山东省济宁市兖州区2020-2021学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题

2020—2021学年第二学期期中检测高二英语试题本试卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，共12页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。考试结束后，将第Ⅱ卷答题卷和答题卡一并交回。注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号和准考证号填写在答题卡和第Ⅱ卷答题卷规定的位置上。2.第Ⅰ卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。3.第Ⅱ卷答题卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卷各题目指定区域内相应的位置，不能写在试卷上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。第Ⅰ卷（共100分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5个小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanoffertodo?A.Paintthedoors. B.Painttheceiling. C.Lookforajob.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Ihavepaintedthedoors,butIdon’tthinkIcanfinishpaintingtheceiling.M:eon,it’sman’sjob.Leaveittome.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wherearethespeakers?A.Athome. B.Inashop. C.Inarestaurant.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:MyhusbandandIhavebeenkeptherewaitingnearlyanhourforourmeal!M:Iamsorry.Ourstaffhavebeenkeptunusuallybusynow.Wehavesomanygueststoday.Iwillseetoitpersonally.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whattimeisthetrainleaving?A.At10:55 B.At10:35 C.At10:25【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Whenaretheotherguysgoingtogethere?Thetrainissupposedtoleaveinfifteenminutes.W:Itis10:40already.Itoldthemtobehereby10:20.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howdoesthewomanfeelabouttheman?A.Sympathetic. B.Indifferent. C.Angry.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Ihavetodothewashingupearlyinthemorning.W:Pooryou.Whileyouaredoingthewashingup,Iwillbehavingbreakfastinbed.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthemandonext?A.Goforabikeride. B.Playbasketball. C.Havearest.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Whydon’tyougooutside?You’realwayssittinginsidethehouse,mostlywatchingTV.It’ssummertime.Goforabikeridewithyourfriendsorplaybasketballinthepark.M:Idon’tfeellikeit.Summerisforbeinglazy.Iworkhardallyearatschool,andallIwanttodointhesummerissitaroundandrelax.第二节（共15题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.WhatdidthemandolastSaturday?A.Hestudiedalot. B.Hejoinedaclub. C.Hewentcamping.7.Whydopeoplejoin“FlashPlay”?A.Toexperienceacrisis. B.Tomakefriends. C.Toearnmoney.【答案】6.C7.B【解析】【原文】W:Hi,Tom.WhatdidyoudolastSaturday?M:IcampedoutinthesuburbsofBeijingbyjoiningamakingfriendgroup.W:Oh,really?Itissocalled“FlashPlay”?M:Yeah.Ihaddoubtaboutitbefore.Butnow,Ithinkitisagoodwaytomakefriends.W:Absolutely.Someofmyfriendshavesuchexperiences.ButIprefertogooutbymyself.M:Haha,youareout.Nowitiseconomiccrisis.Everyonewantstosavemoneybutalsowantstogooutforfun.“FlashPlay”cankeepyourmoneyinyourpocket.Ifyouareupset,maybetheycanmakeyouhappy.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whendidthewomanhaveaninterview?A.2daysago. B.5daysago. C.Aweekago.9.