河南省十所名校高中毕业班尖子生第二次考试英语试题

河南省十所名校2021届高中毕业班尖子生第二次考试英语试题考生注意：1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1．5分，满分7．5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whattimedoesthewomanusuallyhavebreakfast?A.Atabout10:00.B.Atabout8:00.C.Atabout7:00.2.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodofirst?A.Gototherestaurant.B.Buysomething.C.Gototheconcert.3.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Shopassistantandcustomer.B.Shopassistantandmanager.C.Daughterandfather.4.WhatdidthegirldolastSunday?A.Shestayedwithhermotherathome.B.Shelefthermotheralone.C.Sheattendedaparty.5.WhatdidthewomanbuyherbrotherforChristmas?A.Awatch.B.Abook.C.Acase.第二节（共15小题；每小题1．5分，满分22．5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Wherearethespeakersmostprobablytalking?A.Atahotel.B.Attheboy’shome.C.Inthedininghallofauniversity.7.WhatcanwelearnabouttheboyandKate?A.Theyaregoodfriends.B.Theyareclassmates.C.TheyareKorean.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whenshouldthemangetup?A.At5:00.B.At6:00.C.At6:30.9.Whydoesthemangetupearly?A.Hewantstogetthetickets.B.Hewantstomakethewomanhappy.C.Hewantstospendmoretimetogetherwiththewoman.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Wherewillthespeakershavedinnerthatnight?A.Inthehotel.B.Atanairport.C.Inarestaurantnearby.11.Whatkindoffoodaretheygoingtoeat?A.Englishfood.B.Chinesefood.C.Frenchfood.12.Howmanyseatswillthewomanorder?A.Two.B.Four.C.Five.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatisthewomangoingtodo?A.Takeamathclass.B.Gobicycling.C.Goswimming.14.Whycan’tthemangowiththewoman?A.HemustspeakwithProfessorSmith.B.Hehastofinishapaper.C.Hehastotakeamathtest.15.Whatdoesthemanhavetowriteabout?A.Managementoflibrary.B.Apoem.C.Ahistoryessay.16.Whatdoesthewomanoffertodofortheman?A.Teachhimhowtowriteapoem.B.Helphimwithhiscoursework.C.Reviewthelastexamwithhim.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhatdidMarkTwainlikedoing?AWritingjokes.B.Givingtalks.C.Playingjokes.18.WhodidMarkTwainmeetatlunchoneday?A.Afriend.B.Hisbrother.C.Histeacher.19.WhatdidtheyoungmantellMarkTwainabouthisuncle?A.Henevercried.B.Heneverlaughed.C.Henevertalked.20.WhydidMarkTwainstopintheend?A.Hewasdisappointed.B.Hewasill.C.Hewassleepy.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AConsumerElectronicsShow（CES）istheglobalstagewheretheworld’snextgenerationinventionsareintroducedtowardsthemarketplace,andlotsofpaniesareparticipating.Hereareseveraloftheamazinginventionsthatwereintroducedattheshowin2020.AugustWiFiSmartLockIt’sanintelligentdoorlocktoprotectyourhome,anditworksonWiFi.Thelockdoesn’trequireanyadditionalhardwaretoattachtoitandcanbeusedwiththeexistingdoorlock.Theownercanremotelyaccessthedoorfromanywheretolockorunlockandcanprovideguestkeystofamilyorfriends.Itkeepsstatisticsandrecordsofyourdoor’slocks,unlocks,andwhohavevisited.MotionPillowIt’sapillowdevelopedforanyonewhohasasnoring（打鼾）problem.Thesolutionboxdetects,records,andanalysesthesleepingperson’ssnoringpatterns.Bychangingtheinternalairbag’spressure,itfixesthepositionofthesleepingperson’sneckandheadgentlytoimprovetheirbreathing.Threelayersofnoisereducingmaterialminimizetheuser’ssleepingdisturbance.AōAirIt’sahightechfacecoveringwearableairpurifierwithnotightsealonthemouthandnose.Thepurifierpullsairinsidethroughafiltration（过滤）processandusesfanstocreateacleanareainfrontofthedevice.It’sdesignedinsuchawaythatitcancleanmorethan98%ofPM2.5throughfiltration.TransparentHoodThepanyContinentalshowedoffthisrevolutionaryinventionatCES2020thatgottheBestVehicleIntelligenceandTransportationAward.It’satechnologythatgivesthedrivertheabilitytoseebarriersandblindspotsfromthedrivingseat.Fourcamerastakesurroundingpicturessothatthedrivercanseetherealtimeblindspotsandpreventevenparkingdamagetoo.1.What’sthepurposeofthetext?A.ToshowthewidepopularityofCES.B.ToadvertiseaglobalstagecalledCES.C.Topredictsomenextgenerationinventions.D.TointroducesomeinventionsatCES2020.2.Accordingtothetext,AugustWiFiSmartLock________.A.hasastoragefunctionB.servesonlyitsownerC.isuncontrollablefromfarawayD.requiresextrahardwaretowork3.Whatcanbeknownfromthetext?A.AugustWiFiSmartLockhe]psimprovethefortofhomes.B.AōAirproducespletelypollutionfreeairforitsusers.C.TransparentHoodhelpsmakedrivingsaferandeasier.D.MotionPillowcontributestofightingagainstsleeplessness.【答案】1.D2.A3.C【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了2020年消费者电子产品展览会上展出的几项令人惊叹的发明的相关信息。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据全文尤其是第一段“Hereareseveraloftheamazinginventionsthatwereintroducedattheshowin2020.（以下是2020年展览会上引进的几项令人惊叹的发明。）”可知，文章的目的是介绍2020年消费者电子产品展览会上展出的几项令人惊叹的发明的相关信息。故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据AugustWiFiSmartLock介绍中的“Itkeepsstatisticsandrecordsofyourdoor'slocks,unlocks,andwhohavevisited.（它能记录你家的门锁上、开锁以及访客等相关记录和数据。）”可以推断，八月WiFi智能锁具有存储功能。故选A项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据TransparentHood介绍中的“It'satechnologythatgivesthedrivertheabilitytoseebarriersandblindspotsfromthedrivingseat.Fourcamerastakesurroundingpicturessothatthedrivercanseetherealtimeblindspotsandpreventevenparkingdamagetoo.（这项技术使驾驶员能够从驾驶席上看到障碍物和盲点。四个摄像头可以拍摄周围的照片，这样司机就可以看到实时的盲点，甚至可以防止停车损坏。）”由此可以推断，透明的车篷使驾驶更安全、更容易。故选C项。BLaungiBhuiyan,apensionerfromtheIndianstateofBihar,hasbeeknownas“CanalMan”afteritwasdiscoveredthathespent30yearsofhislifedigginga3kilometerlongwatercanal,allbyhimself,usinghandtools.TheremotevillageofKothilawaissurroundedbyforestsandmountains.Duringtherainyseasonthewaterfallingfromthemountainsusedtoflowstraightintoariverflowingthroughthearea,buteversinceLaungiBhuiyanpletedhis3kmlongcanal,it’sbeencollectedinapondnearthevillage,allowinglocalstoraiseanimalsandevenirrigatecrops,withoutworryingaboutwatershortages.Eversincewordofhisimpressiveachievementsstartedspreadingonsocialmedia,Bhuiyanhasbeennicknamed“CanalMan”.ATwitterusersharedhisunbelievablestoryandcalledIndianbillionaireAnandMahindra,askinghimifhewouldsupporttheKothilawaherobymakingatractoravailabletohim.