2019年英语新选修八精练Unit2课时跟踪练（一）WarmingUpReadingPre-reading

Unit2课时跟踪练(一)WarmingUp&Reading—PrereadingⅠ.阅读理解AAuthorsKyleKurpinskiandTerry D．Johnsonprettymuchhavemeconvincedthathumancloningisquitepossibleandisafuturecertainty.KurpinskiandJohnsonarebothbioengineeringexperts;unlikesimilarscientistsyouhaveseeninthemovies,theybothhaveasenseofhumor.WhatsurprisesmeisthatKurpinskiandJohnsonareabletotakesomethingasplicatedasDNAandmakeitunderstandable.ThebookHowtoDefeatYourOwnCloneteachesuswhatisnowknownasDNA­encoded(编码),howthathappens,andwhypeoplewithsimilarDNAdon'tlookoractthesame.ThebooknotonlyhelpsusgetabasicunderstandingofwhatDNAanditspurposeare,butalsoexplainscloningandstemcell(干细胞)research.Itoccurstomethatalotofpeoplewhoareagainststemcellresearchdon'tknowwhattheyareprotestingabout.Theauthorsprovideahistoryofcloning,aswellasinformationaboutstemcells.Therealfunstartswhentheauthorsattackvariousmythsaboutcloning.Obviously,toomanypeoplehavebeenwatchingtoomanybadmoviesandtelevisionprograms.Rememberthey'rejustfictionalstories.If,somehow,scientistsmanagetocloneyou.Twentyyearsfromnowyourcloneisn'tgoingtokillyou.Amongthemythsexploredandexplodedarethataclonewillknoweverythingyouknowandwillactasyoudo,thatheadswhicharecutoffcanbekeptalive,andthataclonehasnobellybutton(肚脐).Manyofthemythsareridiculousbutmanypeoplebelievethem.KurpinskiandJohnsonalsodetailsomebio­improvements“thatreallywork”.Yousee,genescanbecontrolledtohelpyousleepbetterandbeesmarter,healthier,andtaller.Well...notexactlyyou,butfuturegenerations.Ifyoudowindupinabattlewithyourownclone,whowillbeconsiderablyyoungerthanyou,rememberthatitisnotyouandthatitdoesn'tknowwhatyouknow.eq\x(语篇解读：本文介绍了一本关于克隆知识的书。)1．Manybioengineeringexpertsinmoviesare________.A．humorous B．wealthyC．serious D．crazy解析：选C推理判断题。从第一段的“unlikesimilarscientistsyouhaveseeninthemovies,theybothhaveasenseofhumor”可知电影中的生物工程学家一般都是没有幽默感的。2．WhichofthefollowingthingsareinthebookHowtoDefeatYourOwnClone?a．WhatDNAanditspurposeare.b．Whoisagainstcloning.c．Thehistoryofcloning.d．Themythsaboutcloning.e．Thedisadvantagesofcloning.A．a，b，e B．a，c，dC．b，d，e D．b，c，d解析：选B细节理解题。从第二段的“ThebooknotonlyhelpsusgetabasicunderstandingofwhatDNAanditspurposeare...Theauthorsprovideahistoryofcloning...”及第三段的“Therealfunstartswhentheauthorsattackvariousmythsaboutcloning.”可知答案。3．Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatbiotechnology________.A．hasbeenbannedinmanycountriesaroundtheworldB．isbeingusedtoimproveone'sintelligencerightnowC．canhelpimprovethephysicalconditionoffuturegenerationsD．issuretocureanydiseaseinthenearfuture解析：选C推理判断题。从第四段的“genescanbecontrolledtohelpyousleepbetterandbeesmarter,healthier,andtaller.Well...notexactlyyou,butfuturegenerations”可知C项正确。4．Accordingtothepassage,acloneofyou________.A．willwanttokillyouB．knowswhateveryouknowC．hasnobellybuttonD．willbeyoungerthanyou解析：选D细节理解题。从最后一段的“whowillbeconsiderablyyoungerthanyou”可知D项正确。BInthemovieJurassicPark,scientistsclonedinosaursbyusingtheDNAthatwaspreservedformillionsofyears.However,thereistroublewhenthecloneddinosaursturnoutfiercerandsmarterthanexpected.Candinosaursreallybecloned?Theoretically,theycan;allthatwouldberequiredisDNAfromanextinctdinosaurandacurrentlylivingcloselyrelatedspecieswhichwouldactasasurrogatemother(代孕母亲)．Infact,thereiscontinuingresearchtoclonetheWoollyMammothbyextracting(提取)theDNAfromfrozenanimals.Actually,cloningisaphenomenonthatoccursnaturallyinawidevarietyofspecies.Wheneveryouseeapairofidenticaltwins,theyareexamplesofnature'sclones.Althoughscientistshavebeencloningcertainplantslikethecarrotquitesuccessfullyfordecades,attemptsatcloninganimalshavenotbeenassuccessful.However,theybeganlongbeforethebirthofDolly,thesheep—thefirstmammaltobesuccessfullycloned.Cloninghumansdoesgiverisetosomemisgivings,_raisinganumberofmoralproblemsinvolved.Infact,thesocialinfluencesofproducinghumansartificiallywerebrilliantlyexploredinthefamousnovelBraveNewWorldbyAldousHuxley,andalsointhemovieTheIsland.Humancloningisbasicallyaboutcreatingagenetically(基因地)identicalcopyofapreviouslyexistingperson.Whywouldsomepeoplechoosetoclonehumanbeings?Well,generally,itcouldmakecouplesunabletohavebabieshavetheirownchildren.Replacingadeadchildisalsoanotherreasonwhysomepeoplehaveexpressedinterestinthetechnology.eq\x(语篇解读：本文是说明文，介绍了克隆的相关情况。)