2023年山东省菏泽市高考英语一模试卷及答案解析

2023年山东省荷泽市高考英语一模试卷

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）

A

BeyondBodyisascience-basedfitnessandnutritionprogramintheshapeofthefirstpersonalizedwelln

essbookintheworld.ltmakesdevelopingsustainablehealthyhabitseasier,

whilehelpingtoimprovementalhealth.ltaddressesthemainproblemsthatmostweightlossprogramsh

ave,motivatingyoutobringpositivechangesinallareasofyourlife.

TheBeyondBodyapphelpsyoufollowtheprogramandtrackyourprogress.ltgoesbeyondsimplef

oodideastoprovidemealplans,workouts,andlifestyletips.

WhoIsBeyondBodyfor?

TheBeyondBodyprogramisforanybodywhowantstoloseweightbyestablishinglifelonghealtha

ndfitnessroutines,

butnotidealforvegetarians.ltcanhelpyoudroppoundswhileenjoyinglong-lastingchanges.

HowtoBeginwithBeyondBody?

Theprogramstartswithaquiz,includingquestionsonbodytype,fitnesslevel,healthconditions,

foodpreferences,

andmore.Youmustalsoenteryourcurrentandtargetweight.Aftercompletingashortquiz,

youcanchoosebetweenthehardcoverore-Book.Youcanalsoaddtheappforfurtherassistance.Next,

itcreatesapersonalizedmealplanandgeneratestheBeyondBodybookinbothdigitalandphysicalfor

mats.Thebookoutlinesyourplanandoffersadviceonnutritionandfitness.

BeyondBodyPricing

TheBeyondBodybookcosts$33,Forthisprice,yougetahardcopyanddigitalversion,

plusfreeshipping.Fortheassistantapp,youmustpayamonthlysubscriptionfee.Withintheapp,

you,llfindothercheckoutoptions,likeconsultationswithanutritionist.

1.WhatisBeyondBodyusedtodo?___

A.Sellabook.

B.Introduceanapp.

C.Stresstheimportanceofweightloss.

D.Provideaprogramtoloseweight.

2.Howdoestheprogrambegin?___

A.Byaddinganapp.B.Byfillingaformat.

C.Bychoosingabook.D.Bycompletingaquiz.

3.WhatdoWeknowabouttheBeyondBodyapp?___

A.Itcanbeusedforfree.

B.Itfocusesonmentalhealth.

C.Ittracksweightlosingprogress.

D.Itoffersfreeonlineconsultations.

B

MonicaBertagnolliisanoncologist（肿瘤学

家）atBrighamandWomen'sHospitalandaprofessorofsurgeryatHarvardMedicalSchool.Growing

upinWyoming,

shewaswellawareofthelackofhealthcareresourcesinruralareas.Accesstoin-depthcareforcancerp

atientsishardtoget.She,sworkedthroughouthercareertochangethat.

InWyoming,

there,sagreatdistancetotravelbetweenwherepeopleliveandwheretheycanfindacancerspecialist.u

Ifyouneedtreatmentsandtheyhavetobeadministeredeveryday,

andifit,s120milesfromwhereyoulive,

thatendsupbeingahugebarriertoreceivingthekindofcareyouneed.',

AndnowMonicaservesasthevicepresidentoftheCoalition（联

盟）ofCancerCooperativeGroups（CCCG）—aninternationalnetworkofindividualswhoworkto

improvethequalityoflifeandsurvivalofcancerpatientsbyincreasingparticipationincancerclinicaltri

als.

Shesaid,uOneofthereallyimportantthingsis,

we'retryingtomakesurethatcancerclinicaltrialscangettoeveιysinglepatientwhoneedstheminmy

ownstate.'*ThecoalitionsetupsitesinnorthernandsouthernWyomingthatareabletorunclinicaltrial

s.Beforethosetrialsbecameavailable,

patientswouldusuallygotoDenverorSaltLakeCity-athree-to-seven-hourdrive.

Monica'seffortstoincreaseaccesstothehealthcareneedsofherruralWyomingpatientsalsoinclud

ehelpingtodevelopnewpoliciesthatwillallowpatientstoparticipateinmoreclinicaltrials,

andlinkingthemwitharegionaldoctorwhocangetthemtheaccesstothecaretheyneed.

