专题03非书信类应用文写作（讲义）

专题03非书信类应用文写作(讲义)目录TOC\o"13"\p""\h\z\u考点非书信类应用文写作1页1页2页【真题研析·规律探寻】2页考向1考查投稿类2页考向2考查图表类3页考向3考查倡议书4页考向4考查演讲稿类4页考向5考查广告宣传类5页【核心提炼·考向探究】5页(一)图表类5页(二)倡议书6页(三)演讲类8页(四)通知9页(五)投稿类10页(六)广告宣传及海报类11页【题型特训·命题预测】11页预测考向1考查投稿类11页预测考向2考查倡议书12页预测考向3考查图表类13页预测考向4考查通知14页预测考向5考查演讲稿14页考点03非书信类应用文写作考情分析：分析20202024年新高考非书信类应用文写作考向分布。试卷类型年份体裁话题2024年1月新高考浙江卷2024投稿短文推荐一项适合课间开展的运动新高考I/II卷2021投稿短文庆祝英文报创刊十周年新高考I/II卷2020新闻报道介绍学校越野赛跑活动命题规律新高考会改变“相对固化的命题模式”，应用文写作的体裁越来越不局限于单纯的书信等应用文体。图表类写作、报刊投稿、宣传稿、新闻报道、人物描写和叙事短文在近几年新高考卷和全国卷中开始呈现。对于各种文体的写作，在备考中要做好充分的准备。命题预测非书信类应用文包括①图表类、②倡议书、③演讲与致辞、④通知、⑤投稿、⑥广告宣传及海报类。根据近几年的高考命题分析，投稿类、通知、演讲稿和倡议书是高考出现的高频体裁。考向1考查投稿类(2024年1月新高考浙江卷)请你写一篇短文向校英文报“SportsandHealth”栏目投稿，向同学们推荐一项适合课间开展的运动，内容包括：1.介绍这项运动；2.说明推荐理由。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答：StandUpandExercise,Everybody!___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【参考范文】StandUpandExercise,Everybody!Everybody!Areyoutiredofsittinginclassallday?Howaboutincorporatingsomephysicalactivityintoyourdailyroutine?Onegreatoptionisthe“StandUpandStretch”exercise.Thissimpleroutineinvolvesstandingupfromyourdesk,stretchingyourarms,legsandback,andtakingafewdeepbreaths.It’saquickandeasywaytogetyourbloodflowingandreenergizeyourbodyandmind.Thisexerciseisremendedforseveralreasons.First,ithelpstobatthenegativeeffectsofprolongedsitting,suchasbackpainandstiffness.Second,itcanimproveyourfocusandconcentration,makingiteasiertostayengagedinclass.Lastly,itpromotesahealthyandactivelifestyle,whichisessentialforoverallwellbeing.So,nexttimeyoufeelabitsluggishduringclass,remembertostandupandstretch!It’sasmallchangethatcanmakeabigdifferenceinyourday.此命题非常贴近学生生活，体现了新高考的评价体系的命题特点。考向2考查图表类(2022·全国乙卷)学校英文报正在开展以LearningEnglishBeyondtheClassroom为题的讨论。请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：1．学习活动状况描述；2．简单评论；3．你的建议。注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；2．短文的题目和首句已为你写好。LearningEnglishBeyondtheClassroomTherearemanywaysoflearningEnglish.【参考范文】LearningEnglishBeyondtheClassroomTherearemanywaysoflearningEnglish.Asisclearlyshowninthechart,themajorityofstudentslearnEnglishbyappreciatingEnglishsongs,accountingfor65%,followedby50%ofthestudentswholearnthroughwatchingEnglishmovies.paredwiththeabovetwoapproaches,readingEnglishbooksandbrowsingEnglishlearningwebsitesmakeup18%and12%respectively.Obviously,studentsposeapositiveattitudeandinteresttowardsentertainingEnglishactivities,whichrelievethemselvesfromthestudyburden.AsfarasI'mconcerned,diverseapproachestolearningEnglishshouldbeencouragedanddeveloped,bothinandbeyondclassroom.