“IthinkhiscanalisasimpressiveamonumentastheTajorthePyramids.I’dconsideritanhonortohavehimusemytractor,”thebillionairereplied.WhilemanyhavetakentosocialmediatopraiseLaungiBhuiyanforhisperseverance（毅力）,somesaidthathadtheGovernmentdonethejobitwassupposedto,theKothilawamanneedn’thaveworkedhardfordecades,andlocalswouldhavebenefitedfromthewatercanalmuchsooner.Otherswentasfarastosuggesthisworkberecognized,andthathebeprovidedwithpensation.4.Whydidn’tLaungiBhuiyanmoveawayfromKothilawawithothervillagers?A.Hedidn’twanttohavehiswayoflifechanged.B.Hehadgreatdifficultymakingalivingelsewhere.C.Hedecidedtofixtheproblemofwatershortageshimself.D.Hewouldn’tseparatefromthevillagehe’dlivedinfordecades.5.What’sthemainfunctionofthecanaldugbyLaungiBhuiyan?A.Irrigatingcropsandraisinganimals.BChannelingrainwaterintothepond.C.Transportingwaterfromanearbyriver.D.Storingrainwaterduringtherainyseason.6.WhatdoAnandMahindra’swordsinparagraph4reflect?A.HethoughthighlyofLaungiBhuiyan.B.LaungiBhuiyan’scanalisaplaceofinterest.C.HewouldpletethecanalwithLaungiBhuiyan.D.HistractorwouldgreatlyeaseLaungiBhuiyan’slabour.7.Whatdoesthelastparagraphimply?A.LaungiBhuiyanwouldbepensatedwiththehelpofsocialmedia.B.ThereweredifferentvoicesonLaungiBhuiyan’sdecadeslongwork.C.LaungiBhuiyan’sworkwashighlyrecognizedbyIndianauthorities.D.AllpeoplewerenotsatisfiedwithIndianauthorities’performance.【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.D【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。印度一个名叫LaungiBhuiyan的人为了解决村子缺水的问题，用了三十年的时间就挖了一条三公里长的运河，他也因此被人称为“CanalMan”。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“TheremotevillageofKothilawahadalwayssufferedwatershortages...LaungiBhuiyanmadeuphismindtotakemattersintohisownhands，sohestayedbehind”可知，Kothilawa村一直都缺水，很多村民都搬离了村子，但LaungiBhuiyan没有跟其他人一样搬离村子，而是下定决心自己解决这个问题，于是他留了下来。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“Duringtherainyseason，thewaterfallingfromthemountainsusedtoflowstraightintoariverflowingthroughthearea,buteversinceLaungiBhuiyanpletedhis3kmlongcanal,it'sbeencollectedinapondnearthevillage”可知，在雨季，从山上流下的水曾经直接流入经过该地区的河流，但自从LaungiBhuiyan完成了他3公里长的运河后，水就被收集在村子附近的池塘里。由此可知，LaungiBhuiyan挖的运河的主要功能是将山上的雨水引入到村子附近的池塘里。故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段中AnandMahindra所说的“IthinkhiscanalisasimpressiveamonumentastheTajorthePyramids.I'dconsideritanhonortohavehimusemytractor”可知，他认为LaungiBhuiyan的运河就像泰姬陵和金字塔一样，是一座令人印象深刻的纪念碑，让LaungiBhuiyan用他的拖拉机是他的荣幸。由此可以推断，他高度赞扬LaungiBhuiyan。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“somesaidthathadtheGovernmentdonethejobitwassupposedto,theKothilawamanneedn'thaveworkedhardfordecades,andlocalswouldhavebenefitedfromthewatercanalmuchsooner”可知，有人说，如果政府本应该完成它应该完成的工作，那么LaungiBhuiyan就无需努力工作了几十年，当地人也会更快从水渠中受益。由此可以推断，并不是所有人都对印度当权者的表现感到满意。故选D。CThehighAndesmountainsofPeruareahummingbirds’paradise（蜂鸟的天堂）,richinwildflowernectar（花蜜）andlowinnaturalenemies.Butthere’soneproblem:thecold.Nighttimetemperaturesoftendipbelowfreezingintheserainytropicalhighlands.Howdoesasixgrambirdthatneedsnectarfrom500flowersadayjusttosurvivegetenoughextraenergytokeepitselfwarmallnight?Itdoesn’t.Instead,astemperaturesdrop,thesehummingbirdsenterastateknownastorpor（冬眠）.Onespecies,theblackmetaltail,coolsto3.26℃,thecoldestbodytemperatureeverrecordedinabirdornonhibernatingmammal（非冬眠的哺乳动物）,researchersreportinBiologyLetters.