人教版高中英语选修六检测Unit3Section2

Unit3SectionⅡⅠ.阅读理解A(2018·浙江卷，B篇)StevenSteinlikestofollowgarbagetrucks.Hisstrangehabitmakessensewhenyouconsiderthathe'sanenvironmentalscientistwhostudieshowtoreducelitter，includingthingsthatfalloffgarbagetrucksastheydrivedowntheroad.WhatisevenmoreinterestingisthatoneofStein'sjobsisdefendinganindustrybehindtheplasticshoppingbag.Americansusemorethan100billionthinfilmplasticbagseveryyear.Somanyendupintreebranchesoralonghighwaysthatagrowingnumberofcitiesdonotallowthematcheckouts(收银台)．Thebagsareprohibitedinsome90citiesinCalifornia，includingLosAngeles.Eyeingthese_headwinds，plastic－bagmakersarehiringscientistslikeSteintomakethecasethattheirproductsarenotasbadfortheplanetasmostpeopleassume.Amongthebagmakers'arguments：manycitieswithbansstillallowshopperstopurchasepaperbags，whichareeasilyrecycledbutrequiremoreenergytoproduceandtransport.Andwhileplasticbagsmaybeuglytolookat，theyrepresentasmallpercentageofallgarbageonthegroundtoday.Theindustryhasalsotakenaimattheproductthathasappearedasitsreplacement：reusableshoppingbags.Thestrongerareusablebagis，thelongeritslifeandthemoreplastic－baguseitcancelsout.However，longer－lastingreusablebagsoftenrequiremoreenergytomake.Onestudyfoundthatacottonbagmustbeusedatleast131timestobebetterfortheplanetthanplastic.Environmentalistsdon'tdispute(质疑)thesepoints.Theyhopepaperbagswillbebannedsomedaytooandwantshopperstousethesamereusablebagsforyears.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。主题是“人与自然”，人与自然如何和谐相处？一个小小塑料购物袋的使用就体现了人与自然的相处之道。塑料购物袋产生“白色垃圾”，在美国加利福尼亚洲约有90个城市禁止使用塑料购物袋；塑料购物袋制造商想出了对策——用可以重复利用的购物袋，虽然这种购物袋的制作和运输成本高；环保专家认为塑料袋和纸袋都不要用。1．WhathasStevenSteinbeenhiredtodo？__D__A．Helpincreasegrocerysales.B．Recyclethewastematerial.C．Stopthingsfallingofftrucks.D．Arguefortheuseofplasticbags.解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句“...arehiringscientistslikeSteintomakethecasethattheirproductsarenotasbadfortheplanetasmostpeopleassume.”可知，塑料购物袋制造商雇用像Stein这样的科学家来说明他们的产品并不像大多数人认为的那样对地球有那么大的坏处，所以D项“据理支持使用塑料袋”正确。2．Whatdoestheword“headwinds”inparagraph2referto？__A__A．Bansonplasticbags.B．Effectsofcitydevelopment.C．Headachescausedbygarbage.D．Plasticbagshungintrees.解析：词义猜测题。画线单词所在句意为“看到这种‘逆风’，塑料购物袋制造商雇用像Stein这样的科学家来说明他们的产品不像大多数人认为的那样对地球有那么大的坏处”。联系上一句“Thebagsareprohibitedinsome90citiesin...”可知，A项“禁止使用塑料袋”为正确选项。3．Whatisadisadvantageofreusablebagsaccordingtoplastic－bagmakers？__D__A．Theyarequiteexpensive.B．Replacingthemcanbedifficult.C．Theyarelessstrongthanplasticbags.D．Producingthemrequiresmoreenergy.解析：细节理解题。根据题干信息“可重复使用的购物袋的缺点”可定位到文章第四段倒数第二句“...longer－lastingreusablebagsoftenrequiremoreenergytomake.”，这种长期可重复使用的购物袋的制作需要更多的能源，故选D项。4．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext？__A__A．Plastic，PaperorNeitherB．Industry，PollutionandEnvironmentC．RecycleorThrowAwayD．GarbageCollectionandWasteControl解析：主旨大意题。本文主要叙述了三方面的内容：塑料购物袋产生“白色垃圾”；塑料购物袋制造商想出了对策——用可重复使用的购物袋；环保专家希望塑料袋和纸袋都不用。故A项“塑料袋、纸袋或者两者都不用”可作为文章的最佳标题。B“FoodinFranceisstillprimarilyaboutpleasure，”saysMarkSinger,technicaldirectorofcuisineatLeCordonBleuinParis.“Cookingandeatingarebothpastimes(消遣)andpleasure.”TheFrenchmightstarttheirdaywithbread,butter,jam,andperhapssomethinghottodrink—it'satimeofthedaywhenthewholefamilycanbeunited.Singer,borninPhiladelphia,haslivedinFranceformorethan40years.“Althoughthingshavechangedgreatlyinthepast20yearswhenitestofoodinthecountry，”hesays,“andwhatwasabigaffairwitheatinghasbeenslowlysoftenedup,therearestilleventsintheyear,likebirthdaysandNewYear'sEveandChristmasEvethatarestillreallyanchoredintraditionalfoodandcooking.Butit'snoteveryday.”SomepeoplethinkFrenchfoodlifemaybeaperformance，addsJenniferBerg,directorofgraduatefoodstudiesatNewYorkUniversity.“TheywanttobelievethatFranceisthisnationwherepeoplearespendingfivehoursadaygoingto12differentmarketstogettheirfood.Therealityismostcroissants(羊角面包)arefactory－made,andmostpeoplearebuyingconveniencefood,exceptfortheverysmallgroupofpeopleinhighsociety.Butpartofouridentityreliesonbelievingthatmyth.”InItaly,asinFrance,takeoutisstillrelativelyrare.