内蒙古呼和浩特市2023-2024学年高二上学期期末教学质量检测英语试卷（含答案解析）VIP

呼和浩特市2023--2024学年第一学期高二年级学业质量监测英语注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、座位号涂写在答题卡上。本试卷满分150分，考试时长120分钟。2.作答时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatisthewoman’sfavoritething?A.Thecap.B.Theskateboard.C.Thebike.2.HowmuchdothespeakershaveintotalforLisa’sbirthday?A.£10.B.£15.C.£25.3.WhatisKatiadoingnow?A.Havingdinner.B.Playingtennis.C.Doingherhomework.4.Whydoesthemanrefusetogototheanimalpark?A.Hehasbeenthere.B.Hehaslittletimenow.C.Theweatherwillbebad.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Awebsite.B.Afamilytree.C.Ahistorylesson.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdothespeakersstillneedtoget?A.Meat.B.Bread.C.Vegetables.7.Whatwillthespeakersdofirst?A.Tidytherooms.B.Preparethefood.C.Borrowsomechairs.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whattimeisitnow?A.11:30am.B.10:30am.C.12:30pm.9.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors.B.Workmates.C.Familymembers.10.Whatisthemangoingtodo?A.Eatout.B.Cookathome.C.Buyfoodonline.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whydothespeakersneedtomeet?A.Toplanaparty.B.TovisitJohn.C.Totalkaboutwork.12.WhatwillthewomandonextThursdayatsix?A.Meetafriend.B.Haveahaircut.C.Attendafamilydinner.13.Whoisthewomanprobably?A.Awriter.B.Adoctor.C.Ateacher.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whatdoesthewomanlikeaboutherguitarlessons?A.Meetingnewpeople.B.Preparingforaconcert.C.Learninglotsofsongs.15.Wheredoesthewomanpractiseplayingtheguitar?A.Inthekitchen.B.Inherbedroom.C.Inthelivingroom.16.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofhermusicteacher?A.He’sfunny.B.He’sclever.C.He’sfriendly.17.Whatdothespeakersplantodotogether?A.Joinaband.B.Watchavideo.C.Playmusicataparty.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Wherewillthelistenersgolast?A.Theriver.B.Thehill.C.Theforest.19.Howdoesthespeakerwantthelistenerstodealwiththehorses?A.Ridingthem.B.Givingthemfood.C.Stayingawayfromthem.20.Whatwillthelistenersdonext?A.Catchbutterflies.B.Takepictures.C.Gohiking.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节阅读（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFourMostFamousPaintingsintheWorldTheStarryNightArtist:VincentWillemvanGoghWheretoseeit:theMuseumofModernArt(NewYork,US)Beingtreatedformentalillnessinhospitalandinspiredbytheviewfromthewindowofhisroom,VanGoghpaintedTheStarryNight.ThepaintingisfamousforVanGogh’screativeuseofthickbrushstrokes(笔画).Thepainting’sstrikingbluesandyellowsandthedreamyatmospherehaveattractedartloversfordecades.TheScreamArtist:EdvardMunchWheretoseeit:theNationalMuseumandtheMunchMuseum(Oslo,Norway)TheScreamisnotasingleworkofart.AccordingtoaBritishmuseum’sblog,therearetwopaintings,twopastels(彩粉画)andanumberofprints,ThepaintingsareintheNationalMuseumandtheMunchMuseum,andin2012,oneofthepastelswassoldforalmost120million.MonaLisaArtist:LeonardodaVinciWheretoseeit:theLouvreMuseum(Paris.France)Itshouldcomeasnosurprisethatoneofthemostfamouspaintingsintheworldisawomanwithamysterioussmile.ItistheearliestknownItalianpaintingtofocuscloselyonthesitterinahalf-lengthportrait(像),accordingtotheLouvre,whereitwasfirstexhibitedin1804.TheLastSupperArtist:LeonardodaVinciWheretoseeit:SantaMariadelleGrazie(Milan,Italy)Leonardoistheonlyartisttoappearonthislisttwice.TheLastSupperisaboutthelasttimeJesushaddinnerwithhisfollowers.Thepaintingisactuallyahugewallpainting-4.6metershighand8.8meterswide,whichmakesforamemorableviewingexperience.1.WhereisTheStarryNightexhibited?A.IntheLouvreMuseum.B.IntheMunchMuseum.C.IntheMuseumofModernArt.D.InSantaMariadelleGrazie.2.WhatisspecialaboutTheScream?A.Itisexhibitedinthreemuseums.B.Itincludesaseriesofworksofart.C.Itisfamousforasmileinthepainting.D.Itwaspaintedinamentalhospital.3.WhatdoMonaLisaandTheLastSupperhaveincommon?A.Theyfeaturereligiousfigures.B.Theybothbelongtowallpaintings.C.TheyareexhibitedintheNationalMuseum.D.TheywerepaintedbyLeonardodaVinci.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【解析】【导语】本文为应用文。文章主要介绍了世界上最著名的四幅画作。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据TheStarryNight部分的第二段“Wheretoseeit:theMuseumofModernArt(NewYork,US)(在哪里看：现代艺术博物馆（美国纽约）)”可知，星夜可以在美国纽约的现代艺术博物馆看到。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据TheScream部分的第三段“TheScreamisnotasingleworkofart.AccordingtoaBritishmuseum’sblog,therearetwopaintings,twopastelsandanumberofprints,ThepaintingsareintheNationalMuseumandtheMunchMuseum,andin2012,oneofthepastelswassoldforalmost120million.(尖叫不是一件艺术品。根据英国博物馆的博客，有两幅画，两幅彩粉画和一些印刷品，这些画在国家博物馆和蒙克博物馆，2012年，其中一幅粉彩以近1.2亿美元的价格售出。)”可知，尖叫的特别之处在于，它不是一部作品，而是两幅画，两幅粉彩画等构成的。故选B项。

【3题详解】细节理解题。根据MonaLisa部分的第一段Artist:LeonardodaVinci和TheLastSupper部分的第一段Artist:LeonardodaVinci可知，这两幅作品的共同点在于作者相同，都是达·芬奇的画作。故选D项。

B“Beautyisn'tabouthavingaprettyface,”beginsamotivationalquote.“It'sabouthavingaprettymind,aprettyheart,andaprettysoul.Oh,andprettynails!”ThatmaybeAngelaPeters'motto.LastJuly,Peters,rolledherwheelchairintoanailsalon(沙龙)attheWalmartshoppingcenterinBurtontohavehernailsdone.ButPeters,whohascerebralpalsy(脑瘫),wasturnedaway.Thesalontoldherthattheywereafraiditwouldbetoodifficulttoproperlypainthernailsgiventhatherhandskeptshaking.WhatwasmeanttobeadayofbeautyforPeterswasnowadisappointment.AWalmartcashierabouttogoonherbreakhappenedtoseethis.EbonyHarrisrecognizedPetersasaWalmartregular.“She'sjustlikeeveryoneelse.Shewantstolookpretty.Sowhycan'tshe?”Harrissaid.HarrisapproachedPeters.“Doyouwantmetodoyournails?”sheasked.AsmilespreadacrossPeters'face.“Yeah!”HarrisledPetersintothesupermarket,wheretheyshoppedfornailpolish.Theysettledonacolorthatwouldcatcheveryeye.TheythenmadetheirwayintoaneighboringSubway,foundatablefortwo,andstarted.HarrisgentlytookPeters'handintohersandcarefullybeganpaintinghernails.“Shemovedherhandsalittlebit,andshekeptsayingshewassorry,”Harrissaid.“Itoldher,‘Don'tsaythat.You'refine.’ShemakesmelookatlifeandappreciateitmuchmorethanIhave.”WatchingitallwithsurpriseandadmirationwasSubwayemployeeTasiaSmith.SmithwassotakenbythescenethatshewroteaboutitonFacebook.“Shewassopatientwithher,”shewrote.