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A.Giveacalltoaskabouttheresult.B.Havesomecoffeeforrelaxation.C.Bepatientandwaitfortheresult.【答案】8.A9.C【解析】【原文】M:Oh,thephoneisringing!W:Wait!Letmeanswerthephone.Itmustbemine!Hello,thisisBettyspeaking.Who’scalling?What?HappyCoffeeShop?Wrongnumber!M:Wow.Whydidyouspeaksorudelyandloudly?W:Ithoughtitwasacallabouttheresultofmyinterview.M:Darling.Pleasestopbeingsoanxious.Didn’tyousaythattheywouldinformyouinaweek?W:Ithasbeentwodays…M:Youneedtobepatient.Theycanneverdecideanimportantthinglikethisinagreathurry.Trytocalmdown.W:Perhapsyouareright.I’lljusttrytowaitpeacefully.M:Good.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Howwillthewomanspendhersummerholiday?A.Studyathome. B.Workintheshop. C.Travelwithhermother.11.Withwhomdoesthemanplantogototheseaside?A.Hisparents. B.Hisfriends. C.Hisbrothers.12.Whatlessonsdoesthewomanwanttotake?A.Piano. B.Swimming. C.English.【答案】10.B11.C12.A【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Jane.Whereareyougoingthissummerholiday?W:Nowhere.I’mstayingathometohelpmymotherintheshop.Whatareyougoingtodofortheholidays,Tom?M:I’mnotsureyet.ButI’mthinkingofgoingtothebeachwithmybrothers.W:That’llbenice.Howlongareyougoingtostaythere?M:Coupleofdays,Iguess.Say,wouldyouliketoealongwithus?Wecangoswimminginthesea.W:Thanks,butmaybenexttime.Mymotherreallyneedssomehelpintheshop.Besides,Idon’twanttomissmypianolessons.Sohavefun,andI’llseeyouinSeptember.M:Well,seeyouthen.Enjoyyourholidays.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.WheredoesSallywanttogo?A.Thezoo. B.TheLondonEye. C.TheCoventGarden.14.WhatisBillyinterestedin?A.Boats. B.Operas. C.Paintings.15.WhatdoesthemansuggestthewomandoinOxfordStreet?A.Dosomeshopping. B.Enjoyanopera. C.Visitherparents.16.Whatisthewomanrelatedtotheman?AHismother. B.Hiswife. C.Hisguide.【答案】13.B14.A15.A16.B【解析】【原文】W:Gerry,eandlookattheinformationpackforourtriptoLondon.M:Therearesomanythingstodo,Penny.Idon’tknowwheretostart.W:Well,whydon’twestartwiththekids?Idon’tthinkSallywouldlikethezoo.Shealwaysfeelssorryfortheanimals,butshe’sbeenaskingabouttheLondonEyeforweeks,sowehavetogothere.M:You’reright.WhataboutBilly?Helovesboats,soit’seithertheThamesorthezoo.W:DefinitelytheThamesforBilly.WhataboutanoperaatCoventM:Thatwouldbegreat.Soyoudon’twanttogoshoppinginOxfordStreetthen?W:Whichpageisthaton?Wow!Thislooksfantastic.TherearesomanygreatshopsinOxfordStreet.Willyouewithme?M:I’lleifyoureallywantmeto,dear.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whomisthespeakertalkingto?A.Students’parents. B.Visitors. C.Newstudents.18.Howmanydepartmentsarethereinthecollege?A.4. B.5. C.6.19.WheredotheteachersintheEnglishdepartmentmainlyefrom?A.EnglandandAmerica.B.AmericaandAustralia.C.AmericaandCanada.20.Whichisthelargestbuildinginthecollege?A.Themainlibrary. B.Thedininghall. C.TheEnglishdepartmentbuilding.