基于单片机音乐播放器设计

片机设计的MP3播放器具有硬件电路简单，软件运行可靠等特点。本文介绍了一种以MP3MP3MP3关键词：MP3目录摘 绪目录摘 绪 设计综 单片机工作原 单片机概 单片机的应用领域及发展趋 单片机产生音调的方 KEIL开发系 PROTEUS的操 硬件设 总体方案设 单片机最小系统电 AT89S52芯片性能介 电源电 时钟振荡电 键盘扫描模 显示模 播放模 系统软件设 编程原理及流程 调试与仿真结 软件调 测试LED显示模 测试键盘控制模 测试P3.0口输 调试中遇到的问题及解 仿真结 结束 致 参考文 附 附录1源程 IC卡，民MP3MP3，MP4，扩音器等很多方面，并可作于这个思想，我设计了一款特殊的"MP3心器件采用AT89S52单片机，本播放器具有电路简单,功能强大,易于拓展等特动感音乐屏等功能[2]转换器等电路AT89S52是一种低功耗、高性能CMOS8位微控制器，具有Flash允许程序存储器在系统可编程，亦适于常规编程器。在单芯片上，拥有灵巧的8位CPU和在系统可编程Flash，使得2.1.2片制造公司都推出了自己的单片机，从8位、16位到32位，数不胜数，应有尽C51系列兼容的，也有不兼容的，但它们各具特色，互成互补，为单（CPU（RAM（ROMA/DPMW（脉宽调二、低功耗CMOS化2.2音乐的产生主要是通过单片机的I/O口输出高低不同的脉冲信号来控制蜂2，即为半周期的时间。利用单片机定时器计时这个半个周期时间，音乐的产生主要是通过单片机的I/O口输出高低不同的脉冲信号来控制蜂2，即为半周期的时间。利用单片机定时器计时这个半个周期时间，口反相，这样就能在此I/O口上得到此频率的脉冲。就可求得节拍的时间1/41DELAY，那14DELAY，以此类推。所以只要求得1/4拍的DELAY,其余的节拍就是它的倍数。2.3KEIL只可以有main()函数。一般的做法是main()函数C文件加入到工程中，其他文件以#includeC2-3-1Keil2-3-1Keil图2-3-3所示）界面。在此界面上选择电路板上所用的单片机型号：AtmelAT89S51（AT89S52，视开发板上具体型号而定WorkspaceGroup1上右AddFilestoWorkspaceGroup1上右AddFilestoGroupGroup1’。在打开的对话框中，选择刚存的文件路径和对应的文件名2-3-5下一步，就开始编译刚输入进去的代码。点击工具栏中Keil会打出下面的提示：Buildtarget'Target1'assemblingled.asm...ProgramSize:data=8.0xdata=0"first"-0Error(s),0其中“"first"0Error(s0Warning(s).”说明现在的工程编译通过0个错误和0个警告。建立工程的时候，默认是不生成HEX文件的，得在编译做如下设置：单击，或者在ProjectWorkspace里Target1上右击，选择“OptionsforTarget‘Target12-3-6所示对话框，选择creating"first"...便会在工程所在文件夹里生HEX文件2-3-6生成HEX2.42-3-6生成HEX2.4PROTEUSProteusProteus来完成的。其过程一路和电气检测等。简称Proteus电路设计。（*.hexProteusAT89S52为核心，通过单片机的定时器产生一定长度的方波，方波脉冲驱动I/OI/OI/O脚上得到此AT89S52为核心，通过单片机的定时器产生一定长度的方波，方波脉冲驱动I/OI/OI/O脚上得到此频率的脉冲。当键盘有键按下时，判断键值，启动计数器T0，产生一定频率的脉LCD[5]。总体3-13.23.2.1AT89S52芯片性能AT89S52是低电压，高性能CMOS八位单片机，片内含8K字节的可反复擦写256ATMEL公司的高密度、非易失存储技术生产与标准MCS-51指令系统及8052产品引脚兼容，片内置通用八位中央处理器和Flash场92256×8字节内部RAM3-2-3-2-1AT89S528K32I/O口线，3166CPURAM，定时/计数器，串行通信口及中断系统继续工作。掉电方式保存RAM中的内AT89S52P1RZ-1602,P2键,P3RAM，定时/计数器，串行通信口及中断系统继续工作。掉电方式保存RAM中的内AT89S52P1RZ-1602,P2键,P38TTLP0P18位双向I/O口，P1阻把端口拉到高电平，1P1.0P1.1因为内部存在上拉电阻，某个引脚被外部信号拉低时会输出一个电流。IL与AT89S5.1/T2EX3-2-1P1.0P1.1P28I/O,P24TTL逻辑门电路。对端口P2写“1引脚被外部信号拉低时会输出一个电流(I)。IL在访问外部程序存储器或16（MOVX@DPTR）时，P288（MOVX@RI时，P2口输出P2锁存器的内容。Flash编程或校验时，P2亦接收高位地址和一些控动（吸收或输出电流）4TTLP3“1出电流。