“ThankstotheWalmartworkerformakingthisbeautifulgirl'sday!”4.Whydoestheauthormentionthequoteinthefirstparagraph?A.Tocomparedifferentviews. B.Tointroducethetopicofthepassage.C.Toshowtheimportanceofbeauty. D.Tosharehisopinionaboutbeauty.5.ThenailsalonrefusedPeters'requestbecause.A.shehadtouseawheelchair B.theyweretoobusytoserveherC.shecouldn'tkeepherhandsstill D.theyhadn'tthecolorshewanted6.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeHarris?A.Braveandgenerous. B.Carefulandfair-minded.C.Honestandconsiderate. D.Patientandwarm-hearted.7.WhatcanbeinferredaboutTasiaSmithfromthelastparagraph?A.ShethoughthighlyofHarris'behavior.B.Shewroteathank-youlettertoWalmart.C.SheregrettednotlendingPetersahelpinghand.D.ShemisunderstoodHarris'relationshipwithPeters.【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述患有脑瘫的Peters，想要到沃尔玛购物中心的一家美甲沙龙里去做指甲，却被拒之门外。因为疾病的原因，她不能让手静止，当时沃尔玛正要休息的职员Harris看见了这一幕，热心地帮助她做了美甲，让她度过了美好的一天。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Beautyisn'tabouthavingaprettyface,”beginsamotivationalquote.“It'sabouthavingaprettymind,aprettyheart,andaprettysoul.Oh,andprettynails!”可知一段励志名言开头是这样说的：“美丽并不意味着有一张漂亮的脸，还意味着漂亮的心灵和灵魂，哦，还有漂亮的指甲！”接着后文讲述了患有脑瘫的Peters，想要到沃尔玛购物中心的一家美甲沙龙里去做指甲，却被拒之门外。因为疾病的原因，她不能让手静止，当时沃尔玛正要休息的职员Harris看见了这一幕，热心地帮助她做美甲这个故事。由此可推知，作者在文章首段引用那句关于美的名言是为了引出文章的主题。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中Thesalontoldherthattheywereafraiditwouldbetoodifficulttoproperlypainthernailsgiventhatherhandskeptshaking.WhatwasmeanttobeadayofbeautyforPeterswasnowadisappointment.可知美容院告诉她，由于她的手一直在抖，他们担心很难给她好好地涂指甲。对Peters来说，这本来是一个美丽的日子，现在却令人失望。由此可知，这家美甲店拒绝了Peters的美甲请求是因为Peters的手一直抖个不停。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中EbonyHarrisrecognizedPetersasaWalmartregular.“She'sjustlikeeveryoneelse.Shewantstolookpretty.Sowhycan'tshe?”Harrissaid.(EbonyHarris承认Peters是沃尔玛的常客。“她和其他人没什么两样。她想看起来漂亮。为什么她不能做美甲呢？”Harris说)以及最后一段中“Shewassopatientwithher,”shewrote.“ThankstotheWalmartworkerformakingthisbeautifulgirl'sday!”(“她对她很有耐心，”她写道。“感谢沃尔玛的工作人员让这个美丽的女生节变得如此美好!”)由此可推知，Harris帮助了被美甲店拒绝的Peters，答应给她美甲，而且非常有耐心。Harris有一副热心肠且非常有耐心。故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Shewassopatientwithher,”shewrote.“ThankstotheWalmartworkerformakingthisbeautifulgirl'sday!”可知“她对她很有耐心，”她写道。“感谢沃尔玛工作人员让这个美丽的女孩度过了美好的一天!”由此可推知，TasiaSmith高度赞扬了Harris的行为。故选A。CTreesareoneoftheoldest“citizens(公民)”ofourEarth.Theykeepourairclean,reducenoisepollution,improvewaterqualityandprovidefoodandbuildingmaterials.Justlikeus,treeschangealotastheygrow.At1to3yearsold,youngtreeslearnhowtoprotectthemselves.Forexample,manytreesgrowthorns(刺)towarnanimalsnottogonearMostyoungtreeshavelarge,deepgreenleavessothattheycancatchenoughsunlightandchangeitintotheirfoodandenergy.Whentreesare4yearsold,theybegintogrowveryrapidlyandbecomestrongenoughtofacechallengeslaterinlife.Attheageof15,treesbecomeyoungadults.Afterwards,theygrowmoreslowlyandbegintoproduceflowersandfruit.Itisnotuntilthetreeis20to25yearsoldthatitbecomesarealadult.Thetreereachesitslargestsize.Theadulttreegivesusshade,oxygenandnaturalbeauty;itisalsoagreatplaceforatreehouse,oraplaceforustoreadabook,listentomusicandsoon.Ifwegivetheadulttreepropercare,itwillgoontolivehealthilyformanyyears.Gradually,treesbegintogrowolderandolderandevendie.Atthistime,theystillhavetheirimportantplaceinnature.Whenatreebecomeshollow(空心的)orpartofitbecomesdead,itprovidesahometosmallanimalsandisasourceoffoodformanyotheranimals.Inmanyways,thelifeofatreeislikeourownlifeexperience.Whenwearelookingatthelifeofatree,welearnthateachperiodoflifebringsitsownformofjoyandchallenge.So,let’senjoyeveryminuteofourlifeandtakecareofitlikeplantingatree!8.Whenthetreesareveryyoung,someofthemgrowthornsto______.A.catchenoughsunlight B.protectthemselvesC.becomemorebeautiful D.producefoodandenergy.9.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutthegrowthofatree?A.Thetreeproducesflowersandfruitbeforetheageof15.B.Thetreebecomesayoungadultwhenitis20to25yearsold.C.Whenpartofatreebecomesdead,itstillplaysanimportantroleinnature.D.Theyoungadulttreeisagoodplaceforatreehouseandforustoreadabook,10.Whyshouldweenjoyeveryminuteofourlifeaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Becauseourlifeisbecomingbetterandbetter.B.Becausetreesgiveussomuchandmakeourworldbeautiful.C.Becausethelifeofatreeissimilartoourownlifeexperience.D.Becauseeachperiodoflifebringsitsownformofpleasureandchallenge.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thegrowthandlifeoftrees. B.DifferentkindsofTrees.CThemysteryofatree. D.Theadvantagestreescanbringus.【答案】8.B9.C10.D11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是树木从小到大的生长过程以及对人类的贡献。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“At1to3yearsold,youngtreeslearnhowtoprotectthemselves.Forexample,manytreesgrowthorns(刺)towarnanimalsnottogonear.(在1到3岁的时候，幼树学会了如何保护自己。例如，许多树木长满荆棘以警告动物不要靠近。)”可知，很多树长刺是为了保护自己。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Whenatreebecomeshollow(空心)orpartofitbecomesdead,itprovidesahometosmallanimalsandisasourceoffoodformanyotheranimals.(当一棵树变成空心的或其中的一部分死亡时，它就为小动物提供了一个家，也是许多其他动物的食物来源。)”可知，虽然树的一部分死亡了，但仍然可以起到给小动物提供家和食物来源的作用。这句话是对上一句“Atthistime,theystillhavetheirimportantplaceinnature.(在这个时候，它们在自然界中仍然有着重要的地位。)”的具体阐述。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“Whenwearelookingatthelifeofatree,weIearnthateachperiodoflifebringsitsownformofjoyandchallenge.(当我们观察一棵树的生命时，我们了解到生命的每个阶段，都会带来各自的欢乐和挑战。)”可知，我们应该享受生命中的每一分钟，是因为我们人类生命的每个阶段就像树的每个生命阶段一样，会带来各自的欢乐和挑战。故选D。【11题详解】主旨大意题。从文章主体部分各个段落“At1to3yearsold”、“Whentreesare4yearsold”、“untilthetreeis20to25yearsold”这些表示时间的短语和句子可知，这篇文章主要以时间顺序讲述了树木从小到大的生长过程，即树的一生。故选A。DArtificialintelligenceissettobenefitmankindinmanyways.Itwillmakeeverydaytaskseasierandbringefficiencytovariousindustries.Itmightjustprovetobeoneofman’sgreatestinventions.Andyet,likeanyothertechnology,AIwillalsobringrisksanddangers.WhenpeoplementionthatAIcouldbedangerous,mostpeoplethinkofscenariosfrommoviesorbookswhereanAIprogramdecidestoeliminateorconquerallhumans.InFebruary2018,agroupofAIexpertsgottogethertodiscussthepotentialmisuseofAI.TheirmainconcernwasthatcriminalscoulduseAIforavarietyofevilpurposes.SomeonecanuseAItocreatewebsitesthatcouldbeusedtostealpeople’spersonalinformation.Anotherpotentialriskisfasterhacking—AIprogramscouldbetaughttofindloopholesinsoftwareandbreakintosecurecomputersystems.Someoftheriskswereasdramaticastheonesweseeinbooksandmovies.Forexample,theexpertsmentionedautomatedterrorism(自动化的恐怖主义)byusingdronesorunmannedvehiclesasweapons.RemoteattacksusingsuchdevicescouldbemadeeasierthroughtheuseofAI.Andfinally,thereweresomeconcernsonthefactthatAIcanmimicvoicesaswell.LastyearUSfilmmakerJordanPeeleteamedupwithBuzzFeedwebsitetomakeamovieusingAItechniquestocopyformerUSpresidentBarackObama’svoice.They“had”himvoicehisopinionsonthe2017movieBlackPantherandcurrentUSPresidentDonaldTrump.WhileinChina,techgiantBaidu,hasalsodevelopedaprogramcalledDeepVoicethatcan“copy”anyone’svoicebyanalyzinga3.7-secondaudiosample.FamousBritishphysicistStephenHawkingeventhoughtAIcouldbetheworsteventinthehistoryofourcivilization.“Oncehumansdevelopartificialintelligence,itwilltakeoffandredesignitselfatanalarmingrate.Humanscouldn’tcompeteandwouldbesuperseded,hetoldtheBBC.However,Hawkingsuggested“IbelievewecancreateAIforthegoodoftheworld.Wesimplyneedtobeawareofthedangers,identifythem,employthebestpossiblepracticeandmanagement,andprepareforitsconsequenceswellinadvance.”Actually,AItechnologyismakinggreatprogressintermsofthethree-stagedevelopmentofartificialintelligence.ItisunlikelythatfullydevelopingAIwouldmakeithardformankindtosurvive.Afterall,withouthumanintelligence,AIcannotevendevelopitself,letalonereplacehumancivilization.12.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingisNOTtheriskbroughtbyAI?A.AIcanbeusedtocreatewebsitestostealpeople’spersonalinformation.B.AIcanhelpcriminalstobreakintosecurecomputersystemswithoutpermission.C.AIcanbeusedbyterroriststocarryoutterroristattacks.D.AIcanbeusedtoclonehumans.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mimic”inparagraph3mean?A.imitate B.disturbC.record D.change14.WhatcanweinferfromStephenHawking’swords?A.AIisthebestinventioninthehistoryofourcivilization.B.AIisnotasintelligentandcreativeashumans.C.AIcanidentifythedangersinadvance.D.AIwillbenefittheworldifundercarefulmanagement.15.Whichbestdescribestheauthor’sattitudetowardsthefutureofAI?A.Worried. B.Indifferent.C.Positive. D.Negative.【答案】12.D13.A14.D15.C【解析】【分析】本文为议论文。主要介绍了随着科学技术的进步，人工智能迎来了发展的机遇，同时也引发了越来越多的担忧。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中SomeonecanuseAItocreatewebsitesthatcouldbeusedtostealpeople’spersonalinformation.Anotherpotentialriskisfasterhacking—AIprogramscouldbetaughttofindloopholesinsoftwareandbreakintosecurecomputersystems.Someoftheriskswereasdramaticastheonesweseeinbooksandmovies.Forexample,theexpertsmentionedautomatedterrorismbyusingdronesorunmannedvehiclesasweapons.（有人可以使用人工智能创建网站，用来窃取人们的个人信息。另一个潜在的风险是更快的黑客攻击——人工智能程序可能被用来发现软件中的漏洞，并侵入安全的计算机系统。有些风险就像我们在书和电影中看到的那样戏剧化。例如，专家提到了使用无人机或无人驾驶车辆作为武器的自动化恐怖主义。）可知人工智带来的风险有：人工智能可以用来创建网站，窃取人们的个人信息；人工智能可以帮助罪犯在未经允许的情况下进入安全的计算机系统以及人工智能可以被恐怖分子用来实施恐怖袭击。只有D选项“人工智能可以用来克隆人类。”文章并没有提到。故选D。【13题详解】词意猜测题。从下文usingAItechniquestocopyformerUSpresidentBarackObama’svoice.可知可以使用人工智能技术模仿美国前总统奥巴马的声音。可知人工智能可以模仿人的声音。故mimic意思为“模仿”。