【答案】17.C18.B19.C20.A【解析】【原文】M:Boysandgirls,ourschoolisaninternationallanguagecollege.Asyousee,therearealotofbuildingsoncampus.Thecollegeusedtohavefourdepartments—English,French,GermanandRussian.ButthereisnowalsoaChinesedepartment.Atthemomentwe’reoutsideyourdepartment,theEnglishdepartment,whichisthelargestdepartmentinthecollege.Thereareover750studentsineachgradeandwehave350teachers,including150professors.Theseteachersarefromdifferentcountries,mainlyfromtheUSAandCanada,withafewfromEnglandandAustralia.You’llhaveallyourclasseshereinthisbuildingandalltheprofessorsfromCanadaareworkinghere,soyoucantalkwiththeminyoursparetime.Now,let’swalkovertothemainlibrary,whichisthelargestbuildinginthecollege,justnexttotheEnglishdepartmentbuilding.Ah,thisisthemainlibrary.OK,let’setothenextbuilding—thedininghall,whereyouwillhaveyourmealseveryday.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。ASHARKCONSERVATIONINSOUTHAFRICATakeatwoweektripthatyouwillneverforgetasavolunteerwithsharksonabeautifulstretchofSouthAfrica’scoastline.Headouttoseatowitnessoneoftheworld’smostpowerful(andmostmisunderstood)creaturesonthisinspiringproject,enjoyingwatchingthemfrombothaboveandbelowwater.TheDAYBYDAYscheduleDay1:ArriveinCapeTownonaSunday.Youwillbecollectedfromtheairportandspendyourfirstnightinaguesthouseinthecitycentre.Day2:Youwillbecollectedbrightandearlyfromtheguesthouseandtakendowntotheproject.Thedrivetakesabout90minutes.Youwillreceiveaweleandheadouttoseatowitnessyourfirstsharks!Day3+:Mostdaysyouwillbeoutontheboatwiththesharks,dependingonweather.Helpoutwiththefullrangeoftasksontheboats,andinconservationinitiativesonlandtoo.Lastday:OnthefinaldayofyourprojectyouwillbetakenbacktoCapeTownforyouronwardtravel.Thepriceis£829,includingthevoluntaryworkprogrammewithacmodations,airporttransfers,onenightinaguesthouseinCapeTown,breakfastsdailyandluncheswhenontheboats.Yourtripcanbeextendedatacostof£375perweek.Itisanamazingexperience!Somevolunteersplannedtostayfor4weeks,extendedto6weeksandstilldidn’twanttoehome.Ifyou’dliketochataboutthisholidayorneedhelp,we’reveryhappytohelp.Callusat01273823700.Emailusat.21.Whenwillyoureallybeginyoursharkwatchingtrip?A.OnaFriday. B.OnaSaturday.COnaSunday. D.OnaMonday.22.Whatwillyouprobablydoonthethirddayifweatherpermits?A.Sailontheocean.B.ReturntoCapeTown.C.Buysomesouvenirs.D.Divewithsharks.23.Howmuchwillyouspendonathreeweeksharkconservationtrip?A.£375. B.£750. C.£829. D.£1,204.【答案】21.D22.A23.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一个为期二周的鲨鱼保护之旅的具体安排和活动细节。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据TheDAYBYDAYschedule中“Day1:ArriveinCapeTownonaSunday.(星期天到达开普敦。)

”和“Day2:Youwillreceiveaweleandheadouttoseatowitnessyourfirstsharks!(您将受到欢迎，并出海见证您的第一条鲨鱼！)”可知，周日到达观测鲨鱼的地方，第二天看到第一条鲨鱼。由此可知，在这次观测鲨鱼之旅的日程安排中，周一可以开始观测鲨鱼之旅。故选D。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据Day3+:Mostdaysyouwillbeoutontheboatwiththesharks,dependingonweather.(第三天以后:根据天气情况，大部分时间你会和鲨鱼一起出海。)”可知，如果天气情况许可，第三天你海上航行观测鲨鱼。故选A。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Takeatwoweektrip…”和倒数第四段“Thepriceis£829,includingthevoluntaryworkprogrammewithacmodations,