“They’recoldasarock,”saysBlairWolf,aphysiologicalecologistattheUniversityofNewMexicoinAlbuquerque.“Ifyoudidn’tknowbetter,you’dthinktheyweredead.Coolingtoneardeathtemperaturesletsthehummingbirdssavepreciousenergy,allowingthemtosurvivethecoldnightandgetreadytofeedthenextday.”Standingupright,thebirdspointedtheirbillsupwards,loosenedtheirfeathersandstoppedmoving.Allofthespeciesenteredsomekindoftorpor,buttheblackmetaltailcooledthemost,droppingfromadaytimetemperatureofabout40℃tojustabovefreezing.“Duringtheday,thesehummingbirds’heartscanbeat1,200timesaminutetopowertheircrazylifestyle.Butduringtorpor,theirheartratesdroptoaslowas40beatsaminute.It’sanastonishingdrop,”Wolfsays,“anditcouldallowthesehighaltitudebirdstocuttheirenergyusebyabout95percent.Bynotwastingenergytryingtostaywarm,thesebirdscanliveashighas5,000metersabovesealevel.”Whenthesunbeginstorise,thehummingbirdsstartwarmingaboutadegreeaminutebyshakingtheirmuscles.“Youseethebirdtremblingthere,thenallofasuddenitseyespopopenandit’sreadytogo,”Wolfsays.8.WhatmakesAndesmountainsaperfectlivingplaceforhummingbirds?A.Itshighaltitude. B.Itsclimateconditions.C.Itsanimalspeciesdiversity. D.Itsabundanceofwildflowers.9.Howdoestheblackmetaltailhummingbirdsurvivecoldnights?A.Byfreezingitselfnearlysolid. B.Byeatingenoughnectarbeforedusk.C.Bystoppingbreathingandheartbeats. D.Byhidingitsbillinitsloosenedfeathers.10.WhatdoWolf’swordsreflectaboutthehummingbirds?A.Theytrembleforwarmthatnight. B.Theyconsumenoenergyatnight.C.Theyarequiteadaptive. D.Theyhaveabigheart.11.Thehummingbird’swarmingprocess_________.A.endsbeforesunrise B.takes40minutesorsoC.isratherdifficult D.happenswithitseyesopen【答案】8.D9.A10.C11.B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。秘鲁的安第斯山脉是蜂鸟的天堂，那里有着丰富的野生花蜜，且鲜有蜂鸟的天敌，唯一的问题是晚上非常寒冷。为了生存，蜂鸟在晚上把自己的体温几乎降至冰点以减少能量的消耗。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“ThehighAndesmountainsofPeruareahummingbird'sparadise（蜂鸟的天堂），richinwildflowernectar”可知，秘鲁的安第斯山脉是蜂鸟的天堂，那里有着丰富的野生花蜜，即安第斯山脉有大量的野生花。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Instead,astemperaturesdrop,thesehummingbirdsenterastateknownastorpor（冬眠）.（相反，随着温度下降，这些蜂鸟进入一种被称为“冬眠”的状态。）”，第三段““They’recoldasarock,（他们冷得像块石头）”和第四段内容“Allofthespeciesenteredsomekindoftorpor,buttheblackmetaltailcooledthemost,droppingfromadaytimetemperatureofabout40℃tojustabovefreezing.（所有的物种都进入了某种休眠状态，但黑色金属尾蜂鸟的体温下降得最快，从白天的40℃左右降至冰点以上。）”可知，为了顺利度过寒冷的夜晚，蜂鸟把自己的体温降至几乎跟石头一样。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第五段中Wolf所说的话“Duringtheday,thesehummingbirds’heartscanbeat1,200timesaminutetopowertheircrazylifestyle.Butduringtorpor,theirheartratesdroptoaslowas40beatsaminute.It’sanastonishingdrop,”可知：白天，蜂鸟的心脏每分钟跳动1200次，但在晚上，它们的心率会降到每分钟40下。这是一个惊人的下降，它可以让这些生活在高海拔地区的鸟类减少95%的能量消耗。为了不浪费能量用于保暖，这些鸟可以生活在海拔5000米的地方。由此可以推断，蜂鸟的适应性很强。故选C。