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中However,Hawkingsuggested“IbelievewecancreateAIforthegoodoftheworld.Wesimplyneedtobeawareofthedangers,identifythem,employthebestpossiblepracticeandmanagement,andprepareforitsconsequenceswellinadvance.”（然而，霍金表示:“我相信我们可以为了世界的利益而创造人工智能。我们只需要意识到这些危险，识别它们，采用最好的做法和管理，并提前做好应对后果的准备。”）可知我们可以从斯蒂芬·霍金的话中推断，如果精心管理，人工智能将造福世界。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段ItisunlikelythatfullydevelopingAIwouldmakeithardformankindtosurvive.（人工智能的全面发展不太可能让人类难以生存。）可知作者对于人工智能的未来还是比较乐观的。故选C。【点睛】词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为①定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用referto，becalled或that’stosay，suchas等。②逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly,thesameas,but,however,while,ontheotherhand,since,because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。③语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。④语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。⑤指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。如第二小题，从下文usingAItechniquestocopyformerUSpresidentBarackObama’svoice.可知可以使用人工智能技术模仿美国前总统奥巴马的声音。可知人工智能可以模仿人的声音。故mimic意思为“模仿”。故选A。第二节七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。WhatIsActiveListening?Activelisteningisaspecialwayofcommunicating.Itsgoalistomakeiteasierforpeopletoclearlyexpressideasandfeelings.Itcanleadtoabetterunderstandingbetweenaspeakerandalistener.____16____,oritcanbedonebytwopeopleontheirown.Activelisteningworksbestwhenthespeakerandthelistenersitfacingeachother.Thetwopeopletaketurnstalking.Thegoalisforthelistenertogivefullattentiontothespeaker.Youshouldavoidthinkingaboutwhattosaynextorwhetherwhatthespeakerissayingisright.____17____.Tryasmuchaspossibletoseethingsfromthespeaker’spointofview.Oncethespeakerfinishestalking,youshouldrepeatthemainpointsofwhatheorshejustsaid.____18____.Itgiveshimorherachancetoclearupanymisunderstanding.Thespeakercanexplainhisorherideasuntilheorshefeelsfullyunderstood.____19____.Fromthere,thetwopeopleswitchbackandforth(来回地)untiltheyhavebothfullyheardandunderstoodeachother.Activelisteningisveryusefulforpeoplewholiveorworktogether.Familymembersandco-workersoftenhavebadlisteninghabits.Theyreacttoeachotherbasedonwhattheyexpecttheotherpersontosayratherthanonwhatisactuallysaid.____20____.A.Anactivelistenerfirstlistenscarefully,withouttalkingB.DoingthatletsthespeakerknowhowwellyouunderstoodwhatwassaidC.YoudonothavetoagreeoneverythingD.Activelisteningcanbeguidedbyathirdperson,suchasatherapistE.Instead,focusonunderstandingwhatisbeingsaidF.ActivelisteninggivesthemawaytobreakthispatternG.Thespeakerandthelistenerthenswitchroles【答案】16.D17.E18.B19.G20.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是什么是积极倾听以及如何做到积极倾听。【16题详解】空后“oritcanbedonebytwopeopleontheirown(也可以由两个人单独完成)”说明积极倾听也可以由两个人单独完成，空格处应该说进行积极倾听的另一种方式，D选项“Activelisteningcanbeguidedbyathirdperson,suchasatherapist(积极倾听可以由第三方指导，比如治疗师)”说明的是积极倾听的另一种方式，和后文的两个人单独完成相呼应，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选D。【17题详解】空前“Youshouldavoidthinkingaboutwhattosaynextorwhetherwhatthespeakerissayingisright.(你应该避免考虑接下来要说什么，或者说话人说的是否正确。)”