牛津译林版 七年级下册英语同步讲义二Unit 8 Pets 课时3 Grammar

Unit8Pets

Grammar

知识精讲

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cm.

知识点01形容词的基本用法教材P97

【用法详解】

一、形容词的定义：

形容词修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征，通常可将形容词分成性质形容词和叙述形容

词两类，其位置不一定都放在名词前面。

1.直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词。

2.叙述形容词只能作表语，所以又称为表语形容词，这类形容词大多数以a开头的形容词

都属于这一类。例如：afraid,asleep,awake,alone等。

二、形容词的用法

1）作定语：形容词作定语，放在名词之前，不定代词之后。

Helivesinabeautifulhouse.他住在一座漂亮的房子里。

Thereisnothingimportantintoday*snewspaper.今天的报纸上没有什么重要的内容。

2）作表语，放在系动词（be,feel,look,smell,taste,sound,get,become,keep,turn,seem）

之后。少数形容词只能作表语，不能作定语，如：alone,alive,asleep,afraid,alight,ashamed,

drunk,ill,well,unable,sure.上述形容词不能作前置定语，但alive,asleep可作后置定语。

Hisideasoundsgreat.他的主意听起来很棒。

Heisthegreatestpoetalive.他是在世的诗人中最伟大的。

3）作宾语补足语，放在宾语之后，常与make,leave,keep,find等动词连用。

Theykeeptheclassroomcleaneveryday.他们每天保持教室干净。

WefinditimportanttolearnEnglishwell.我们发现学好英语很重要。

4）形容词的名词化有些形容词放在定冠词之后，表示一类人，常见的有good/bad,rich/poor,

young/old,deaf/blind,black/white,living/dead,beautiful/good等。

Theoldshouldbetakengoodcareof.老年人应该受到很好的照顾。

5）以ing结尾的形容词通常修饰物，以ed结尾的形容词通常修饰人

exciting-excitedboring-boredinteresting-interestedtiring-tired

三、形容词的位置

1）形容词与不定代词something,anything,nothing,everything等连用时，要放在这些词后

面。

Isthereanythinginterestingintoday*snewspaper?

2）如果有两个以上的形容词修饰同一个名词时，其前后排列顺序一般如下：

限定词（a/the,this/some/her…）+数量词（先序数词后基数词）+观点+大小+形状+新

旧+颜色+产地+材料+名词。

多个形容词修饰同一名词时的顺序是固定的，其顺序为：①冠词、指示代词、不定代词、

物主代词+②序数词+基数词+③一般性描绘形容词+④大小、长短、形状+年龄、新旧+⑥颜

色+⑦国籍、出处+⑧材料+⑨用途、类别+⑩最终修饰的名词或动名词。

adirtyoldblackshirt一件又脏又旧的黑色衬衣

abeautifullittleredflower一朵美丽的小花

Ihaveabig,round,red,wooden,Chinesetable.我有一个中国制造木制红色的大的园桌子。

【典例讲解】

1.一Mr.Wuseemstoday.

一Yes,becauseSimonislateforschoolagaintoday.

A.happilyB.happyC.angryD.angrily

2.一Theappleslook________.

一Yes,andtheytaste________.Whynotbuysome?

A.good;goodB.well;wellC.good;wellD.well;good

3.Themovieisgetting_________aroundtheworld.

A.luckyB.excellentC.specialD.popular

4.Johnis________.Hedoesn'tliketowork.

A.strictB.funnyC.lazyD.boring

5.1fsusually________inSouthChina.