Inadditiontotheclinicaltrials,

Monicasaidthattechnology'sprogresslikebettercellphoneandinternetserviceinthemountainsofWy

oming,aswellassocialmedia,

hashelpedruralresidentsstayintouchwithlovedonesandmedicalprofessionalsdespitetheirdistance.

Sheistryingtoadvocatestronglyforthosechangestocontinue.

,'IstillconsidermyselfpartofWyomingandIamverydevotedtomakingsurethatpatientscanget

accesstocare.n

4.WhatdoruralcancerpatientsinWyomingneedmost?___

A.Healthcare.B.Betterhousing.

C.Furthereducation.D.Publictransportation.

5.HowhasMonicahelpedthecancerpatients?___

A.Byofferingclinicaltrials.

B.Byadvocatingfinancialaid.

C.Byimprovinginternetservice.

D.Bytrainingmedicalprofessionals.

6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeMonica?___

A.Determinedandloyal.B.Honestandgenerous.

C.Gratefulandcourageous.D.Devotedandresponsible.

7.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?___

A.Technology：Apushforprogress

B.Monica：Ahelperforcancerpatients

C.CCCG：Apioneerforcancertreatment

D.Clinicaltrials：Ahopeforcancerpatients

C

You'veorderedanewpairofshoesonline.Theyarrive;yourushtothefrontdoorandcarrytheboxas

youopenit.Youuntiethelaces,guidethemtowardyourfeetandtheydon'tfit.

So,backintheboxtheygoandanhourlateryoudropthematthelocalcollectionsstore.It's

disappointing.Theshoeshaveneverbeenwornandthey'11bemakingtheirwaytoanewhomesoon.

Right?Wrong.

Whatdoeshappentoourgoodswhenweorderonlineandthenreturnthem?Therealityisthatmuch

ofitsimplyendsupinlandfill（垃圾场）.Eachyear,5billionpoundsofwasteisgeneratedthroughreturns

intheworld.IntheUSalone,customersreturnapproximately3.5billionproducts,ofwhichonly20%are

actuallyfaultyaccordingtoOptoro,acompanywhichspecializesintacklingthereturns.

Itturnsoutthatreturnscreatearealheadacheforcompanies.Manycompaniessimplydon'thavethe

technologytohandlethesefaultsinreturnedgoods,soitisoftenmostprofitableforthemtosellthem

cheaplytodiscountersviaawebofshipping,drivingandflyingthemaroundtheglobe,ortosimplytruck

themtothedump.

Optoro'ssoftwarehelpsretailers（零售商）andmanufacturersresellunsoldgoodsmoreeasily.They

offeranumberofoptionsforretailers,includingawebsitetoreselltheirgoods,calledBlinq,aswellas

helpingwithre-routinggoodstodonation,storeshelves,AmazonoreBay.Theyestimatetheirworkhelps

reducelandfillwasteby70%.

AnnStarodaj,SeniorDirectorofSustainabilityatOptoro,saysthatwhileconsumerhabitsmightstill

beharmful,creatingaprofitableandenvironmentallyfriendlyfashionmodelfromstarttofinishistheway

forward:"Idon'tthinkpeoplearegoingtostopbuyingstuff,butcreatingabusinessmodelwhere

you'remakingiteasierforthemtomakesustainablechoicesisveryimportant.,,

8.WhatarethestatisticsinParagraph3about?

A.Wastedisposal.B.Goodsdelivery.

C.ClothingFashion.D.Wastereturns.

9.Whydoreturnsbecomearealheadacheforcompanies?

A.Veiylittleprofitcanbemade.

B.Relatedtechnologyisnotavailable.

C.Goodsaredamagedonpurpose.

D.Noplacescanbefoundtoburythem.

10.WhatisParagraph5mainlyabout?

A.Adifficulttask.B.Amarketingplan.

C.Apracticalsolution.D.Aproducingprocess.

11.WhatdoesAnnStarodajwanttoconvey?

A.Returnsareeasytodealwith.

B.Peopleshouldstopbuyinggoodsonline.

C.Consumerhabitsbringaboutharmfulresults.

D.Itisvitaltocreateasustainablebusinessmodel.

