北京市海淀区首师附高2023-2024学年高一年级上册12月月考英语试题

首师附高2023-2024学年高一上学期12月月考

英语学科试题

2023.12

第一部分：听力理解（共三节，20分）

第一节（共4小题；每小题1分，共4分）

听下面4段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，

你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将有5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话你将听一遍。

1.Whatwillthespeakersprobablydo?

A.Theywillhavebreakfastsoon.

B.Theywillhavelunchwithoutwaitingforfather.

C.Theywillhavelunchwhenthefatherisback.

2.Whatcanweknowfromthedialogue?

A.Thecakeissodeliciousthateverybodywillloveit.

B.Thewomanwilltellthemanhowtomakethecake.

C.Themanwillcookacakeforhischildren.

3.Whatdoesthewomanmean?

A.Nobodyobeysthetrafficrules.

B.Somedriversdon'tcaremuchaboutthetraffic.

C.DriversliketakingU-turnsinthemiddleoftheroad.

4.Wherearethespeakerslikelytobe?

A.Atthemovie.B.Atthemarket.C.Atthebeach.

第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对

话前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将有5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话你将听两遍。

听下面一段对话，回答第5至6小题。

5.Whydidthemandecidetobuythesunglasses?

A.Becausehelikedthecolorandthestyleverymuch.

B.Becausethesunglasseswereonsale.

C.Becausethesunglassessuithimwellandtherewasadiscount.

6.Whatwastheoriginalpriceforthesunglasses?

A.180yuan.B.270yuan.C.360yuan.

听下面一段对话，回答第7至8题。

7.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?

A.Shewillprobablybebusyinafewdays.

B.She'stheman'ssecretary.

C.She'saworkaholic.

8.Howdoesthewomanfeelwhenshehasnothingtodo?

A.Stressed.B.Lazy.C.Uncomfortable.

听下面一段对话，回答第9至10题。

9.HowdidthewomanlearnChinese?

A.SheoncewenttoJapan.

B.Shelearneditinschool.

C.Shelearneditfromherfather.

10.HowlonghasthewomanbeeninChina?

A.For30years.B.For20years.C.For25years.

听下面一段对话，回答第n至12题。

11.Whatmightbetherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?

A.Husbandandwife.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Friends.

12.Whydidthemanputhisfeetonthewoman'stable?

A.Becausehewantedtomakethetabledirty.

B.Becausehefeltgoodwithhisfeetonthetable.

C.Becausehewantedtobuythetablewithalowprice.

听下面一段独白，回答第13至14题。

13.Whyhavethefiresspreadsofast?

A.Becauseofthedroughtconditions.

B.Becausetherearetoomanyplants.

C.Becausefewpeoplearefightingthefire.

14.Whatisthedriver'sattitudetowardputtingoutthefirequickly?

A.Optimistic.B.Uninterested.C.Doubtful.

第三节（共4小题；每小题1.5分，共6分）

听下面一段独白，完成第15至18四道小题，每小题仅填写一个词。听独白前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题,

听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段独白你将听两遍。将答案填写在答题纸相应的位置。

Techniquestoimprovememory

TechniquesExamples

Useyourmemoryas

Trytolearnsomethingnew,becausethe15activitiescanstimulatethebrain.

muchaspossible

16focusingTakeanyobjectandthinkaboutitsvariouscharacteristics.

RelaxTryholdingyour17fortenseconds,andthenreleaseitslowly.

AssociateThinkaboutaspecialfeatureofaperson'sfaceandthen18withhisname.

第二部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）

第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小1.5分，共15分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂

里

7^o

Onlinegamersconstantlymakelifeanddeathdecisionsattheirkeyboards-butifsjustagame.ATexasgamer

wasfacedwithareal-lifesituationandhelped19thelifeofafellowplayer-5,000milesaway.