A.torainB.rainyC.rainsD.rain

知识点02复合不定代词教材P98

【用法详解】

一、不定代词的含义

表示笼统指代，不能确定指代具体哪（些）人或物的代词叫不定代词。

二、不定代词的分类

1）普通不定代词

常用的不定代词如下：

some,anyfew,afew/little,alittle

many,mucheither,neithernone,one,other,another

each,everyboth,all

2）复合不定代词

复合不定代词是由some-,any-,no-,every-力口上-one,-body,-thing等所组成的不定代词。常见

的复合不定代词有：

somebodyanybodynobodyeverybody

someoneanyonenooneeveryone

somethinganythingnothingeverything

三、复合不定代词用法

1）some系列的不定代词和any系列的不定代词

①some系列的不定代词一般用于肯定句。用于疑问句中，一般表示一种委婉的请求，希望

对方给出肯定回答。

Thereissomeonewaitingforyouattheschoolgate.学校大门口有人等你。

CouldIhavesomethingtodrink?我能要点喝的吗？

②any系列的不定代词用于否定句和疑问句，如用于肯定句，则有“任何”的含义。

Thereisn'tanythingelseinthefridgenow.冰箱里任何其他的东西都没有了。

Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourself?你还有什么要为自己说的吗？

Anyoneshouldobeythelaw.任何人都应该遵守法律。

2）everyone与everyone

①everyone的意思相当于"everybody”，只能指人，不能和of连用。

Iwouldlikeeveryonetobehappy.我想要每个人都开心。

②everyone既可以指人也可以指物，可以和of连用。

Ihaveeveryoneofherletters.她的每一封信，我都有。

3）noone,nobody,nothing,与none

不定代词用法例句

noone1）不与。f连用；2）谓语动词用单数；3）只能指--Iseveryoneheretoday?

人；---Yes,Mr.Ma.Nooneisabsent.

nobody4）一般用来回答who,及含everyone,--Who'sintheroom?

--Nobody,!think.

anyone,anybody引起的疑问句。

nothing1）指物；2）一般用于what的提问。--Whafsinthebox?

--Nothingbutacard.

none1）强调数量，既可指人也可以指物；2）可与of--Howmanypassengerswerethere

连用；onthebusatthattime?

---None.

3）用于howmany或howmuch提问的回答。

4）复合不定代词和形容词或eke（其他）的连用

当形容词或else修饰复合不定代词something,everything,everyone等时,形容词必须放在

复合不定代词的后面。

MyhostfamilytriedtocooksomethingdifferentformewhenIstudiedinNewZealand.

解当我在新西兰学习时，我的寄宿家庭努力为我做一些不同的饭吃。

Wouldyoulikesomethingelsetodrink?你想要点别的喝的吗？

【典例讲解】

1.一Thereisn'tinthefridge.

一Ok,lefsgoshoppingnow.

A.nothingB.everythingC.anythingD.something

2.一Peter,mycomputerdoesn'twork.Istherewithit?

一Fmnotsure.Let'sasksomeonetohelpyoucheckit.

A.somethingwrongB.wrongsomething

C.anythingwrongD.wronganything

3.——Whosebikeisitunderthetree?——Ifs.

A.somebodyelse'sB.somebodyelseC.somebody'selse'sD.somebody'selse

4.一Wouldyouliketodrink?

一Sure,butIdon'tlikecoffeetea.Doyouhaveorangejuice?

A.something;andB.something;orC.anything;with0.anything;or

5.Asasayinggoes,isdifficultifyouputyourheartintoit.

A.somethingB.anythingC.nothing0,everything

叁'知识点03allthetime教材P97

【用法详解】

allthetime一直，始终，无时无刻，随时

Conditionsarechangingallthetime.情况在不断地变化着。

Ihaveadogandacat,buttheyfightallthetime.我养了一只猫和一只狗，但它们老是打架。

Followthatmanandkeephiminsightallthetime.要跟著那个人，一直盯著他.

【典例讲解】

一Jack,youaresogoodatEnglish.Canyoutellmethesecret?

一Nosecret.IjustworkhardatEnglish.

A.sometimesB.sometimesC.allthetimeD.sometime

【拓展】关于time的固定搭配

intime及时，最后，终于ontime按时，准时atthesametime同时，尽管...