考向3考查倡议书(2022·全国甲卷)你校将以六月八日世界海洋日为主题，举办英语征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：1．海洋的重要性；2．保护海洋的倡议。注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；2．短文的题目和首句已为你写好。OurOceans,OurResponsibilityJune8thwasofficiallynamedbytheUNin2009asWorldOceansDay.【参考范文】OurOceans,OurResponsibilityJune8thwasofficiallynamedbytheUNin2009asWorldOceansDay.Oceansplayacriticalroleintheworld.Notonlydotheyprovideabundantresourcesforus,buttheyarealsocrucialfortheglobalclimate.Additionally,oceansare“thelungsofourplanet”，providingmostoftheoxygenwebreathe.(海洋的重要性)Itisessentialtotakemeasurestoprotectoursea.Tobeginwith,don'toverfish.What'smore,weshouldreducegarbageintothesea.Lastbutnotleast,thegovernmentmustcarryoutthelawstostrengthentheconsciousnessoftheoceanenvironmentalprotection.(倡议的措施和意义)Startfromnow!Let'shandinhandtoprotecttheocean.(发出倡议)考向4考查演讲稿类(2021·1月浙江高考)假定你是李华，下周有新西兰学生访问你校，你将作为学生代表致欢迎辞。请为此写一篇发言稿，内容包括：1．表示欢迎；2．介绍活动安排；3．表达祝愿。注意：1．词数80左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【参考范文】DearfriendsfromNewZealand，I'mLiHua.I'mhonoredtobeheretoextendawarmweletoyouonbehalfofourschool.Foryourvisit,wehavearrangedavarietyofactivities.First,atourofourcampusisscheduled,duringwhichyoucanenjoythelovelyviewofthelakebehindtheteachingbuilding.Afterthat,wewillholdanexchangemeetingaboutculturaldifferencesbetweenNewZealandandChina.Finally,aPekingOperaperformancewillbegiven.ChancesarethatyouwillbeecrazyaboutPekingOpera.考向5考查广告宣传类(2021·6月浙江高考)昨天你参观了学校举办的学生国画作品展。请给校英文报写一篇宣传稿，内容包括：1．展览时间、地点；2．观展感受；3．推荐观展。注意：1．词数80左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【参考范文】ItisathrillingthingforustolearnthattherehasbeenafantasticStudents'ChinesePaintingShowheldinourschoolartgalleryfrom1Juneto6June.(介绍展览时间、地点)Yesterday,Ihadanopportunitytoappreciatetheartworksoftalentedstudents,whichtotallyleftadeepimpressiononme.Actually,Iwaspletelyabsorbedintotheelaborateselections.(表达观展感受)Hence,itisstronglyremendedthateveryoneshouldgotheretoenjoyit.Allinall,itisworthwhiletopayavisittotheshowsinceitwillofferyouadeepinsightinChineseartculture.(推荐观展)(一)图表类一、文章结构图表作文首先要提取关键的信息，往往是从数据最多的写起，进行比较，然后就图表比较的内容进行评论，最后提出自己的观点。具体写作架构为：二、高分点句▲说明图表内容的句型:(1)Thegraph/chart/tableaboveshows…(2)Fromtheabovegraph/chart,itcanbeseenthat…(3)Asthesurveyresultsshow,…(4)Thekeyfindingstakenfromthesurveysareasfollows…(5)Ascanbeseenfromthediagram,greatchangeshavetakenplacein…(6)Thedata/statistics/figuresleadustotheconclusionthat…(7)Itisapparent/clearfromthefigures/statistics/table/chart/diagram/graphfigures(that)most…(8)Accordingtothefiguresgiveninthetable,onlineshoppingisgainingmorepopularity/isincreasinglypopular.