新教材英语选择性学案Unit1第二课时Usinglanguage

第二课时UsinglanguageⅠ.词汇初探1．essentialadj.必不可少的2．impressvt.使印象深刻；使铭记→impressiveadj.给人深刻印象的；感人的→impressionn.印象；感觉3．grinv.露齿而笑；咧着嘴笑4．deservevi.&vt.应受(报答或惩罚)；值得→deservedadj.应得的；该受的；理所当然的Ⅱ.短语互译1．有意义；讲得通make_sense2．成为现实e_true3．紧邻；在……近旁next_to4．搭建put_up5．抬头看；查找look_up6．fallover向前摔倒7．bepleasedwith对……满意8．lookaround环顾9．getit明白了；懂得10．longface愁眉苦脸Ⅲ.经典句式1.Lookupatthestars,andtellmewhattheytellyou.(P5)抬头看星星，告诉我它们告诉你什么。2．Andif_so,_thismeansthattheremightalsobelifeonotherplanets.(P5)如果是的话，这意味着其他行星上也可能有生命。Ⅳ.语法初探——单句语法填空1．(2019·新课标Ⅱ卷)NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield，whichsheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.2．(2018·北京)Sheandherfamilybicycletowork,whichhelpsthemkeepfit.3．(2018·天津)Kate,whosesisterIsharedaroomwithwhenwewereatcollege,hasgonetoworkinAustralia.4．(2017·江苏)In1963theUNsetuptheWorldFoodProgramme,oneofwhosepurposesistorelieveworldwidestarvation.5．(2016·江苏)Manyyoungpeople,mostof_whomwerewell­educated,headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.6．(2016·天津)Wewillputoffthepicnicintheparkuntilnextweek,whentheweathermaybebetter.1eq\a\vs4\al(impressvt.使印象深刻；使铭记)[教材原句]WatsonispleasedwithhisanswerwhichhethinkswillimpressHolmes.(P5)华生对他的回答很满意，他认为会打动福尔摩斯。eg.Sheimpressedmeasascholar.她给我留下了学者的印象。[归纳拓展]eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(1impresssth.on/uponsb.,impresssb.withsth.))使某人牢记某事beimpressedby/at/with对……印象深刻(2)impressionn.印象；感想leave/makea(n)．..impressionon/uponsb.给某人留下……的印象(3)impressiveadj.给人深刻印象的；感人的[即时巩固]完成句子/单句语法填空①Thenewteachermade/left_a_good_impression_on/uponthestudentsbyherrichknowledgeandhumoroustalk.那位新老师以丰富的知识和幽默的语言给同学们留下了很好的印象。②Myfirstimpression(impress)ofhimwasthathewasakindandthoughtfulyoungman.③IjustcamebackfromatriptoChinaandIwasveryimpressedwith/bythelonghistoryofthatcountry.④Deeplyimpressed(impress)byhisinspiringwords,Idecidedtocooperatewithhim.⑤Fatherimpressedon/uponmethevalueofhardwork.2eq\a\vs4\al(deservev.值得；应受到)[教材原句]Wealldeserveasecondchance,Iguess.(P6)我想我们都应该有第二次机会。eg.Youdeservearestafterallthathardwork.辛苦劳累那么久，你该休息一下了。[归纳拓展](1)deserveattention/consideration/sympathy/respect值得注意/考虑/同情/尊重deserveblame/punishment该受责备/惩罚(2)deservetodosth.值得做某事；应该做某事sth.deservedoing＝sth.deservetobedone某事值得被做[名师点津]deservedoing是用主动形式表示被动意义，相当于deservetobedone，有类似用法的还有want,need,require等。[即时巩固]完成句子/单句语法填空①Thissuggestiondeservesconsideration.