四川省成都市锦江区嘉祥外国语学校2023-2024学年高二上学期12月月月考卷英语试题

2022级高二上期12月考试英语本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分，共8页。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1.答题前，务必将自己的姓名、考籍号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。2.答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。3.答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米黑色签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上。4.所有题目必须在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上答题无效。5.考试结束后，只将答题卡交回。第I卷(95分)第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatisthewomanapplyingfor?A.Anidentitycard.B.Acreditcard.C.Apassport.2.WhyisthewomandrinkingPu’er?A.Shelikesitstaste.B.Shewantstobethinner.C.Shebelievesit’sgoodforhealth.3.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplaceprobably?A.Inaschool.B.Inahospital.C.Inthewoman’shouse.4.Whosecarwillthewomanmostprobablytravelinnext?A.Tony’s.B.Tom’s.C.Amy’s.5.Whoisthewomanprobably?A.Alawyer.B.Auniversityprofessor.C.Aprofessionalgolfer.第二节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhichareaofItalyisthemangoingtostudyin?A.Thenorth.B.Thesouth.C.Thecenter.7.Whatdoesthewomanremendthemantodo?A.Stayinahotel.B.Liveinherfriend’splace.C.Askpeopleonsocialmedia.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Howmanydogsdidthewomanrescue?A.Four.B.Six.C.Eight.9.Whatdoesthemanprobablydoforaliving?A.Heisajournalist.B.Heisadogwalker.C.Heisaphotographer.10.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Walkingherdog.B.Feedingherdog.C.Sellingherdog.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutemployingdisabledpeople?A.Worried.B.Undecided.C.Supportive.12.Whattypeofpanydoesthemanworkfor?A.Magazine.B.Furniture.C.I.T.13.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Employadisabledperson.B.Reduceherscreentime.C.Readanarticle.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Brotherandsister.C.Studentandfirewarden.15.Whatdayisittoday?A.Monday.B.Tuesday.C.Wednesday.16.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Callacharityorganization.B.Helpthemansortthealarmsout.CContactShelleythroughemail.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whyisrockclimbingnotdangerous?A.Youusearopetoholdyou.B.Youhaveapartnertocatchyou.C.Youcantakemeasurestoclimbsafely.18.Whatisamonbeginner’smistake?A.Tyingtheropeincorrectly.B.Tryingtoclimbtooquickly.C.Wearingahelmettooloosely.19.Whichskillwilltheclimbingcoursesteachyou?A.Howtochooseyourpartner.B.Howtogivemedicaltreatment.C.Howtofixclimbingequipment.20.Whatisthemaintopicofthetalk?A.Howtoclimbsafely.B.Howtoavoidmistakes.C.Howtotakeaclimbingcourse.