河北省张家口市2022-2023学年高二年级上册期末考试英语试题

张家口市2022-2023学年度高二年级第一学期期末考试

英语

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改

动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在

本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂

到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题;每小题L5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选

项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅

读一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.

答案是C。

l.Howdidthemancome?

A.Byplane.B.Bycar.C.Bybus.

2.Whafsthewoman'ssuggestiontotheman?

A.Preparingfortheexam.

B.Listeningtothelecture.

C.Checkingthelibrarydesk.

3.WhatdoesJuliawanttobecome?

A.Ateacher.B.Adancer.C.Awriter.

4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Athome.B.Inasciencelab.C.Inapetclinic.

5.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?

A.Buysomesouvenirs.B.Returntothehotel.C.Meetsomeone.

第二节（共15小题;每小题L5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项

中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后,

各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.Whydoesthemanlookunwell?

A.Helackssleep.B.Hefeelsalittlesick.C.Heistiredfromthecourses.

7.Whattimeisitnow?

A.1:20p.m.B.l:50p.m.C.2:00p.m.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8.Whatcolortrousersdoesthemanwant?

A.Gray.B.Blue.C.Black.

9.Whafstheman'sdecision?

A.Tobuywooltrousers.B.Tovisitanothershop.C.Toleavehisphonenumber.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10.Whichplacewillthemanprobablyvisit?

A.MexicoCity.B.Florida.C.Havana.

11.Howmanypointscanthemanget?

A.5,000.B.10,000.C.20,000.

12.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Workmates.B.Ticketsellerandbuyer.C.Travelagentandcustomer.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13.Whydoesthewomanhavetostayathome?

A.Sheisstuckathomebytherain.

B.Sheispreparingforabirthdayparty.

C.Sheiswillingtocookforgrandparents.

14.Whatwillthewomandonate?

A.Herclothes.B.Herbike.C.Somefood.

15.Whatisthemangoingtodonext?

A.TalktoJenny.B.Invitegrandparents.C.Donatesomemoney.

16.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Ayardsale.B.Aninvitation.C.Abirthdayplan.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17.Whatisthethemeofthistrip?

A.History.B.Literature.C.Architecture.

18.WhyisLondonchosen?

A.Thepriceofticketsisreasonable.

BTheCOVID-19virusisconsidered.

C.Theavailabilityofticketsisthemainconcern.

19.Whydotheyplantotakethesubway?

A.Toavoidthetraffic.B.Todosomeresearch.C.Topreventbeinglost.

2O.Whafstheluckypartofthistrip?

A.Walkingtothemuseum.

B.Attendinganexpertreport.

C.Takingphotosinthemuseum.

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

TopDestinationsforAdventureTravelin2023

Theadventuresyouandyourfamilytakeareanexcellentwaytobringyourfamilyclosertogether,enjoy

beautifulscenery,andhelpyoufeelyoungandenergetic.Herearesometopdestinationsforadventuretravelin

2023.

Austria

Ifyoulovewintersports,travelingtoAustriawon'tdisappointyou.Therearetonsofadventureopportunities,

includingexploringtherollinghillsonafatbikeandtobogganing（乘橇滑雪）downmountainsides.Youcanalso

climbafrozenwall!

Canada

Canadaistheworld'ssecond-largestcountry,whichmeansendlessadventureopportunities.Youcanwalk

withpolarbears,watchgrizzlybears,andcanoeinisolatedlakestowatchmoose（驼鹿）.Nottomention,because

Canada'scoastlineisthelongestintheworld,therearealotofcoastaladventures!

Chile

LocatedbetweenthePacificOceanandtheAndesMountains,Chile'sPatagoniaParkgivesexplorerssomany

opportunities.CheckouttheAtacamaDesert,whereyou'llfeellikeyou'velandedonthemoonwhileexploringa

naturalspringthatsometimessendshotwaterorsteamupintotheairandthesalt-flatsthatlooklikewhitestill

ocean.

GalapagosIslands

Withitslocation600milesfromEcuadoranimalloversandoutdooradventurersfeelliketheGalapagos

IslandsareheavenonEarth.Manyspeciesareendemic,whichmeanstheyarenotfoundanywhereelseinthe

world.YoucanexploreDevil'sCrown,andeadvolcaniccone（火山锥）nearFloreanaIsland.Watchsealions

sunbatheonGardnerBay'sbeachorcheckoutthetortoisesinSantaCruz,andmore!

1.WhatwillatravelertoAustriaenjoy?

A.Wintersports.B.Coastaladventures.

C.Hotsprings.D.Volcanoscenes.

2.Wherewouldawildlifeloverliketogo?

AAustriaorCanada.B.AustriaorChile.

C.CanadaorGalapagosIslands.D.ChileorGalapagosIslands.

