2024届新高三开学摸底考试卷

2024届新高三开学摸底考试卷（课标全国专用）01

英语（考试版）

（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）

注意事项:

I.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡

皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每

段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对

话仅读一遍。

1.Whatdoesthewomansuggestdoing?

A.Goingonadiet.B.Havingsomeicecream.C.Seeingaplay.

2.Whatisthemandoing?

A.Showingaway.B.Askingfordirections.C.Makinganinvitation.

3.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?

A.Inatheater.B.Inashop.C.Inachildren,spark.

4.Whydoesthemancallthewoman?

A.Tobuyaplaneticket.B.Tobookahotelroom.C.Toleaveamessageforsomeone.

5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?

A.Ateacher.B.Atask.C.Amovie.

第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出

最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒

钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?

A.Checkin.B.Checkout.C.Bookaroom.

7.Howmuchwillthemanpayfortheroom?

A.$70.B.$280.C.$400.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8.Whatdoesthewomansayabouttheman,ssunglasses?

A.Theymadethemanlookstrange.

B.Theymadethemanlookenergetic.

C.Theycostmorethanshehadexpected.

9.Howlongdidthewomankeepthecomputer?

AForaboutsixmonths.B.Foraboutfourmonths.C.Forabouttwomonths.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10.Howdoesthemanreacttohisdaughter,ssmoking?

A.Hedoeshisbesttostophersmoking.

B.Hedoesn,tcareaboutitatall.

C.Hedoesn,tknowwhattodo.

11.Whydoestheman,sdaughtersmoke?

A.Tobeingoodshape.

B.Tobecomeamodeloranactress.

C.Toaskformoreattentionfromherparents.

12.Whatisthewoman,sopiniononteenagers,smoking?

A.Smokingadvertisementsshouldbebanned.

B.Disciplinesrelatedtosmokingshouldbeestablished.

C.Teenagersshouldrefusetoseethemoviesaboutsmoking.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13.Whatmonthisitnow?

A.July.B.August.C.September.

14.WhatisthewomangoingtodothisSeptember?

A.Startteaching.B.Joinaclub.C.Gotocollege.

15.Wheredidthewomanteachchildrenbefore?

A.InPrague.B.InLondon.C.InManchester.

16.Whatdoesthewoman,sfatherprobablythinkofherbeingateacher?

A.Satisfying.B.Unwise.C.Strange.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17.Whatcanlistenersinthecenterdoafterthespeech?

A.Workasaguide.B.Visitthecenter.C.Choosetheinstructors.

18.Whowillteachjazz?

A.Diana.B.Jim.C.Steve.

19.Whencanstudentshavebaseballclasses?

A.OnFridayafternoons.B.OnSaturdayafternoons.C.OnSundayafternoons.

20.Whichcourseisforbeginners?

A.Badminton.B.Tabletennis.C.Baseball.

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

STEMSummerProgramsforHighSchoolStudents

STEMisatermthatstandsforscience,technology,engineering,andmathematics.Hereisalistofsomeofthe

bestSTEMsummercampsforhighschoolstudents.

FutureMattersProgram

Itisaneight-weekpaidsummerresearchexperienceforhighschoolstudents.Thisisahands-onprogramfor

worldwidestudentsinterestedingoingafteracareerinmedicalresearch.Studentswillattendseminarsledby

facultyandparticipateindiscussionswithpeers.

SimonsSummerResearch

Itisaseven-weekprogramlocatedatStonyBrookUniversity.Studentswillhavetheopportunitytoparticipate

inspecialworkshops,toursandevents.Theywillconcludetheprogrambyproducingawrittenresearchabstractand

researchposter.

ResearchScienceInstitute

Itisthefirstcost-freeprogramofitskind.Duringthisseven-weekprogram,studentswilldivedeeperintothe

worldofscienceandengineeringbyexperiencingtheentireresearchcycle.Inthisprogram,studentsattendclasses

conductedbyfamousprofessorsandprepareoralpresentationstopresenttheirresearch.