根据表格中给出的数据,网上购物正变得越来越流行。▲表示变化/比较的句型:(1)Therewasagreat/slightincrease/risein…(2)Therehasbeenasudden/slow/rapidfall/dropin…Itis20%lower/higherthan…(3)Thenumber/ratehasnearlydoubled,asagainstthatoflastyear.(4)Itincreases/rises/decreases/reducesby…times/…percent.(5)Thenumbersharplygoesup/down/increases/decreasesto…(6)Thegraphaboveshowsthattherewasagradualgrowthinthenumberofstudentslastyearwhoattendedonlinecourses,reachingthepeakat2.3billion.上图显示,去年参加在线课程的学生人数逐渐增长,达到23亿人的峰值。▲说明原因的句型:(1)Therearesome/two/manygoodreasonsfor…/todo…(2)Anumberoffactorscouldaccountfor…(3)Thereareseveralcausesforthissignificantgrowthin…First…(4)Because/As/Nowthat/Sincethedemandhasincreased,thepricesarehigher.(5)Generallyspeaking,thereareseveralreasonsaccountingforthisphenomenon.通常来说,导致这个现象的原因有几个。▲结尾句型:(1)Inaword/Inshort/Insummary,…(2)Generallyspeaking,…(3)Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wecandrawtheconclusionthat…(4)Isuggestthegovernmenttakeeffectivemeasuresto…(5)Personally,Ibelievethattraditionalmethodsofteachingandonlinelearningbothhaveadvantagesanddisadvantages.就我个人而言,我认为传统学习方法和网上学习各有利弊。(二)倡议书一、文章结构倡议书属于应用文的一种，是为倡议或是发起某项活动而写的号召性的公开提议性的专用文体。倡议书一般由标题、称呼、正文、结尾、落款五部分组成。具体写作架构为：二、高分点句（一）体裁佳句[首段句]呈现问题,表明倡议目的:(1)I’msorrytoseethat…,whichhasalreadyaffectedourlife.(2)Havingfoundthat…,Istronglyadvocatethatweshould…(3)It’sworryingmealotthat…Therefore,it’sstronglyadvocatedthatweshould…(4)It’samonsightthat…,whichhasbeeawideconcern.SoIstronglyadvocate/appealto/callonusallto…/thatweattachimportanceto…[中段句]倡议的意义、理由和内容:(1)It’severyone’sresponsibilityto…(2)I’mcallingforyouractiveparticipationin…(3)Thus,it’shightimethatweshould/did…,whichwillbeofgreatbenefitto…(4)Consequently,Icallon/appealtoeveryoneto…Onlywhenwe…canweguarantee…[尾段句]再次发出倡议:(1)Inmyopinion,weshould…andsparenoefforttodosomethingto…(2)Let’sparticipateactivelyinit.Yoursmallactsofkindnesscanmakeadifference.(3)Asanoldsayinggoes,“Together,individualscanmakeadifference.”Youreffortscount/matter/makeadifference!（二）话题佳句1．Iamwritingtocalloneveryonetobeagainstwastingfoodandtakeanactivepartinsavingfood.我写信呼吁大家反对浪费食物，积极参与节约食物。2．OnbehalfoftheStudents'Union,Iamwritingtocalloneveryonetotakepartinoursummerprogramnamed“CarefortheAged”．我代表学生会写信呼吁大家参加我们名为“关爱老人”的暑期项目。3．Tomeetthechallengesofthesenioryear,it'shightimethatwetakeactiontosaynototheunhealthylifestyle.为了迎接高中的挑战，现在是我们采取行动拒绝不健康生活方式的时候了。4．Wearesupposedtogotobedearlyandgetupearlyandtakemealsregularlyandslowlyenough.我们应该早睡早起，定时进餐，细嚼慢咽。5．Iamconvincedthat,withourjointefforts,thephenomenonofwastingfoodwilldisappear.