＝Thissuggestiondeservesconsidering.＝Thissuggestiondeservesto_be_considered.这个建议值得考虑。②Hedoesnotdeserveto_win(win)anyrespectfromanybodyjustbecausehedoesnotknowhowtorespectothers.1eq\a\vs4\al(makesense有意义；有道理；讲得通)[教材原句]Ifyoutakeawaytheclauses，dothesentencesstillmakesense？(P5)如果你去掉从句，这些句子还有意义吗？eg.Thissentencejustdoesn'tmakesense，nomatterhowyoureadit.无论你怎样读这个句子，它还是讲不通。[归纳拓展]makesenseof理解；明白makenosense没道理；没意义inasense在某一方面；就某种意义来说innosense决不(位于句首时用部分倒装)monsense常识Thereisnosenseindoingsth.做某事没意义[即时巩固]完成句子/单句语法填空①Canyoumake_sense_ofwhatthisAmericanissaying?你听得懂这个美国人在说些什么吗？②There_is_no_senseinwaitinghereanylonger.在这里再等下去是没有意义的。③Innosenseshouldyouloseheart;keeptryingandyouwillmakeitsoonerorlater.④Inasenseitdoesn'tmatteranymore.2eq\a\vs4\al(putup修建；举起；张贴；提高价格；提供膳宿)[教材原句]Theyputuptheirtentunderthestarsandgotosleep.(P5)他们在星空下搭起帐篷睡觉。[归纳拓展]putaway储存(钱)；储存……以备用；储蓄putforward提出(意见、建议)putdown记下；写下put...in/into把……放进……puton穿上；戴上；上演putoff推迟，拖延putout扑灭(火)；放出，伸出；生产；出版putupwith忍受；忍耐；受苦[即时巩固](1)写出下列句中putup的含义①Firstheopenedashopandthenheputupasignoutsidetheshoptoattractcustomers.张贴②Thosewhoknowtheanswertothequestion,pleaseputupyourhands.举起③Thegovernmenthaspromisedthattaxeswillnotbeputupagainthisyear.提高④Theyagreedtoputtwoforeignstudentsupoverthesummer.为……提供膳宿⑤They'reputtingupseveralnewofficeblocksinthecentreoftown.建造(2)完成句子①AweekbeforeEarthDay,posterswereput_uparoundourschool,callinguponustojoinintheactionsforagreenerearth.在地球日的前一周，我们学校到处张贴海报，呼吁我们积极参与到建立一个绿色地球的行动中。②I'mnotgoingtoput_up_withtheirsmokinganylonger.我再也不能容忍他们抽烟了。③Heput_forwardasuggestionthatthesportsmeetingshouldbeput_offuntilnextweekasaresultofthebadweather.他提出了一个建议，由于天气恶劣，运动会应该推迟到下周。④WhenIput_it_on,_Icouldfeelthewarmthfrommymother.当我穿上它时，我能感受到来自母亲的温暖。3eq\a\vs4\al(lookup查找，查出，查阅；向上看)[教材原句]Lookupatthestars,andtellmewhattheytellyou.(P5)抬头看星星，告诉我它们告诉你什么。[归纳拓展]lookback回顾lookthrough浏览；翻阅；翻找；审核lookdownon/upon看不起，轻视lookaround环顾四周lookinto朝里看；调查；深入了解lookout当心，注意[即时巩固]完成句子①I'velooked_throughallmypapersbutIstillcan'tfindthecontract.我翻阅了所有文件，但依然没有找到那份合同。②Womenhavegrowntiredofbeinglooked_down_on/uponbyemployers.妇女越来越厌恶被雇主瞧不起。③Theclerklooked_upfromhisdeskandfrowned.办事员从办公桌上抬起头来，皱了皱眉头。④Looking_around,_IrealizedIwouldhavetohandlethethingmyself!环顾四周，我意识到必须自己来处理这件事。⑤AsIlook_back_onthatdaynow,itsurelylacksanysenseofreality.现在当我回顾那一天时，我感到此事确实缺乏现实感。4eq\a\vs4\al(getit明白了)[教材原句]Idon'tgetit.(P7)我不明白。[归纳拓展]Whenitesto...