PrograminMathforYoungScientists

Thisprogramisasix-weekintensivemathematicsprogramdesignedforstudentsacrosstheglobe.Unlike

commonprograms,itoffersagreatdealofindependenceforstudentstochoosetheirownschedulesanddecidewhat

theywanttostudy.Besideslearning,thereisalso"mandatory（强制）funtime“builtintotheweeklyschedulesothat

studentsareabletohavenon-mathrelatedactivities.

21.Whichprogramwillbesummarizedwithwrittenmaterial?

A.FutureMattersProgram.

B.SimonsSummerResearch.

C.ResearchScienceInstitute.

D.PrograminMathforYoungScientists.

22.WhatdoSimonsSummerResearchandResearchScienceInstitutehaveincommon?

A.Expense.B.Requirement.C.Duration.D.Content.

23.What,sspecialinPrograminMathforYoungScientists?

A.Cultivatingindependentsill.B.Attendingnon-mathactivities.

C.Enrollinginternationalstudents.D.Tailoringpersonalschedules.

B

WhenIwas13,1climbedmyfirstmountain—afairlygentle3,900-footpeak.Iwasoverweightatthetimeand

outofbreathwhenɪreachedthesummit.Butɪlovedchallengingmyself.SoonI,dclimbednearly100peaks.My

parentswerehappyI,dfinallyfoundahobby.

IoftengoclimbingwithmyfriendMelOlsen.SheandIdrovetotackle11,240-fbotMountHood.Ifssaferto

startwinterclimbsatnightwhenthere,slessriskofthesunmeltingthesnowpack.Thatday,Westartedat3a.m.At

around9a.m.,wereachedanicestep.Itwasaboutthreeorfourfeettallandslopedala75-degreeangle,ɪ

volunteeredtogofirst.Iplacedmyleftfootontheicestep.

Igainedasenseoftheicewhen1stuckmyaxandcrampons（鞋底钉）intoit,anditfeltgood.ConfidentIwas

safe,ɪputmyfullweightonit.Suddenly,Iheardacrack,andasthesnowpackbecamethinner,awholepieceofice

brokeoffthestep,rightundermyfoot.

Inaninstant,Ifellbackward,bouncingofftherockfaceandrollingdownthemountainasifIwereacharacter

inavideogame.Irememberthinking,Thisisit.You,redone.Istuckoutmyarmsandlegs,grabbingatanything.

Thatstoppedmyrollingdownthemountain,butIwasstillsliding,After2fewseconds,Icametoastopona

shallowslope.

Iaskedmyself:Whereareyou?MountHood.What,sthedate?December30.Good.Mybrainwasfunctioning.

ThenIcheckedmybodytoseewhereɪwashurt.Forthemostpart,Iwasfine,exceptthatɪwassufferingfroma

sharppaininmyleftleg.LaterΓdlearnthatI,dbrokenmyfemur（大腿骨）andthatthebonewasslicingintomy

skinandmuscle.

AtthebottomofMountHood,Iwasloadedintoanambulanceandtakentoahospital.Thedoctorstoldmeit

wouldbeayearbeforeIcouldclimbagain,butIwasbackonthetrailswithinsixmonths.

24.Whydidtheauthorandherfriendsetoutat3a.m.?

A.Itwasthebesttimetoenjoyscenery.B.Itwasmorechallengingtoclimbatnight.

C.Theywantedtofinishtheclimbbeforesunset.D.Theyhopedtoavoidsomepossibledangers.

25.Whyis“acharacterinavideogame“mentionedinparagraph4?

A.Toshowherstrongcharacter.B.Tomakeherideamoreconvincing.

C.Tohelpreadersimaginethescene.D.Toaddtothehumorofthedescription.

26.Howdidtheauthormakesureshecouldstillthinkclearly?

A.Byrecallingwhathadhappened.B.Bycheckingwhethershewasinjured.

C.Bycallinganambulanceforrescue.D.Byaskingherselfsomefactualquestions.