出电流。输出脉冲用于锁存地址的低8位字节。一般情况下，ALE仍以时钟振荡频率的可通过对特殊功能寄存器（SFR）区中的8EH单元的D0位置位，可禁止ALE脚会被微弱拉高，单片机执行外部程序时，应设置ALE禁止位无效。PSEN：程序储存允许（PSEN）输出是外部程序存储器的读选通信号，当AT89C52由外部程序存储器取指令（或数据）时，每个机器周期两次PSEN有FFFFHEAEAEACPU令。Flash+12VVpp，是该器件是使用12V编程电压VppXTAL1：振荡器反相放大器的及内部时钟发生器的输入端XTAL23.2.2源电9V12VLM78059V/12V是该器件是使用12V编程电压VppXTAL1：振荡器反相放大器的及内部时钟发生器的输入端XTAL23.2.2源电9V12VLM78059V/12V C1456321123图3-2-33.2.4位电初期，电容C充电，使复位脚持续高电平，当C充电到达一定程度复位脚电位会R完全拉低，高电平复位的时间由充电的时间决定，充电3-2-1234567893-2-4 图3-2-33.2.4位电初期，电容C充电，使复位脚持续高电平，当C充电到达一定程度复位脚电位会R完全拉低，高电平复位的时间由充电的时间决定，充电3-2-1234567893-2-4 RD 3.3T03.3T0有键按3.4常见的基于单片机设计的MP3LED数码管只能显示数字而无LCD-1602LCD-1602驱动电路简单，可以由单片机直接输出命令驱动。LCD3-43.4常见的基于单片机设计的MP3LED数码管只能显示数字而无LCD-1602LCD-1602驱动电路简单，可以由单片机直接输出命令驱动。LCD3-41234567读/写选择9VDD：电源正极，4.5－5.5V，通常使5V电压RS：MCU写入数据或者指令选择端。MCU要写入指令时，使RSE：LCD模块使能信号控制端。写数据时，需要下降沿触发模块。D0－D7：8BLALED，BLAVDD，BLK地，实测该模块的背光电流为50mA左右。3.5100mA123456783.5100mA12345678 293-54音乐发声设计原理4音乐发声设计原理I/O脚上得到此频率的脉冲。利用单片机内部定时器使其工作在计数器模式MODE1下，改变计数值例如，频率为523Hz，其周期天/523S=1912uS，因此只要令计数器计时DO（532HzT=65536-N=65536-Fi/2/Fr=65536-1000000/2/Fr=65536-DOT=65536-500000/262=63628DOT=65536-500000/523=645804)144位代表音符节1/41DELAY，14DELAY，1/4实际11/4511/4C3拍22/4611/2F33/433/48241A21/2频率5低音16低音27低音T=65536-N=65536-Fi/2/Fr=65536-1000000/2/Fr=65536-DOT=65536-500000/262=63628DOT=65536-500000/523=645804)144位代表音符节1/41DELAY，14DELAY，1/4实际11/4511/4C3拍22/4611/2F33/433/48241A21/2频率5低音16低音27低音31中音42中音53中音64中音75中音86中音97中音A1高音B2高音C3高音D4高音E5高音F0程序的简谱编码表里。FDH80HTH0,TL0。3)程序中的节拍控制是通过调用延时子程序DELAY的次数来实现,1拍为DELAY4-14-2所示，开始播放自定义音乐程序时，指针指向乐谱第一个字节，将第即为音符中节拍对应的1/404-14-2所示，开始播放自定义音乐程序时，指针指向乐谱第一个字节，将第即为音符中节拍对应的1/40工作在方式1,由次数得到节拍，再读取下一个乐谱字节，循环下去则演奏出美妙和谐的乐曲[9]55.155.1软件仿真器即可;后者一般需要仿真系统的支持。在本次设计中利用的是KEILC51软件仿真器,其评估版本可以免费获取,只是有2KB代码限制。5.1.1LED示模1 MOV5.1.1LED示模1 MOVTMOD,MOVTH1,MOVTL1,#0B0HMOVMOV0SETBTR15.1.2测试键盘控制模5.1.2测试键盘控制模SA:JBP1.0,SBLCALLDELAY2JBP1.0,SAJNBP1.0,MOVP2,#10001000B显AMOVR5,#10001000BMOVA,#0FFHMOVB,#0AH5.1.3P3.0输SP,TMOD,CLRTL0,TH0,21HTL0,TH0,21H5.2RET返回指令一定LJMP,我们就遇31MP3器的播放性能不稳定（有时候能工作，有时候却工作不了，当接一高电平以两个定时器同时工作，存在中断时序问题，刚开始时我们把定时器13，250us，CPU5.3在单片机中加载.hex文件仿真中遇到了以下几个问题。5-图5-35-图5-3设计也要考虑到性能和价格之比，和它驱动起来比较简单。同时在设计的过程致谢[1][1]黄振杰，卢小冰.基于AT89S52的多功能音乐播放器[J].广东：电子设计工程，2009年吴迅.用单片机设计音乐播放器[J].山东：电子侯玉宝,陈忠平,，李成群.Proteus51系列单片机设计与仿真.[M]何何立民．MCS-51系列单片机应用系统设计．北京航空航天大学出版社，[M]李华.MCS-51系列单片机应用接口技术.北京航空航天大学出版,[M]1993张义和，王敏男等.例说51单片机[M].北京：人民邮电出版社，2008.4陈明荧.8051单片机课程设计实训教材[M](第一版).北京:清华大学出版社1#defineucharunsignedchar#defineucharunsignedchar#defineuintunsignedintLCDPORTucharcodetab[]="Presskey";ucharcodetab1[]="Selectsong";ucharcodetab2[]="FirstSong";ucharcodetab3[]="butterfly";ucharcodetab4[]="SecondSong";ucharcodetab5[]="Jinglebell";ucharcodetab6[]="ThirdSong";ucharcodetab7[]="Yesterday";ucharcodetab8[]="ForthSong";LCDPORTucharcodetab[]="Presskey";ucharcodetab1[]="Selectsong";ucharcodetab2[]="FirstSong";ucharcodetab3[]="butterfly";ucharcodetab4[]="SecondSong";ucharcodetab5[]="Jinglebell";ucharcodetab6[]="ThirdSong";ucharcodetab7[]="Yesterday";ucharcodetab8[]="ForthSong";sbitLCDE=P2^2;sbit#defineSYSTEM_OSC#define4/5//定义普通音符演奏的长度分率,//4P3^7;// =262,277,294,311,330,349,369,392,415,440,466,494unsignedcharcode置={0,2,4,5,7,9,11//1~7在频率表中的位unsignedcharcodeLengthTab[7]={1,2,4,8,16,32,64unsignedcharSound_Temp_TH1,Sound_Temp_TL1;unsignedcharcode{0x1B,0x02,0x1A,0x02,0x1B,0x02,0x19,0x66,0x1A,0x03,0x18,0x02,0x17,0x02,0x16,0x0D,0x17,0x03,0x17,0x03,0x19,0x66,0x17,0x03,0x16,0x0D,0x19,0x0D,0x16,0x03,0x17,0x0D,0x18,0x03,0x16,0x03,0x15,0x00,0x19,0x02,0x11,0x02,0x10,0x02,0x15,0x02,0x0F,0x00,0x10,0x03,0x0F,0x00,0x0D,0x01,0x0F,0x66,0x10,0x03,0x16,0x03,0x10,0x0D,0x15,0x03,0x0F,0x03,0x1F,0x03,0x1A,0x0D,0x19,0x03,0x17,0x03,0x16,0x00,0x16,0x66,0x17,0x03,0x11,0x0C,0x19,0x66,0x10,0x03,0x15,0x02,0x16,0x02,0x15,0x02,0x10,0x0D,0x0F,0x03,0x10,0x0D,0x0F,0x00,0x17,0x66,0x19,0x03,0x11,0x02,0x10,0x0D,0x15,0x03,0x0F,0x15,0x0D,0x03,0x0D,0x03,0x0F,0x0D,0x10,0x03,0x11,0x0D,0x10,0x00,0x0F,0x0D,0x10,0x03,0x15,0x66,0x19,0x02,0x17,0x02,0x16,0x02,0x17,0x0D,0x15,0x02,0x10,0x0D,0x0F,0x03,0x0D,0x01,0x10,0x03,0x15,0x04,0x10,0x0D,0x10,0x03,0x15,0x04,0x10,0x0D,0x0F,0x03,0x0F,0x03,0x10,0x0D,0x15,0x03,0x0F,0x00,0x19,0x03,0x16,0x0D,0x17,0x03,0x16,0x0D,0x11,0x02,0x10,0x02,0x0F,0x00,0x00,0x00unsignedcharcode0x0F,0x03,0x0F,0x03,0x17,0x03,0x16,0x03,0x0F,0x66,0x19,0x