说明的是你应该避免做的事情，空格处应该说正确的做法是什么，E选项“Instead,focusonunderstandingwhatisbeingsaid(相反，专注于理解所说的话)”说明的是和前面“考虑接下来要说什么，或者说话人说的是否正确”相反的内容，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选E。【18题详解】空前“Oncethespeakerfinishestalking,youshouldrepeatthemainpointsofwhatheorshejustsaid.(一旦说话人讲完，你应该重复他或她刚刚说的要点。)”说明了一旦说话人讲完，你应该重复他或她刚刚说的要点，B选项“Doingthatletsthespeakerknowhowwellyouunderstoodwhatwassaid(这样做可以让说话人知道你对他所说的话理解得有多好)”说明的是重复说话人刚刚说的要点的好处，承接上文，符合语境，故选B。【19题详解】空后“Fromthere,thetwopeopleswitchbackandforth(来回地)untiltheyhavebothfullyheardandunderstoodeachother.(从这里开始，两个人来回切换，直到他们都完全听到并理解对方。)”说明了说话人和听的人要切换角色，G选项“Thespeakerandthelistenerthenswitchroles(然后说话者和听者互换角色)”说明了说话人和听的人互换角色，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选G。【20题详解】空前“Familymembersandco-workersoftenhavebadlisteninghabits.Theyreacttoeachotherbasedonwhattheyexpecttheotherpersontosayratherthanonwhatisactuallysaid.(家庭成员和同事经常有不好的倾听习惯。他们对对方的反应是基于他们期望对方说什么，而不是对方实际说了什么。)”说明了家庭成员和同事通常倾听习惯不好，F选项“Activelisteninggivesthemawaytobreakthispattern(积极倾听给了他们一个打破这种模式的方法)”说明了积极倾听可以打破这种模式，也就是可以改进他们不好的倾听习惯，承接上文，符合语境，故选F。第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。My16-month-olddaughterjumpedontotheflooragain,afterclimbingontothelowwindowsill.Shemadeitmanytimesaday—itisherownMountQomolangma.Withasenseof____21____,sheranintomyarms,laughing.IwasalmostcryingasI____22____her.IfeltIwasa(n)____23____.NoonehadpreparedmeforworkingfromhomedaringtheCOVID-19pandemicwhile____24____awild,fearlesskid.Ifeltsosad.Iwasn’t____25____enoughandIwasn’tagoodmother.Iwasdefeatedbylife.Thencameasoundfrommycellphone.Aftergettingmy____26____childbackonherfeetand,watchinghergotoclimbthewindowsill,Ireadthe____27____:“Watchingyoubeamommyhasbeenmyfavorite.Itbringsmesomuch___28___!Howtalentedyouare,andhowkindandfunnyyouare!”Andimmediately,myfriendMegangotmeoutofacomplete____29____.ThiswasexactlywhatIneededto____30____,attheexactmomentIfeltso____31____.Sherebuiltmyconfidenceand_____32_____methatmotherhoodismymission,myhappiness,andmygreatestachievement,evenwhenit’s_____33_____.Sometimesthegreatestkindnessesaresomewordsof_____34_____atjusttherighttime.Therefore,IheadedbacktoBabyQomolangma,readyforhernext_____35_____.21.A.responsibility B.fairness C.achievement D.humor22.A.found B.freed C.left D.held23.A.influence B.failure C.partner D.fool24.A.wakingup B.pickingup C.caringfor D.waitingfor25.A.strong B.curious C.confused D.generous26.A.creative B.adventurous C.polite D.honest27.A.example B.report C.story D.message28.A.luck B.attention C.happiness D.love29.A.mess B.joke C.excuse D.surprise30.A.share B.write C.accept D.hear31A.afraid B.helpless C.ashamed D.lonely32.A.promised B.called C.reminded D.warned33.A.hard B.strange C.different D.dangerous34.A.explanation B.encouragement C.advice D.agreement35.A.run B.flight C.cry D.jump【答案】21.C22.D23.B24.C25.A26.B27.D28.C29.A30.D31.B32.C33.A34.B35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者在被年幼顽皮的女儿搞得身心俱疲时，收到了朋友鼓励的短信，意识到了作为母亲的使命和幸福，重新恢复了对生活的勇气和信心。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：带着一种成就感，她笑着跑到我怀里。A.responsibility责任；B.fairness公平；C.achievement成就；D.humor幽默。