D

Oneperson'shappinesscausesachainreactionthatbenefitsnotonlytheirfriends,

buttheirfriends'friends,

andtheirfriends*friends'friends.Theeffectlastsforuptooneyear.Theopposite,interestingly,

isnotthecase：

Sadnessdoesnotspreadthroughsocialnetworksasstronglyashappiness.Happinessappearstoloveco

mpanymoresothanmiseιy.

Focusingon4,739individuals,ChristakisandFowler,whoco-authoredthisstudy,

observedmorethan50,

000socialandfamilytiesandanalyzedthespreadOfhappinessthroughoutthisgroup.Theresearchersfo

undthatwhenanindividualbecomeshappy,

afriendlivingwithinamileexperiencesa25percentincreasedchanceofbecominghappy.Aco-resident

spouse（配偶）experiencesan8percentincreasedchance,siblings（兄弟姐

妹）livingwithinonemilehavea14percentincreasedchance,andfornext-doorneighbors,

34percent.Buttherealsurprisecamewithindirectrelationships.Again,

whileanindividualbecominghappyincreaseshisfriend'schances,

afriendofthatfriendexperiencesanearly10percentchanceofincreasedhappiness,

andafriendofthatfriendhasa5.6percentincreasedchance.

Theresearchersalsofoundthat,contrarytowhatyourparentstaughtyou,

popularitydoesleadtohappiness.Peopleinthecenteroftheirnetworkgroupsarethemostlikelypeople

tobecomehappy,

andthentherearechancesthatincreasetotheextentthatthepeoplesurroundingthemalsohavelotsoff

riends.However,becominghappydoesnothelpmigrateapersonfromthenetworkfringe（夕卜

围）totheCentenHappinessspreadsthroughthenetworkwithoutchangingitsstructure.

"Imagineabird,seyeviewofabackyardparty,

uFowlerexplains."You'llseepeopleingroupsatthecenter,

andothersonthefringe.Thehappiestpeopletendtobetheonesinthecenter.Butsomeoneonthefringe

whosuddenlybecomeshappy,saythroughaparticularexchange,

doesn,tsuddenlymoveintothecenterofthegroup.Hesimplystayswhereheis—onlynowhehasafar

moresatisfyingsenseofwell-being."

Nexttime,ifyou'rehappyandyouknowit,

thankyourfriends——andtheirfriends.Andwhileyou,reatit,theirfriends1friends.Butifyou,resad,

holdtheblame.

12.Whowillbemorelikelytobecomehappyasamanishappyaccordingtotheresearch?___

A.Hiswife.B.Hisnext-doorneighbors.

C.Hisbrothersandsisters.D.Afriendofhisfriend.

13.WhydoesFowlermentionabackyardpartyinParagraph4?___

A.Toexplainarule.B.Toclarifyaconcept.

C.Todescribeafact.D.Tomakeaprediction.

14.Whatdoestheresearchaimtotellus?___

A.Happinesschangessocialstructures.

B.Asocialnetworkisadouble-edgedsword.

C.Happinessgoeshandinhandwithsadness.

D.Happinessspreadsthroughsocialnetworks.

15.Whatdoweknowfromthelasttwoparagraphs?___

A.Friends'friendsmaybringyouhappiness.

B.Yourfriendsaretoblameforyoursadness.

C.Yourfriendsdecidewhetheryouarehappy.

D.Thehappiestfriendsatpartyareonthefringe.

二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12・5分）

HowtoEducateYourself

Despitefearsofautomation(自动化)destroyingjobs,

historyshowsthatnewtechnologyoftenendsupcreatingnewjobsandopportunities.Ifyouwanttotake

advantageofthesenewjobs,you'llneedtobeabletoteachyourselfnewthings.

(1)___Butthefollowingprocessshouldgetyouofftoaverygoodstart.

IdentifyWhatYouWanttoLearn

Theobviousfirststepistopickaskillorsubject.Youprobablyhaveavagueideainmindalready,

butyouareencouragedtomakeitmorespecific.Letstakelearningpianoasanexample.(2)___To

playafewofyourfavoritesongs?Toplayinabandwithyourfriends?

TobecomethenextCarnegieHallsoloist?Youcanbettertrackyourlearningprogressbydoingso.