27.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthor?

A.Sheistoobravetopayattentiontoanydanger.

B.RShehasastrongdesireforprofessionalknowledge.

C.Setbackscan,tstopherfromchallengingherself.

D.Thelovefornaturesetsherapartfromherfriends.

C

Canceriscausedbygenemutations（突变）thataccumulateincellsovertime,yetlong-livedanimalsthathave

lotsofcells,suchaselephantsandwhales,hardlyevergetit.Why?

Forelephants,atleast,partoftheanswermaybethegenecommonlyknownasp53,whichalsohelpshumans

andmanyotheranimalsrepairDNAdamagedduringreplication（复制）.Elephantshaveanamazing20copiesof

thisgene.Thosecopies,eachwithtwovariationsproduceatotalof40proteins,comparedwithhumans,（andmost

animals,）singlecopyproducingtwoproteins.

Inmammals,p53playsacrucialroleinpreventingmutatedcellsfromturningintotumors（肿瘤）.Itworksby

pausingreplicationandtheneitherinitiatingrepairorcausingcellstoself-destructifthedamageistooextensive.

Withoutactionfromp53,cancercaneasilytakehold:inmorethanhalfofallhumancancers,thegene,sfunctionhas

beenlostthroughrandommutations.

Thescientistsvirtuallymodeledandstudiedcarefullyelephants,40p53proteins,findingtwowaysthegene

couldhelpelephantsavoidcancer.First,thefactthatelephantspossessmultiplecopieslowersthechanceofp53no

longerworkingbecauseofmutations.Additionally,elephants,p53copiesactivateinresponsetovaryingmutations

andsorespondtodamagedcellsdifferently,whichlikelygivesanedgewhendetectingandgettingridofmutations.

These“remarkable“resultsimplythatelephantshaveaseriesofmeansthoughwhichp53canoperate,says

SueHaupt,acellbiologistwhowasnotinvolvedinthework.Thispointsto4⅛xcitingpossibilitiesforexploring

powerfulnewapproachestocancerprotectioninhumans,,,sheadds.

Studyco-authorRobinFahraeusandhiscolleaguesarenowfollowingupontheseresultsusingbloodsamples

fromanAfricanelephantattheViennaZoo.Theyareexploringhowitsp53proteinsinteractwithdamagedcells

andplantocomparethosefindingswithresultsfromhumancells.

28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"initiating“meaninparagraph3?

A.Delaying.B.Indicating.C.Stopping.D.Starting.

29.Howdop53copiesfreeelephantsfromcancer?

A.Bypreventingthereplicationthoroughly.

B.Byprovidingpreciseresponsecontinuously.

C.Byloweringthechanceofmutationsinadvance.

D.Byrepairingthedamagedcellsinthesameway.

30.WhatcanWeconcludefromthelast2paragraphs?

A.Theresultsneedfurthertests.

B.Morebiologistswillparticipateinthestudy.

C.Theresultsthrowlightonhumans,fightingcancer.

D.ResearchershavenewfindingsinAfricanelephants.

31.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Whyelephantsdon,tgetcancer.

B.Whatcontributestoelephants,longlife.

C.Wheretheanticancerbreakthroughlies.

D.HoWthekeycancer-fightinggeneworks.

D

Theimpactoftheman-madeclimatecrisisonAntarcticaisscientificallyundeniable:stableiceshelvesare

retreating,airtemperatureincreasedby3degreesCelsius,kri∏（磷虾）numbersaredeclining,meltingiceis

contributingtosealevelrise,andpolarbearsandsealsaregettingdisplaced.''Antarcticbiodiversitycoulddecline

substantiallybytheendofthecenturyifwecontinuewithbusinessasusual.,,JasmineRachaelLee,leadauthorof

theUniversityofQueenslandstudysays.

