三年（21-23）高考真题汇编分项解读及变式 阅读理解C篇真题变式题（甲卷解析版）

2023年高考真题变式题分类汇编

专题03

网读理解C篇真题变式题（全国甲卷）

[2023年高考真题】

Iwasabout13whenanunclegavemeacopyofJosteinGaarder'sSophie'sWorld.Itwasfullofideasthat

werenewtome,soIspentthesummerwithmyheadinandoutofthatbook.Itspoketomeandbroughtmeintoa

worldofphilosophy（哲学）.

ThatloveforphilosophylasteduntilIgottocollege.Nothingkillstheloveforphilosophyfasterthanpeople

whothinktheyunderstandFoucault,Baudrillard,orConfuciusbetterthanyou-andthentrytoexplainthem.

EricWeiner'sTheSocratesExpress:InSearchofLifeLessonsfromDeadPhilosophersreawakenedmylove

forphilosophy.Itisnotanexplanation,butaninvitationtothinkandexperiencephilosophy.

Weinerstartseachchapterwithasceneonatrainridebetweencitiesandthenframeseachphilosopher's

workinthecontext（背景）ofonethingtheycanhelpusdobetter.Theendresultisareadinwhichwelearnto

wonderlikeSocrates,seelikeThoreau,listenlikeSchopenhauer,andhavenoregretslikeNietzsche.This,more

thanabookaboutunderstandingphilosophy,isabookaboutlearningtousephilosophytoimprovealife.

Hemakesphilosophicalthoughtanappealingexercisethatimprovesthequalityofourexperiences,andhe

doessowithplentyofhumor.Weinerentersintoconversationwithsomeofthemostimportantphilosophersin

history,andhebecomespartofthatcrowdintheprocessbydecoding（解读）theirmessagesandaddinghisown

interpretation.

TheSocratesExpressisafun,sharpbookthatdrawsreadersinwithitsapparentsimplicityandgradually

pullsthemindeeperthoughtsondesire,loneliness,andaging.Theinvitationisclear:Weinerwantsyoutopickup

acoffeeorteaandsitdownwiththisbook.Iencourageyoutotakehisoffer.It'sworthyourtime,eveniftimeis

somethingwedon'thavealotof.

1.Whoopenedthedoortophilosophyfortheauthor?

A.Foucault.B.EricWeiner.

C.JosteinGaarder.D.Acollegeteacher.

2.Whydoestheauthorlistgreatphilosophersinparagraph4?

A.TocompareWeinerwiththem.

B.Togiveexamplesofgreatworks.

C.Topraisetheirwritingskills.

D.TohelpreadersunderstandWeiner'sbook.

3.WhatdoestheauthorlikeaboutTheSocratesExpress?

A.Itsviewsonhistoryarewell-presented.

B.Itsideascanbeappliedtodailylife.

C.Itincludescommentsfromreaders.

D.Itleavesanopenending.

4.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofWeiner'sbook?

A.Objectiveandplain.

B.Daringandambitious.

C.Seriousandhardtofollow.

D.Humorousandstraightforward.

【答案】1.C2.D3.B4.D

【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者在13岁时开始喜欢哲学，随后Weiner的书TheSocratesExpress唤起

了作者对哲学的热爱。文章通过介绍了TheSocratesExpress这本书，倡导读者花时间去读这本书。

1.细节理角军题。根据第——段“Iwasabout13whenanunclegavemeacopyofJosteinGaarder?sSophie9s

World.Itwasfullofideasthatwerenewtome,soIspentthesummerwithmyheadinandoutofthatbook.It

spoketomeandbroughtmeintoaworldofphilosophy（哲学）.（我13岁的时候，一个叔叔给了我一本Jostein

Gaarder的《Sophie的世界》。书里面的观点对我来说都很新奇，所以我整个夏天都在钻研那本书。它对

我说话，把我带入一个哲学的世界。）”可知，JosteinGaarder为作者打开了通往哲学的大门。故选C。

2.推理判断题。根据第四段中“Weinerstartseachchapterwithasceneonatrainridebetweencitiesand

thenframeseachphilosopher'sworkinthecontext（背景）ofonethingtheycanhelpusdobetter.Theendresult

isareadinwhichwelearntowonderlikeSocrates,seelikeThoreau,listenlikeSchopenhauer,andhaveno