3.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?

A.Austriaoffersotherworldlyscenery.

B.Canadarankssecondincoastlinelength.

C.Chileisnotedforamoon-themedpark.

DGalapagosIslandshaveuniquewildlife.

B

Lastyear,Ispentmyholidaywithsomeofmychildrenandgrandchildreninarentedhouseinanunfamiliar

neighborhoodinLakewood,NewJersey.Everyoneintheareawassuperfriendlyandhospitable（好客的），offering

tointroducethemselvestous.

Thehomenextdoortouswasparticularlyfascinating.Intheyard,therewasatrampoline（蹦床），aswingset

andvarioustoysandgamesthatwereparticularlypopularwithyoungchildren.Theownerwasalsoveryfriendly

andinvitedthekidstocomeoverandplay.

Theyplayedforhoursonend.Whilewerelaxedinouryard,perhapsfeelingcomfortable,perhapsenjoying

eachother5scompany,perhapsforgettingthatyoungchildrencan'tbelefttoolongwithoutadultslookingafterthem.

Unexpectedly,asmallfightbrokeout.My1O-year-oldgrandsonpushedtheboyofthenextdoor.Atthispoint,

themothernextdoorwenttointervene（调停）.

Shecameovertospeaktous.WereIinthatposition,Iwouldhavebeenaveryangrymotherandcomplained

aboutthebadbehaviorofthesevisitingchildren,anddefinitelysentthemhome.

Whatshedidwasquitetheopposite.Shespokeoftheirgreatpleasureinsharingthebackyard,ofaslight

difficultythathadarisenandofthenecessityofmonitoringourchildren'sbehavior.Shetoldherchildrenwewere

alltheirguestsandthatweshouldberespectedandtreatedwell.Afterthat,thesechildrengotalongwellasbefore.

Honestly,Iowedmythankstotheneighbor.Smallasheractionsmayseem,theywerebiginoureyes.The

neighbornotonlykeptthechildrenhappybutalsotaughtmeanunforgettablelessonindealingwithrelationships.

Fromher,Ilearnedsmallandkindactionscanbringwarmthtopeople.

4.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?

A.Totellastoryofwarmfriendship.

B.Todescribeanexcitingtripexperience.

C.Togiveadviceonhowtobeagreatmother.

D.Tosharealessontheauthorlearnedfromaneighbor.

5.Whatcanbelearnedfromthetext?

A.Theboynextdoorpickedontheauthor'sgrandson.

B.Thechildrensecretlywentintotheyardtoplaygames.

C.Theadultsdidn'ttakegoodcareofthechildrenwhilerelaxing.

D.Theauthor'sfamilyspenttheirholidayinherfiiend'sneighborhood.

6.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthemothernextdoor?

A.Kindandcalm.B.Strictandtough.

C.Generousandcurious.D.Rudeandnarrow-minded.

7.Howwilltheauthordealwithasimilarsituationinthefuture?

A.Shewillleavewithoutdoinganything.

B.Shewillbepatientandtakekindactions.

C.Shewillteachherownchildrenagoodlesson.

DShewillstoptroublingherhospitableneighbor.

c

Morethanathirdoftheworld'spopulationlivesindrylands,areasthatexperiencesignificantwatershortages.

ScientistsattheUniversityofTexasatAustinhavedevelopedauniquesolutiontohelppeopleintheseareasaccess

cleandrinkingwater.

Theydevelopedalow-costgelfilm（凝胶膜）thatcanpullwaterfromtheairineventhedriestclimate.

Combiningtwosimpleingredients,celluloseandkonjacgum,thegelisinexpensivetoproduce.Justonekilogram

ofgelcanabsorbupto6litersofwaterinadryclimate.Forthoselivinginaclimatewithrelativehumidity（湿度）,

onekilogramofgelcancollectupto13litersofwateraday.Asthegelissoinexpensiveandeasytomake,itmay

offerawayofprovidingdrinkingwatertocountrieswithwatershortages.

Previously,researchershaveharvestedfreshwaterfromfoganddew,butthatonlyservesareaswithhigh

humidity.Otherattemptsatpullingwaterfromdesertairaretypicallyenergy-intensiveanddonotproducemuch.In

fact,thisgelisavastimprovementfrompreviouswaterharvestingtechnologies.Themaximumwaterharvestedhas

been5.87litersinplaceswithrelativehumidity.Thisnewgeldoublesthisamount,usesnoenergyandissimpleto

operateanditcanbemadeintoashapeorsizethatbestsuitstheuser.

“Thisnewworkisaboutpracticalsolutionsthatpeoplecanusetogetwaterinthehottest,driestplacesonEarth,“

saidGuihuaYu,professorattheCockrellSchoolofEngineering."Thiscouldallowmillionsofpeoplewithout

consistentaccesstodrinkingwatertohavesimple,watergeneratingdevicesathomethattheycaneasilyoperate.