PublishedinthejournalPLOSBiology,thestudyfindspopulationdeclinesarelikelyfor65%ofthe

continent'splantsandwildlifebytheyear2100.ThemostVUlnerabIe（月危弱的）speciesistheEmperorpenguins.In

October2022,theU.S.FishandWildlifeServicelistedEmperorpenguinsasathreatenedspeciesunderthe

EndangeredSpeciesAct（ESA）,asexpertspredicttheflightlessseabirdwillseea26%to47%dipinitspopulation

by2050.ςςThislistingreflectsthegrowingextinctioncrisisandhighlightstheimportanceoftheESAandeffortsto

conservespeciesbeforepopulationdeclinesbecomeirreversible（不可逆转）.“saidServiceDirectorMartha

Williamsatthetime.

AsidefromEmperorpenguins,otherAntarcticspecialists,liketheAdeliepenguinanddrysoilnematodes,

werealsohighlyvulnerable.Weurgentlyneedacombinationofglobalandlocalconservationactiontobest

conserveAntarcticspecies.Globalactionandglobalvoicestohelprelieveclimatechange-becausethebiggest

threattoAntarcticaiscomingfromoutsideofit.Andthenweneedlocalactionstohelpprotectbiodiversityagainst

localthreatsandgivethemthebestchanceofadaptingtoclimatechanges.ThiswillhelptosaveOIIriCOniC（代表性

的）speciesliketheEmperorpenguinsandallofAntarctica9Suniqueandhighlyadaptedinhabitants,ɪtwillalsohelp

humankind,asWerelyheavilyonthepricelessservicestheAntarcticprovidesinregulatingourclimateand

capturingsealevelinitsicesheets.

32.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1?

A.Theimpactofclimatecrisisisusuallydenied.

B.Conservationeffortsarebadlyneeded.

C.AirtemperatureonAntarcticincreases3℃annually.

D.Sealevelriseresultsinseabirdslosingtheirhabitats.

33.WhyistheEmperorpenguinmentionedinParagraph2?

A.ToserveasacalltoprotectwildlifeonAntarctic

B.Toreflectthegrowingpopulationofwildspecies.

C.ToprovetheeffectivenessoftheEndangeredSpeciesAct.

D.Tohighlightthesevereimpactofrisingtemperature.

34.Whatisprobablythebestconservationpolicy?

A.ReducingthechancesofmakingatriptoAntarctic.

B.Makingjointeffortstorelieveclimatechange.

C.Attemptingtoprovideessentialnutrientstotheecosystem.

D.ContinuingtocanyforwardtheEndangeredSpeciesAct.

35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.PlantsandWildlifeonAntarcticaWillDeclineQuickly

B.AntarcticSpeciesAreVulnerabletoHumanThreats

C.MoreActionShouldBeTakentoProtectWildlifeonAntarctica

D.TheBestConservationStrategyWillBeCarriedOutSoon

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Weoftentrytosavemoneyforavarietyofdifferentreasons.Itmightbetosaveupforanewcomputerorput

moneyasideintoarainy-dayfund.36.butarecentstudyshowedthatoverhalfofall22~29-year-olds

livingintheUKhavenosavingsatall.Didtheymaxoutontoomanythings,orarethereotherfactors?Andhow

canwebecomebettersavers?

First,putastoptothoseimpulsebuys.37evenifitisonsaleorlookslikeabargain.Impulsebuys

aredoneintheheatofthemomentandwithoutthoughtforwhatit,scostingyou.Encouragingyourselftoquestion

yourpurchasebeforeyoubuyallowsyoutoprocesswhatyouaredoing.

38.Withdrawcashbeforeyougotoarestaurantorshoppingandsetafixedbudgetyoumuststickto.

Also,anychangethatcomesfromyourtransactionswhenyou,reusingcashcanbeputinjaranddepositedintoyour

account.

Finally,bedisciplined.39lt,saboutstickingtoit,too.Youshouldn,tbedippingintoyoursavings

everytimeyoufeellikeit.Settingupastandingorderfromyourcurrentaccountintoyoursavingsthemomentyou

receiveyoursalarywillensureyoukeepupthehabit.40

Justastheoldsayinggoes:"Apennysavedisapennyeamed.^^ThesearesomeoftheactionsWecantaketo

helpusallbecomebettersavers.