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“droppingfromadaytimetemperatureofabout40℃tojustabovefreezing（从白天的摄氏40度左右降至冰点以上）”和文章最后一段中的“thehummingbirdsstartwarmingaboutadegreeaminute（蜂鸟开始每分钟升温1度）”可以推断，蜂鸟的变暖过程大约需要四十分钟。故选B。DChildrenwhosefathersmaketimetoplaywiththemfromaveryyoungagemayfinditeasiertocontroltheirbehaviourandemotionsastheygrowup,researchsuggests.Althoughtherearemanysimilaritiesbetweenfathersandmothers,thefindingssuggestthatfathersparticipateinmorephysicalplayevenwiththeyoungestchildren.Thisseemstohelpchildrenlearntocontroltheirfeelings.Itmayalsomakethembetteratsupervisingtheirownbehaviourlateron.PaulRamchandani,professorofPlayinEducation,DevelopmentandLearningattheUniversityofCambridge,said,“It’simportantnottooverstatetheinfluenceoffatherchildplayastherearelimitstowhattheresearchcantellus,butitdoesseemthatchildrenwhogetareasonableamountofplaytimewiththeirfatherbenefitasagroup.”Parentchildplayinthefirstyearsoflifeisknowntosupportbasicsocial,cognitiveandmunicationskills,butmostresearchfocusesonmothersandbabies.TheCambridgereviewuseddatafrom78studies,undertakenbetween1977and2017—mostoftheminEuropeorNorthAmerica.Theresearchersanalysedthebinedinformationforpatternsabouthowoftenfathersandchildrenplaytogether,thenatureofthatplay,andanypossiblelinkwithchildren’sdevelopment.Inalmostallthestudiessurveyed,therewasaconsistentrelationbetweenfatherchildplayandchildren’ssubsequentabilitytocontroltheirfeelings.Childrenwhoenjoyedhighqualityplaytimewiththeirfatherswerelesslikelytoexhibitemotionalandbehavioralproblems.Theyalsoappearedtobebetteratcontrollingtheiraggression,andlesslikelytoattackotherchildrenduringdisagreementsatschool.“Physicalplaycreatesfun,excitingsituationsinwhichchildrenhavetoapplyselfcontrol,”Ramchandanisaid.“Youmighthavetocontrolyourstrength.It’sasafeenvironmentinwhichchildrencanpractisehowtorespond.Iftheyreactthewrongway,theymightgettoldoff,butit’snottheendoftheworld—andnexttimetheymightremembertobehavedifferently.”12.Theunderlinedword“supervising”inparagraph2isclosestinmeaningto________.A.acknowledging B.regulatingC.exhibiting D.understanding13.WhichofthefollowingstatementswouldPaulRamchandaniprobablyagreewith?A.Fatherchildplayisextremelyinfluential.B.Theresearchstillhasspaceforimprovement.C.Fathersneedn’tcorrectchildren’sbehaviouratplay.D.Physicalplayshouldbecarriedoutwithgreatcaution.14.WhatdoesthetextsayabouttheCambridgereview?A.Itlastedformorethanfourdecades.B.Itfocusedonearlyparentchildplay.C.Itmadefulluseofothers’researchfruits.D.Itstressedtheimportanceofthelengthofplaytime.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ToDevelopSelfControllableChildren,PlaywithThemB.PlayingEnablesChildrentoImproveTheirSelfControlC.PlayingTogetherMayBenefitFatherChildRelationshipD.PlaytimewithDadMayImproveChildren’sSelfControl【答案】12.B13.B14.C15.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了研究发现和爸爸一起玩耍可能有助于提高孩子的自控力。【12题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Thisseemstohelpchildrenlearntocontroltheirfeelings.”