airporttransfers,onenightinaguesthouseinCapeTown,breakfastsdailyandluncheswhenontheboats.Yourtripcanbeextendedatacostof£375perweek.(价格为829英镑，包括志愿工作计划，包括住宿、机场接送、在开普敦的宾馆住一晚、每天早餐和船上午餐。您的旅行可以延长，每周费用为375英镑。)可知，因为这是一个两周的旅行项目，所以为期三周的鲨鱼保护之旅，你需要支付：£829+£375=£1204。故选D。BAclevertechnologisttooksteamboatinventionsandturnedthemintothefirstmercialsteamboatservice.AlthoughRobertFultondidnotinventthesteamboat,asismonlybelieved,heplayedanimportantroleinmakingsteamboattravelareality.HewasborninPennsylvaniain1765.Asayoungman,hesetouttomakehisnameasaportraitpainter.HiscareertookhimtoEuropeandintotheorbitofpeoplewiththepowertosupporthimpoliticallyandfinancially.FultonenteredLondonsocietyafterhepaintedBenjaminFranklin,sportrait.Whileabroad,Fultonlefttheartsforacareerinshipbuilding.Hewasinterestedintherecently—inventedsteamengine,andthoughtitcouldbeusedtopowerships.Fulton’svisionwasnotoriginal;manyothershadenteredthefield,andtheunfortunateinventorJohnFitchhadbuiltaworkingsteamshipalready.ButlikeHenryFord,Fulton’stalentlaynotintheinventionbutintheproduct’sapplicationinthemarketplace.Fultondidn’tfocusentirelyonthesteamboat.In1804,hetestedthefirstsubmarinesuccessfully,whichhehadbuiltfortheBritishRoyalNavy.HisinventionwouldmakehimacelebrityuponhisreturntotheUnitedStatestwoyearslater.Fulton’spartnerRobertLivingstonobtainedanexclusivelicenseforsteamboatservicesonNewYork’sHudsonRiver.ItwastimeforFultontodeliver.Tobuildanefficient,reliablesteamboat,FultonusedaspecialEnglishsteamengine.Theship’sbottomwasflatanditssternwassquare.ThesteamboatClermontmadeitsdebut(首次亮相)onAugust17,1807,steaminguptheriverfromNewYorktoAlbany,anditsoonenteredmercialservices.ThehillyterrainofNewYorkmadewatertransportfasterthanlandtransport,andFulton’sboat—formerlyknownasthe“NorthRiverSteamboat”—wasahit.Withinfiveyears,FultonwouldberunningservicesonsixmajorriversplustheChesapeakeBay,andbringingreatprofits.24.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph3?A.HenryFordwasasunfortunateasJohnFitch.B.Fultonlefttheartsashecouldn’tsupporthimself.C.HenryFordwastalentedinproductapplication.D.Fultonwasthefirsttocreateaworkingsteamship.25.WhendidFultonbeeacelebrityintheUnitedStates?A.In1804. B.In1806. C.In1807. D.In1812.26.WhatismentionedaboutClermont?A.ItearnedFaultmuchmoney. B.Itoperatedforfiveyears.C.IthadanAmericansteamengine. D.Itwasnotacceptedbypeopleatfirst.27.What’sthebesttitleofthetext?A.RobertFulton：AGreatInventor B.RobertFultonandhisSteamboatC.SteamboatsChangingWaterTransport D.TheHistoryofmercialSteamboats【答案】24.C25.B26.A27.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了RobertFulton的人生经历，他最初是一位画家，后来致力于研究蒸汽船的应用。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“ButlikeHenryFord,Fulton’stalentlaynotintheinventionbutintheproduct’sapplicationinthemarketplace”（Fulton和HenryFord一样，他的天赋不在于发明而在于产品的市场应用），可推知，HenryFord的天赋是产品的市场应用，选项C与文意相符，故选C。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In1804,hetestedthefirstsubmarinesuccessfully,whichhehadbuiltfortheBritishRoyalNavy.HisinventionwouldmakehimacelebrityuponhisreturntotheUnitedStatestwoyearslater”（1804年，RobertFulton成功测试了第一艘潜水艇，这使得他在两年后一回到美国就成了名人），可知他是在1806年成名。选项B与文意相符，故选B。