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheInternationalOlympicmittee(IOC)YoungLeadersprogrammeempowerstalentstomakeapositivedifferenceintheirmunitiesthroughsport.TwentyfiveYoungLeadersarebeingselectedeverytwoyearsforafouryearperiod.TheypromotetheOlympicvalues,spreadingthemessageofsportforgood.TobeanIOCYoungLeader,youneedtofirstpletethe4WeekLearningSprint(冲刺).4WeekLearningSprintThe4WeekLearningSprint,whichwilltakeplaceduringNovember2023,isavirtuallearningprogramme.ThesessionscanbeattendedliveorwatchedbackaftertheyaremadeavailableontheIOCchannel.Eachweek,participantswillbeaskedtopleteatopic﹣specificreflectiontask.The4WeekLearningSprintisopentoanyone,withthetargetaudienceagedbetween20and28.Aftersuccessfullypletingthe4WeekLearningSprint,youwillneedtosubmitaplanforasport﹣basedproject,whichyouwillworkonifselectedasanIOCYoungLeader.RequirementsfortheApplicants•Youhavesuccessfullypletedthe4WeekLearningSprint.•Youhavepletedyourhighschoolstudies.•Youhaveatleastoneyearofworkexperience.•Youhavestrongpublicspeakingskills.•Youareselfmotivatedandmitted.•Youarepassionateaboutcreatingpositivechangeinyourmunity.•Youareopentobeingcoachedandadvisedbyexpertsandpeers(同伴).•Youareabletoworkwithpeoplefromdifferentbackgrounds.1.Inthe4WeekLearningSprint,participantswill________.A.createchangeintheirmunity B.attendavirtuallearningprogrammeC.meetpeoplefromdifferentbackgrounds D.promotetheIOCYoungLeadersproject2.IfselectedasanIOCYoungLeader,onewillneedto________.A.pleteareflectiontaskeachweek B.watchsportsontheIOCchannelCworkonasportbasedproject D.coachandadvisetheirpeers3.Whichisarequirementfortheapplicants?A.Spreadingthemessageofsportforgood. B.Havingatleastoneyearworkexperience.C.Showinggreatpassionforprojectplanning. D.mittingthemselvestobeinganexpert.【答案】1.B2.C3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个成为国际奥委会青年领袖的项目以及要求。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据4WeekLearningSprint部分中“The4WeekLearningSprint,whichwilltakeplaceduringNovember2023,isavirtuallearningprogramme.ThesessionscanbeattendedliveorwatchedbackaftertheyaremadeavailableontheIOCchannel.(为期4周的学习冲刺是一个虚拟学习计划，将于2023年11月进行。这些会议可以现场观看，也可以在IOC频道播出后观看)”可知，在为期四周的学习冲刺中，参与者将参加虚拟学习课程。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据4WeekLearningSprint部分中“Aftersuccessfullypletingthe4WeekLearningSprint,youwillneedtosubmitaplanforasport﹣basedproject,whichyouwillworkonifselectedasanIOCYoungLeader.(在成功完成为期4周的冲刺学习后，您需要提交一份以体育为基础的项目计划，如果您被选为国际奥委会青年领袖，您将参与其中)”可知，如果被选为国际奥委会青年领袖，需要做一个以运动为基础的项目。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据RequirementsfortheApplicants部分中“Youhaveatleastoneyearofworkexperience.(你至少有一年的工作经验)”可知，对申请人的要求是至少一年工作经验。故选B。【点睛】BMynameisAlice.Earlylastyear,Iwastroubledbyananxietythatcrippled(削弱)myabilitytodoanything.Ifeltlikeastormcloudhungoverme.ForalmostayearIstruggledon,constantlystaringatthiswallthatfacedme.Myperfectionisttendencieswerethemainrootofthis:IwantedtobeperfectatwhateverIdid,whichobviouslyinlifeisnotpossible,butitconsumedme.Oneday,IattendedapresentationbywildlifeconservationistGrantBrownatmyhighschool.Hispresentationnotonlyawedandinspiredme,butalsohelpedemergeaninnerdesiretomakeadifferenceintheworld.Ijoinedaprepresentationdinnerwithhimandthatsmallersettingallowedmetoslowlybuildupmycouragetospeakoneononewithhim—anideathathadseemedpletelyimpossible.Thisfirstcontactwaswheremystorybegan.Amonthlater,BrowninvitedmetoattendtheWorldYouthWildlifeConference.Lookingback,Inowseethatthiswouldbethefirstinaseriesoftimelyopportunitiesthatmyoldselfwouldhaveletpass,butthatthisnewandmoreconfidentAliceenthusiasticallyseized.ShortlyafterIreceivedhisinvitation,applicationstojointheYouthforNatureandtheYouthforPlanetgroupsweresentaroundthroughmyhighschool.Idecidedtomittopletingtheapplications,andsoonIwasapartofagrowingglobalteamofyoungpeopleworkingtoprotectnature.Eachofthesenewstepscontinuedtogrowmyconfidence.IamwritingthisjustsixmonthssincemyjourneybeganandI’verealisedthatmybiggestobstacle(障碍)thiswholetimewasmyself.Itwasthatvoiceinthebackofmyheadtellingmethatonephrasethathasstoppedsomanypeoplefromreachingtheirpotential:Ican’t.Theysaygoodthingsetothosewhowait;Isay:grabeveryopportunitywitheverythingyouhaveandbeimpatient.Afterall,naturedoesnotrequireourpatience,butouraction.4.WhatwasthemaincauseforAlice’sanxiety?A.Herinabilitytoactherage. B.Herhabitofconsumption.C.Herdesiretobeperfect. D.Herlackofinspiration.5.HowdidGrantBrown’spresentationinfluenceAlice?A.Shedecidedtodosomethingfornature. B.Shetastedthesweetnessoffriendship.C.Shelearnedabouttheharmofdesire. D.Shebuiltuphercouragetospeakup.6.TheactivitiesAlicejoinedinhelpedhertobeemore________.A.intelligent B.confident C.innovative D.critical7.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Practicemakesperfect. B.Patienceisacureofanxiety.C.Actionisworry’sworstenemy. D.Everythingestothosewhowait.【答案】4.C5.A6.B7.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者通过参加保护自然活动治愈好了自己的焦虑。【4题详解】细节理解题。由文章第一段“Myperfectionisttendencieswerethemainrootofthis:IwantedtobeperfectatwhateverIdid,whichobviouslyinlifeisnotpossible,butitconsumedme.(我的完美主义倾向是这一点的主要根源：无论我做什么，我都想做到完美，这在生活中显然是不可能的，但它消耗了我。)”可知，是要求完美导致了焦虑。故选C项。【5题详解】细节理解题。由文章第二段“Oneday,IattendedapresentationbywildlifeconservationistGrantBrownatmyhighschool.Hispresentationnotonlyawedandinspiredme,butalsohelpedemergeaninnerdesiretomakeadifferenceintheworld.(一天，我在高中参加了野生动物保护主义者GrantBrown演讲。他的演讲不仅让我感到敬畏和鼓舞，还帮助我产生了一种内在的愿望，希望在世界上有所作为。)”和文章第三段“ShortlyafterIreceivedhisinvitation,applicationstojointheYouthforNatureandtheYouthforPlanetgroupsweresentaroundthroughmyhighschool.Idecidedtomittopletingtheapplications,andsoonIwasapartofagrowingglobalteamofyoungpeopleworkingtoprotectnature.(在我收到他的邀请后不久，我的高中就收到了加入“YouthforNature”和“YouthforPlane”组织的申请。我决定致力于完成这些申请，很快我就成为了一个日益壮大的全球年轻人保护自然团队的一员。)”可知，是GrantBrown让作者开始为从事保护自然地活动中。故选A项。【6题详解】细节理解题。由文章第三段“Idecidedtomittopletingtheapplications,andsoonIwasapartofagrowingglobalteamofyoungpeopleworkingtoprotectnature.Eachofthesenewstepscontinuedtogrowmyconfidence.(我决定完成申请，很快我就成为了一个不断壮大的全球年轻人保护自然团队的一员。每一步都让我更加自信。)”可知，Alice加入这些活动让她变得更自信了。故选B项。【7题详解】推理判断题。由第一段“Earlylastyear,Iwastroubledbyananxietythatcrippled(削弱)myabilitytodoanything.Ifeltlikeastormcloudhungoverme.”