regretslikeNietzsche.（Weiner在每一章的开头者B描述了一个城市之间火车旅行的场景，然后将每一位哲学

家的著作框定在一个他们能够帮助我们做得更好的事情上。最终的结果是，我们学会了像苏格拉底一样思

考，像梭罗一样看，像叔本华一样听，像尼采一样没有遗憾。广可知，作者在第四段开头描写了Weiner书

的内容，接着作者通过列举了几位伟大的哲学家来描写读完这本书后我们能从中学到的东西，由此可推知，

作者列举了几位伟大的哲学家是为了帮助读者理解Weiners的书。故选D。

3.细节理解题。根据第四段中“This,morethanabookaboutundestandingphilosophy,isabookabour

learningtousephilosophytoimprovealife.（这不仅仅是一本关于理解哲学的书，更是一本关于学习运用哲学

来改善生活的书。厂可知，作者喜欢TheSocratesExpress这本书，是因为它的思想可以应用到日常生活中。

故选B。

4.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Hemakesphilosopicalthoughtanappealingexercisethatimprovesthe

qualityofourexperiences,andhedoessowithplentyofhumor.（他使哲学思想成为一种有吸引力的练习，可以

提高我们经验的质量，而且他在做这件事的时候充满了幽默感。户可知，Weiners的书很幽默，根据最后一

段中“TheSocratesExpressisafun,sharpbookthatdrawsreadersinwithitsapparentsimplicityandgradually

pullsthemindeeperthoughtsondesire,loneliness,andaging.（TheSocratesExpress是一本有趣而尖锐的书，它

以其表面上的简单吸引着读者，并逐渐将他们拉进对欲望、孤独和衰老的深层思考中。厂可知，Weiners

的书简单易懂，由此可知，Weiners的书既幽默又简单易懂。故选D。

【高考真题变式题1】

Aboutadecadeago,LawsonwasatabeachinVirginiawatchinghiskidsbuildcastlesrightnexttothe

waves.

“IkepttryingtogetthemtocomebackbecauseIthoughtitwasaterribleidea,“heremarked.Hewanted

themtobuildtheirsandcastlesclosertothedunes.Buttheyfounditmoreexcitingtobuildrightwherethewaves

hit,seeingtheirsandcastlesgetdestroyed,andthenrebuildingthemwithwhateverdebris（残骸）washedupfrom

theocean.taItseemedsosymbolic,somehow,ofhowlifeworksmorethanjustbuildingyourperfectsandcastles,9,

saidLawson.Whenhedecidedtoturnthatsunnydayintoachildren'sbook,theideacametojustusepictures."It

seemedlikeitwouldworkbeautifullywithoutwords,“hesaid.

ADayforSandcastlesisillustratedbyQinLeng.IfsthesecondwordlesspicturebookforLawsonandLeng

since2021'sOvertheShop.Leng'sillustrationsstayprettytruetoreallife.Threesiblingsspendthedaybuilding

sandcastlesandwatchingthemgetdestroyedbyaflyinghat."Tomeit'sacelebrationofchildhoodandthesimple

joysoflife.ThesearethethingsIliketocapture,9,saidLeng.

LengspentpartofherchildhoodinFrance,andshewasinspiredbyEuropeancomicbooks"WhatIloveto

dowhenIillustrateapicturebookisaddsidestoriestothemainstoryline.Ialwaysthinkaboutthereadersand

thelongevityofthebook,andIwantthemtobeabletodiscoversomethingneweverytimetheyrevisitthebook,^^

Lengexplained.

Attheendoftheday,thesleepy-eyedkidspileintothebusthatwilltakethemhome."Thoselastpagesare

someofmyfavorite.Theycapturethatfeelinglikeattheendofthedayonthebeach,whenit'sgettingdarkand

youfeelcompletelyexhausted,Lawsonsaid.Itmustbeauniversalchildhoodfeeling:happywithsand,sticky

fromthesalt,hotfromthesun,andreadytofallasleepthemomentyougetintothecar.

5.WhydoesLawsonmentionthescenewherethekidsbuiltsandcastles?

A.Tosuggestawaytoenjoyleisure.B.Totellustheinspirationforhisbook.

C.Toconvinceusofhowlifeworks.D.Toremindreadersofthechildhood.

6.Whatdoyouknowaboutthetwobooksmentioned?

A.Thestoriesareliterallyworksoffantasy.

B.Theyarepurchasedbykidsuniversally.

C.Theycarrynoelementsofcomicbooks.

D.Readerscanonlyfindpicturesinthem.

7.HowdoesLawsonfeelwhentellingusthelastpagesinthelastparagraph?

A.Pleased.B.Indifferent.C.Disturbed.D.Exhausted.

8.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?