根据前文“Shemadeitmanytimesaday—itisherownMountQomolangma.”可知，女儿每天都要在窗台和地板之间跳很多次，每跳一次，都会充满成就感。故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我抱着她时，我几乎要哭了。A.found发现；B.freed使自由；C.left离开；D.held抱住。根据前文“sheranintomyarms”可知，女儿跳进作者怀里，作者会抱住她。故选D项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我觉得我是个失败者。没有人让我做好准备，在新冠期间在家工作，同时照顾一个狂野、无畏的孩子。A.influence影响；B.failure失败；C.partner伙伴；D.fool傻瓜。根据后文“Iwasdefeatedbylife”可知，作者认为自己被生活打败了，是个失败者。故选B项。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我觉得我是个失败者。没有人让我做好准备，在新冠期间在家工作，同时照顾一个狂野、无畏的孩子。A.wakingup唤醒；B.pickingup捡起；C.caringfor照顾；D.waitingfor等待。根据前文“My16-month-olddaughter”及后文“awild,fearlesskid”可知，女儿还小，需要照顾。故选C项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不够坚强，也不是个好母亲。A.strong坚强；B.curious好奇的；C.confused困惑的；D.generous慷慨的。根据后文“Iwasdefeatedbylife”可知，作者认为自己不够坚强。故选A项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我把爱冒险的孩子扶起来，看着她爬上窗台，我读到上面的留言：“看着你成为妈妈是我最喜欢的事情。它给我带来了很多快乐!”A.creative有创造性的；B.adventurous有冒险精神的；C.polite礼貌的；D.honest诚实的。根据前文“Shemadeitmanytimesaday”及“awild,fearlesskid”可知，女儿每天跳窗台许多次，无惧无畏，充满了冒险精神。故选B项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把爱冒险的孩子扶起来，看着她爬上窗台，我读到上面的留言：“看着你成为妈妈是我最喜欢的事情。它给我带来了很多快乐!”A.example例子；B.report报告；C.story故事；D.message信息。根据前文“Thencameasoundfrommycellphone”可知，手机收到了短信。故选D项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把爱冒险的孩子扶起来，看着她爬上窗台，我读到上面的留言:“看着你成为妈妈是我最喜欢的事情。它给我带来了很多快乐!”A.luck运气；B.attention注意力；C.happiness快乐；D.love热爱。根据前文“Watchingyoubeamommyhasbeenmyfavorite”可知，作者和女儿的互动给朋友带来了欢乐。故选C项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我的朋友Megan把我从一团糟中救了出来。这正是我需要听到的，在我感到如此无助的那一刻。A.mess困境，乱局；B.joke玩笑；C.excuse借口；D.surprise惊讶。根据前文“workingfromhomedaringtheCOVID-19pandemicwhile____4____awild,fearlesskid”及“Iwasdefeatedbylife”可知，作者疲于应付工作和顽皮的女儿，生活陷入困境，而朋友的话鼓励了作者。故选A项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我的朋友Megan把我从一团糟中救了出来。这正是我需要听到的，在我感到如此无助的那一刻。A.share分享；B.write写下；C.accept接受；D.hear听到。根据前文“Ireadthe____7____”可知，朋友给作者的那些话正是作者需要听到的。故选D项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我的朋友Megan把我从一团糟中救了出来。这正是我需要听到的，在我感到如此无助的那一刻。A.afraid害怕的；B.helpless无助的；C.ashamed羞耻的；D.lonely孤独的。根据前文“Ifeltsosad.Iwasn’t____5____enoughandIwasn’tagoodmother.Iwasdefeatedbylife.”可知，作者正处于困境之中，面对淘气顽皮的女儿，感到无助。故选B项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她重建了我的信心，提醒我做母亲是我的使命，是我的幸福，是我最大的成就，即使这很艰难。A.promised答应；B.called打电话；C.reminded提醒；D.warned警告。根据后文“motherhoodismymission,myhappiness,andmygreatestachievement”可知，朋友的话提醒了作者作为一个母亲的使命。故选C项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她重建了我的信心，提醒我做母亲是我的使命，是我的幸福，是我最大的成就，即使这很艰难。A.hard艰难的；B.strange奇怪的；C.different不同的；D.dangerous危险的。根据前文“My16-month-olddaughterjumpedontotheflooragain”及“Shemadeitmanytimesaday”及“Iwasdefeatedbylife”可知，照顾年幼的女儿使作者身心俱疲。故选A项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时候，最大的善意是在适当的时候说一些鼓励的话。A.explanation解释；B.encouragement鼓励；C.advice建议；D.agreement同意。根据前文“Howtalentedyouare,andhowkindandfunnyyouare!”及“Sherebuiltmyconfidence”可知，有时候最大的善意就是像作者朋友一样，在适当的时候说一些鼓励的话。故选B项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，我回到了女儿的“珠穆朗玛峰”下，为她下一次的跳跃做准备。A.run跑步；B.flight飞行；C.cry哭喊；D.j