但是bythetime至U......时候innotime立亥U

foratime暂时，短时期atalltimes无论如何atatime每次

atonetime曾经，一度fromtimetotime不时地，偶尔

至,知识点04agree教材P98

【用法详解】

agreev.同意；赞成；取得一致意见，一致同意

Whenhesaidthat,Ihadtoagree.他说了那话，我只好同意。javascript:;

Heagreedwiththemabouttheneedforchange.他同意他们需要变革的意见。javascript:;

Areweallagreedonthis?我们在这个问题上是不是全体意见一致？

【典例讲解】

一IthinkeveryoneshouldnotpollutetheEarth.

A.NoproblemB.I'dlovetoC.IagreewithyouD.Agoodidea

【拓展】agree的固定搭配

agreewith同意，和…意见一致

agreeon对…取得一致意见

agreein在...方面意见一致；在...相同

9“知识点05keep教材P98

【用法详解】

keepv.（使）保持，处于

Thenoticesaid'Keepoffthegrass9.牌子上写着“勿践踏草地”。

I'mverysorrytokeepyouwaiting,javascript:;对不起，让你久等了。

keepv.养；饲养

tokeepbees/goats/hens养蜜蜂/山羊/母鸡

Theykeepchickensinthebackyard,javascript:;他们在后院养鸡。

【典例讲解】

-Mr.Brown,canIHarryPotterfromthelibrary?

一Sure,butyoucanonlyitforhalfamonth.

A.lend;borrowB.borrow;keepC.borrow;lendD.lend;keep

能力拓展

单项选择

1.LittleTomcandraw.Hispicturesarevery

A.good,wellB.well,goodC.good,goodD.well,well

2.Thesetoyslook.Iwanttobuysome.

A.nicelyB.friendlyC.beautifullyD.lovely

3.Thereisintoday'snewspaper.

A.somethinginterestingB.interestingsomething

C.somethinginterestedD.interestingnothing

4.1twassodarkthatIcouldseeintheroom.

A.nothingB.anythingC.something0,everything

5.一Doantsrest?Ithinkthey'removingaround

一Sure.Theyrestwhentheyaretiredjustlikeus.

A.atthattimeB.atthesametimeC.allthetimeD.forthefirsttime

6.Didyouagreeapartyforhim?

A.havingB.tohaveC.haveD.had

羔分层提分

题组A基础过关练

一、单项选择

l.rdliketobeapolicemanbecauseapolicemanalwayskeepsourcity.

A.saveB.safeC.safelyD.safety

2.Aliceisgoodatsingingandhervoicesounds

A.beautifullyB.wonderfulC.wellD.loudly

3.Theideadoesn'tsoundsotome.

A.wellB.happilyC.excitingD.excited

4.Jenny,doyouhavetotellme?

A.anythingimportantB.importantanything

C.somethingimportantD.importantsomething

5.一Isthereelseyouwantmetodo?

-Nothanks.Ifssokindofyou.

A.somethingsB.anythingC.nothing0,everything

6.一Iamsothirsty.Doyouhavetodrink?

-Thereapplejuiceinthefridge.Doyouwantit?

A.something;isalittleB.anything;aresome

C.anything;issomeD.something;areafew

7.,heexerciseseverymorning.

A.TokeephealthyB.Keepinghealthy

C.KeepinghealthD.Tokeephealth

题组B能力提升练

一、完型填空

Afewmonthsago,Kimfoundtherewassomethingwrongwithherdog-Jake.Hiseyeshad

stoppedproducingtears（眼泪）,anditwasclearhewasinalotof1.Kimtookhimto

thedoctor's,andthedoctoradvisedtohavehiseyeballsremoved.tcIfinallymadeadifficult

decisionand2thedoctortomakehimmorecomfortable,Kimexplained.

WhenJakecamebackhome,he3tobeafraidtoclimbstairsforthefirsttime.