（这似乎能帮助孩子们学会控制自己的感情。）可知，上文提到的是控制情绪，这也可能让他们能更好地__________自己以后的行为。由此可以猜测，画线词最有可能意为“管理；控制”。故选B项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段中PaulRamchandani所说的句子“It’simportantnottooverstatetheinfluenceoffatherchildplayastherearelimitstowhattheresearchcantellus,butitdoesseemthatchildrenwhogetareasonableamountofplaytimewiththeirfatherbenefitasagroup.”（“重要的是，不要夸大父亲与孩子玩耍的影响，因为研究能告诉我们的也有限，但似乎孩子们如果能与父亲合理地玩耍，作为一个群体就会受益。”）可知，他认为不要夸大父子游戏的影响，因为研究所能告诉我们的是有限的，但是父子游戏的影响还是有的。由此可以推断，PaulRamchandani会同意“该研究还有提升的空间”这一说法。故选B项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据文章地四段地二句“TheCambridgereviewuseddatafrom78studies,undertakenbetween1977and2017”（剑桥大学的这篇综述使用了1977年至2017年间进行的78项研究的数据）可知，它充分利用了他人的研究成果。故选C项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据文章第一段“Childrenwhosefathersmaketimetoplaywiththemfromaveryyoungagemayfinditeasiertocontroltheirbehaviourandemotionsastheygrowup”（如果孩子的父亲在他们很小的时候就抽出时间和他们一起玩，他们长大后会发现更容易控制自己的行为和情绪）可知，本文主要是介绍和爸爸一起玩耍可能有助于提高孩子的自控力。故选D项。【点睛】第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Mostpeoplewanttogethealthierandlookyounger,yettheycan’tseemtofindthetimeforit.___16___However,itdoesrequireasmallamountofmitmentandabigloveforbeingrefreshed.Herearesometipsforhealthyliving:●Enjoyaglassofwaterfirstthinginthemorning.Ifyouhaven’tgottimeforanythingelseinthemorning,maketimetodrinkabigglassofwater.___17___Torefreshourcells,weneedtosupplythemwithwaterandoxygen.Drinkaglassofwaterandwithinaweekyouwillbegintofeellesstired.●Grabafewfreshfruitsonyourwayout.Whereveryouaregoing—whetheritisawalkordrivetothesupermarketoronyourwaytoameeting—pickuponeortwofruitsandeatthem.Ifyouleaveforworkinthemorninganddon’treturnuntilevening,takeafewfruitsandeatthemthroughouttheday.___18___●Dodeepbreathing.Whenyou’vegottime—atyourdesk,drivingthecar,cookingfood—dosomedeepbreathing.Exchangeofoxygenandcarbondioxideisoneofthebestthingswecandoforourbloodandcells.●___19___Ifyouworkinanoffice,getupevery30minutesandgoforawalk.Ifyouhaveanofficewithstairs,runupanddownthestairseverycoupleofhours.Getyourbloodflowingandyourmusclesmoving.●Eatahandfulofnuts.Getyourfavoriteselectionofnutsbeforeyouleavehomeforworkandhaveabighandfulofthemataround3pm.___20___A.Exerciseonthego.B.Watchoutfortravel.C.It’salwayshardatthebeginning.D.Welosealotofoxygenthroughthenight.E.Actually,healthylivingdoesn’thavetobehard.F.Thishelpstoincreaseafternoonenergyandproductivity.G.Theirnutrients,vitaminsandsugarsarewhatourbodyrequires.【答案】16.E17.D18.G19.A20.F【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章对如何变得更健康、看起来更年轻进行了详细说明。【详解】1.前文“Mostpeoplewanttogethealthierandlookyounger,yettheycan’tseemtofindthetimeforit.”（大多数人都想变得更健康，看起来更年轻，然而他们似乎找不到时间去做。）对应选项E中的healthyliving，后文“However,itdoesrequireasmallamountofmitmentandabigloveforbeingrefreshed.”（然而，它确实需要少量的投入和对变得焕然一新的热爱。）中的it代指选项E中的healthyliving，选项E“Actually,healthylivingdoesn’thavetobehard.”（事实上，健康的生活并不一定很难。）和后文构成转折关系，对应转折词However。所以选项E切合文意。故选E。2.后文“Torefreshourcells,weneedtosupplythemwithwaterandoxygen.”（为了让我们的细胞焕然一新，我们需要给它们提供水和氧气。）