英语-江苏省如皋市2024学年度高考适应性考试（一）英语试题

如皋市2024学年度高考适应性考试（一）英语试题2024.02.29温馨提示：学研资料，方便学研，转载注明，勿商用！江苏省海安高级中学景苏华第一部分听力(共两节，20小题，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthewomanusuallyhaveforbreakfast?A.Somemeat. B.Asmallamountoffruit. C.Plentyofvegetables.2.Whattimewasthetrainsupposedtoarrive?A.At9:00a.m. B.At9:10a.m. C.At9:20a.m.3.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Parentandchild. B.Futurein-laws. C.Strangers.4.Whereistheconversationprobablytakingplace?A.Inadoctor'soffice. B.Atahotelreception. C.Inabedstore.5.What’sthemainreasonthatthemanboughtanewcar?A.Toofferacartohisworkers.B.Tohelpprotecttheenvironment.C.Toreplacehisoldone.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Inatubestation. B.Attheman'shome. C.Inauniversityclassroom.7.Howisthemantryingtohelpthewoman?A.Byshowingheraroundthecity.B.Byofferingadviceaboutoneofhercourses.C.Byencouraginghertofeelmoreconfident.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatisthemainideaoftheconversation?A.Soccerishardtoenjoy.B.Everyonehassomehobby.C.Experienceleadstounderstanding.9.Whydoesn'tthewomanlikesocceraccordingtotheman?A.Shehasneverplayedsports.B.Fanshavetoomuchpassion.C.Theplayersmovearoundtoomuch.10.Whatdidthewomanthinkofwinebefore?A.It’ssmelly. B.It’sdelicious. C.It’snotworthbuying-听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofEnglishliteraturelectures?A.Dull. B.Difficult. C.Useless.12.Whatcourseisthewomantaking?A.English. B.Math. C.Economics.13.Whatdoesthewomanisessentialtowork?A.Havingknowledgeofeconomics.B.Gainingskillsincommunication.C.Makingmorefriends.听第9段材料同第14至16题。14.Howdidthewomanknowaboutthejob?A.Byreadinganewspaperadvertisement.B.BywatchingacommercialonTV.C.Bylisteningtothemorningnews.15.WhatwasthewomandoinginGeneva?A.TeachingEnglishatauniversity.B.Takingmanagementcourses.C.Workingasasecretary.16.Whydidthewomanfindthejobattractive?A.Shecouldworkclosetoherfamily.B.Shecouldtraveloverseasfrequently.C.Shecouldbeofferedahigherposition.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17.Whoisthespeakermainlytalkingto?A.Agroupofbuyersatacommercialartgallery.B.Agroupofstudentsinthehistoryclass.C.Agroupofvisitorsinamuseum.18.Whatcountryisthespeakerprobablyincurrently?A.China. B.TheUS. C.TheNetherlands.19.Whenwasthefirstcommercialcamerainvented?A.In1021. B.In1886. C.In1991.20.Whatwillthespeaker’sgroupprobablydonext?A.Takesomephotos.B.Signcontractstomakepurchases.C.Watchamovieaboutphotography.第二部分阅读（共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AEachUSuniversityandcollegesetsitsownadmissionstandardsanddecideswhichapplicantsmeetthosestandards.Butthestepsarethesameforeach.Herearesomeofthemajorstepsyouwillfollow:TimingUniversitiesandcollegesintheUSusuallyoffertwomainacademicterms:SpringtermsrunfromJanuarytoMayandfalltermsrunfrommid-AugustorSeptembertoDecember.WhileeachUSuniversityandcollegewillhavedifferentdatesforapplyingtoprograms,applicationsubmissionsareusuallyopenandaccepted10monthsbeforetheprogramstarts.ApplicationEachinstitutionhasitsownapplicationform,andallUSuniversitieswhichacceptinternationalstudentsgiveyoutheoptiontoapplyonline.KeepinmindthatalmostallUSinstitutionshaveanapplicationfee.TakeadmissionstestsStudentsapplyingtouniversitiesandcollegesintheUSmusttakecertainexaminations(SAT,ACT,GMAT,etc.)thatmeasureachievement.InternationalstudentsmustalsotakeatestthatmeasuresEnglishlanguageproficiency.Thesetestsaregivenattestcentersaroundtheworld.Theyare“standardized",sothatstudentstakethesametestateverytestcenter.Yourscoresgivetheadmissionsofficeauniforminternationalstandardformeasuringyourabilityincomparisonwithotherstudents.ReceiveacceptancelettersAftertheapplicationdeadline,youwillbeginreceivinglettersfromyourchosenschools.Someuniversitiesinformcandidatesoftheiracceptancesoonaftertheirdocumentshavearrivedintheadmissionsoffice;thisiscalled“rollingadmissions".Otherschools,however,waitseveralmonthsandinformallcandidatesatonetime.21.Whatcanwelearnaboutapplication?A.Ithastobesubmittedinpersonaheadoftime.B.Thereisacommonly-usedapplicationform.C.Onewillbechargedforhis/herapplication.D.Itisstillavailablewhentheprogramstarts.22.WhatshouldaJapanesestudentdoifhe/shewantstoapplytoUScolleges?A.ExcelinEnglish. B.SitthetestinUS.C.Volunteerattestcenters. D.Getgoodgradesathome.23.Whichsectionofanewspaperisthistextmostlikelytakenfrom?A.Culture. B.Campus. C.Entertainment. D.Life.B“Iamsosorry,”Itearfullysaidtomyprincipalinvestigator(PI),explainingIwouldnotbeabletoreturntoworkasoriginallyplanned.BeforeIbecameaparent,Ihadassumedababywouldfitrightintomyacademicplans.Butnow,astheendofmyleaveapproached,IrealizedIcouldn’tsimplycarryonasIalwayshad.Iwasworriedthisdecisionmightsignaltheendofmyacademiccareer-butIfeltIhadnootherchoice.Thankfully,myPIhadmoreforesight.HetoldmeIdidn’tneedtoresignandthathecouldoffermeacontractthatwouldallowmetocontributetoourprojectfromafar.Itprovedtobeanabsolutecareerlifelinetailoredtome.Thenfiveyearsaftersteppingbackfromacademia，Ifeltreadytore-entermorefully.BecauseIhadbeenabletoKeepmyhandinduringmytimeaway,theprospectwasmuchlessdauntingthanitwouldhavebeenotherwise.Iendeduplandingalecturerpositionthatallowedmetoslowlyeasebackin,1ocusingonteachingandscholarshipwithresearchtakingabackseat.Andwhen,4yearson,asen1orlectureshippositioncameupintheverygroupIhadleftadecadeearlier,thetimingwasright.Withbothofmychildrenin"bigschool,"Iwasreadytoreallyputmyfootdownonthecareeraccelerator.Igotthejob.Now,6monthsintomynewrole,Iamhappytoberightwhereitallbegan,withinvolvementinsomanyinterestingprojects.ButwhattrulymadethedifferenceformewastheofferofwhatIneededduringthattimeaway.IhopemoreinstitutionsandPlscancomeupwithcreativeprovisionsforthoseintheirworkforcewhodon'twanttogiveuptheircareersbutwant-orneed-totakeextendedperiodsofleave.Andtothosewhoaretakingsuchbreaks,orconsideringit,knowthatreturningispossible.Aboveall,onbothsides:Pleasedonotdiscountextendedleavers.Wehavealottooffer-ifwearegiventhechance.24.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromthefirstparagraph?A.Shechosetosacrificeherfamilyforhercareer.B.HerpathtoPIbeganwhenshebecameaparent.C.Shestruckabalancebetweenworkandfamily.D.Shehadintendedtosticktoheracademicplans.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“daunting”inparagraph2mean?A.Realistic. B.Scary. C.Unlikely. D.Attractive.26.Whatcontributedmosttohersuccessaccordingtotheauthor?A.Supportiveworkenvironment. B.Academicresearches.C.Involvementinengagingprojects. D.Interestintheprojects.27.What'stheauthor'spurposeofwritingthepassage?A.Toanalyze. B.Toentertain. C.Topromote. D.Toreport.CPhonics,whichinvolvessoundingoutwordssyllable(音节)bysyllable,isthebestwaytoteachchildrentoread.Butinmanyclassrooms,thiscanbeadirtyword.Somuchsothatsometeachershavehadtotakephonicsteachingmaterialssecretlyintotheclassroom.MostAmericanchildrenaretaughttoreadinawaythatstudyafterstudyhasfoundtobewrong.Theconsequencesofthisarestriking.LessthanhalfofallAmericanadultswereefficientreadersin2017.Americanfourthgradersrank15thontheProgressinInternationalLiteracyStudy,aninternationalexam.Americaisstuckinadebateaboutteachingchildrentoreadthathasbeengoingonfordecades.Someadvocateteachingsymbolsoundrelationships(thesoundkcanbespelledasc,k,ck,orch)knownasphonicsOtherssupportanimmersiveapproach(usingpicturesofcattolearnthewordcat),knownas“wholelanguage”.Mostteacherstoday,almostthreeoutoffouraccordingtoasurveybyEdWeekResearchCentrein2019,useamixofthetwomethodscalled“balancedliteracy”.“Alittlephonicsisfarfromenough.”saysTenetteSmith,executivedirectorofelementaryeducationandredingatMississippi’seducationdepartment.“Ithastobesystematicandexplicitlytaught.”Mississippi,oftenbehindinsocialpolicy,hassetanexamplehere.Inastateonceblamedforitslowreadingscores,theMississippistatelegislaturepassednewliteracystandardsin2013.SincethenMississippihasseenremarkablegains.,Itsfourthgradershavemovedfrom49th(outof50states)to20thontheNationalassessmentofEducationalProgress,anationwideexam.Mississippi’ssuccessisattributedtoapplicationofreadingmethodssupportedbyabodyofresearchknownasthescienceofreading.In1997expertsfromtheDepartmentofEducationendedthe“readingwar”andsummeduptheevidence.Theyfoundthatphonics,alongwithexplicitinstructioninphonemic(音位的)awareness,fluencyandcomprehension,workedbest.Yetovertwodecadeson,“balancedliteracy”isstillbeingtaughtinclassrooms.Butadvancesinstatisticsandbrainimaginghavedisprovedthewhole-languagemethod.Totheteacherwhoisanefficientreader,literacyseemlikeanaturalprocessthatrequireseducatedguessing,ratherthanthedeliberateprocessemphasizedbyphonics.Teacherscanimaginethattheylearnedtoreadthroughosmosis(潜移默化)whentheywerechildren.Withoutpropertraining,theybringthistoclassrooms.28.WhatdowelearnaboutphonicsinmanyAmericanclassrooms?A.Itisillreputed. B.Itismostlymisapplied.C.Itistotallyignored. D.Itisseeminglycontradictory.29.WhathasAmericabeenwitnessing?A.Aburningpassionforimprovingteachingmethods.B.Alastingdebateoverhowtoteachchildrentoread.C.Anincreasingconcernwithchildren'sinadequacyinliteracy.D.Aforcefuladvocacyofacombinedmethodforteachingreading.30.What'sTenetteSmith'sattitudetowards“balancedliteracy”?A.Tolerant. B.Enthusiastic. C.Unclear. D.Disapproving.31.AccordingtotheauthorwhatcontributedtoMississippi'ssuccess?A.Focusingonthenaturalprocessratherthandeliberatetraining.B.Obtainingsupportfromotherstatestoupgradeteachingmethods.C.Adoptingscientificallygroundedapproachestoteachingreading.D.Placingsufficientemphasisuponbothfluencyandcomprehension.DMarkTemple,amedicalmolecular(分子的)biologist,usedtospendalotoftimeinhislabresearchingnewdrugsforcancertreatments.HewouldextractDNAfromcellsandthenaddadrugtoseewhereitwasbinding(结合)alongthechemicalsequence(序列).Beforeheintroducedthedrug,he’dlookatDNAcombinationonascreentoseewhatmightworkbestfortheexperiment,butthevisualreadoutofthesequenceswasoftenunimaginablylarge.SoTemplewonderediftherewasaneasierwaytodetectfavorablepatterns.IrealizedIwantedtohearthesequence,”saysTemple,whoisalsoamusician.HestartedhisownsystemofassigningnotestothedifferentelementsofDNA—humanDNAismadeoffourdistinctbases,soitwaseasytostartoffwithfournotes—andmadealittletuneoutofhismaterials.Thistrickindeedhelpedhimbetterspotpatternsinthesequences,whichallowedhimtomakebetterchoicesaboutwhichDNAcombinationstouse.Templeisn’tthefirstpersontoturnscientificdataintosound.Inthepast40years,researchershavegonefromexploringthistrickasafunwaytospotpatternsintheirstudiestousingitasaguidetodiscovery.Andthescientificcommunityhascometorealizethatthere’ssomelong-termvalueinthistypeofwork.Temple,whofromthatfirstexperimenthascreatedhisownalgorithmicsoftwaretoturndataintosound,believestheresultingmusiccanbeusedtoimproveresearchandsciencecommunication.SoTempledecidedtoaddlayersofsoundtomakethesonification(可听化)intosongs.Heseesacleardifferencebetween“sonification”and“musification”.Usingsoundtorepresentdataisscientific,butverydifferentfromusingcreativeinputtomakesongs.ThemusicalnotesfromDNAmaybemelodictothehumanear,buttheydon'tsoundlikeasongyou'dlistentoontheradio.Sowhenhetriedtosonifythevirus,headdedlayersofdrumsandguitar,andhadsomemusicianfriendsaddtheirownmusictoturnthevirusintoafull-blownpost-rocksong.Templeseesthisworkasaneffectivecommunicationtoolthatwillhelpageneralaudienceunderstandcomplexsystemsinbiology.HehasperformedhissongsinpublicatconcerthallsinAustralia.32.WhatisMarkTemple'spurposeinturningDNAdataintosound?A.Tohelphimfightboredom. B.Todevelophiscreativeability.C.Tomakehisdrugmorepowerful. D.Toaidtheprocessofhisexperiments.33.WhatcanwelearnaboutTemple'ssystem?A.Itseffectremainstobeseen. B.Itfailedtoworkasexpected.C.Itistoocomplicatedtooperate. D.Ithasproducedsatisfyingresults.34.WhydidTempletrytomakethevirussoundlikerealmusicwhensonifyingit?A.Togetridofpublicfearofthevirus.B.Toshowh1stalentinproducingmusic.C.Tofacilitatepeoplesunderstandingofscience.D.ToremindpeopleortheroeorScienceinartcreation.35.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Whyscientistsareturningmoleculesintomusic.B.Howscientistshelpthepublicunderstandscience.C.Whymusiccanbethebestwaytopresentscience.D.Howmusichelpsscientistsconducttheirresearch.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Thefearofelevatorsisactuallyoneofthemostcommonphobias(恐惧症)experiencedtoday.36Whencombinedwithotherconditions,thefearofelevatorsisveryfrequent.37Somemaybefrightenedofbeingupsohigh.Othersmaybeafraidoftheenclosedspace.Stillothersareafraidtobeclosetootherpeople.Sincesomanypeoplesufferfromthefearofelevators,theremaybesupportgroupsinsomeareas.Thesearemostcommonincitieswithlotsoftallbuildingswhereridinganelevatorisalmostimpossibletoavoidinday-to-daylife.38Usually,thefearofelevatorscanbetreated.Letsufferersvisualizeridinganelevatorandpicturetheaspectswhicharefrightening.Thentheymayberequiredtoinvolvethemselvesinthepartthatscaresthemmost.Forexample,someonewhoisafraidofheightsmaystartbyclimbingaladderoverandoveragain.39Next,theymoveontoagreaterheight,suchasclimbingatree.Astheyexperiencegreaterandgreaterlevels,theirfearmaybecomelessened.Finally,theywillbeabletoenteranelevator.Sometimesjuststeppingintoitisastart.Atothertimes,theywillbeaskedtorideupafewflights.40Buttheycanusemethodswhichworkwhenaccomplishingsmallergoals.Finally,aftermanyattempts,ridinganelevatormaynotcauseanxietyatall.A.Manyaspectsmaycausefearinsufferers.B.Bynow,youhaveidentifiedwhatscaresyoumost.C.ThiswilllikelystillcauseanxietythefirstfewtimesD.Sufferersusuallyforcethemselvestofacetheirfears.E.Theycanstopthisprocesswhenitcauseslittleanxiety.F.Intheselocations,thefearofelevatorscanaffecteverydayactivities.G.Itmaypresentitselfwithanotherfear,suchasthefearoflimitedspaces.