英语句子成分(经典)通用课件

EnglishSentenceElements(Classic)UniversalCour目录CONTENTSIntroductiontosentencecomponentssubjectpredicateobjectattributeadverbial01IntroductiontosentencecomponentsSentenceDefinitionAsentenceisagroupofwordsthatexpressesacompletethoughtandisgrammaticallycorrect.SentenceCompositionAsentenceiscomposedofvariouselementsthatworktogethertoconveyaspecificmeaning.SentenceDefinitionandComposition

ClassificationofsentencecomponentsIndependentclauseAclausethatcanstandaloneasacompletesentence.DependentclauseAclausethatcannotstandaloneandrequiresamainclausetocompletethesentence.PhraseAgroupofwordsthatfunctionsasapartofasentencebutisnotaclause.SubjectThepersonorthingperformingtheactionorbeingdescribedinthesentence.PrepositionalphraseAgroupofwordsthatdescribetherelationshipbetweenthesubject,verb,andobject.VerbTheactionorstateofbeingdescribedinthesentence.AdjectiveAwordthatmodifiesanoun,givingitmorespecificmeaning.ObjectThepersonorthingaffectedbytheactionorbeingdescribedinthesentence.AdverbAwordthatmodifiesaverb,adjective,oranotheradverbtoprovidemorespecificinformationaboutitsmeaning.Theroleofsentencecomponents02subjectSummaryThesubjectisthemainelementofasentencethatexpressesthepersonorthingperformingtheaction.DetailsThesubjecttypicallycomesbeforetheverbinEnglishsentences.Itisthefocalpointofthesentence,providinginformationaboutthepersonorthingresponsiblefortheactiondescribedbytheverb.Subjectscanbeeitherinthenominativeorobjectivecase,dependingonthegrammaticalstructureandcontextofthesentence.DefinitionofSubjectSummaryDetailsThetypeofsubjectTherearethreemaintypesofsubjects:simplesubjects,compoundsubjects,andcollectivesubjects.Simplesubjectsaresinglewordsorphrasesthatrepresentaperson,place,orthing.Compoundsubjectsaretwoormoresimplesubjectsconnectedbyconjunctionsorothermeans.Collectivesubjectsaregroupsofpeopleorthingsconsideredasasingleentity,suchas"thegovernment"or"theteam."Thetypeofsubjectreferstotheclassificationofsubjectsbasedontheirgrammaticalstructureandfunctioninthesentence.SummaryDetailsThepositionofthesubjectThepositionofthesubjectreferstoitsplacementinthesentence.Thepositionofthesubjectreferstoitsplacementinthesentence.03predicateApredicateisapartofasentencethatexpressesastateoreventandincludesthesubjectandtheverb.SummaryInEnglishgrammar,thepredicateisthepartofthesentencethatexpressestheactionorstateofthesubject.Itconsistsofthesubjectandtheverb,andmayalsoincludeobjects,complements,andadverbialsthatmodifytheactionorstate.Thepredicaterevealswhathappens,whatexists,orwhatistrueaboutthesubject.DescriptionDefinitionofpredicateThetypeofpredicateThetypeofpredicatereferstothestructureandcomplexityofthepredicateinasentence.SummaryThetypeofpredicatecanvarydependingonthecomplexityofthesentence.Simplesentenceshaveasinglepredicate,whilecomplexsentenceshavemultiplepredicates.Thetypeofpredicatecanalsobeclassifiedasactiveorpassivebasedonthevoiceoftheverb.DescriptionTheactionnatureofthepredicatereferstowhetherthesentenceexpressesastateoranaction.SummaryThepredicatecanexpresseitheranactionorastate.Actionpredicatesusuallyinvolvechangeormovement,whilestatepredicatesdescribeastaticconditionorrelationship.UnderstandingtheactionnatureofthepredicateiscrucialforcorrectlyanalyzingandunderstandingEnglishsentences.DescriptionTheactionnatureofthepredicate04objectThepersonorthingthatanactionisdoneto.Itisthereceiveroftheaction.Object"Igavethebooktohim."-"him"istheobject.ExampleDefinitionofObjectThepersonorthingthatreceivesthedirectactionoftheverb.DirectObjectIndirectObjectObjectofPrepositionObjectofInfinitiveThepersonorthingthatreceivestheindirectactionoftheverb.Thepersonorthingrelatedtothepreposition.Thepersonorthingrelatedtotheinfinitiveverb.ThetypesofobjectsFollowedObjectTheobjectisputaftertheverb.ObjectSandwichedTheobjectisputbetweenthesubjectandtheverb.FrontedObjectTheobjectisputinfrontoftheverb.Thepositionoftheobject05attributeAnattributeisadescriptiveelementthataddsinformationtothesubjectofasentence,modifyingitscharacteristicsorprovidingadditionaldetails.Itisusedtoprovidemorepreciseorspecificinformationaboutthesubject,makingthesentencemoremeaningfulanddescriptive.Anattributecanbeanoun,adjective,adverb,orprepositionalphrasethatmodifiesanounorpronoun.DefinitionofAttributiveAdjectiveDescribesanounorpronounbymodifyingitscharacteristicsorattributes.Example:"Thebeautifulsunset."AdverbDescribesaverb,adjective,orotheradverbbymodifyingitsaction,attribute,ordegree.Example:"Shesingsbeautifully."PrepositionalphraseDescribestherelationshipbetweenthesubjectandanotherelementinthesentence.Example:"Thecatonthemat."TypesofAttributiveBeforethenounTheattributeusuallycomesbeforethenounitmodifies,butthispositionisnotfixed.Example:"Thetallbuilding."AfterthenounInthisposition,theattributemodifiesthenounandprovidesadditionalinformationaboutit.Example:"Thebuildingistall."InbetweenthesubjectandpredicateThispositionislesscommon,butitcanbeusedtoemphasizetheattribute.Example:"Thecat,beautifulandplayful,enjoysthesunshine."Thepositionofattributive06adverbialAdverbialscanbesinglewords,suchas"quickly"or"slowly,"ormulti-wordphrases,suchas"inthemorning"or"ontheweekend."Adverbialsarewordsorphrasesthatmodifyordescribethemeaningofverbs,adjectives,otheradverbs,orclauses.Theyprovideadditionalinformationaboutthetime,manner,place,orcircumstancesoftheactionorstatedescribedinthesentence.DefinitionofAdverbials1234TimeadverbialsPlaceadver