高考英语一轮复习定语从句之关系代词和关系副词课件

定语从句之关系代词和关系副词relativeclauseGrammarFocusLead-inListentotheaudioandfillintheblanks.

ObservingforrulesSheisagirl.Amyisateacher.Thegirlismysister.Ihavesomething.Theboyismyson.Japanisacountry.形容词名词介词短语不定式现在分词过去分词定语数词Therearedogsathome.翻beautiful翻woman翻inred翻tosay翻developed翻makingface翻three定语：修饰名词或代词的成分。包括形容词、名词、数词或介词短语等等。定语的位置

1.Thisisaflowerbasket.2.Thisisabasketfullofflowers.单个的词作定语时要放于被修饰词的前面，前置定语短语作定语时要放于被修饰词的后面，后置定语看下列句子，是什么作定语呢？

SheistheteacherthatIneverforget.ThisisabasketthatIwanttoputflowersin.用句子充当定语=定语从句

这是一只懒惰的猪

这是一只爱吃西瓜的猪Thisisalazypig.定语Thisisapigthatlikeseatingwatermelon.定语从句Presentation在主从复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。Thisisapigthatlikeseatingwatermelon.主句从句先行词：定语从句修饰的词关系词：把主从句连接起来1.引导定语从句2.代替先行词3.在定语从句中担当一个成分(主、宾、定语)定语从句修饰名词或代词紧跟在先行词后定语从句的结构

定语从句范围：关系词开始Thereweredeepcracksthatappearedinthewellwalls.Twothirdsofthepeoplewholivedthereweredeadorinjured.TheteamthatLangPinghadbuiltwasfallingapart.下一个标点符号下一个谓语动词前结束请找出下列句子的定语从句、先行词、关系词.1.Chinaisacountrywhichhasalonghistory.2.ThepenthatIboughtlastweekismissing.3.ThisisthehousewhereIwasborn20yearsago.

4.Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhedidn’tturntohisteacherforhelp.

_____________________定语从句________先行词___________________定语从句_______先行词__________________________定语从句________先行词__________________________________定语从句________先行词关系词关系代词关系副词which作主语/宾语that作主语/宾语whom作宾语who作主语/宾语whose作定语where表地点when表时间why表原因在从句中作状语，相当于“介词+which”关系词：引导定语从句，代替先行词在从句中的位置关系代词聚焦高考一.判断相关复合句中包含着定语从句定语从句的位置Parentsarethepeoplewhoyoushouldcareabout.Theboywhotheteacherpraisesistheirmonitor.在主句的后面插在主句的中间聚焦高考二.为定语从句正确选择关系词关系代词：who,whom,whose,that,which关系副词：when,where,why1.确认先行词（人or物）2.确认从句缺什么句子成分一.判断相关句子为定语从句

例：Imetagirl___knewyoursister.

主句先行词从句关系词作主语who定语从句三步走：一拆：拆主从二判：判缺失三看：看先行词关系代词指代的先行词在从句中所做成分是否可省略that关系代词的用法人，物主,宾，表作宾语可省1.Theman

thatlivesnextdoorisadentist.2.Thesuitcase

thatliesonthegroundishers.3.Thefilm(that)wesawlastnightisfunny.

主主宾关系代词指代的先行词在从句中所做成分是否可省略which关系代词的用法物主语,宾语作宾语可省1.Thesuitcase

whichliesonthegroundishers.2.Thefilm(which)wesawlastnightisfunny.主宾关系代词指代的先行词在从句中所做成分是否可省略who关系代词的用法人主语,宾语作宾语可省Theman