对应选项D“Welosealotofoxygenthroughthenight.”（我们在夜间会失去很多氧气。）。所以选项D切合文意。alotofoxygen对应oxygen。故选D。3.选项G中的Their指代前文“Ifyouleaveforworkinthemorninganddon’treturnuntilevening,takeafewfruitsandeatthemthroughouttheday.”（如果你早上去上班，直到晚上才回来，那一整天都吃一些水果。）中的fruits，水果中富含营养、维他命和糖分，对应选项G中的“nutrients,vitaminsandsugars”。所以选项G切合文意。故选G。4.此处位于段落句首，根据其它段落首句的句式，此处应为祈使句，且后文“Ifyouworkinanoffice,getupevery30minutesandgoforawalk.Ifyouhaveanofficewithstairs,runupanddownthestairseverycoupleofhours.Getyourbloodflowingandyourmusclesmoving.”（如果你在办公室工作，每30分钟站起来走走。如果你的办公室有楼梯，那么每隔几个小时就在楼梯上跑上跑下。让你的血液流动，肌肉运动。）表明此处是指在办公室锻炼，对应选项A中的Exercise。所以选项A“Exerciseonthego.”（边走边锻炼）为本段的标题。故选A。5.前文“Getyourfavoriteselectionofnutsbeforeyouleavehomeforworkandhaveabighandfulofthemataround3pm.”（在你离开家去上班之前拿一些你最喜欢的坚果，下午3点左右吃一大把。）对应选项F中的“increaseafternoonenergyandproductivity”（提高下午的精力和效率），选项F中的this指代前文中提及的“下午三点左右吃一大把坚果”。所以选项F（这有助于提高下午的精力和工作效率。）切合文意。故选F。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1．5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Thewinterhadbeenlongandboring.I___21___neededabreak,soIdecidedtobookatriptotheCaribbeanwithafriend.IwasplanningmytripduringlunchbreakwhenIwas___22___ofthenewsthatIwasfired.___23___mytripwasn’tagoodoption,asIneededitnowmorethanever.Thenightbeforemytrip,Ihadadreamthatmyfriendcametopickmeuptogototheairport.Ihadtwosuitcasesatthedoor—onewas___24___andtheotherwasempty.WhenIreachedtheairport,I___25___I’dbroughttheemptyone.WhenIwokeup,I___26___thisdreamtomeanthatIwasleavingallofmy“baggage”behind—andIdid.Ienjoyedmy___27___morethananyothersI’dtaken.Havinghadtimeanddistancefrommyworkbreakupandadreamabout___28___myoldbaggage,Iwaslookingforwardtoreturningandstartingthenextchapterofmylife.IknewIwasn’tgoingtoobtaina___29___rightaway,soIattemptedtodooneofthethingsIlovedbutneverhad___30___todo:writing.I’dneverpublishedanythingbefore,butIwantedtohavea___31___.Iwroteafewpieces.Mostamateurswould___32___smallerpublications,butIsentthemtothebigger,wellknownones.Afterseveralnonresponsesand___33___,myeffortspaidoff.ThemostreadnewspaperinCanada___34___topublishoneofmytravelstories.NowIworkfulltimeasa(n)___35___andhavepublishedarticlesinanumberofNorthAmericanmagazines.Getting___36___wasalifealteringexperienceformethatcouldhavebeen___37___.I’llbethefirsttoadmitthatitwasdifficultto___38___.ButtherewassomethingaboutthedreamIhadafterithappened.Thatdream,inwhichI___39___carriedonwithanemptysuitcase,helpedmeputeverythingbehindmeandmademe___40___topursuenewcareers.21.A.abruptly B.slightly C.desperately D.frequently22.A.accused B.convinced C.reminded D.informed23.A.Canceling B.Enjoying C.Arranging D.Continuing24.A.marked B.equipped C.packed D.decorated25.A.suspected B.realized C.announced D.remembered26.A.interpreted B.chose C.acplished D.advised27.A.sleep B.hobby C.work D.vacation28.A.storing B.handling C.discovering D.removing29.A.position B.certificate C.promotion D.pensation30.A.money B.time C.interest D.patience31.A.favor B.chance C.lesson D.try32.A.approach B.grasp C.evaluate D.recognize33.A.recreations