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分)第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。MybrotherandIweredrivinghometogetherandstartedtalking.Becauseofthis401,mybrothertookawrongturn.42,thewrongturntookustowardabridgeand,wehadnowayofturningback.Mybrotherhadto43tocross.Hewasclearlyfrustratedbythemistakeandthe44wasteof$4.Aswedroveforward,mybrother45anoldblackMustang(福特野马汽车)whichpulledovertothesideoftheroad.Ayoungguywasstandingnearbytryingtophonesomeone.Iwasbusytryingtofigureoutwhichwaywewentnextbutmybrother46andaskedtheguyifheneededanyhelp.Andhedid.Hehada47tire.Mybrotherhelpedhimchangetheflat.Westartedgettingtoknowtheyoungmanhadabadweek;earlierhehadgottenintoaminorcaraccident,andnowthis48onhiswayhomefromwork.Buthecalledus“a49offreshair"andkeptthankingusbecausehereallywouldhavebeen50ifwehadn’tcomealong.Afterwehadfinishedthejob,hepulledout$20togiveus.“No,”Isaid."Wewereneversupposedtoevengetonthatbridge.Wetookawrong51.Butnowweknowwhywedid.Itwasto52you.Thankyouforturningourmistakeintoa53toserve.”What54memostwasmybrotherscalmmindandopenmind.Hewasabletoseeachancetohelp(whichItotallymissed!)eveninanotherwisenegative55.41.A.distraction B.recreation C.participation D.introduction42.A.Inefficiently B.Unnecessarily C.Impractically D.Unfortunately43.A.pretend B.pay C.struggle D.wait44.A.needless B.unreasonable C.abnormal D.irregular45.A.powered B.repaired C.started D.spotted46.A.discovered B.relaxed C.stopped D.phoned47.A.front B.flat C.used D.spare48.A.problem B.discovery C.ignorance D.decision49.A.sacrifice B.breath C.journey D.dream50.A.hurt B.lost C.tired D.stuck51.A.bus B.picture C.turn D.seat52.A.assist B.instruct C.sponsor D.approach53.A.rule B.chance C.plan D.belief54.A.changed B.shocked C.impressed D.encouraged55.A.thought B.relationship C.situation D.effect第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ChinaMobile,theworld'slargesttelecomcarrierbymobilesubscribers,hassuccessfullylaunchedtheworld’sfirstsatellitetotest6Garchitecture，56(mark)amilestoneinitseffortstoexploreintegratedspaceandgroundcommunicationtechnology.Thelow-earthorbittestsatelliteistheworld'sfirsttoemploy6Gdesignarchitecture,andit57(launch)onSaturdayalongwithanothersatellitethatcomeswithChinaMobile’s5Gtechnology.The6Gtestsatellite58(host)adistributedautonomousarchitecturefor6G,whichwasjointlydevelopedbyChinaMobileandtheChineseAcademyofSciences’InnovationAcademyforMicrosatellites.Thesystem,usingdomesticsoftwareandhardware,supportsin-orbitsoftwarereconstruction,flexibledeploymentofcorenetworkfunctions59automatedmanagement,enhancingtheefficiencyand60(reliable)ofthein-orbitoperationofthesatellitecorenetwork,ChinaMobilesaid.江苏省海安高级中学景苏华QQ:771515126Setatanorbitheightofapproximately500kilometers,theseexperimentalsatellitesofferadvantagessuchaslowlatencyandhighdatatransferrates61(compare)withhigh-orbitsatellites62travelat36,000kilometers.Positionedas63crucialplatformforfutureintegratedspaceandgroundnetworks,low-earthorbitsatellitescanaddresstelecomsignalcoveragegapsinterrestrialmobilenetworks,providinghigherbandwidthsatelliteinternetservices64(systematic),accordingtoChinaMobile.ChinaMobilesaid65planstoconductin-orbitexperimentsbasedonthesetestsatellites,acceleratingtheintegrationanddevelopmentofspace-to-groundtechnologyindustries.第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节（满分15分)假如你是李华，你校将举办十八岁成人仪式，请代表学生会出一则通知，内