（去年年初，我被一种焦虑困扰，它削弱了我做任何事情的能力。）由文章第三段“Idecidedtomittopletingtheapplications,andsoonIwasapartofagrowingglobalteamofyoungpeopleworkingtoprotectnature.Eachofthesenewstepscontinuedtogrowmyconfidence.(我决定完成申请，很快我就成为了一个不断壮大的全球年轻人保护自然团队的一员。每一步都让我更加自信。)可知，文章主要讲述作者通过参加保护自然活动治愈好了自己的焦虑。所以从文章中我们能学到行动是忧虑最大的敌人。故选C项。CFeelexhaustedafteraparty?Ratherseeoneclosefriendthanagroupofacquaintances?Enjoyyourownpany?Inourworld,thatmakesyouanintrovert(内向人).However,there’sanotherpossibleexplanation—verticalattachment.Ifyouareclosertoyourparentsandfamilymembersthantoyourpeers,youareverticallyattached,whichmeansyourelymoreonfamilyforfort.Ifyouareclosertoyourpeers,thenyouarepeerattached.Weliveinapeerorientedworld.Webelievethathavinglotsoffriendsmeansthatwearewelladjusted.Weputourkidsinplaygroupsanddaycareforpeerinteraction.Weexpectteenagerstowanttohangoutwiththeirfriends,thinkingitisthenaturalwayofthings.Result?Generationsoftenfeelworldsapart.Weusedifferentlanguage,dress,andtechnologyapps.Evenifmultiplegenerationsareinvitedtothesameparty,thekidsgotothebasementplayroomwhiletheparentsstayupstairs.Verticallyattachedindividualscanfeeloutofplaceinthiscontext,demonstratingthetracesofintroversion.Willtheybeexhaustedafterapartywithsameagedacquaintances?Absolutely.Wouldtheyratherspendtimewithoneclosefriend?Sure.Dotheyenjoyalonetime?Yes,morethantheyenjoytimefittinginwithpeers.It’snormalthatmanypeopleneedalonetimetorecharge.However,verticallyattachedpeopleoftenlabelthemselvesasintroverted.Theyfeelinsecurethatothershavemorefriendsandlivericherlives.Theyclaimthattheirfamilyattachmentsarisefromtheirlovedonesbeingstuckwiththem.Ifyoufeeltheseinsecurities,knowthatthereisnothingwrongwithyou,andyouarenotmissingoutonanything.Yourattachmentstyleisjustdifferentfromtheculturewhereyoulive.Haveconfidenceinthestrengthoftherelationshipsyouhave,whetheritiswithamomwhofeelsmorelikeabestfriend,oragrandmotherwithwhomyoucanshareanything.Theyaremeaningful,enrichingrelationships,eveniftheylookdifferentfromtheculturalnorm.8.Whoisverticallyattachedaccordingtothetext?A.Mike,whofeelsateasewithhisteachers.B.Maggie,whoenjoysfilmtimealoneatweekends.C.Tom,whofeelsburntoutafterafamilygettogether.D.Lisa,whooftenturnstoherdadwhenthingsarehard.9.Whatisthepopularbeliefamongparents?A.Youngergenerationsshouldbeselfdisciplined.B.Beingsociableisadesiredqualityfortheirchildren.C.Theirchildrenneedmorefriendsthantheythemselvesdo.D.Differentgenerationsshouldhavedifferentcirclesofacquaintances.10.Whatadviceisgiventoverticallyattachedpeople?A.Bethatasitmay,justleaveitasitis.B.Neverunderestimateyourinnerpower.C.Hangoutmorewithfriendsandadjusttoit.D.Treatothersthewayyouwanttobetreated.11.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsverticallyattachedpeople?A.Prejudiced. B.Cautious. C.Unconcerned. D.Favorable【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。本文主要探讨了垂直依恋类型人格的特点，并认为无论依恋方式如何，每个人都有自己独特的关系和情感需求，应该对自己的依恋方式有信心。