我深信，在我们的共同努力下，浪费食物的现象将会消失。(三)演讲类一、文章结构演讲/致辞类包括演讲(发言)稿、致辞和竞选稿等，该文体通常要有吸引力，明确发言的对象。演讲稿在语言使用上一定要准确简明、通俗易懂、层次清楚、条理分明。具体写作架构为：二、高分点句（一）体裁佳句[首段句]表示问候,介绍演讲主题:(1)Goodmorning,boysandgirls!I’mglad/honoured/privilegedtohavetheopportunitytosharemytopicwithyou.Ishallbespeakingtodayaboutonlinelearning.(2)It’sagreathonour/privilegeformetostandhereandmake/deliver/giveaspeech/anaddressentitled/withthetitleof“Followthelead”.(3)Ifeelgreatlyprivilegedtostandhere,onbehalfofthewholeclass,toextendourwarmwele/heartfeltgratitudetoourhonourableguest,MrSmith.[中段句]演讲的具体内容:(1)Wehaveenjoyedeveryminuteofourstay.Foronething,studyinghereisnotjustaneyeopeningexperiencebutajourneyoffriendship.Foranother,we’vegainedadeeperunderstandingofdifferentcultures,andmoreimportantly,we’vedevelopedanewperspectiveoftheworld.(2)NowIhavetoremindallofyouherethatthesingledropofwaterisneverascleanasbefore,andthatithasbeenpollutedseverelybyourhumanbeings.(3)Isincerelyhopethatwecanworktogethertoreduceglobalpollution.[尾段句]总结发言并致谢听众:(1)Letmeconcludemyspeechwith…(2)Thanksforyourlistening/attention/time.(3)That’sall.Thankyou.（二）话题佳句1．Ifeelhonoredtobeheretotalktoyouonregularphysicalexercise.我很荣幸能在这里和大家谈谈关于规律锻炼的问题。2．TodayIamverygladtohavetheopportunitytomakeaspeech.Ishallbespeakingaboutenvironmentalprotection.今天我很高兴能有机会做一个演讲。我演讲的内容是关于环境保护。3．Isuggestweshouldfitexerciseintoourbusyschedules,makingitpartofourdailyroutines.我建议我们应该在繁忙的日程安排中安排锻炼，让它成为我们日常生活的一部分。4．Itisknowntoallthatgoodlivinghabitsareimportanttoourphysicalandmentalhealth.众所周知，良好的生活习惯对我们的身体和心理健康很重要。5．Thankyouforlisteningtomyspeech.感谢大家倾听我的演讲。(四)通知一、文章结构通知是上级对下级、组织对成员布置工作、传达情况或告诉公众某件事情等情况时使用的一种应用文体，通常分为口头通知和书面通知两种。1．口头通知要注意以下几点：(1)要有称呼用语。如：在正式场合用的Ladiesandgentlemen，对学生用的Boysandgirls等。(2)要有开头语和结束语。如：MayIhaveyourattention,please?Attentionplease,everyone.Ihaveanannouncementtomake.That'sall.Thankyouverymuch.2．书面通知要注意以下特点：(1)书面通知的正文上面的正中有NOTICE或ANNOUNCEMENT标志。(2)在正文最后的右下角要写上发通知的单位或组织者的姓名。具体写作架构为：二、高分点句（一）体裁佳句[首段句](口头语:先引起听者注意)点明通知的主题、目的:(1)MayIhave/callyourattention,please?Ihaveanannouncementtomake.(2)Inorderto…,…isscheduledtobeheldin…on…(3)Aimingat…,we’replanningtohave/launch/hold/hostalectureon…[中段句]详细告知相关信息(时间、地点、活动内容、截止日期、注意事项等):(1)Asscheduled,wearefirsttoarrange…focusingon…Thenfollowsa…,whichwillsurelybegreatfun!(2)Thosewhoareinterestedcancontact…forfurtherinformation.(3)Whoeverfeelsinterestedandhasapassionfor…,pleasesignupforitbeforethisFriday.(4)Pleasebethereontimeanddon’tbelate.[尾段句]号召积极参与(口头通知结束语:感谢聆听):(1)Lookingforwardtoyouractiveparticipation.(2)Don’tmissthechance!