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Fulton’sboatformerlyknownasthe‘NorthRiverSteamboat’wasahit.Withinfiveyears,FultonwouldberunningservicesonsixmajorriversplustheChesapeakeBay,andbringingreatprofits”（Fulton的船受到了人们的欢迎，带来了很大的利润），可知，Clermont船让Fulton赚了很大一笔钱。选项A与文意相符，故选A。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Aclevertechnologisttooksteamboatinventionsandturnedthemintothefirstmercialsteamboatservice.”（一位聪明的技术专家将蒸汽船的发明变成了第一个商业蒸汽船服务。）第二段第一句“AlthoughRobertFultondidnotinventthesteamboat,asismonlybelieved,heplayedanimportantroleinmakingsteamboattravelareality.”（虽然RobertFulton没有发明汽船，但是人们普遍认为，他在使汽船旅行成为现实方面，起了重要作用。）最后一段中的“Fulton’sboatformerlyknownasthe‘NorthRiverSteamboat’wasahit.Withinfiveyears,FultonwouldberunningservicesonsixmajorriversplustheChesapeakeBay,andbringingreatprofits”（Fulton的船受到了人们的欢迎，带来了很大的利润）可知，本文主要讲述了RobertFulton的人生经历，他将蒸汽船的发明变成了第一个商业蒸汽船服务。所以文章的标题可以是RobertFulton和他的蒸汽船。选项B与文意相符，故选B。CJournalistsarethemajorgroupofpeoplewhomaketheirlivingfromwriting.Manyyoungpeoplewhoseethemselvesasfuturenovelistschoosejournalismasawayofearningalivingwhiledevelopingtheirwritingskills.Althoughwritingfornewspapersandwritingforbooksrequiredifferentqualities,theaspiration(志向)tobeagreatwriterisnotonetobediscouragedinawould—bejournalist.Mostpeoplewanttheirworktoberecognizedbyothers.Thishelpstogiveitvalue.Somepeoplealsowantthemselvestoberecognized,sothattheyhavestatus(地位)intheeyesofsociety.Itisnotabadmotivetowishtobefamous,butthismustneverbeeyourmainreasonforbeingajournalist.Youwillnotbeagoodjournalistifyoucaremoreforimpressingyouraudiencethanforservingtheirneeds.Knowingthepoweroftheprintedorspokenwordorimage,somepeopleenterjournalismforthepoweritwillgivethemtoinfluencepeople.Thereisastrongbeliefthatjournalistscontrolthemassmediabutthebestjournalistsrecognizetheirroleasservantsofthepeople.Thereisadifferencebetweenthedesiretoinfluenceeventsforyourownsake,andthedesiretodoitforotherpeople.Youshouldneverusejournalismforselfishends,butyoucanuseittoimprovethelifeofotherpeople.Curiosityisanaturalpartofmostpeople’scharactersandanimportantingredientforanyjournalist.Lotsofyoungmenandwomenentertheprofessionwiththedesiretoknowmoreabouttheworldwithoutneedingtospecializeinlimitedfieldsofstudy.Mostjournaliststendtoknowalittlebitaboutalotofthings,ratherthanalotaboutonesubject.Knowledgehasmanyuses.Itcansimplyhelptomakeyouafullerandmoreinterestingperson.Itcanalsogiveyoupoweroverpeople,especiallypeoplewhodonothavethatparticularknowledge.Alwaysbearinmindthatpowercanbeusedinapositivewaytoimprovepeople’slives.28.Whatcanweknowfromthefirstparagraph?A.Journalistsaremostlikelytobeegreatwriters.B.Writingfornewspapersissimilartowritingfornovels.C.Journalismcanbeusedasameanstoimprovewriting.D.Mostofthejournalistsmakealivingbywritingbooks.29.Whydosomepeoplewantthemselvestoberecognized?A.Toearnmuchwealth. B.Togetgreatpower.C.Togainhighposition. D.Tolearnrichknowledge.30.WhatismostnecessaryforjournalistsaccordingtoParagraph4?A.Havingawiderangeofknowledge. B.Beingspecializedinacertainfield.C.Beinggoodatmakingfriendswithothers. D.Beingabletospeakaforeignlanguagewell.31.