A.ChildhoodinsandcastlesB.Beautifulchildhoodmemories

C.PopularillustratedbooksD.Explorethemysteryofnature

【答案】5.B6.D7.A8.A

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍ADayforSandcastles这本书创造的灵感来源以及书中的内

容。

5.推理判断题。由文章第二段“Whenhedecidedtoturnthatsunnydayintoachildren飞book,theideacame

tojustusepictures.（当他决定把那个阳光明媚的日子写成一本儿童读物时，他想到了只用图片）”可推知，

Lawson提到那天孩子们建造城堡的事情，是想说明他写的书是受这件事启发的。故选B项。

6.细节理解题。由文章第三段"ADayforSandcastlesisillustratedbyQinLeng.Ifsthesecondwordless

picturebookforLawsonandLengsince202TsOvertheShop.（《ADayforSandcastles》由秦冷绘制。这是自

2021年的《OvertheShop》以来，Lawson和冷的第二本无言绘本户可知，这两本书都是只有图片的无言绘

本。故选D项。

7.推理判断题。由文章最后一段"Thoselastpagesaresomeofmyfavorite.Theycapturethatfeelinglikeat

theendofthedayonthebeach,whenit'sgettingdarkandyoufeelcompletelyexhausted（最后几页是我最喜欢

的。他们捕捉到了一天结束时在海滩上的感觉，当天渐渐黑了，你感到筋疲力尽）”可推知，Lawson对最后

几页是非常满意的。故选A项。

8.主旨大意题。由文章第三段“ADayfbrSandcastlesisillustratedbyQinLeng.It'sthesecondwordless

picturebookforLawsonandLengsince202TsOvertheShop.Leng'sillustrationsstayprettytruetoreallife.

Threesiblingsspendthedaybuildingsandcastlesandwatchingthemgetdestroyedbyaflyinghat."Tomeifsa

celebrationofchildhoodandthesimplejoysoflife.ThesearethethingsIliketocapture/saidLeng.（《ADayfor

Sandcastles））由秦冷绘制。这是自2021年的《OvertheShop》以来，Lawson和冷的第二本无言绘本。冷的

插图非常真实。三个兄弟姐妹花了一整天的时间建造沙堡，看着它们被一顶飞行的帽子摧毁。冷说：‘对我

来说，这是对童年和简单生活乐趣的庆祝。这些都是我喜欢捕捉的东西。丁以及上下文可知，文章主要介

绍ADayforSandcastles这本书创造的灵感来源以及书中的内容，作者创造这本书灵感来自于看到孩子们

在沙滩上建造城堡。由此可知，A项Childhoodinsandcastles（沙堡童年）适合做本文标题。故选A项。

【高考真题变式题2】

AnewpicturebookcalledWhenDinosaursConqueredtheSkies:TheIncredibleStoryofBirdEvolution

explainsthescientificideathatbirdsaredinosaurs.ThewriterJingmaiO'ConnordescribesherselfonInstagram

asa“deadbirdfan99.WithherPhD,sheworksattheChicagoFieldMuseumasanexpertontheevolutionofbirds

andflyingdinosaurs.

O9Connorsayspeoplemayknowthatbirdsarelittledinosaurs.Buttheymightnotconnectthatfacttothe

birdstheysee.Onepurposeofherbook,shesaid,istoachieveit.O5Connoralsowantspeopletoseebirdsasshe

does——asfascinatingflyingdinosaurs.

Inherbook,O9Connoralsotalksaboutthelargerideaofscience-namelytheimportanceofmaking

mistakes.Eachmistake,shesaid,leadsusclosertothetruth/'Scienceisessentiallyaseriesofmistakes.And

everymistake,youknow,informsusalittlebitmoreandgivesusalittlebitmoreinformation.Butprettymuch

everythingthatwethinkis'truth'rightnowisprobablyatleastpartlywrong.Youknow,thereissomuchwe

don'tknow.Butmistakesarepartoftheprocess.

O5ConnorisaChinese-IrishAmericanwhogrewupinPasadena,California.Shedidnotalwayswantto

studytheremainsofancientlivingthings.Shebeganstudyinggeology,likehermother."Butinmycase,my

motherwentbacktoschooltodoherPhDwhenIwasaround10yearsold.Andso,shehadfourkids...So,she

wouldtakeuswithhertonotonlythelaboratory,butalsointothefield,whichmeansgoingouttocollectsamples.

So,Ifellinlovewithgeology.^^

However,O'Connorhadalargergoalinmindwhenshewroteherbook.Shesaid,"'Throughhavinggreater

respectforthelivinganimalsaroundus,Ihopethatpeoplestarttothinkmoreabouthowtheyimpactthe

environmentthroughtheiractions,sothatwecanallmovetowardsamoresustainablefuture.,,

9.WhichisoneofthegoalsofO9Connor?sbookaccordingtoParagraph2?

A.Tomakeconnections.B.Towriteareview.

C.Togiveinstructions.D.Tomakeaprofit.

10.WhatdoesO'Connorthinkofmistakes?

A.Unavoidable.B.Meaningless.

C.Invaluable.D.Uncontrollable.

11.WhatcanbelearnedfromParagraph4abouttheauthor?

A.Shehadcomplexsocialrelationships.

B.Shewantedtobeageologyteacher.

C.Hermotherwashergeologyteacher.

D.Hermotherhadearlyeffectsonher.

12.WhatdoesO'Connorexpectofherreaders?