Aidan,inEngland,wasplayinganonlinegameinhisbedroomwhenhehadaseizure.Hisplayingpartner,Dia,

inTexas,justputherheadsetonandheardwhatshecouldonlydescribeasaseizure,soshestartedtoget20

andaskedwhatwasgoingonandifhewasOK.Whenhedidn'trespond,she21startedtolookupthe

emergencynumberintheUK.Whenthatdidn'twork,shejusthadtohopethenon-emergencynumberwouldwork.It

hadan22fortalkingtoarealperson.

Someoneansweredthecallandshehadtoforceherselfnotto23andtostaycalm."Hi,Fm24

intheUSandinacallwithmyfriend,Diatoldtheoperator.t6Hehadaseizureandhe'snotrespondinganymore.Ido

havehis25Noone'shomewithhimrightnow,soI'mjusttryingtogethimsomehelp.^^

Actually,Aidan'sparentswerewatchingtelevisiondownstairsanddidnot26theirsonwasindanger

untilthreepoliceofficersknockedattheirdoor.

“WeareextremelythankfulforwhatDiadidand27thatwecouldbedownstairsandnotknowanything

washappening,Aidan'smothersaid."Diahadouraddressbutdidn'thaveanycontactnumbers,soitwasamazing

thatshe28togethelpfromsofaraway.Fvespokentoherandexpressedourthanks一she'sgladshecould

help.^^

19.A.spareB.enrichC.devoteD.save

20.A.threatenedB.trappedC.concernedD.annoyed

21.A.eventuallyB.instantlyC.suddenlyD.especially

22.A.optionB.orderC.arrangementD.action

23.A.explodeB.complainC.panicD.quit

24.A.accidentallyB.currentlyC.obviouslyD.frequently

25.A.ageB.nameC.numberD.address

26.A.decideB.explainC.realizeD.judge

27.A.relievedB.shockedC.puzzledD.bored

28.A.managedB.learnedC.hopedD.promised

第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题15分，共15分）

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用

括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

A

Thereisoneroadthatspansthousandsofyears.Alongitaretheechoesofcamelbelts,29(connect)past

withpresent.Crossingmountainsandseas,theroadunveilsapromisingtraderoutebetweentheEastandWest.The

roadfullyembracesthediversityofcivilizations.30(propose)byChinain2013,theroadbelongstothe

wholeworldwithpeaceanddevelopmentasitsbeacon.It31(embody)principlesofextensiveconsultation

andjointcontributionforsharedbenefits.Eventuallyitleadstoavisionofhappinessandwell-beingforpeopleofall

countries.Itisabondofcooperationaswellasfriendship.Itisnotonlyaroadoftrade,butalsoaroadofhappiness.

B

Researchersarestudyingtheunconsciousreactionsthathappenwhenwemakeeyecontact.Theyhavefoundthat

makingeyecontactmakesuslessawareof32ishappeningaroundus.Webecomemorefocusedonthe

personlookingatus.Eyecontactalsoincreasesbrainactivityandmakesusmoreself-conscious.Evenlookingata

painting33appearstobemakingeyecontactcanalsoaffectareasofthebrainrelatedtothinkingabout

ourselvesandotherpeople.Studieshavealsoshownthatitis34(hard)forpeopletoconcentratewhen

someoneislookingatthem.Thisformofeyecontactinterfereswithour35(imagine)andevenourworking

memory.

C

36(celebrate)DragonBoatFestival,anunderwaterdanceperformancetitledPraywasairedonHenan

TVlastSaturdaynight,thefirstdayoftheholiday.FeaturingthegoddessofLuoRiver-amysteriousbeautybest

knowninthepoetryofCaoZhiduringtheThreeKingdomsperiod,,thedancerHaohaoHe,37former

synchronizedswimmer(花样游泳),recreatedtheeleganceofthisancientChinesegoddess.Theentiredance38

(film)in26hours,accordingtotheshow'sdirectorJiyongGuo.Netizens,amazedbytheperformance,commented

everyframeofitlookslikeamural(壁画).Somesaiditspeakstorealculturalconfidence.

第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)

第一节(共14小题；每小题2分，共28分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Ifyou'relookingtobuyagiftforyourchildren,whynotkeepupwiththetrendandgetthebesthoverboard?

WhatisaHoverboard?

Ahoverboardisatwo-wheeledpersonaltransportationdevice.Ifselectrical,portableandbecamehighlypopular

in2015inreferencetoapopular1980'smovie.Typically,thisself-balancingdeviceoperateslikeapowered

skateboard.

HowDoesaHoverboardWork?

Thedevicemayhavemanydesigns,butthemechanismitselfisn'tcomplicated.Basically,astandardhoverboard

contains:

Battery:storestheelectricalpower.Almostallhoverboardsuseahigh-wattlithium-ionbattery.

•Gyroscope(oneforeachwheel):allowsriderstotilt(倾斜)thehoverboardwhilemaintainingbalanceand

adjustingtheirdirection.

•Motor(oneineachwheel):providesthepowertothewheelstokeeptheriderbalancedandupright.

Logicboard:functionsasthehoverboardbrain.Itprocessesdata-yourspeed,tilt,etc.一andsendsinformation

tothemotors.Thisunitcontrolsthepoweroftheboardsoriderscanadjusttheirspeed.

Alltheabovecomponentsworktogethertocontrolthepowerandtiltofthehoverboardssotheriderisbalanced,

uprightandmovingatacontrolledspeed.

WhyBuyaHoverboard?

Undoubtedly,hoverboardsarecool.You'veprobablyseenkidsridingonearoundthehouse.They'rea

phenomenonandeverybodywantsin.So,whydenyyourkidsandpreventthemfrombeingpartofthistrend?

Whereisahoverboardlegal?

Despitetheirwildpopularity,hoverboardshaveyettobecome"street-legal”.Currently,someplacesprohibit

anyoneunder16fromusingthesedevices,andhoverboardsarebannedinacademicinstitutionsandpublicplaces,like

campusbuildings,parks,shoppingmallsandsubwaystations.Someplaceshavealsoputspeedlimitsonthedevices

andrestrictedtheirusetobikepaths.However,openareas-includingyouryard-arefreeoftheserestrictions.

39.Thelogicboardofahoverboardcan.

A.storeelectricityB.powerthewheels

CsendinformationtotheridersD.receivedataandgivecommand

40.Accordingtothepassage,ahoverboardcanbeused.

A.oncampusB.inparksC.onbikepathsDinshoppingmalls

41.Whatisthemainpurposeofthispassage?

A.Toevaluateagift'squality.

B.Torecommendagifchoice.

C.Tocomparenewhoverboardmodels.

D.Toclarifyfunctionsofthelatesthoverboards.

B

Objects

Whenmyfatherdied,oneofthetasksthatfelltomewastosortthroughanddecidewhichobjectstosaveand

whichtothrowaway.NowIlookattheobjectsofmylifeasifIweredead,wondering,whatwillmychildrendowith

thehumanskull（头骨）thatsitsonthebookcase?They'vebeenwantingtothrowitoutforsomeyears,butwillthey

knowhowmuchcanbelearnedfromlivingwithaskull?AndIknowtheywillthrowthewhiteplasticheadofahorse

onmydeskintoarubbishbagwithoutathought,neverknowingthatitistheonlypieceremainingfromthefirstchess

setIowned.Itismeatagetwelve.

Butthefinaldecisionsarelefttothosewhoknowusleast-ourchildren.Iwastheclosesttomyfatherand

knewhimwell;however,onlywhenIwasgoingthroughhisstudydidIlearnhehadcollectedpicturepostcardsof

hotels.WhatwasItodowithalltheobjectsthathadbeenhim?Thesadpartofmewantedtoputeverythinginmycar

andtakeithome.Therational（理性的）won,however,andIfilledrubbishbagswitholdnewspapers,magazines,

apologizingtohisspiritasIdid.Icouldnotthrowoutthethousandsofpictureshehadtakenonhistravels.Ibrought

thepictureshome,thoughIwillneverlookatthem.Ibroughttwelveboxesofmyfatherhome.