DetermineHowYouLeamBest

(3)___Beforeyoudiveintospecificbooksorcourses,

youshoulddosomeself-reflectionanddetermineyourlearningstyle.However,

it,snotassimpleasyouthought.Inreality,youprobablyIeamwellinmultipleways,

andthebestapproachwillalsodependonthetopic.

StartWiththeRightLearningResources

Ifyou'retotallynewtoasubject,

youarerecommendedtoreadsomeexistinglearningresourcestogetstarted.Focusonresourcesthatma

kefewassumptionsandaredesignedforabsolutebeginners.Thisway,

youdon,tmissfundamentalsordevelopbadhabits.(4)___

PracticeAttentively

Whenyoupracticeattentively,

yousetaspecificintentionforyourpracticeperiodandfocusononlythat.You'realsohonestaboutyour

currentperformance,

constantlyaskinghowyoucanimprove.(5)___Youcouldplaytheguitarabsentlyfor10,

OOOhoursbutstillbenoclosertoplayinglikePatMetheney,agreatguitarist.ltrequiresattentive,

focusedpractice.

A.Doyoulikeplayingthepiano?

B.Whatexactlydoyouwanttolearn?

C.Ittakesfrequentpracticetomakeperfect.

D.Puttinginthehoursisnecessarybutnotenough.

E.It,sdifficulttogiveexactstepsforself-education.

F.Youcanstartfindingresourcesoncealearninggoalisset.

G.Andchoosewhateverlearningresourcesworkbestforyourstyle.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

19.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.E

F.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大题共15小题，共15.0分)

HupingMountainfeaturesdeepvalleysanddangerouspeaks.In1990,

DuDengwenjoinedthelocalpoststationandwasimmediately

(1)withserving13villagesacrossthemountainousarea.Forthepastthreedecades,

Duhasbeenoneofthefew

(2)betweenvillagersthereandtheoutsideworld.Despitedifficultgeographicconditions,

lettersandparcelsalwaysmakeittotheir(3)___.Duhas

(4)mailandgoodstothevillagersfromtheirlovedones,

mostofwhomareinthedistantcitiesforaliving.His(5)___alwaysbringsjoytothemountainvilla

gers,becauseit(6)___lettersorparcelsofhugevaluearecomingtheirway.

Aroundtripto(7)___allofthevillagesinhischargerunsabout180km,

andtheonlythinghecouldrelyonwasa(8)___thatthepoststationoffered.Evenso,

onlytwovillageswere(9)___bycycling,whiletherestwere(10)___roads,soDuhadtowalk.

Dualsowrotedownvillagers*

(11)___andtriedhisbesttomeetthem.Duhaddevelopedaclosebondwiththelocalvillagers,

andrefusedto(12)___hisjobregardlessofhisfamily,sconcernoverhis(13)____.

Du,skindnessand(14)___havenotonlyendearedhimtothemountainvillagersbutalsoearnedt

heirtrustandrespect.HewascallednAngelCourier"bylocalsheartilyand(15)___asa"Touching

China"rolemodelforHunanbytheprovincialgovernmentin2015.

21.A.armedB.chargedC.forcedD.filled

22.A.barriersB.symbolsC.situationsD.connections

23.A.destinationB.officeC.entranceD.farm

24.A.soldB.lentC.deliveredD.donated

25.A.presenceB.messageC.wordD.behaviour

26.A.receivesB.meansC.addsD.witnesses

27.A.coverB.enrichC.buildD.measure

28.A.bicycleB.carC.horseD.tractor

29.A.acceptableB.impossibleC.accessibleD.affordable

30.A.roughB.smoothC.flatD.muddy

31.A.requirementsB.lettersC.idealsD.suggestions

32.A.carryonB.giveupC.huntforD.putaway

33.A.wealthB.abilityC.safetyD.position

34.A.curiosityB.generosityC.beliefD.devotion

35.A.consideredB.namedC.awardedD.elected

四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）

36.DecoratedwithChinese-Styleredlanterns,thepavilion（展馆）

oftranslatedChinesebookssawabigturnoutofbookloversatthe54theditionofCairoIntemation

alBookFair,thelargestbookfairinEgypt.