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“However,there’sanotherpossibleexplanation—verticalattachment.Ifyouareclosertoyourparentsandfamilymembersthantoyourpeers,youareverticallyattached,whichmeansyourelymoreonfamilyforfort.(然而，还有另一种可能的解释——垂直依恋。如果你与父母和家庭成员的关系比与同龄人的关系更近，你是垂直依恋型的，这意味着你更依赖家庭来获得安慰)”可知，垂直依恋类型的人更依赖父母和家庭成员，由此推知，在遇到困难的时候经常向父亲求助的Lisa很可能属于垂直依恋类型。故选D项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Webelievethathavinglotsoffriendsmeansthatwearewelladjusted.Weputourkidsinplaygroupsanddaycareforpeerinteraction.Weexpectteenagerstowanttohangoutwiththeirfriends,thinkingitisthenaturalwayofthings.(我们相信有很多朋友意味着我们适应得很好。我们把孩子放在游戏小组和日托中心进行同伴互动。我们期望青少年想和他们的朋友出去玩，认为这是很自然的事情)”可知，家长们期望青少年想和他们的朋友出去玩，认为是一件很自然的事情，由此可孩子，家长们普遍希望他们的孩子具备善于交际的品质。故选B项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Yourattachmentstyleisjustdifferentfromtheculturewhereyoulive.Haveconfidenceinthestrengthoftherelationshipsyouhave,whetheritiswithamomwhofeelsmorelikeabestfriend,oragrandmotherwithwhomyoucanshareanything.Theyaremeaningful,enrichingrelationships,eveniftheylookdifferentfromtheculturalnorm.(你的依恋类型与你所处的文化不同。对你所拥有的人际关系的强度要有信心，无论是与感觉更像最好朋友的母亲，还是与你可以分享任何事情的祖母。它们是有意义的、丰富的关系，即使它们看起来与文化规范不同)”可知，作者建议垂直依恋型的人要正确看待自己的人际关系，要有信心，由此推知，作者建议不管依附类型怎样，让其顺其自然。故选A项。【11题详解】理判断题。根据最后一段“Ifyoufeeltheseinsecurities,knowthatthereisnothingwrongwithyou,andyouarenotmissingoutonanything.Yourattachmentstyleisjustdifferentfromtheculturewhereyoulive.Haveconfidenceinthestrengthoftherelationshipsyouhave,whetheritiswithamomwhofeelsmorelikeabestfriend,oragrandmotherwithwhomyoucanshareanything.Theyaremeaningful,enrichingrelationships,eveniftheylookdifferentfromtheculturalnorm.(如果你感到这些不安全感，要知道你没有任何问题，你没有错过任何东西。你的依恋类型与你所处的文化不同。对你所拥有的人际关系的强度要有信心，无论是与感觉更像最好朋友的母亲，还是与你可以分享任何事情的祖母。它们是有意义的、丰富的关系，即使它们看起来与文化规范不同)”可知，作者认为和家人保持比同龄人更亲密的关系，是有意义的，所以作者的态度是赞同的。故选D项。DSchoolbookstypicallypresentexplorersasintrepidindividualswho,forexample,sailwoodenshipstonewlandsorclimbMt.Qomolangmaalone.Buttodaymostexplorerswhoaremakingfundamentaldiscoveriesarescientists.Andwhetherthefrontiersaretiny,likethehumangenome,ormassive,likeourdeepestoceans,westillhavemuchlefttolearnaboutplanetEarth.Explorationisscienceinitsmostbasicform—askingquestionsofthenaturalworldand,wehope,usingtheanswersforthebettermentofeverythingonEarth.Explorationhasgreatvalue.Itinspiresus,widensourknowledgeandgivesushopeforabetterfuture.Andthepracticalpayoffscanevenbelifesaving.Scientistswhospentdecadesexploringwhatwasintheatmospherefoundthatovertimetheconcentrationofcarbondioxidewasrising.Withoutthatdiscovery,wehumanswouldnowbelivingliketheproverbialfroginapotofgraduallyheatingwater,unsurewhytheenvironmentaroundusischanging,andslowlyboilingtodeath.Thehumandrivetooverechallengesisanessentialaspectofthehumandrivetoexplore,which,inmostcases,spursinnovation.Earlyhumansubmersiblesthatreachedthebottomofthedeepestoceantrenches(海沟)madethetripjustonce,stressedbytheenormouspressuresthere.Buteventuallyamorestressresistantdeep–submergencevehicle,theLimitingFactor,allowedinvestorandunderseaexplorerVictorVescovotoreachtrenchbottomsnumeroustimes.Nowthereareroughly4,000autonomousArgofloatsacrosstheworld’soceansthatdivedownto2,000feetandresurfaceevery10days.TheArgogroupwillalsodeploy(部署)dozensofsensorseveryyearthatwillgatherbiologicalandchemicaldata,leadingtonewobservationsaboutmarinelife.Oceanresearchgroupsalsohavemadeitaprioritytoopenlysharetheirdiscoveriesanddatawiththepublicandtoinspirethenextgenerationofyoungscientists.Anyonecangoalongfortheride—wecanallbeexplorers.Maybeonedayyou’llexploretheGreatBarrierReef,thedesert,orarainforestcanopy(树冠).CaptainJamesT.KirkbeganeachepisodeoftheoriginalStarTrektelevisionseriesbysaying,“Space,thefinalfrontier(前沿).”Notnecessarily.WestillhaveplentytodiscoverrighthereonEarth,andweeagerlyawaitsurprisesfromthenewestworldswefind.12.Theunderlinedword“intrepid”inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto________.A.inspiring B.perseverant C.fearless D.industrious13.Theexample“proverbialfrog”inParagraph3isusedto________.A.illustratethesignificanceofexploration B.stresstheimportanceofknowledgeC.argueforthenecessityofinnovation D.showtheimpactofglobalwarming14.WecanlearnfromParagraph4that________.A.fruitfulresultshavebeenachievedinoceanexplorationB.newtechnologiespushhumanexplorationintheoceanC.thehumandesiretooverechallengesleadstoinnovationD.sealifeobservationisthefinalpurposeofoceanexploration15.Whatisthewritingpurposeofthepassage?A.Toshowexploringtheearthcanstillbefruitful.B.Toshowfewmodernscientistsaretrueexplorers.C.Toexplainexploringisaninbornhumanquality.D.Toexplainthespacewillbehuman’sfinalfrontier.【答案】12.C13.A14.C15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了探索是科学最基本的形式——提出自然世界的问题，我们希望用这些问题的答案来改善地球上的一切，最后的前沿不一定是太空，探索地球仍然是有意义的。【12题详解】词句猜测题。根据后文“forexample,sailwoodenshipstonewlandsorclimbMt.Qomolangmaalone.(例如，驾驶木船前往新大陆或独自攀登珠穆朗玛峰)”可知，驾驶木船前往新大陆或独自攀登珠穆朗玛峰都是非常勇敢且大胆的事，所以推知intrepid意为“勇敢的；无畏的”之意和C项意思相近。故选C项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Explorationhasgreatvalue.Itinspiresus,widensourknowledgeandgivesushopeforabetterfuture.Andthepracticalpayoffscanevenbelifesaving.Scientistswhospentdecadesexploringwhatwasintheatmospherefoundthatovertimetheconcentrationofcarbondioxidewasrising.Withoutthatdiscovery,wehumanswouldnowbelivingliketheproverbialfroginapotofgraduallyheatingwater,unsurewhytheenvironmentaroundusischanging,andslowlyboilingtodeath.(探索有很大的价值。它激励我们，扩大我们的知识，给我们一个更美好的未来的希望。实际的回报甚至可以挽救生命。科学家们花了几十年时间探索大气中的物质，发现随着时间的推移，二氧化碳的浓度正在上升。如果没有这一发现，我们人类现在就会像谚语中所说的青蛙一样生活在逐渐加热的水里，不知道我们周围的环境为什么会发生变化，然后慢慢地沸腾而死)”可推知，第三段中的“温水煮青蛙”的例子用来说明探索的重要性。故选A项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Thehumandrivetooverechallengesisanessentialaspectofthehumandrivetoexplore,which,inmostcases,spursinnovation.Earlyhumansubmersiblesthatreachedthebottomofthedeepestoceantrenches(海沟)madethetripjustonce,stressedbytheenormouspressuresthere.Buteventuallyamorestressresistantdeep–submergencevehicle,theLimitingFactor,allowedinvestorandunderseaexplorerVictorVescovotoreachtrenchbottomsnumeroustimes.