“Thisisnotsomethingyouneedanadvanceddegreetouse,“thepaper'sleadauthor,YouhongGuosaid."It's

straightforwardenoughthatanyonecanmakeitathomeiftheyhavethematerials.Scientistsareplanningonmaking

athickergelthatwillincreasetheyield,makingthistechnologyapracticablesolutiontodrought.

8.Whatcanweknowaboutthegelfilmfromparagraph2?

A.Itcanincreasethehumidityoftheair.

B.Itcanharvestdrinkingwaterfromtheair.

C.Ithasbeenwidelyappliedindesertareas.

D.Itcostslotsofmoneyandenergytoproduce.

9.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Theadvantagesofthenewgel.

B.Theprocessofproducingthenewgel.

C.Thetoughlivingconditionsindryregions.

D.Thetheoryofwaterharvestingtechnologies.

10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inthelastparagraphreferto?

A.Anadvanceddegree.B.Anexpensivematerial.

C.Awaterharvestingdevice.D.Anon-stoppingconditionofdrought.

11.Whatdoscientistsplantodonext?

A.Developathickergel.B.Raisemoneyforfurtherresearch.

C.Producethegelinlargequantities.D.Teachpeopletomakethegelathome.

D

Whilethesituationmaybeimproving,muchoftheworldisstillundertheshadowofCOVID-19andits

associatedcontainmentmeasures.ButaccordingtoastudypublishedinthescientificjournalCell,anunlikelyfriend

couldhelpdefeatthevirus.

Knownfortheirlonglegsandbeautifuleyelashes,llamas（美洲驼）——specificallytheirantibodies（抗体）——

arebelievedtoplayanimportantroleinthefightagainstthevirus.

HavingexperimentedwithantibodiesfromallamacalledWinteryearsago,asmalllabatGhentUniversityin

Belgiumhadaeurekamomentearlierthisyear.Theyfoundthatllamaantibodieswereabletoneutralize（中和）both

theMERSandSARSviruses-twostrainsofthecoronavirusthatcausedpreviousoutbreaksin2012and2003,

respectively.

DoneincooperationwiththeUniversityofTexas,US,studiesshowedtheireffectivenessagainstCOVID-19.

JasonMcLellan,fromtheUniversityofTexasatAustinandco-authorofthestudy,said,"Thisisoneofthefirst

antibodiesknowntoneutralizeSARS-CoV-2.^^

Antibodiesarelikeyourbody'sdefensesystem.Similartotinysoldiers,theyprotectyourbodyfrominvaders

（入侵者）anddestroythembeforetheycanspread.Butwhatmakesllamaantibodiessospecialistheirsmallsize,

whichenablesthemtobetterfightthevirusbystickingtoitsspikes（束U突）moreeasily.Thiswillpreventattachment

andentry,whicheffectivelyneutralizesthevirus.

Theencouragingresultshaveledtorapiddevelopmentandtestingoftheantibodiessothattheycanbetested

onhumansassoonaspossible.However,thestudy'sco-author,XavierSaelens,fromGhentUniversitynotedthat

“thereisstillalotofworktodotobringthisintotheclmic^^.Butheaddedthat“ifitworks,llamaWinterdeservesa

statue”.

12.Whoistheunlikelyfriendmentionedinthefirstparagraph?

A.Aresearcher.B.Asystem.C.Avirus.D.Ananimal.

13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eureka“meaninparagraph3?

A.Ifsterrible.B.Tmfedup.C.Ifoundit.D.Lefstryharder.

14.WhafsXavierSaelens5attitudetowardsapplyingtheantibodiestotheclinicalpractice?

A.Indifferent.B.Hopeful.C.Negative.D.Disapproving.

15.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?

A.TheMERSviruscausedapreviousoutbreakin2003.

B.Thesmallsizeenablesllamaantibodiestobetterfightthevirus.

C.Thellamaantibodies5tyingtothespikesisabletokillthespikes.

D.Itwon'tbelongbeforellamaantibodiesarereadyforclinicaluse.

第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选

项。

Thegymcanbescaryforabeginner.Whetheryou'reafitnessgreenhandorgettingbackinthegame,not

knowingwhattodointhegymcanbeaveryrealfear.16Herearesomewaystogetstartedinthegym.

Chatwiththestaff.Thefitnessstaffisfriendlyandreadytohelp!Asimple“hello“toastaffmemberwhenyou

walkinthedoorcanreallypromoteyourmood.17If11bemucheasiertogobacktothegymregularlyifyou

knowthatsomefriendlypeopletherearewaiting.