However,something4tookplace.Addie,hisdogsisterandpartner,realizedhisproblem

anddecidedtohelp.uShecamedownthestairs,stoodnexttohimandthenwalkedbackupasifto

showhimthe5JKimsaid."IwastotallymovedbyAddie.Shewassuchagoodpartner.

Iwatched6,hopingAddie'splanwouldwork,anditdid.”

KimtiedabellaroundAddie9sneck7itcouldhelpJakefindAddiemoreeasily.

Addiecontinuedto8Jakewhilehegotusedtohisnewcondition（状况）.

NowJakedoesn'tneedAddieto9thebellanymore.He'sabletohangaroundthehouse

andplacesthatheoftenvisitseasily.ButwheneverJakeandAddievisitsome10places,

Addieworksasaguidedogagain.Whatagooddogsisterandpartner!

l.A.funB.painC.courageD.surprise

2.A.playedwithB.foughtwithC.agreedwithD.workedwith

3.A.appearedB.wantedC.hopedD.decided

4.A.simpleB.amazingC.terribleD.serious

5.A.sizeB.shapeC.timeD.way

6.A.nervouslyB.correctlyC.quicklyD.suddenly

7.A.untilB.whenC.ifD.because

8.A.careforB.lookforC.payforD.askfor

9.A.recordB.wearC.buyD.hear

lO.A.oldB.brightC.newD.dark

题组c培优拔尖练

、阅读理解

A

Dogslikelivingwithpeople.Theyareveryfriendly.Theycandomanythingsforpeople.

Somedogshelppeopletolookaftersheep,otherdogshelpthemtofindthelostchildren.And

someofthedogscanhelptheblind（盲人）.

Thereisakindofdog.HisnameisSeeingEyedog.Nowwecanseethiskindofdogallover

theworld.Theyareworkingfortheblind.TheSeeingEyedogisstrongandeasytotrain（训|练）.

Hehelpstheblindtowalkfromplacetoplace.BeforeadogbecomesaSeeingEyedog,hemust

gotoatrainingschoolforaboutthreemonths.First,thedoghastolearntositorstaywhenhe

hearsthetrainer'scall.Inhisnextlesson,thedoglearnstotakehistrainer（训练员）acrossbusy

streets.Thedoghasmanythingstolearn.Attheendofthetrainingschool,hemusttaketests（测

试）.Whenhepasses（通过）thetest,theSeeingEyedogwilldothingsbyhimself.

Nowhecanhelptheblindpeople.Thenewmastermaybeaman,awoman,orevenachild.

Ittakesthedogandhisblindmasteraboutamonthtolearntoworkandlivetogether.

l.WecanseetheSeeingEyedog.

A.onlyinthecountryB.onlyinsmallcities

C.allovertheworldD.onlyinAmerica

2.—WhatcantheSeeingEyedogdo?一.

A.Helptheblindpeople.B.Findthelostchildren.

C.Lookaftersheep.D.Doanything.

3.1fyouwantadogtobecomeaSeeingEyedog,youmustlethim.

A.gotothestreetB.gotoamiddleschool

C.gotoatrainingschoolD.gotoaneveningschool

4.Firstthedoghastolearntositorstay.

A.whenhehearsthetelephonecallB.whenhehearsthedoorbell

C.whenhehearsthetrainer'scallD.whenhesawthepeople

B

Humanshavefivedifferentsenses（感官）：sight（视觉），hearing,smell,tasteandtouch.They

worktogetherandtellhumansaboutthingsaroundthem.

Sight

Theeyescanonlyseewithlight.Lightcarriesthepictureofsomethingintotheeyessothe

humancanseeit.Butdoyouknowthatthepictureisupsidedown?Thebrain（大脑）hastoturn

thepicturetherightwayupagain!

Hearing

Soundstravelthroughtheair（空气）likewaves（波）.Soundwavesaremuchslowerthanlight.

Soyoualwaysseelightningfirst,andthenyouhearthethunder.

Smell

Humanssmellwiththeirno