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Thedevelopmentofjournalism. B.Thechallengesjournalistsfacenow.C.Whypeoplechooseacareerinjournalism. D.Howtobeeaqualifiedjournalist.【答案】28.C29.C30.A31.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了为什么人们选择新闻职业。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Manyyoungpeoplewhoseethemselvesasfuturenovelistschoosejournalismasawayofearningalivingwhiledevelopingtheirwritingskills.”（许多视自己为未来小说家的年轻人选择新闻作为一种谋生的方式，同时培养自己的写作技能。）可知，新闻可以作为提高写作水平的一种手段。选项C与文意相符，故选C。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“Somepeoplealsowantthemselvestoberecognized,sothattheyhavestatusintheeyesofsociety.”（有些人也希望自己被认可，让自己在社会上有地位。）可知，有些人希望自己被认可，是为了获得很高的地位。选项C与文意相符，故选C。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Knowledgehasmanyuses.Itcansimplyhelptomakeyouafullerandmoreinterestingperson.Itcanalsogiveyoupoweroverpeople,especiallypeoplewhodonothavethatparticularknowledge.”（知识有许多用途。它只会帮助你成为一个更充实、更有趣的人。它也能让你掌控别人，尤其是那些没有这种特殊知识的人。）可知，广博的知识对记者来说最必要的。选项A与文意相符，故选A。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段第二句“Manyyoungpeoplewhoseethemselvesasfuturenovelistschoosejournalismasawayofearningalivingwhiledevelopingtheirwritingskills.”（许多视自己为未来小说家的年轻人选择新闻作为一种谋生的方式，同时培养自己的写作技能。）；第二段第一句“Mostpeoplewanttheirworktoberecognizedbyothers.”（大多数人都希望自己的工作得到别人的认可。）；第三段第一句“Knowingthepoweroftheprintedorspokenwordorimage,somepeopleenterjournalismforthepoweritwillgivethemtoinfluencepeople.”（知道印刷或口头的文字或形象的力量，一些人进入新闻行业是为了获得影响他人的权力。），第四段第一句和第二句“Curiosityisanaturalpartofmostpeople'scharactersandanimportantingredientforanyjournalist.Lotsofyoungmenandwomenentertheprofessionwiththedesiretoknowmoreabouttheworldwithoutneedingtospecializeinlimitedfieldsofstudy.”（好奇心是大多数人性格中很自然的一部分，也是任何记者的重要组成部分。许多年轻男女进入这个行业的愿望是要更多地了解这个世界，而不需要专门研究有限的领域。）可知，文章主要介绍了为什么人们选择新闻职业。选项C符合题意，故选C。DAnewreportconnectseatingeggstoanincreasedriskofheartdisease.Theresultsfollowseveralearlierstudiesthatfoundeatingeggswasgenerallyhealthy.Thestudycollectsdatafromsixotherearlierstudies.Itshowsa6percentincreasedriskofheartdiseasewhenthenumberofeggsapersonateeachdayincreasedbyhalfanegg.NorrinaAllen,anassociateprofessoratNorthwesternUniversitysaidthat,intheUnitedStates,eggsaregenerallyoneofthetopsourcesofcholesterol(胆固醇)inaperson’sdailyfood.Peoplewithhigherlevelsofcholesterolintheirfoodareatincreasedriskofthedevelopmentofheartdiseaselaterinlife.However,Allenaddedthatshewouldnotsaythateggsarepletelyunhealthy.“I’mnotsayingthatpeopleshouldtakethempletelyoutoftheirfood,”shesaid.“I’mjustsuggestingthatpeopleeattheminaproperamount.”Someexpertsbelievethenewstudydoesnotprovethateggsarecausingheartdisease.“Cholesterol’sroleinthedevelopmentofheartdiseasehasbeendiscussedformorethan30years,”saidBruemmer,anassociateprofessorofmedicineattheUniversityofPittsburghMedicalCenter.“Thisstudydoeshaveclearshortings,includingselfreportingatasingletimepoint,”headded.Bruemmersaid,“Eggsinmoderation(适度)areprobablyacceptablefromanutritionalstandpoint.”