Ilookattheobjectsthataremylifeandtheonlywaymychildrencansatisfymeisbynottouchingathing.But

theymustifIamtogoonwithmydeath.AndIwonderhowmanyboxesofmewillmychildrenkeep?Ilookatthese

objectsthataremeandknow,too,thattheyaresymbolsofhowaloneIandeachofusis,fornooneknowswhatany

objectmeansexceptheorshewhoownsit.Everyobjectofourlivesisamemory,andemotionsurroundsaroundit,

hidingandprotectingatinytruthoftheheart.OnlyInavethememoriesofwhenandhoweachonewasobtained;I

lookattheobjectsthatareme.andthememoriesarewarmandpermeatedwithlove.

42.Whydoesthewriterkeeptheplasticheadofahorse?

A.Becauseitbringsbackmemoriesofhischildhood.

B.Becauseheaccepteditasaprizeforacompetition

C.Becauseitmakeshimaverygoodchessplayer.

D.Becausehisfathergaveittohimasagift.

43.Howdidthewriterdealwiththeremainingobjectsofhisfatherafterhedied?

A.Hethreweverythingaway.

B.Hesavedsomeoftheworthlessobjects.

C.Hetooksomeofthemtohisownhouse.

D.Hesortedthemandputthemintogoodorder.

44.Whatdoweknowaboutthewriter?

A.Heknowsmoreabouthisfatherafterhisfatherdied.

B.Hereliesonhischildrentodealwithhispossessions.

C.Hepreferstocollectdifferentskulls

D.Heisverystrictwithhischildren.

45.Accordingtothelastparagraph,theobjectswesave.

A.serveasthesymbolsofoursocialclass

B.areremindersofpastexperiences

C.arequiteexpensiveandvaluable

D.makeusproudofourselves

C

Abutterfly'swingscanhavemanyjobsbesideskeepingtheinsecthighupintheair.Theymaybeusedtoattract

mates,ortowarmpotentialattackerstostayaway.Alloftheseroles,though,dependontheirunchangingcolouration.

Thisplaysintotheideathatbutterflywingsaredeadtissue,Hkeabird'sfeathers.Infact,thafsnottrue.Forexample,

insomespeciesmales9wingshavespecialcellsreleasingsomechemicalswhichattractfemales.

NanfangYu,aphysicistatColumbiaUniversity,inNewYork,hasbeenlookingintothematter.Togetherwith

NaomiPierce,abutterflyspecialistatHarvardUniversity,hehasnowshown,inapaperpublishedinNature

CommunicationsinFebruary,2020,thatbutterflywingsare,indeed,verymuchalive.

Intheirexperiments,thetworesearchersusedalasertoheatupspotsonthewingsofdozensofbutterflyspecies.

Whenthetemperatureoftheareaunderthelaserreached40℃orso,theinsectsrespondedwithinsecondsbydoing

thingsthatstoppedtheirwingsheatingupfurther.Theseactionsincludedabutterflyturningaroundtominimizeits

profiletothelaser,movingitswingsupanddownorsimplywalkingaway.

Butterfliesengagedinalloftheseheat-minimizingactivitiesevenwhentheresearchersblindfoldedthem.That

suggestedtherelevantsensorswereonthewingsthemselves.Dr.YuandDr.Piercethereforesearchedthosewingsfor

likelylookingsensorycells.Theyfoundsome,intheformofneurons（神经元）thatweresimilartoheatdetectors

knownfromotherinsects.Theyalsouncovereddisc-shapedcellsthatappearedtobesimilartopressure-sensitive

neurons.Theyguessthatthesearetheretodetectdeformationofthewing-informationaninsectcouldusetocontrol

itsflightpattern.

Thethirddiscoverytheymadetocontradictthe“deadwing“ideawasthatsomebutterflywingshaveaheartbeat.