Thepavilion(1)___(display)duringthefairabout1,

000booktitlesinArabicandEnglishonChineseculture,history,literature,economy,

andamongmanyothers.Visitors

(2)___differentagesfrequentedthepavilionofChinesebooks.Someparentspickedchildren's

booksfortheirkidsandsomeyoungpeople(3)___(attract)tobooksonChineseculture,

historyanddevelopment.

Ahighschoolstudent,(4)___waspickingabookonChinesehistory,

saidthatChinahasovercomenumerousproblemsthroughoutitshistorywhile

(5)Chinesewisdomisshownintheirliterature,thoughtsandphilosophy.NouraGamal,

ajuniorstudentofChinese,said

(6)attractedhimmostwastheChinesecultureandpeople.Hewanted(7)___(learn)

moreaboutChina,anancientcivilizationwithauniquelanguage,history,literatureandculture.

TheChinesepavilionparticipatesinthefairwithmanyrichbooktitlesthatincreaseeveryyear

inaverysuccessfulefforttobringthe(8)___(culture)ofEgyptandChinacloser.ltis

(9)(wide)acknowledgedthatChina'sgreatdevelopmentisoneofthereasonsforthe

(10)___(grow)popularityofChinesebooks.

五、书面表达(本大题共2小题，共40.0分)

37.假定你是学生会主席李华，你校将举行主题为“MyYouth,MyDream”的英语演讲比赛，

请你给外教LiSa写一封邮件，邀请她担任评委。内容包括：

(1)比赛目的；

(2)时间和地点；

(3)期待参与。

注意：

(1)写作词数应为80左右；

(2)请按如下格式作答。

DearLisa,

Yours,LiHua

38.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Thegymteacherblewthewhistle(哨子)andfourstudentsdivedintotheswimmingpool,

racingtotheotherside.Thenthenextfourwereup,

butonlythreestoodonthedivingboard."WhereisRen?"thegymteacheraskedinconcern.

Ren,sfaceturnedred,

andhewasunsteady.Helookedatthepoolandsteppedback."Youcannotmakemedothis!nhesai

d.

Sadiepattedhimonthebackgently."Youcandoit!Iwillhelpyouifyouneedit."Renstaredi

ntoSadie'seyesandhecalmeddown.

"Youcandoit.Youneedtopassthisclass.πThegymteachersaid.Rensteppedonthedivingbo

ard,vputtinghisgoggles（护目镜）voverhiseyes,

andthebluecaphidhisredhair.ThewhistleblewandRenstoodthereastheotherthreeswamawa

y.ThenoneboyranandpushedRenintothewater.

Sadieglaredattheboy."Whywouldyoudothat?

πAminutepassedbyandRenstillwasn,tcomingup.Sadiejumpedinandpulledhimoutofthewat

er.ShegavehimCPR（心肺复苏），

andittookawhileuntilwatercameoutofhislungs.Thenfinallyhespatoutthewaterandsatup,

feelingdizzy.

RenlookedoveratSadie,whobreathedasighofrelief."Oh,

thankgoodness!Whydidn'tyouuseyourarmsorlegs?nRenstaredawayfromSadie,

lookingatthebottomofthebluepool,

thenlookingupatthegymteacherwhorolledhiseyes.uIcan,tswim.Myparentsnevertaughtmeas

akid.Weareafraidofwater.',

Sadieputherhandonhisshoulder.',Don,tworry.Iwillteachyouhowtoswim.Thewaterismy

favouriteplacetobe."Renthoughtforawhile,andnoddedgently.

注意：

（1）所续写短文的词数应为150左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

ParagraphI：

RenandSadiefinishedgymclassandwalkedhometogether：

Paragraph2：

ThegymteacherblewthewhistleandthistimeRendivedbravely.

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】D、D、C

【解析】（1）细节理解题。由此篇文章第三段中的关键句TheBeyondBOdyPrOgramiSforanybody

whowantstoloseweightbyestablishinglifelonghealthandfitnessroutines,butnotidealforvegetarians.