“Moderation,”headded,“islessthanoneeggaday,includingeggsinfoodssuchasbread”.HollyAndersen,adoctorattheNewYorkPresbyterian/WeillCornellMedicalCenter,agreesthatthestudyhas“realshortings”.OneproblemAndersenhaswiththestudyisthatalotoftheeggeatingpeopleinthestudyalsoappearedtobeeatingmuchmeatandprocessedmeat.“Ifyou’retakingalotofprocessedmeat,itdoesn’tmatterhowmanyeggsyou’reeating,”Andersensaid.Also,Andersensaid,“Thestudycanonlyshowthereisarelationbetweeneggseatingandheartdisease.Butitcannotproveeggsarethecauseofthedisease.Itmayjustbethatpeopleeatingalotofeggsarealsotakingalotofbacon.”32.WhatdoesNorrinaAllenagreewith?A.Eggsarepletelyunhealthy.B.Eggscontainthemostcholesterol.C.Eggsshouldbeeateninarightamount.D.Eggshavenoconnectionwithheartdisease.33.WhatisBruemmer’sattitudetowardsthestudy?A.Interested. B.Doubtful. C.Concerned. D.Hopeful.34.WhatcanwelearnfromHollyAndersen’swords?A.Eggsandmeatcannotbeeatentogether.B.Processedmeatmaycauseheartdisease.C.Processedmeatshouldbeavoided.D.Thestudyissupportedbyevidence.35.What’sthebesttitleofthetext?A.Doeggscauseheartdisease?B.Areeggsthetopsourceofcholesterol?C.What’stheproperamountofeggseaten?D.Isthecholesteroltoblameforheartdisease?【答案】32.C33.B34.B35.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。研究认为，吃鸡蛋与患心脏病风险的增加有联系，但是有科学家对此持不同的观点，他们认为鸡蛋并不是引起心脏病的原因。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Allenaddedthatshewouldnotsaythateggsarepletelyunhealthy.“I’mnotsayingthatpeopleshouldtakethempletelyoutoftheirfood,”shesaid.“I’mjustsuggestingthatpeopleeattheminaproperamount.”(Allen补充说，她不是说鸡蛋完全不健康。‘我并不是说人们应该把它们从食物中完全剔除，’她说。‘我只是建议人们适量食用它们。’)”可知，NorrinaAllen并不认为人们不应该吃鸡蛋，而是应该适量吃，故选C项。33题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“‘Thisstudydoeshaveclearshortings,includingselfreportingatasingletimepoint,headded’”可知，Bruemmer认为这项研究有不足之处，对这个研究持怀疑态度。故选B项。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中的Andersen所说的话“Ifyou’retakingalotofprocessedmeat,itdoesn’tmatterhowmanyeggsyou’reeating（如果你吃了大量的加工肉类，那么你吃多少个鸡蛋并不重要。）”以及最后一段中“Butitcannotproveeggsarethecauseofthedisease.Itmayjustbethatpeopleeatingalotofeggsarealsotakingalotofbacon.（但它不能证明鸡蛋是该病的病因。这可能只是因为吃了很多鸡蛋的人也吃了很多培根。）”可以推断，Andersen认为吃鸡蛋并不是心脏病的病因。如果吃了大量加工过的肉类也有可能引起心脏病。故选B。【35题详解】标题判断题。文章在第一段提出观点“Anewreportconnectseatingeggstoanincreasedriskofheartdisease.”，新的研究结果表明，吃鸡蛋与心脏病风险的增加有联系；接下来文章列举了一些科学家的观点：第二段中NorrinaAllen提出观点“I’mjustsuggestingthatpeopleeattheminaproperamount.”NorrinaAllen认为应该适量吃鸡蛋；第三段中提到“Someexpertsbelievethenewstudydoesnotprovethateggsarecausingheartdisease.”，有些专家认为，这项新研究并不能证明鸡蛋会导致心脏病；第五段中HollyAndersen提出观点“alotoftheeggeatingpeopleinthestudyalsoappearedtobeeatingmuchmeatandprocessedmeat.”很多吃鸡蛋的人似乎也吃了很多肉和加工肉类，这也会引起心脏病。因此文章是关于“鸡蛋会导致心脏病吗?”这个问题的不同观点。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Helpingpeopleisthebackboneofahealthysociety.___36___Thisstatementistrueandthefollowingaresomeofthemajorbenefitsofassistingotherpeople.