Abutterfly'swingshaveveins（静脉）.Thesecarryabloodlikeliquidwhich,researchershavenowfoundinmales,

showsapulseofseveraldozenbeatsperminute.Thesourceofthispulseappearstobethescentpad,adarkspoton

thewingsthatproducesthefemale-attractingchemicals.Apparently,this“wingheart“actsasapumpthathelps

bloodlikeliquidthroughthescentpad.

Inalltheirexperimentssimulatingdifferentenvironmentalconditions,Dr.YuandDr.Pierceconsistentlyfound

that,differentpartsofthewingarecoveredbydifferentsortsofscales（鳞屑）.Inparticular,tubespassthroughscales

overthescentpads.Thisimprovestheirabilitytospreadheatawayandhelpskeepthelivingpartsofabutterfly's

wingalive.

46.Abird'sfeathersarementionedinParagraph1to.

A.introducethelatestresearchfindingsonabird

B.highlightthespecialfeatureofabird'sfeathers

C.showcommonknowledgeaboutbutterflywings

D.stressthedifferencebetweenabutterflyandabird

47.WhatcanwelearnfromDr.YuandDr.Pierce'sexperiments?

A.Butterflywingsarecomplicatedlivingorgans.

B.Butterflywingshavelittlereactiontoexternalheat.

CThescentpadsonsomemalebutterflywingsaretheirhearts.

D.Heat-minimizingactivitieshelpdetectdeformationofthewings.

48.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

ASeeingIsBelievingB.MoreThanMeetsTheEye

C.NothingSeek,NothingFindDFineFeathersMakeFineBirds

D

Wetalkcontinuouslyabouthowtomakechildrenmore“resilient”,butwhateverwe'redoing,it'snotworking.

Ratesofanxietydisordersanddepressionarerisingrapidlyamongteenagers.Whatarewedoingwrong?

NassimTalebinventedtheword“antiftagile“andusedittodescribeasmallbutveryimportantclassofsystems

thatgainfromshocks,challenges,anddisorder.Theimmunesystemisoneofthem:itrequiresexposuretocertain

kindsofbacteriaandpotentialallergens（过敏原）inchildhoodinordertodeveloptoitsfullability.

Children'ssocialandemotionalabilitiesareasantifragileastheirimmunesystems.Ifweoverprotectkidsand

keepthem"safb"fromunpleasantsocialsituationsandnegativeemotions,wedeprive（录U夺）themofthechallenges

andopportunitiesforskill-buildingtheyneedtogrow,strong.Suchchildrenarelikelytosuffermorewhenexposed

latertootherunpleasantbutordinarylifeevents,suchasteasingandsocialrejection.

Ifsnotthekids9fault.IntheUK,asintheUS,parentsbecamemuchmorefearfulinthe1980sand1990sas

cableTVandlatertheInternetexposedeveryone,moreandmore,tothoserareoccurrencesofcrimesandaccidents

thatnowoccurlessandless.Outdoorplayandindependentmobilitywentdown;screentimeandadult-monitored

activitieswentup.

Yetfreeplayinwhichkidsworkouttheirownrulesofengagement,takesmallrisks,andlearntomastersmall

dangersturnsouttobevitalforthedevelopmentofadultsocialandevenphysicalcompetence.Deprivingthemoffree

playpreventstheirsocial-emotionalgrowth.NorwegianplayresearchersEllenSandseterandLeifKennairwarned:

“Wemayobserveanincreasedanxietyormentaldisordersinsocietyifchildrenareforbiddenfromparticipatingin

ageadequateriskyplay.”

Theywrotethosewordsin2011.Overthefollowingfewyears,theirpredictioncametrue.Kidsbornafter1994

aresufferingfrommuchhigherratesofanxietydisordersanddepressionthandidthepreviousgeneration.Besides,

thereisalsoariseintherateatwhichteenagegirlsareadmittedtohospitalfordeliberatelyharmingthemselves.