18Don'tknowwhattodointhegym?Don'tbeafraidtoaskforhelp-thafswhatthestaffmembers

aretherefor!Aquicktouroftheequipmentorevensomepracticeonthemachinescanbeextremelybeneficial.A

trainerwillprovideyouwithacompletedemonstrationtogetyoufeelingcomfortableinnotime!

Getstartedonasimplemachine.Ifyou'reunsurewheretostart,stickingwiththebasicsisagreatwaytogo.

Walkonthetreadmill（跑步机）thatyoumaybefamiliarwithandstartatagentlepace.19Evenifyoudon't

haveasweatpart,you'llhavestillmovedyourbodyandgottenusedtothegymequipment.Andthafsahopeful

start.

Trya30-minutecircuit.Circuittrainingisasupereffectivewaytotrain,whetheryou'reabeginneroramore

experiencedgym-goer,andistheperfectsolutionwhenyoudon'tknowwhattodointhegym.Itallowsyoutowork

multiplemusclegroupsinoneworkout.Thebestpart:Ifsapreplannedworkout.20

A.Askforatour.

B.Shareyourtourwithothers.

C.Butittrulydoesn'thavetobe.

D.Workyourwayuptoafastrun.

E.Butitcanbeascaryexperience.

ESoallyouhavetodoisfollowalong.

G.Soyourconfidenceinthegymwillbuildupatonce.

第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Caitlintookherdaughter,Lacey,toatoystoretopicksomethingout.Laceyhadbeen21£10fromher

grandmother.

Laceywastryingtopick22thatweremorethan£10,butthemotherkepttellinghershecouldn't,which

23wasahardchoiceforthelittlegirl.Whentheywereintheaisle（过道），one24cameover.Andhe

askedifhecouldgiveCaitlinagiftcard.Thetruth25thatsomeonewhohadboughtitaskedthestoreworkers

tofindachildofpre-schoolagetogiveitto.

Andthatgiftcardhadbeenleftbyawomanin26ofherdaughter,whowouldhave27fouryears

oldthatday.Afterhearingthat,Caitlinwasheartbrokenandjuststartedto28,andthentheworkerswere

cryingtoo.Itwasvery29.

Whata30wayforthatmotherto31herdaughter!Inthestoreeveryone'sheartwentoutto

herforher32loss.Caitlinsharedthis33onsocialmediaandjustwantedtosayahugethank

you.

“ShemademygirlsohappyandIamthinkingaboutherandherfamily.Itisverykindwhatshehasdone,and

ithas34otherpeopletodothesame,^^Caitlinwrote.Hopefully,themotherisblessedasshecontinuesto

rememberherlittlegirlbyspreading35toothers.

21.A.borrowedB.paidC.collectedD.gifted

22.A.cardsB.candiesC.toysD.pens

23.A.obviouslyB.surprisinglyC.differentlyD.luckily

24.A.volunteerB.employeeC.customerD.friend

25.A.cameupB.gotaroundC.wentonD.turnedout

26.A.supportB.memoryC.praiseD.search

27.A.turnedB.madeC.boughtD.took

28.A.leaveB.commentC.cryD.nod

29.A.emotionalB.interestingC.riskyD.powerful

30.A.funnyB.relaxingC.sweetD.careful

31.A.acceptB.honorC.satisfyD.hug

32.A.confusingB.weakC.incredibleD.awkward

33.A.experienceB.hobbyC.photoD.request

34.A.advisedB.persuadedC.allowedD.inspired

35.A.confidenceB.kindnessC.knowledgeD.worry

第二节(共10小题;每小题L5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Intheearly19thcentury,cholera36(severe)hitEurope,whichcausedmillionsof37(death).

Atthattime,asafamousdoctorinLondon,JohnSnowwassoexpertthatheattendedtoQueenVictoriaasher

personalphysician.Buthenevergaveuphisdesiretodefeat“KingCholera^^andsavecommonpeople'slives.

Cholerawasadeadlydiseaseand38(it)causewasnotunderstood.JohnSnowrosetofacethe

challengeandsolvetheproblem.Hesuspectedthatcholera39(cause)byaninfectionfromgermsinfoodor

water,butheneededproof.SowhenanothersevereoutbreakhitLondon,hebegantoinvestigateby40

(mark)onamaptheexactplaces41allthosewhodiedhadlived.Thenhefoundthatmanyvictimsduring

theoutbreakwerenearthewaterpump,sohehadthehandleremoved.As42result,soonthediseaseslowed

down.Hewassurethatthewaterpumpwas43(blame)andpeopleshoulddrinkpureor44(boil)

water.

Thewatercompanieswereinstructednottosellpeoplethepollutedwateranymore.Thanks45the

workofJohnSnow,finall