当涉及……makeit成功；确定时间为……(后接时间类名词)asitis事实上；照原样takeitforgrantedthat...认为……是理所当然的[即时巩固]完成句子①Pleasedon'thesitatetoask，ifyoudon'tget_it.如果你不明白，请不要犹豫问我．②Myunclemade_it_tothestationbeforethetrainpulledout.我叔叔在火车开出前赶到了车站。③When_it_es_toplayingfootball,Mikecametolife.说到踢足球，迈克活跃起来了。eq\o(\s\up7(1),\s\do5())eq\a\vs4\al(Lookupatthestars，andtellmewhattheytellyou.P5,抬头看星星，告诉我它们告诉你什么。)[句式分析]what引导的从句作动词tell的宾语，并在从句中作tell的宾语。eg.IwilldowhatIcan(do)tohelphim.我将尽我所能帮助他。[归纳拓展]what和that在名词性从句中容易混淆，其区别是：that引导名词性从句时，在从句中不充当任何成分，而且在引导宾语从句时常常被省略，而what在从句中必须充当成分，而且不能被省略。[即时巩固]用that/what填空①WhatIwanttodrinkiscoffee.②Hecan'tacceptthefactthathefailedinthelastexam.③Thathewilltakepartinthepartyistrue.④Thefactoryhasbeenbuiltinwhatwaswasteland.eq\o(\s\up7(2),\s\do5())eq\a\vs4\al(Andifso，thismeansthattheremightalsobelifeonotherplanets.P5,如果是的话，这意味着其他行星上也可能有生命。)[句式分析]ifso“如果这样的话”，是if引导的条件状语从句的省略形式，表示肯定意义；如果表示否定意义，则用ifnot。eg.Hemaynotbeathomethen.Ifso,leavehimanote.那时他可能不在家，如果那样，给他留个便条。[归纳拓展]if引导的省略语：ifpossible如果可能的话ifany如果有的话ifanything如果有什么的话ifnecessary如果有必要的话ifso如果是这样的话ifever如果曾经有的话ifnot如果不这样的话[即时巩固]完成句子①Sheseldom，if_ever,_goestothecinema.她难得看电影。②Areyouready?If_not，I'mgoingwithoutyou.准备好了吗？要不，我就自己去了。③Idon'tsupposetherewillbemorethanadozenleft,if_any.我认为即使还有的话，也不会超过十几个。④If_necessary,_Icaneatonce.如果有必要，我可以马上来。非限制性定语从句一、非限制性定语从句的特点1．非限制性定语从句与先行词之间一般用逗号隔开，是对先行词的附加说明，如去掉，句子剩余部分的意思仍然完整。Thechildren,whowantedtohaveajourney,weredisappointedwhenthejourneywascancelled.那些想旅行的孩子，都因旅行的取消而感到失望。Thattheywillgetmarried,whichhasnotbeenannounced,hasspreadaround.他们要结婚的消息还没有被宣布，却已经被传得沸沸扬扬。2．非限制性定语从句的先行词既可为单个的名词或代词，也可为整个句子或其中一部分，且常译成并列的分句。We'llgraduateinJuly,whenwewillbefree.(先行词为名词)我们将于七月份毕业，到那时我们就自由了。Heoftenestoschoollate,whichmakeshisteacherangry.(先行词为主句的内容)他经常上课迟到，这使得他的老师很生气。二、引导非限制性定语从句的关系词1．关系代词which指物，在从句中作主语，宾语或表语；who/whom指人，who在从句中作主语，而whom在从句中作宾语；as既可指人也可指物，在从句中作主语，宾语或表语；whose既可指人也可指物，在从句中作定语。Hewasn'tunconscious,ascouldbejudgedfromhiseyes.他并未失去知觉，这从他的眼神可以判断出来。MrKing,whoselegswerebadlyhurt，wasquicklytakentohospital.金先生的腿受了重伤，他很快就被送去医院了。2．关系副词when指代时间，在从句中充当时间状语，可与“介词＋which”互换；where指代地点，在从句中充当地点状语，可与“介词＋which”互换。WewillputofftheoutinguntilnextSunday,when/onwhichwewon'tbesobusy.我们把郊游推迟到下个星期天，那时我们就不会那么忙了。Yesterday,theywentouttohaveapicnicinthepark,where/inwhichtheyhadagoodtime.昨天，他们出去在公园里野餐了，在那里他们玩得很开心。[名师点津](1)非限制性定语从句可将整个主句作为先行词，对其进行修饰，这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。(2)非限制性定语从句中，不用why引导，用forwhich代替why。