（"超越身体"计划适合任何想要通过建立终身健康和健身习惯来减肥的人，但不适合素食者。）

可知"超越身体"是用来提供一个计划来减肥的。故选D。

（2）细节理解题。由此篇文章第四段中的关键句ThePrOgramStartSWithaqUiz,includingquestions

onbodytype,fitnesslevel,healthconditions,foodpreferences,andmore.（该计戈IJ从个小测试开

始，包括关于体型、健身水平、健康状况、食物偏好等问题。）可知通过完成一个小测验来开始

这个计划。故选D。

（3）推理判断题。由此篇文章第二段中的关键句TheBeyondBodyapphelpsyoufollowtheprogram

andtrackyourprogress.（"超越身体”应用程序可以帮助你遵循该计划并跟踪你的进展。）可知，“

超越身体"应用程序跟踪减肥进度。故选C。

这是一篇应用文•《超越身体》是一个以科学为基础的健身和营养计划，是世界上第一本个性化

的健康书籍，文章是一篇关于《超越身体》的广告。

阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有

标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；

其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，

带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强

的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，

才能做到稳、准。

4~7.【答案】AXANDXB

【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段GrOWingUPinWyOming,

shewaswellawareofthelackofhealthcareresourcesinruralareas.Accesstoin-depthcareforcancerP

atientsishardtoget.（她在怀俄明州长大，很清楚农村地区缺乏医疗资源。癌症患者很难获得深入

护理。）可知农村的癌症病人最缺乏医疗资源。故选A。

（2）细节理解题。根据第三段AndnowMonicaservesasthevicepresidentoftheCoalition（联

盟）ofCancerCooperativeGroups（CCCG）—aninternationalnetworkofindividualswhoworkto

improvethequalityoflifeandsurvivalofcancerpatientsbyincreasingparticipationincancerclinicaltri

als.（现在，MOniCa担任癌症合作组织联盟（CCCG）的副主席。CCCG是一个由个人组成的国际

网络，通过增加对癌症临床试验的参与来提高癌症患者的生活质量和生存率。）可知，MOniCa通

过提供临床试验来帮助癌症患者。故选A。

（3）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Sheistryingtoadvocatestronglyforthosechangestocontinue.

（她正在努力大力倡导这些改革继续下去。）以及最后一段

"IstillconsidermyselfpartofWyomingandIamverydevotedtomakingsurethatpatientscangetacce

SStOCare."（"我仍然认为自己是Wyoming州的一员，我非常致力于确保患者能够获得医疗。”）

可知MoniCa非常敬业，富有责任心。故选D。

（4）标题归纳题。根据第一段MoniCaBertagnOlIiiSanonCOlogiSt（肿瘤学

家）atBrighamandWomen'sHospitalandaprofessorofsurgeryatHarvardMedicalSchooLGrowing

upinWyoming,

shewaswellawareofthelackofhealthcareresourcesinruralareas.Accesstoin-depthcareforcancerP

atientsishardtoget.She'sworkedthroughouthercareertochangethat.（MonicaBertagnolli是布里格

姆妇女医院的肿瘤学家，也是哈佛医学院的外科教授。在怀俄明州长大的她非常清楚农村地区缺

乏医疗资源。癌症患者很难获得深入的护理。她的整个职业生涯都在努力改变这种状况。）以及

下文对MonicaBertagnolli的详细介绍可知，本文主要介绍了MoniCa为改变农村癌症患者缺乏医

疗资源和医疗保健所作出的贡献，B选项“Monica：一位帮助癌症患者的人”适合作为本文标题。

故选B。

本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要介绍肿瘤学家MonicaBertagnolli为农村癌症患者能够获得医疗资源

和医疗保健所作出的努力与贡献。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对

未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事

例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

8~11.【答案】D、BxCsD

【解析】这是一篇说明文。每年都有大量网购退货造成的垃圾，由此带来的问题非常棘手，对此

人们提出了许多建议和可行方案。

1.

根据第三段Eachyear,5billionpoundsofwasteisgeneratedthroughreturnsintheworld.IntheUS

alone,customersreturnapproximately3.5billionproducts,ofwhichonly20%areactuallyfaulty

accordingtoOptoro,acompanywhichspecializesintacklingthereturns.（每年，全世界有50亿磅的

垃圾通过退货产生。据专门处理退货问题的OPtOr。公司称，仅在美国，客户就退货了大约35亿

件产品，其中只有20%是有问题的。）可知第三段的数据是关于退货产生的浪费的。故选D。

2.