(3)Everybodyisexpectedtoattendit.(4)Ihopeyoucanhaveagoodtime.That’sall.Thankyou.(口头通知)（二）话题佳句1．Attention,please.Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.请注意。我有重要的事要告诉你们。2．WeregrettoinformyouthatwehavetoputoffthesportsmeetingtobeheldthisFridayforforeignstudents.我们很遗憾地通知你们，我们不得不推迟本周五要举行的外国学生运动会。3．TopromoteculturalexchangebetweenChinaandothercountries,thelocalTVstationwillorganizeaChineseCharacterDictationpetition.为了促进中国和其他国家的文化交流，当地电视台将举办汉字听写比赛。4．I'dliketoinformyouofsomedetailsasfollows.我将通知你们如下一些细节。5．Anyoneinterestedinthemeetingisweletotakepartinit.任何对会议感兴趣的人都欢迎参加。(五)投稿一、文章结构投稿类文章一般都是就某个特定主题进行论述和描写，以议论文和记叙文为多。具体写作架构为：二、高分点句1．Moreover,asisknowntoall,settingtoomuchtimeasidejustforwatchingTVisawasteoftime.而且，众所周知，留出太多时间只为看电视是浪费时间。2．Tochangethehabit,Iamsupposedtoputmoreenergiesonsomethingmoremeaningfulsuchasreadingandtakingexercise,whicharenotonlybeneficialtomymentalandphysicalhealthbutalsocanhelpmegetridofmybadhabits.为了改变这个习惯，我应该把更多的精力放在一些更有意义的事情上，比如读书和锻炼，这些不仅有利于我的身心健康，而且可以帮助我改掉坏习惯。3．Atpresentourcityiscarryingoutacampaign,thecontentofwhichisthatanyonewhoisridinganelectricbikemustwearahelmet.目前我市正在开展一项活动，活动内容是骑电动自行车的人必须戴头盔。4．Thepurposeofthecampaignistomitigatetheconsequenceofsuchatrafficaccidentandreducethedeathrateinanaccident.这项运动的目的是减轻这样的交通事故的后果，并降低事故中的死亡率。5．Myappealisthatallourstudentsridingelectricbikesshouldwearhelmetsforthesafetyofourselvesandotherpeople.我的呼吁是，为了自己和他人的安全，我们所有骑电动自行车的学生都应该戴头盔。(六)广告宣传及海报类一、文章结构广告是通过一定媒介和形式直接或间接地介绍自己所推销的商品或者所提供的服务的一种宣传方式。宣传是为了告知听众某项事物，让其了解相关的事项。在写宣传海报时，要根据活动的主题，从时间、地点、目的、措施及预期目标等方面进行说明，并发出倡导。具体写作架构为：二、高分点句1．AsoneofthemostsignificantsymbolsofChineseculture,ChinesecalligraphyhasdevelopedalongwithChina'scivilization.作为中国文化最重要的标志之一，中国书法随着中国文明的发展而发展。2．ItistheuniqueinterpretationofthebeautyofChinesecharacters.它是对汉字美的独特诠释。3．Additionally,ithasdevelopedintoakindofartform,whichisappreciatedbyartloversathomeandabroad.此外，它还发展成为一种艺术形式，受到国内外艺术爱好者的喜爱。4．Iholdthebeliefthatthisactivitywillinspire/encouragemorepeopletoobeytrafficrulesconsciously.我相信这项活动将激励/鼓励更多的人自觉遵守交通规则。5．Lookingforwardtoyourjoining.Let'sdowhatwecantohelpreducetrafficcongestion.期待你的参与。让我们做我们能做的以帮助减少交通堵塞。【2024年高考命题预测】新高考应用文命题在不断创新，它力争摒弃陈旧的命题思想，不断推陈出新。新高考注重思维，命题情景新颖，不落俗套。我们要努力扎实地打好写句子的基本功，不断提高学生的逻辑思维能力，创新能力和批判性思维能力。根据近年来新高考的命题特点，非书信类的应用文在高考中出现的可能性比较大。尤其是投稿类、通知类和演讲稿类。预测考向1考查投稿类（2024·贵州省黔东南高三联考）你校英文报正在征集稿件，请你以“Myjoyfulsummervacation”为题写一篇文章投稿，内容包括：1假期的经历：2.收获和感受。