“Eatingfastisnotatallpartofourculture，”saysMarcoBolasco，editorialdirectorofSlowFoodandanItalianfoodexpert.Ourmealsarerelaxed,evenduringalunchbreak.FoodinItalyislove,andnutrition,andpleasure,hesays.AnItalianchild'sfirstexperiencewithfoodisnotsmallroundcakesorriceoreggs,butprobablyicecream,notesBolasco.Statusandwealthplaylessofaroleinfood.文章大意：本文为说明文，涉及饮食话题。作者通过专家的话语来说明法国人和意大利人对于食物是一种享受生活的态度。5．HowhavethingsaboutFrenchfoodchanged？__C__A．Peopleprefertocookathome.B．Morepeoplechoosetoeatout.C．Traditionalfoodislessfrequentlycooked.D．Peopleeatfasterthanbefore.解析：考查推理判断。根据第二段的内容可知，法国传统美食受冲击，人们只是偶尔在重大节日中才去享用传统美食，并不是每一天，故选择C。6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“performance”inParagraph3referto？__A__A．Abother. B．Aplay.C．Ahobby. D．Aroutine.解析：考查词义猜测。由后文中的“peoplearespendingfivehoursadaygoingto12differentmarketstogettheirfood”可知，此处应是指部分人认为法国传统烹饪比较烦琐。故此处performance指“麻烦”。故选A。7．WhyisItalianfoodparedwithFrenchfoodinthelastparagraph？__D__A．ToshowtheadvantagesofItalianfood.B．Toprovethedifferencesbetweenthem.C．ToreflectthecustomsofItalianfood.D．Toindicatethemonpointsofthetwo.解析：考查推理判断。由本段中的“InItaly,asinFrance”，再结合第一段中的“FoodinFranceisstillprimarilyaboutpleasure”和最后一段中的“FoodinItalyislove,andnutrition,andpleasure”可知，作者比较这两种食物的目的是找出二者的共同点，阐明主旨，故选D。8．What'sthemainideaofthepassage？__B__A．Foodasidentity. B．Foodaspleasure.C．Foodassurvival. D．Foodasstatus.解析：考查主旨要义。由文中的“FoodinFranceisstillprimarilyaboutpleasure”，“Cookingandeatingarebothpastimes(消遣)andpleasure”以及“FoodinItalyislove,andnutrition,andpleasure”可知答案。Ⅱ.七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Apersonaldevelopmentplanisawaytosetgoals,gaininsightintoyourselfandyourskills,anddetermineacareerorlifechange.Whenyouaretryingtodecidewheretosteer(引导)yourlife,itcanbetoughtogatherthemotivationandthinkpositively.__1.E__Thinkoftheareasaboutwhichyoureceiveplaintsorpraise.__2.G__Anexampleofpraisemightbeyourbosstellingyouthatyouaregoodattimemanagement.__3.D__Whatdoyouenjoydoing?Andwhathaveyoudonewell?Ontheotherside,considerthethingsthatyouhavenotdonewellorhavenotenjoyed.Writedownthefinalobjectiveforeachfocusarea.Bespecificandambitious.__4.B__Forexample,ifonefocusinvolvesimprovingyourpublicspeakingskills,anactionmightbetogivea15－minutespeechinpublic.Createatimeline.__5.C__Whensettingthedeadlines,beambitiousbutalsoconsiderthetimethatyouhaveavailable.A．Startwithonetothreefocusareas.B．Inaddition,includeaninitialactionforeachitem.C．Setadeadlineforyourshort－termandlong－termgoals.D．Askyourselfabouttheareasinwhichyouhavebeensuccessful.E．Thenmappingoutaplan,withactualstepsandtimelines,willbebeneficial.F．Ifyoufocusontoomanyareasatatime,youwon'tbelikelytomeetthegoals.G．Forexample,haveyoureceivedillremarksfromsomeoneaboutnotbeingagoodlistener?文章大意：本文是说明文，介绍了如何制订个人发展计划。解析：1．根据上文中的“Whenyouaretryingtodecidewheretosteer(引导)yourlife,itcanbetoughtogatherthemotivationandthinkpositively”可知，空处应是提出的具体的做法，故E项“那么制订一个有具体的步骤和时间表的计划会是很有益的”符合语境。2．G项中的“receivedillremarks”和空前的“receiveplaints”相对应，故G项符合语境。3．由空处后面的两个问题可知D项“问问你自己在哪些领域取得过成功”符合语境。4．根据空前的内容可知，此处和“Bespecificandambitious”都是对段落主旨句“Writedownthefinalobjectiveforeachfocusarea”的说明，而且选项B中的“action”与空后的“action”相呼应，故B项符合语境。5．根据主旨句“Createatimeline”和空后的“Whensettingthedeadlines”可知，此处的内容有关“设定最后期限”，故C项符合语境。Ⅲ.语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。HowmanyofyoudrinkCoca－Cola?Nearlyeverybody.Didyouknowthatcolastartedoutnotasasoftdrink,butas__1.a__cureforheadachesbackinthelate1800s?JohnS．Paberton,adoctorfromAtlanta,hadexperimentedformanymonths__2.to_find__(find)acureforthemonheadache.Heworkedathishomemixingandheatingoilswithothermaterialsuntilhefoundonemixturethatseemedtohavegoodeffects__3.on__headaches.Hebegantosellthemixturein__4.drugstores__(drugstore)．Thecustomershadtomixitwithwaterbeforedrinking.Then,howdidcol