04,0x19,0x04,0x0F,0x03,0x16,0x03,0x15,0x03,0x10,0x02,0x10,0x03,0x18,0x03,0x17,0x03,0x16,0x03,0x10,0x66,0x19,0x03,0x19,0x03,0x18,0x03,0x16,0x03,0x15,0x03,0x0F,0x03,0x0F,0x03,0x17,0x03,0x15,0x03,0x0F,0x66,0x0F,0x03,0x0F,0x03,0x16,0x03,0x15,0x03,0x10,0x66,0x10,0x03,0x18,0x03,0x17,0x03,0x16,0x03,0x19,0x03,0x19,0x03,0x19,0x03,0x1A,0x03,0x19,0x03,0x16,0x03,0x15,0x66,0x17,0x03,0x17,0x03,0x17,0x03,0x17,0x03,0x17,0x02,0x17,0x03,0x15,0x03,0x16,0x03,0x17,0x01,0x18,0x03,0x18,0x67,0x18,0x04,0x18,0x03,0x17,0x03,0x17,0x04,0x17,0x04,0x17,0x03,0x16,0x03,0x15,0x03,0x16,0x03,0x19,0x66,0x19,0x03,0x18,0x03,0x16,0x03,0x15,0x02,unsignedcharcodeMusic_Two[]0x17,0x03,0x16,0x03,0x17,0x01,0x16,0x03,0x16,0x03,0x15,0x01,0x10,0x03,0x15,0x03,0x16,0x0D,0x17,0x03,0x16,0x03,0x15,0x03,0x10,0x0E,0x15,0x04,0x0F,0x01,0x17,0x03,0x17,0x01,0x16,0x03,0x17,0x03,0x16,0x03,0x10,0x03,0x15,0x03,0x16,0x02,0x16,0x0D,0x16,0x03,0x15,0x03,0x10,0x03,0x15,0x03,0x17,0x03,0x16,0x03,0x17,0x01,0x16,0x03,0x16,0x03,0x15,0x01,0x10,0x03,0x15,0x03,0x16,0x0D,0x17,0x03,0x16,0x03,0x15,0x03,0x10,0x0E,0x15,0x04,0x0F,0x01,0x17,0x03,0x19,0x01,0x19,0x03,0x1A,0x03,0x19,0x03,0x16,0x03,0x16,0x03,0x16,0x02,0x16,0x0D,0x16,0x03,0x15,0x03,0x10,0x03,0x10,0x0D,0x19,0x03,0x19,0x03,0x1A,0x03,0x1F,0x03,0x1B,0x03,0x1A,0x03,0x17,0x0D,0x16,0x03,0x16,0x0D,0x17,0x01,0x17,0x03,0x17,0x03,0x1A,0x02,0x1A,0x02,0x10,0x03,0x17,0x0D,0x16,0x01,0x17,0x03,0x19,0x03,0x19,0x03,0x19,0x02,0x1F,0x02,0x1B,0x03,0x1A,0x03,0x1B,0x04,0x17,0x02,0x1A,0x03,0x1A,0x03,0x1B,0x04,0x1A,0x03,0x19,0x03,0x17,0x03,0x1B,0x04,0x1A,0x03,0x19,0x03,0x17,0x03,0x17,0x0D,0x16,0x03,0x17,0x03,0x19,0x01,0x19,0x03,0x1A,0x03,0x1F,0x03,0x1B,0x03,0x1A,0x03,0x17,0x0D,0x16,0x03,0x16,0x03,0x17,0x01,0x17,0x03,0x17,0x03,0x19,0x03,0x1A,0x02,0x10,0x03,0x17,0x0D,0x16,0x03,0x17,0x03,0x19,0x03,0x19,0x03,0x17,0x03,0x1F,0x02,0x1B,0x03,0x1A,0x03,0x1A,0x0E,0x17,0x02,0x1A,0x03,0x1A,0x03,0x1A,0x0E,0x17,0x16,0x1A,0x03,0x1A,0x03,0x1A,0x0E,0x1A,0x03,0x19,0x03,0x17,0x03,0x16,0x03,0x10,0x03,0x15,0x00,0x00,0x00unsignedcharcode0x15,0x03,0x15,0x03,0x16,0x03,0x17,0x02,0x19,0x03,0x17,0x03,0x19,0x03,0x17,0x03,0x19,0x66,0x17,0x02,0x17,0x03,0x19