wholivesnextdoorisadentist.Parentsaretheperson(who)youshouldcareabout.主宾关系代词指代的先行词在从句中所做成分是否可省略whom关系代词的用法人宾语可省Parentsaretheperson(whom)youshouldcareabout.Theboy(whom)theteacherpraisesistheirmonitor.关系代词指代的先行词在从句中所做成分是否可省略whose关系代词的用法(人/物)的定语不可省Theinjuredboy_________motherwaslostinthedisasterwastakentothehospital.whoseHeistheman.他就是那个人。Wearetalkingabouttheman.我们正在谈论那个人。Heistheman___________________________他就是我们正在谈论的那个人。who/whomwearetalkingabout.关系代词代替了先行词theman在从句中的位置，作宾语关系代词作宾语时，可省略“合二为一”Thisisabook.这是一本书。Thisbookmakesyoungpeoplemoved.这本书让年轻人感动。Thisisabook___________________________这是一本让年轻人感动的书。whichmakesyoungpeoplemoved.关系代词代替了先行词thebook在从句中的位置，作主语Thedogismine.那条狗是我的。Thedogisplayingwithyou.那条狗正在跟你玩。Thedog________________________ismine.那条正在跟你玩的狗是我的。thatisplayingwithyou关系词代替了先行词thedog在从句中的位置，作主语That’stheman.就是那个男人。Theman’shousewasburneddown.那个男人的房子被烧毁了。That’stheman________________________就是那个男人的房子被烧毁了。whosehousewasburneddown.关系代词代替了先行词theman’s在从句中的位置，作定语Iknowthewoman.我认识那个女人。Thewomanisgivingalessonintheclassroom.那个女人正在教室里授课。Iknowthewoman___________________________我认识那个正在教室里授课的女人。whoisgivingalessonintheclassroom.关系代词代替了先行词thewoman在从句中的位置，作主语PracticePracticeThatistheperson__________stolemycreditcard.who/thatPractice

Thesearethetrees__________Iplantedlastyear.which/thatPracticeThedish__________Iorderedwasdelicious.which/thatPracticeTheman__________camewithherhasalreadyleft.who/thatPracticeThisisthebook__________titleIcan’tremember.whose以下情况只能使用that，不能使用which0103句中已经有who或which时当先行词被theonly,thelast,thevery等修饰时当先行词为all,much,few,little,something,nothing等指物的不定代词时当先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时02当先行词同时含有人和物时that0504不得赘两婿不得赘两婿Leoisthefirstperson______comestoschooleveryday.Leo是每天第一个来上学的人。Thisisthemostbeautifulpicture______Ihaveeverseen.这是我见过的最美丽的照片。Timistheonlyperson______passedtheexaminhisclass.Tim是他班上唯一一个通过考试的人。Theytalkedaboutthethingsandpeople______theycouldremember.他们谈论了他们能记住的事情和人。thatthatthatthatWhoistheman______ismakingaspeech正在做演讲的那个男人是谁？Isthereanything______Icandoforyou我能为你做些什么吗？All_____isimportantshouldberetoldthreetimes.所有重要的事情都应该重复三遍。注意：当先行词是someone,anyone,everyone,noone,somebody,anybody等指人的不定代词时，不受此限制。Isthereanyonewhocananswerthisquestion有人能会回答这个问题吗？thatthatthat先行词指物时，以下情况只能使用which，不能使用that0102Those

whichareonthedeskareEnglishbooks.桌上放的书都是英文书。当that,those作先行词时Thisistheplacein

whichIgrewup.这就是我长大的地方。当关系代词放在介词之后时

which

非限制性定语从句（，后），不能用that。031.Marinecreaturesarethose_____liveinthesea.A.who B.that C.which2.—Howexcitingthespeechis!—Prettygood!Thisisthebestspeech____I’veeverheard.A.which B.that C.who D.whomCB3.Thewriterandhisnovel_____wehavejusttalkedaboutarereallywell-known.A.who B.what C.which D.that4.Naturalwateristhat_____containsimpurities(杂质).

A.what B.which C.that D.who5.Thehungrykidsateeverything_____theycouldfindinthekitchen.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.whoDBCPresentation定语从句之关系副词关系副词when,where,why的用法

1.Where引导定语从句时，先行词为表示地点的名词，关系词在从句中作地点状语，可用“介词+which”来替换。Theschoolwheremystudiesisnearapark.=Theschoolinwhichmystudiesisnearapark.关系副词when,where,why的用法

2.When引导定语从句时，先行词为表示时间的名词，关系词在从句中作时间状语，可用“介词+which”来替换。I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheteam.=I’llneverforgetthedayonwhichIjoinedtheteam.关系副词when,where,why的用法

3.Why引导定语从句时，先行词通常为reason，关系词在从句中作原因状语，可用“for+which”来替换。Doyouknowthereasonwhyheissoupset=DoyouknowthereasonforwhichheissoupsetIn,at等介词+which表示地点的名词at,in,on,during等介词+which地点状语表示时间的名词时间状语for+whichreason原因状语whereorwhich/that

Iliketheschool(_______________________mysisterstudies).Iliketheschool(__________________isneartomyhome).

intheschoolmysisterstudiestheschoolisneartomyhomewherewhich/that/inwhichwhenorwh