___37___Researchershavedonelotsofworktoprovethathelpingothersdoeshaveagreateffectonaperson’shappiness.Eventhoughweusuallyfeeltheurgetopetewithotherpeople,takingtimetoassistotherscanbeverybeneficialtous.Thekeytointernaljoyandhappinessissimplyhelpingthoseinneed.Buildtrust.Whenpeopleseethatyouhavegenuineintentionsofassistingthem,itislikelytheyaregoingtobeverygrateful.___38___Helpingpeopleisalsoagoodwaytocreateanddeveloptrustyrelationship,particularlyifyouneverexpectanythingtobegiventoyouinreturn.Improvethemunity.Thementalityofhelpingpeopleisincreasinginpopularitysincemorepeoplehaverealizedthatwedonotneedtofightforsurvival.Arisingnumberofindividualsnowassistotherswithoutaskingforanythingback.Thishasresultedinthechangeinattitudeandpeoplearenowmoregiving,morewillingandalsomuchreadiertoofferassistance.___39___Helpingotherpeopleisimportantasithelpstoconnectmanypeopletogether.___40___Theendresultisaninspiredmunityingeneral.A.Increasehappiness.B.Improvementalhealth.C.Thisimprovesthewholemunityandchangestheatmosphere.D.Itisbelievedthathelpingothersisbasicallyhelpingyourself.E.Asaresult,theyseeyouasacaringpersonandbegintotrustyou.F.Ifyouoftenhelpothers,youwillbeeamoreresponsibleperson.G.Thosewhoofferhelpandgethelpetogetherandinspireoneanother.【答案】36.D37.A38.E39.C40.G【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。帮助他人是健康社会支柱，文章主要介绍了帮助别人的几个益处。【36题详解】根据上文“Helpingpeopleisthebackboneofahealthysociety.(帮助他人是健康社会的支柱)”以及后文“Thisstatementistrueandthefollowingaresomeofthemajorbenefitsofassistingotherpeople.(这个说法是正确的，以下是帮助他人的一些主要好处)”可知，上文提到了帮助他人的行为，后文则提到这种说法是正确的，可知本句是在说明后文提到的说法是什么。故D选项“人们认为帮助别人基本上就是帮助自己”符合语境，故选D。【37题详解】根据后文“Researchershavedonelotsofworktoprovethathelpingothersdoeshaveagreateffectonaperson’shappiness.Eventhoughweusuallyfeeltheurgetopetewithotherpeople,takingtimetoassistotherscanbeverybeneficialtous.Thekeytointernaljoyandhappinessissimplyhelpingthoseinneed.(研究人员做了大量的工作来证明帮助他人确实对一个人的幸福有很大的影响。尽管我们通常都有和别人竞争的冲动，但花时间帮助别人对我们来说是非常有益的。内心快乐和幸福的关键就是帮助那些需要帮助的人)”可知，后文提到研究证明帮助他人可以给人带来幸福，故本段说明的帮助别人的好处是：增加幸福感。故A选项“增加幸福感”符合语境，故选A。【38题详解】根据上文“Whenpeopleseethatyouhavegenuineintentionsofassistingthem,itislikelytheyaregoingtobeverygrateful.(当人们看到你真心诚意地帮助他们时，他们很可能会非常感激你)”可知，上文提到人们会感激真心诚意帮助他们的人，故本句与上文构成因果关系，说明这种行为会对自己产生的影响。故E选项“因此，他们会认为你是一个有爱心的人，并开始信任你”符合语境，故选E。【39题详解】根据上文“Improvethemunity.Thementalityofhelpingpeopleisincreasinginpopularitysincemorepeoplehaverealizedthatwedonotneedtofightforsurvival.Arisingnumberofindividualsnowassistotherswithoutaskingforanythingback.Thishasresultedinthechangeinattitudeandpeoplearenowmoregiving,morewillingandalsomuchreadiertoofferassistance.(改善社区。帮助人的心态越来越受欢迎，因为越来越多的人意识到我们不需要为生存而斗争。现在越来越多的人在不要求任何回报的情况下帮助别人。这导致了态度的改变，人们现在更乐于给予，更愿意，也更乐意提供帮助)”可知，本段的中心思想是帮助他人可以改善社区，故本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文再次说明提供帮助改善了整个社区，改变了气氛，C选项中“improvesthewholemunity”和本段的中心句“Improvethemunity”相照应。故C选项“这改善了整个社区，改变了气氛”符合语境，故选C。【40题详解】根据上文“Helpingotherpeopleisimportantasithelpstoconnectmanypeopletogether.(帮助他人很重要，因为它有助于把许多人联系在一起)”可知，上文提到帮助他人可以把许多人联系在一起，故本句承接上文继续说明是如何联系在一起的，以及这种联系的作用，G选项中“etogether”和空前的“connectmanypeopletogether”相照应。故G选项“那些提供帮助和得到帮助的人走到一起，互相激励”符合语境，故选G。第三部分英语知识