根据第四段Manycompaniessimplydon,thavethetechnologytohandlethesefaultsinreturnedgoods,,

soitisoftenmostprofitableforthemtosellthemcheaplytodiscountersviaaWebofshipping,

drivingandflyingthemaroundtheglobe,ortosimplytruckthemtothedump.（许多公司根本没有技

术来处理退货中的这些故障，因此，对他们来说，最有利可图的方法往往是通过航运、驾驶和空

运网络，将商品廉价卖给折扣店，或者干脆用卡车把它们运到垃圾场。）可知，由于相关技术的

缺乏，退货成为公司真正头疼的问题。故选B。

3.

根据第五段Eachyear,5billionpoundsofwasteisgeneratedthroughreturnsintheworld.IntheUS

alone,customersreturnapproximately3.5billionproducts,ofwhichonly20%areactuallyfaulty

accordingtoOptoro,acompanywhichspecializesintacklingthereturns.（Optoro的软件可以帮助零售

商和制造商更容易地转售未售出的商品。他们为零售商提供了多种选择，包括一个名为Blinq的

转售商品的网站，以及帮助将商品重新安排到捐赠、商店货架、亚马逊或eBay上。）可知，第五

段主要是讲一个实用的解决退货的办法一一OPtoro软件。故选C。

4.

根据最后一段内容（OPtOr。的可持续发展高级总监AnnStarodaj说，虽然消费者的习惯可能仍然

是有害的，但从头到尾创造一种有利可图的环保时尚模式是前进的方向：创造一种商业模式，让

他们更容易做出可持续的选择是非常重要的。）可知，AnnStarOdaj想要传达的是创建一个可持续

的有利可图且环保的商业模式是至关重要的。故选D。

12~15.【答案】BxBsDsA

［解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Theresearchersfoundthatwhenanindividualbecomeshappy.

afriendlivingwithinamileexperiencesa25percentincreasedchanceofbecominghappy.Aco-resident

spouse（配偶）experiencesan8percentincreasedchance,siblings（兄弟姐妹）livingwithinone

milehavea14percentincreasedchance,andfornext-doorneighbors,34percent.（研究人员发现，

当一个人变得快乐时∙，住在一英里以内的朋友变得快乐的几率会增加25%。同居配偶的几率增加

了8%,住在一英里以内的兄弟姐妹的几率增加14%,而隔壁邻居的几率增加34%。）可知，一

个人开心的时候，最有可能因此变得开心的是他的邻居。故选B。

（2）推理判断题。根据第四段第一句"Imagineabird'seyeviewofabackyardparty,

"Fowlerexplains."You'llseepeopleingroupsatIhecenter,

andothersonthefringe.Thehappiestpeopletendtobetheonesinthecenter---"（福勒解释道："想象

一下后院聚会的鸟瞰图，你会看到一群人在中心,其他人在边缘。最快乐的人往往是中心的人…"）

可知，福勒提出这个聚会的目的是为了解释某个和一个网络中最开心的人的位置相关的概念，上

文第三段最后两句"However,

becominghappydoesnothelpmigrateapersonfromthenetworkfringe（夕卜

围）tothecenter.Happinessspreadsthroughthenetworkwithoutchangingitsstructure.（然而，变得

快乐并不能帮助一个人从网络边缘迁移到中心。幸福通过网络传播而不改变其结构。）"提出了需

要解释的观点：因为幸福通过网络传播，不改变网络的结构，因此一个人变得快乐并不会使他从

网络的边缘迁移到中心。故选B。

（3）推理判断题。根据第三段HOWeVer,

becominghappydoesnothelpmigrateapersonfromthenetworkfringe（外

围）tothecenter.HappinessspreadsthroughthenetworkwithoutchangingitsStruclure.（然而，变得

快乐并不能帮助一个人从网络边缘迁移到中心。幸福通过网络传播而不改变其结构。）可知，本

研究旨在告诉读者幸福通过网络传播，即社交网络。故选D。

（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段第―∙句NeXttime,ifyou'rehappyandyouknowit,

Ihankyourfriends—andtheirfriends.（下一次，如果你很开心，并且你知道这一点，那就感谢你的

朋友和