B.restrictions C.rejections D.regulations34.A.afforded B.agreed C.managed D.promised35.A.speaker B.amateur C.designer D.writer36.A.hurt B.defeated C.unemployed D.ignored37.A.disastrous B.invalid C.ridiculous D.meaningless38.A.leaveoff B.gothrough C.figureout D.keepback39.A.ambitiously B.happily C.stubbornly D.deliberately40.A.proud B.lucky C.confident D.curious【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.C25.B26.A27.D28.D29.A30.B31.D32.A33.C34.B35.D36.C37.A38.B39.B40.C【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者正计划跟朋友一起去加勒比海旅行时却突然被解雇了，去旅游的前一天晚上，作者做了一个梦，暗示作者要甩掉包袱，勇往直前，追求新的事业。【21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我非常需要休息一下，所以我决定和一个朋友预定去加勒比海的旅行。A.abruptly突然地；B.slightly些微地；C.desperately非常，绝望地；D.frequently频繁地。结合后文“neededabreak,soIdecidedtobookatriptotheCaribbeanwithafriend.”可知作者因为非常需要休息，所以决定去旅行。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我被告知我被解雇的消息时，我正利用午休时间计划我的旅行。A.accused控告；B.convinced说服；C.reminded提醒；D.informed通知，告知。结合后文“ofthenewsthatIwasfired.”可知作者被告知自己被解雇了，beinformedof“被告知”。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：取消旅行不是一个好的选择，因为我现在比任何时候都需要它。A.Canceling取消；B.Enjoying欣赏；C.Arranging安排；D.Continuing继续。结合后文“mytripwasn’tagoodoption,asIneededitnowmorethanever”可知作者被解雇了，需要旅行来放松，所以不应该取消旅行。故选A。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：门口有两个箱子，一个收拾好了，另一个空着。A.marked显著的；B.equipped装备齐全的；C.packed打包好的；D.decorated装饰的。结合后文中“Iwasleavingallofmy“baggage”behind”可知两个箱子，有一个是收拾好了行李的，故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我到达机场时，我意识到我带的是空的。A.suspected怀疑；B.realized意识到；C.announced宣布；D.remembered记得。结合后文中“I’dbroughttheemptyone”可知作者意识到自己带的是空箱子。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我醒来的时候，我把这个梦解读为我把所有的“包袱”都抛在脑后了——我确实做到了。A.interpreted解读，理解；B.chose选择；C.acplished完成；D.advised建议。结合后文“thisdreamtomeanthatIwasleavingallofmy“baggage”behind—andIdid”可知，作者把梦解读为把所有的“包袱”都抛在脑后。故选A。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的假期比我休过的任何一个都要愉快。A.sleep睡觉；B.hobby爱好；C.work工作；D.vacation假期。对应上文“Iwasplanningmytrip”指作者的假期。故选D。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有了工作后，我有了时间和距离，也有了消除过去包袱梦，我期待着回归，开始我人生的下一个篇章。A.storing储存；B.handling处理；C.discovering发现；D.removing消除，去除。结合上文“Iwasleavingallofmy“baggage”behind”可知这个梦就是提示作者消除和摆脱过去的包袱。故选D。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道我不可能马上找到一份工作，所以我尝试着做一件我喜欢但一直没有时间做的事情：写作。A.position工作，职位；B.certificate证书；C.promotion晋升；D.pensation补偿。结合第一段中“Iwasfired.”可知作者被解雇了，因此此处指不可能马上找到一份工作。故选A。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道我不可能马上得到一份工作，所以我尝试着做一件我喜欢但一直没有时间做的事情：写作。A.money钱；B.time时间；C.interest兴趣；D.patience耐心。结合上文“IattemptedtodooneofthethingsIlovedbutneverhad”可知作者一直想做，但因为之前有工作，没时间去做的事情。故选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我以前从未发表过任何东西，但我想试一试。A.favor帮助；B.chance机会；C.lesson课程；D.try尝试。根据后文“Iwroteafewpieces.”可知作者想尝试开始写作。haveatry“尝试”。故选D。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：大多数业余爱好者会去找小出版社，但我把他们送到了更大、更知名的出版社。A.approach接洽，靠近；B.grasp抓住；C.evaluate评估；D.recognize认识。结合后文“smallerpublications”可知此处指业余写作爱好者找小出版社接洽出版的事情。