Hehasbeenbusywithhisworkthewholeholiday,whichhasmadehisgirlfriendunhappy.他一整个假期都忙于工作，这令他的女朋友很生气。Thereason，forwhichhewasabsentfromthemeeting,wasn'tgiven.他为何缺席会议，没有给出任何理由。三、as与which引导非限制性定语从句时的区别Asweallknow,theearthmovesaroundthesun.众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。Thesinger,aswasexpected,achievedagreatsuccess.正如所期盼的，这位歌手取得了巨大成功。Catherinewillattendafriend'swedding,whichsheisbusypreparingfornow.凯瑟琳将参加一个朋友的婚礼，现在她正在为此做准备。四、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句意义起限定作用，指特定的人或物，从句不可省略，否则原句句意不完整 仅作补充或说明，若去掉从句，主句意思完整结构要求紧跟先行词，从句与先行词之间不加逗号用逗号与先行词或主句隔开功能修饰先行词修饰先行词或整个主句引导词所有的关系代词及副词关系代词或关系副词，但是关系代词that及关系副词why除外Whenyoureachedthevillage,youwouldfirstfindahousewhosewindowsweremadeofwood.当你到达那个村庄时，你首先会发现一座有着木窗的房子。Theyenjoyedbeautifulsceneryinthemountainarea,wheretheyalsodidsomeclimbing.他们在这个山区欣赏到了美景，在那里他们还做了些爬山运动。五、非限制性定语从句与并列句的识别非限制性定语从句与主句之间常用逗号分开，并且不能加入and，but，so等连接词。并列句一般由and，but，or等词连接。Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingthewindows，mostofwhichhadn'tbeencleanedforatleastayear.＝Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingthewindows,andmostofthemhadn'tbeencleanedforatleastayear.他付给那个男孩10美元让他擦窗户，但大多数窗户至少一年没擦了。[即时巩固]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Hesuddenlyfellill,whichpreventedhimfromgoingtoschool.2．YesterdayImetMary,wholookedverytired.3．Hehastwosons,bothofwhomaredoctors.4．Hehastwosons,andbothofthemaredoctors.5．Asisreportedinthenewspapers，talksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress.6．Mymotheralwaystreatsmelikeababy,whichIcan'tbear.7．IwishtothankProfessorSmith,withoutwhosehelpIwouldneverhavegotthisfar.8．Wehavelaunchedanotherman­madesatellite,whichisannouncedintoday'snewspaper.9．Thereisnosimpleanswer,asisoftenthecaseinscience.10．Untilnow,wehaveraised50,000poundsforthepoorchildren,whichisquiteunexpected.Ⅱ.完成句子1．Theoldwoman,who_lives_on_her_own,_hasacatforpany.这个老妇人一个人住，她养了一只猫陪伴她。2．Myhouse,which_I_boughtlastyear,hasgotalovelygarden.我去年买了那栋房子，它有一个漂亮的花园。3．Inourclassthereare48students,half_of_whomaregirls.我们班有48名学生，其中有一半是女生。4．Thebooksonthedesk,whose_coversareshiny,areprizesforus.桌上那些书是我们的奖品，它们的封面闪闪发亮。5．Iwalkeduptothetopofthehillwithmyfriend,whereweenjoyedasplendidviewofthelake.我和朋友一起登上了山顶，在山顶上我们欣赏到了湖光美景。Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Ifyouaregoingtowalkinthemountain,strongbootsareessential(必不可少的)．2．Heimpressed(使铭记)onus