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右：2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Myjoyfulsummervacation___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【经典范文】MyjoyfulsummervacationAsthesayinggoes,it’sbettertotraveltenthousandmilesthantoreadtenthousandbooks.Duringthissummervocation,Iputittothetest.Inthebeginning,IwenttoHukouWaterfallwithmyfamilytoappreciatethesplendidspectacleoftheYellowRiver.Later,wevisitedBeijing,whereweenjoyedavisualfeast.OurlastdestinationwasHuangshanMountain.Standingonthetop,Iwaspletelyconqueredbythemagicalpowerofnature.Throughthisjoyfulvacation,notonlydidIseeourcountry’sbeautifulscenery,butalsoIexperienceditshighspeeddevelopmentaswellasitsbeingincreasinglypowerful.HowproudIamasaChinese!预测考向2考查倡议书【2024·Z20名校联盟（浙江省名校新高考研究联盟）联考】假定你是校学生会主席李华,你校将于下周开展以“LaboristheMostBeautiful”为主题的劳动周活动，请你以学生会的名义发起倡议，内容包括：1.学生目前对劳动的态度;2.劳动的意义：3.呼吁参加。注意:1.词数80左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dearfellowstudents,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________TheStudentUnion【经典范文】Dearfellowstudents,Currently,laboreducationhasbeenincreasinglyattachedgreatimportanceto,butsomestudentsjustburythemselvesinbooks,believingthatlaborisawasteoftime.However,itisnecessaryforustodoit.Actually,timespentlaboringisrewarding.Itcanpromoteourpracticalskills,strongwill,unityandcooperation.Meanwhile,wewillalsobegiventhepreciouschancestocontributeourshareandrewardedwithaspiritualfulfillment.Therefore,weactivelyengageinlaborandtakeourobligationbothathomeandatschool,whichwillturnouttobeverybeneficialandessential.TheStudentUnion预测考向3考查图表类（2024·广东省东莞市东莞外国语学校月考）为了了解学生周末用餐的情况，你的学校进行了一次相关的调查，下图是这次调查的结果。请你根据图表数据，以“ConvenienceFoodorFreshFoodonWeekends?”为题写一篇投稿，内容包括：1.学生周末用餐选择情况的描述；2.简单的分析；3.你的想法。注意：1.词数80左右；2.短文题目已为你写好；3.请在相应位置作答。_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【经典范文】ConvenienceFoodorFreshFoodonWeekends?Recently,ourschoolconductedasurvey,whichaimstofigureouthowthestudentsenjoytheirweekenddinner.Itesasnosurprisethatoverhalfofthestudentssurveyedpreferfreshfoodpreparedathome,whichishealthierandmoredelicious.30%ofthestudentschoosetodineoutinrestaurants,whileonly11%ordertakeouts.Obviously,freshfoodismorefavorablethanconveniencefoodonweekends.Personally,Ihaveapreferenceforhavingfreshfoodcookedathome.NotonlycanIhaveagoodtasteofthedishesmymothercooksforme,Icanalsoenjoythetimewithmyparentsandmunicatewiththemaboutmyexperiencesinschool.It’sapreciousoccasionthattightensourbondandgivesmecouragetofacethechallengesbackintherealworld.预测考向4考查通知（2024·湖南省长沙市高三上学期1月新高考适应性考试）为了丰富校园生活，你校将组织迎新年音乐会，请你写一则通知，刊登在学校英文网站上。内容包括：1.举办时间和地点；2.活动的内容；3.活动的意义。注意：词数80左右。Notice___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________