Whatcanwedotochangethesetrends?Howcanweraisekidsstrongenoughtohandletheordinaryand

extraordinarychallengesoflife?Wecan'tguaranteethatgivingprimaryschoolchildrenmoreindependencetoday

willbringdowntherateofteenagesuicidetomorrow.Thelinksbetweenchildhoodoverprotectionandteenagemental

illnessaresuggestivebutnotclear-cut.Yettherearegoodreasonstosuspectthatbydeprivingournaturallyantifragile

kidsofthewiderangeofexperiencestheyneedtobecomestrong,wearesystematicallypreventingtheirgrowth.We

shouldletgo-andletthemgrow.

49.WhydoestheauthormentiontheimmunesysteminParagraph2?

A.Tostressitsimportance.B.Toanalyzethecauseofanxiety.

C.Toquestionthelatestdiscovery.D.Tohelpunderstandanewword.

50.Parentsoverprotectchildrenbecause.

A.theyareconcernedabouttheirchildren'ssafety

B.theywanttokeepchildrenfrombeingteased

C.parent-monitoredactivitiesareamust

D.childrenarenotindependentenough

51.Accordingtotheauthor,freeplaycan.

A.promotechildren'sresilienceB.strengthenchildren'sfriendship

C.reducechildren'sriskybehaviorD.developchildren'sleadershipskills

52.Whichofthefollowingdoestheauthorprobablyagreewith?

A.Stoptryingtoperfectyourchild.

B.Ittakesgreatcouragetoraisechildren.

C.Preparethechildfortheroad,nottheroadforthechild.

D.Whilewetrytoteachourchildrenallaboutlife,ourchildrenteachuswhatlifeisallabout.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

PublicSpeakingandCriticalThinking

Whatiscriticalthinking?Toacertaindegree,ifsamatteroflogic——ofbeingabletospotweaknessesinother

people'sargumentsandtoavoidtheminyourown.Italsoincludesrelatedskillssuchasdistinguishingfactfrom

opinionandassessingthesoundnessofevidence.

Inthebroadsense,criticalthinkingisfocused,organizedthinking-theabilitytoseeclearlytherelationships

amongideas.53Thegreatestthinkers,scientists,andinventorshaveoftentakeninformationthatwasreadily

availableandputittogetherdifferentlytoproducenewideas.That,too,iscriticalthinking.

54Astheclassgoeson,forexample,youwillprobablyspendagooddealoftimeorganizingyour

speeches.Whilethismayseemlikeapurelymechanicalexercise,itiscloselyconnectedwithcriticalthinking.Ifthe

structureofyourspeechislooseandconfused,chancesarethatyourthinkingisalsodisorderedandconfused.If,on

theotherhand,thestructureisclear,thereisagoodchanceyourthinkingistoo.Organizingaspeechisnotjusta

matterofarrangingtheideasyoualreadyhave.55

Whatistrueoforganizationistrueofmanyaspectsofpublicspeaking.56Asyouworkonexpressing

yourideasinclear,accuratelanguage,youwillimproveyourabilitytothinkclearlyandaccurately.57As

youlearntolistencriticallytospeechesinclass,youwillbebetterabletoassesstheideasofspeakersinavarietyof

situations.

Ifyoutakefulladvantageofyourspeechclass,youwillbeabletodevelopyourskillsasacriticalthinkerin

manycircumstances.Thisisonereasonpublicspeakinghasbeenregardedasavitalpartofeducationsincethedays

ofancientGreece.

A.Rather,itisanimportantpartofshapingtheideasthemselves.

B.Thismayseemlikealotoftime,buttherewardsarewellworthit.

C.Itmayalsohelpyoutoknowthatthereisnosuchthingasaperfectspeech.

D.Ithasoftenbeensaidthattherearefewnewideasintheworld,onlyreorganizedideas.

E.Ifyouarewonderingwhatthishastodowithyourpublicspeakingclass,theanswerisquitealot.

F.Theskillsyoulearninyourspeechclasscanhelpyoubecomeamoreeffectivethinkerinanumberofways.

G.Asyoustudytheroleofevidenceandreasoninginspeechmaking,youwillseehowtheycanbeusedinother

formsofcommunicationaswell.

第四部分：书面表