A.Learninghowtosaveisimportant

B.Askaboutdiscountsandpayincash

C.Ifsnotjustaboutcreatingthatbudget

D.Sometimes,savingmoneycanbedifficult

E.Anotherwayistousecashratherthancard

EAskyourselfifyoureallyneedtobuysomething

G.Successfulsaverssticktotheirplansandwatchthemoneypileup

第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节（共20小题；每小题L5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Itwasacold,sunnyDecemberdaywhenIsetoutforaruninMoab,Utah,withmydog,Taz.Aboutanhour

intomy41alongaremotecanyon（峡谷）trail,ɪhitapatchofblackice（透明薄冰）andthen4260feet

intothecanyon.Iwasn,tparalyzed,butIwasingreat43.Tazhadmanagedto44hiswaybacktome,

sotheremustbeawayoutofthecanyon,butɪcouldn,t45orevencrawl.

Ishoutedforhelpandwasintenton46myselftothebottomofthecanyon.Everyinchwasaneffort.It

47mefivehourstogoaquarterofamile.48itgotsodarkthatIhadtostaywhereIwasforthenight,

nexttoapuddle（水坑）ofwater.Atnightthetemperaturedroppedbelow49.Tazstayedwithme,50

somewarmth.Thenextmorning,Icouldn,tmoveatall.Itriedtostay51.Thesecondnightinthecanyon

seemedeven52andcolder.Thepuddleturnedtoice,andIhadto53ittogetwater.

Onthethirdday,Ifeltmyselfgrowingweaker.IwascomingtotermswiththefactthatImight54.Ina

last55,IcalledTazoverandtoldhimtogoandgethelp.Taztookoffthroughthecanyonandɪlaythere

thinkingaboutmyfamilyandfriends.TherewasmorethatIwantedfromlife.

Tazreturned,56ThenIheardanengineinthedistance.Icriedwithjoy.It57thatTazhadfound

asearchand58team.Iwasairliftedtothehospital,wheredoctorsfoundIhadlostalmosthalfthe59

inmybody.Iftherescueteamhadarrivedlater,Iwouldn'thave60it.Iwasgratefultomyfaithfulfriend

-Taz.

41.A.moveB.marchC.walkD.run

42.A.fellB.jumpedC.brokeD.headed

43.A.lossB.shockC.painD.need

44.A.pushB.locateC.findD.confirm

45.A.standB.escapeC.cryD.shout

46.A.pushingB.draggingC.liftingD.pulling

47.A.tookB.costC.wastedD.gave

48.A.TemporarilyB.EventuallyC.FortunatelyD.Initially

49.A.normalB.boilingC.freezingD.average

50.A.admiringB.repeatingC.deliveringD.providing

51.A.humbleB.confidentC.positiveD.negative

52.A.quieterB.longerC.shorterD.louder

53.A.sharpenB.adoptC.appreciateD.crack

54.A.agreeB.helpC.leaveD.die

55.A.effortB.trialC.chanceD.break

56.A.aliveB.asleepC.awakeD.alone

57.A.cameoutB.turnedoutC.provedoutD.workedout

58.A.surveyB.interviewC.rescueD.sports

59.A.bloodB.cellsC.waterD.sweat

60.A.enteredB.madeC.reachedD.got

第二节（共10小题；每小题L5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

ScientistsfirstdiscoveredthetwospeciesintheWolongNationalNatureReservein2021.Theylater61

(confirm)thattheywereneworchidandprimrosespecies.Andthen,thetinyorchid,Gastrochilusheminii,62

(list)asadata-deficientspeciesbytheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature,meaningmoreinformationto

assessitsriskof63(extinct).

Theprimrosespecies,anotherdata-deficientflora,growsoncliffsatanaltit