,0x03,0x16,0x02,0x17,0x03,0x19,0x02,0x1A,0x15,0x19,0x03,0x1A,0x02,0x21,0x02,0x20,0x03,0x1B,0x03,0x1B,0x66,0x19,0x03,0x17,0x03,0x17,0x02,0x16,0x14,0x15,0x03,0x15,0x03,0x17,0x03,0x19,0x02,0x19,0x03,0x19,0x03,0x19,0x03,0x17,0x03,0x1A,0x03,0x19,0x02,0x17,0x02,0x17,0x03,0x19,0x03,0x1A,0x02,0x17,0x03,0x19,0x02,0x1A,0x03,0x1A,0x01,0x20,0x02,0x1F,0x03,0x1B,0x03,0x1A,0x66,0x1F,0x03,0x1B,0x03,0x1F,0x03,0x1B,0x02,0x1A,0x03,0x1B,0x03,0x1F,0x02,0x1F,0x02,0x1F,0x02,0x20,0x03,0x20,0x16,0x1F,0x02,0x21,0x03,0x21,0x03,0x21,0x03,0x21,0x02,0x1F,0x03,0x1B,0x03,0x1F,0x03,0x1B,0x03,0x17,0x03,0x19,0x03,0x19,0x14,0x1F,0x03,0x21,0x03,0x21,0x03,0x21,0x03,0x21,0x03,0x20,0x03,0x1F,0x03,0x1F,0x03,0x1B,0x03,0x17,0x03,0x19,0x03,0x19,0x14,0x1A,0x03,0x1F,0x03,0x1B,0x03,0x1F,0x03,0x1B,0x03,0x20,0x66,0x1F,0x03,0x1B,0x03,0x1F,0x03,0x1F,0x03,0x20,0x66,0x1F,0x03,0x20,0x03,0x21,0x02,0x20,0x03,0x1F,0x02,0x1A,0x03,0x17,0x02,0x17,0x03,0x1A,0x03,0x17,0x03,0x19,0x14,0x17,0x03,0x17,0x03,0x16,0x04,0x15,0x03,0x16,0x03,0x17,0x01,0x17,0x03,0x16,0x03,0x16,0x14,0x17,0x03,0x17,0x03,0x18,0x02,0x16,0x03,0x16,0x16,0x15,0x03,0x17,0x03,0x16,0x01,0x1F,0x02,0x20,0x02,0x21,0x03,0x21,0x03,0x21,0x02,0x20,0x03,0x1B,0x03,0x1F,0x03,0x1B,0x03,0x1A,0x03,0x17,0x03,0x19,0x03,0x19,0x14,0x1F,0x02,0x21,0x03,0x21,0x03,0x21,0x02,0x20,0x03,0x1B,0x03,0x1F,0x03,0x1B,0x03,0x1A,0x03,0x17,0x03,0x19,0x03,0x19,0x14,0x1F,0x02,0x21,0x03,0x21,0x03,0x21,0x03,0x21,0x66,0x1F,0x03,0x1B,0x03,0x1F,0x03,0x1B,0x03,0x17,0x03,0x19,0x03,0x19,0x00,0x00,0x00ucharvoiddelay1(void){uchari,j;for(j=248;j>0;j--}voidGetch) {delay1();{switch(Z{case0xf9:k=0;break;对键值赋值case0xf5:k=1;break;case0xfa:k=2;break;case0xf6:k=3;}}}}void{uintuiCount;}voidWriteCMD(ucharCommond)//LCD{ voidWriteCMD(ucharCommond)//LCD{ }{Delay();}void{}voidmydelay(int{inti,j;for(j=255;j>0;j--}void{BeepIO=初值(10ms的初装值TL1Sound_Temp_TL1(65535-(1/1200)*SYSTEM_OSC)%256;计算TH1应装入的TH1=TL1=}|======TL1=}|======{BeepIO=}==Octachord,unsignedint{unsignedchari,j;unsignedcharTone,Length,SL,SH,SM,SLen,XG,FD;{j=i+Signature;if(j>11){j=j-//NewFreTab[i]=}NewFreTab[i]=if(Octachord==1)elseif(Octachord==3)}SoundLength=while(Sound[SoundLength]!