(人类克服挑战的动力是人类探索动力的一个重要方面，在大多数情况下，探索动力会刺激创新。早期的人类潜水器到达最深的海沟底部，在巨大的压力下只进行了一次。但最终，一种更耐压力的深海潜水器——“限制因子”，让投资者和海底探险家维克多·维斯科沃得以多次到达海沟底部)”可知，从本段中，可了解到人类克服挑战的欲望导致了创新。故选C项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Explorationhasgreatvalue.Itinspiresus,widensourknowledgeandgivesushopeforabetterfuture.Andthepracticalpayoffscanevenbelifesaving.(探索有很大的价值。它激励我们，扩大我们的知识，给我们一个更好的未来的希望。而实际的回报甚至可以挽救生命)”；第四段中“Thehumandrivetooverechallengesisanessentialaspectofthehumandrivetoexplore,which,inmostcases,spursinnovation.(人类克服挑战的动力是人类探索动力的一个重要方面，在大多数情况下，探索动力会刺激创新)”以及最后一段中“WestillhaveplentytodiscoverrighthereonEarth,andweeagerlyawaitsurprisesfromthenewestworldswefind.(我们在地球上还有很多东西要发现，我们热切地等待着来自我们发现的最新世界的惊喜)”可推知，文章的写作目的是为了证明探索地球仍然是富有成效的。故选A项。第二节七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)Anytimeofthedayyoucanmittoexercisingisagoodtimeforgettingactive.However,thebesttimeforexerciseisdifferentforeachperson.____16____Determinewhenyouhavethemostenergy.Doyoustruggletogetoutofthebedinthemorningordoyouwakeupenergizedandreadytogo?Areyouanightowlandnevergettobedbeforemidnight?Onceyouestablishwhatyoursleeptendenciesare,youwillhaveabetterideaofwhenyourbodyismostreadytoexercise.____17____Youaremorelikelytohitthesnoozebuttoninsteadofgettingaworkoutin.Consideryourdailyschedule.Whenareyouthebusiest?____18____Trytofitinexercisebeforeoratleastaroundtheseevents.Somepeoplewouldprefertogetitoutofthewayfirstthing,whileothersprefertoputitoffuntiltheendofthedaywhentheyareallcaughtup.Determineyourexercisegoals.Ifyouaretryingtodeveloparoutine,youmaywanttoexerciseinthemorning.Peoplewhoexerciseinthemorningaremoreconsistent.____19____Ifyouaretryingtoimproveyourperformance,eveningexercisemaybebest.Youmayexperiencelesstiredness,quickerreactiontimes,andmorestrengthandflexibilityintheevening.Ifyouaretryingtoloseweight,youmaywanttoexerciseinthemorningbeforeyouhaveeatenwhenyourbodyismorelikelytousefatinsteadofcarbohydratesforenergy____20____Thisway,you’llseehowyoufeelandfindthetimethatworksbestwithyourschedule.Keepanexerciselogtohelpyouevaluateeachtime.A.Thiswillgiveyourbodytimetorelax.B.Doyouperformbetterinthemorningoratnight?C.Youmaynotfeellikeexercisingafteralongdayofwork.D.Whendoyoutendtoscheduleyourmostimportanttasks?E.Consideryourlifestyleandexercisegoalstofindtherighttime.F.Ifyou’renotamorningperson,donotscheduleanearlymorningworkout.G.Anyway,you’dbetterexperimentwithbothmorningandeveningworkouts.【答案】16.E17.F18.D19.C20.G【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如何选择适合自己的锻炼时间。【16题详解】根据上文“Anytimeofthedayyoucanmittoexercisingisagoodtimeforgettingactive.However,thebesttimeforexerciseisdifferentforeachperson.(一天中任何可以锻炼的时间都是活跃起来的好时间。然而，锻炼的最佳时间对每个人来说都是不同的)”可知，上文提到“锻炼的最佳时间对每个人来说都是不同的”，说明本句是在建议根据自身情况找到合适的锻炼时间。故E选项“考虑你的生活方式和锻炼目标，找到合适的时间”符合语境，故选E。