5．Thepurposeofthefirstparagraphisto________.A．giveusanintroductiontoamovieB．analysethepossibilityofcloningC．giveanintroductiontothetextD．tellustheimportanceofcloning解析：选C写作目的题。从后文内容可知，第一段主要是为了引出下文。6．Wecaninferfromthesecondparagraphthat________.A．moreandmorepeopleareinterestedincloningB．cloninghassavedmanyanimalsfromdyingoutC．cloninghasaveryshorthistoryD．cloningplantsismucheasier解析：选D推理判断题。第二段说明，人们已经成功克隆了植物，而动物还不太成功，说明克隆植物要比克隆动物简单得多。7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“misgivings”inthethirdparagraphmean?A．Worries. B．Aims.C．Regulations. D．Principles.解析：选A词义猜测题。从该词后的“raisinganumberofmoralproblemsinvolved”可知，克隆人引起了很多顾虑。misgiving意为“疑虑；顾虑”。CIhadagreattimethissummervisitingStoneMountainParkinGeorgiawithmytwingrandsons.Ihadtheopportunitytospendthedaywiththemseeingthevarioussightsandattractions.OnethingthatmygrandsonshadreallywantedtodowasclimbtothetopofStoneMountain.Itisn'taveryhighmountainandfortunatelyhaswalkingtrailstothetop,butfortwo5­year­olds,alongwiththeirgrandpa,it'saformidabletask.Sincemygrandsons'enthusiasmwasmuchgreaterthanmine,Idecidedtostarttheslowwalkupthemountain.Iremindedmyselfthatittook3oftheirstepstoequal1ofmine,soIfoundmyselfwalkingaheadofthem,thenhavingtostopandletthemcatchup,overandoveragain.Iwastired,justwantingtogettothetopofthemountainsoIcouldrestwellbeforestartingmywayback.Ilearnedearlyonduringourwalkthatthiswasn'tgoingtobethecase.Wehadtostopandlookateverylargerockwithsomeone'snamecarvedinit.Welookedatunusualplantformations.Weexaminedlargetreesandweexploredsmallrockoverhangsthatremindedthekidsofcaves.Mygrandsonsviewedthewalkasanexcitingadventure.Climbingthemountainwasatrialtome,butmygrandsonswerenotfocusedatallonthetrialofclimbingthemountain;theyweresimplyenjoyingthejourneyofthewalk.IknowwhenIfaceatrialinlife,Itendtoalwaysthinkoftheproblem.Iwantthetrialtobeoverquicklyandletlifegetbacktonormal.Butwiththatattitude,whatcanIlearnduringthecourseofatrial?Atsomepoint,thetrialwillbeoverandI'llbejoyousforsure.However,therealjoyshouldn'tbeabouttheendofthetrial,butwhatIlearnedduringthejourney.语篇解读：生活中遇到考验时，我们要从中学到东西，要学会享受过程。8．Theunderlinedword“formidable”inParagraph1probablymeans________.A．meaningful B．difficultC．urgent D．strange解析：选B词义猜测题。由该词所在的第一段前面语句的意思可知，石山虽然不是特别高，而且还有步行道直通山顶，但是对于两个五岁的孩子和他们的爷爷来说，这是一个艰巨的任务。由此可推知画线词formidable在此应该意为“艰巨的”。9．Theauthoronlywantedtoreachthemountaintopto________.A．haveagoodrestB．getabetterviewC．lookatunusualplantsD．seelargerockscarvedwithnames解析：选A细节理解题。根据第三段中的第一句“Iwastired,justwantingtogettothetopofthemountainsoIcouldrestwellbeforestartingmywayback.”可知，作者只想到达山顶后好好休息一下。10．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．EducatingkidsabouttrialsB．LearningtoenjoythejourneyC．MountainclimbingbenefitshealthD．Grandsons'happinessstayswithme解析：选B标题归纳题。作者通过描述与孙子爬山的经历告诉读者：生活中遇到考验时，要从中学到东西，要学会享受过程，故选B项。Ⅱ.阅读七选五Work­LifeBalanceManyarticlesarefocusedontheimportanceofwork­lifebalance.Belowaresomesuggestionsmentionedfrequently.Decideonpriorities(优先的事物).__1__Youdonotneedtodoeverythinginonenight.Prioritizewhatneedstobedoneearlyintheweekandwhatcanbedonelater.Ifyouarefocusingonafewprojects,youwilldoabetterjoboneachassignment.Don'tbeanover­achiever.Beinganall­aroundpersonisgood.However,youdonotneedtobethecaptainofthefootballteam,theleadineachactivityandtheemployeeofthemonth.__2__Andatthesametimegetyourworkdoneandhavetimetorelaxorhangoutwithfriends.__3__Ifthere'sanactivitythatnolongerbringsyoujoy,thinkaboutwhetheryoureallywanttocontinuepursuingit.It'shardtoletgoofsomethingyou'veinvestedinforyears,butifithasbeeaburdenwithlittlereturnforyou,it'stimetogiveitup.Takecareofyourself.__4__Donotsacrifice(牺牲)yourhealthbecauseyouaretoobusytotakecare