【17题详解】根据后文“Youaremorelikelytohitthesnoozebuttoninsteadofgettingaworkoutin.(你更有可能按下贪睡按钮，而不是去锻炼)”可知，后文提到可能贪睡，说明无法早起去锻炼，故F选项“如果你不是一个早起的人，就不要安排早起锻炼”符合语境，故选F。【18题详解】根据上文“Consideryourdailyschedule.Whenareyouthebusiest?(考虑一下你的日常日程安排。你什么时候最忙？)”可知，本句与上文并列，都是关于日程安排的设问句，故D选项“你倾向于在什么时候安排你最重要的任务？”符合语境，故选D。【19题详解】根据上文“Determineyourexercisegoals.Ifyouaretryingtodeveloparoutine,youmaywanttoexerciseinthemorning.Peoplewhoexerciseinthemorningaremoreconsistent.(确定你的锻炼目标。如果你想养成习惯，你可能想在早上锻炼。早上锻炼的人更稳定)”以及后文“Ifyouaretryingtoimproveyourperformance,eveningexercisemaybebest.(如果你想提高你的表现，晚上锻炼可能是最好的)”可知，后文提到晚上锻炼最好，能提高表现，故本句是对一天日常活动对锻炼影响的猜测：工作一整天后，你可能不想锻炼。故C选项“工作一整天后，你可能不想锻炼”符合语境，故选C。【20题详解】根据后文“Thisway,you’llseehowyoufeelandfindthetimethatworksbestwithyourschedule.Keepanexerciselogtohelpyouevaluateeachtime.(这样，你会看到你的感觉，并找到最适合你的时间表的时间。做一个运动日志来帮助你评估每一次)”可知，本句主要提出了一种锻炼的建议，G选项中you’dbetterexperimentwithbothmorningandeveningworkouts对应后文thisway。故G选项“不管怎样，你最好在早上和晚上都进行锻炼”符合语境，故选G。第三部分语言知识运用(共三节，满分40分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Attheageofnineteen,AmyPurdy,whowasaneagersnowboarder,werelaterdiagnosedasadeadlybloodinfection.Amywasgivenlessthana2%chanceof____21____.Losingbothofherlegs,hearinginherleftear,Amywasforcedtorethinkhowshewould____22____adventuresandachieveherdreams.Amyhadto____23____howshewantedherlifetogoandhowshewould____24____thenextchapterofherlife.Whilechangeisnever____25____,Amyvieweditasanopportunity.She____26____herselftwothings:one,shewouldgetbackonhersnowboard.“Iwasso____27____aboutsnowboarding,whichreallyiswhatgotmethroughmy____28____days.I’mgratefulthatIwasalive.”Andtwo:somethingpositivewouldbebornoutofthis____29____.That’sbeenherstrongdeterminationeversince.Amy’s______30______backintodailylifewashard,andshelearnedthecountless______31______thatpeoplewithdisabilitiesfaceeveryday.Thehardestthingwasthe______32______ofresourcesforjoininginactivesportswhichbroughtherthemosthappiness.Besides______33______snowboarding,Amyfoundedanonprofitorganizationsupportingchildrenandadultswithdisabilitieswhowantto______34______activesports.“She______35______notonlytheseathletesthatareinasimilarsituationshehasgonethrough,butshehelpseveryonebelieveinthemselvesandbelieveanythingtheyputtheirmindsto.”saysMorganWhitehouse.21.A.working B.winning C.living D.fighting22.A.turnto B.workout C.setaside D.carryon23.A.imagine B.decide C.impact D.reveal24.A.read B.invent C.tell D.write25.A.hard B.intelligent C.easy D.sufficient26.A.charged B.promised C.involved D.offered27.A.crazy B.certain C.curious D.chief28.A.finest B.darkest C.longest D.busiest29.A.experience B.conference C.credit D.contest30.A.request B.destination C.reaction D.struggle31.A.jokes B.jobs C.challenges D.threats32.A.variety B.profit C.lack D.mass33.A.enjoying B.teaching C.choosing D.organizing34.A.getawayfrom B.putupwith C.makeupfor D.takepartin35.A.intends B.inspires C.inform D.instructs【答案】21.C22.D23.B24.D25.C26.B27.A28.B29