A.Beingmindfulofwhattheywillsay.

B.Creatingamoresustainablelifestyle.

C.Organizingmoreoutdooractivities.

D.Tryingtomakeuseofthefindings.

【答案】9.A10.C11.D12.B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。一本名为《当恐龙征服天空:鸟类进化的不可思议的故事》的新图画书解释

了鸟类是恐龙的科学观点，作者是JingmaiCTConnor,文章对这本书和作者的理念进行了介绍。

9.细节理解题。根据第二段最后三句"Buttheymightnotconnectthatfacttothebirdstheysee.One

purposeofherbook,shesaid,istoachieveit.O9Connoralsowantspeopletoseebirdsasshedoes一as

fascinatingflyingdinosaurs.（但他们可能不会把这个事实和他们看到的鸟联系起来。她说，她写这本书的目

的之一就是实现这个目标。O'Connor还希望人们像她一样看待鸟类——像迷人的飞行恐龙一样。户可知，

根据第二段，O'Connor这本书的目标之一是在人们心中将鸟类和恐龙建立联系。故选A。

10.细节理解题。根据第三段前两句"Inherbook,O9Connoralsotalksaboutthelargerideaofscience一

namelytheimportanceofmakingmistakes.Eachmistake,shesaid,leadsusclosertothetruth.（在她的书中，

（TConnor还谈到了更大的科学概念——即犯错的重要性。她说，每一次错误都让我们更接近真相。户可知，

O?Connor认为错误是无价的。故选Co

11.推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句中的“So,shewouldtakeuswithhertonotonlythelaboratory,but

alsointothefield,whichmeansgoingouttocollectsamples.So,Ifellinlovewithgeology.（所以，她不仅会带我

们去实验室，还会带我们去实地，也就是出去采集样本。所以，我爱上了地质学。厂可知，从第四段中可

以了解到作者妈妈对作者产生了早期影响。故选D。

12.细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句中的"Throughhavinggreaterrespectforthelivinganimalsaround

us,Ihopethatpeoplestarttothinkmoreabouthowtheyimpacttheenvironmentthroughtheiractions,sothatwe

canallmovetowardsamoresustainablefuture.（通过更加尊重我们周围的动物，我希望人们开始更多地思考

他们如何通过他们的行动影响环境，这样我们都可以走向一个更可持续的未来。）"可知，O'Connor希望她

的读者能够创造更可持续的生活方式。故选B。

【高考真题变式题3】

IhavealwayslovedtheArthurianlegend（传奇），asthereissomethingquitespecialaboutKingArthur,and

ofcourseMerlin,myfavouritecharacterfromthestories.

DeathofanEmpireisthesecondvolumeinMKHume's"Merlin“serieswhichdetailsMerlin'slifefrom

birth.MerlintravelsacrosstheRomanEmpireinsearchofhisfather,avoyageofdiscoverytounderstandjust

whohewas.EventuallyMerlingetsinvolvedinthefightagainsttheHun'sinvasion（入侵）ofEuropeattheBattle

oftheCatalaunianPlain.

ServingundertheGeneralFlaviusAetius,Merlinbuildsareputationbysavingthelivesofthousandsof

soldiers.WhenhefinallyreachesRome,hesavesmanymore.ButafardeadlierconflictbetweenEmperor

ValentinianandSenatorPetroniusMaximusisaroundthecomerandMerlinmustuseallhisstrengthtocarryout

hiswork.

IfIhadtochoosejustonewordtodescribethisnovel,therewouldbenootherchoicethan“immersive（身临

其境的）”•Therehasclearlybeenaseriousamountofresearchcarriedoutbytheauthor.Combinedwiththe

descriptiveproseandimaginativestory,thebookreallydoesattractyoufromalmosttheverystart.Thestory

reallydoesfeellikeyouareapartofitasMerlintravelsacrosstheRomanEmpire.

TheauthordoesagreatjobofmixingtherichhistorywithestablishedArthurianlegend.Thebattlesceneis

handledveryeffectively.Theauthoremploysaveryeffectiveformtoshowthemainfightandthisnotonlyaddsa

degreeoftensionandagoodlevelofexcitementbutalmostmakesyoufeellikeyouarerighttherehearingabout

whathappened.

DeathofanEmpireisaveryfinenovel,awonderfullyrichtaleandarewardingstory.

13.WhydoesMerlintravelacrosstheRomanEmpire?

A.TovisitKingArthur.B.Toenjoyaniceview.

C.Togetawell-paidjob.D.Tofindouthisorigin.

14.Whatcanwelearnaboutthenovel?

A.Itisamixtureofhistoryandlegend.

B.Itfeaturesdifficultlanguage.

C.Itspeakshighlyofanemperor.

D.ItisamasterpieceofMerlin.

15.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"this"inparagraph5referto?

A.Aneffectivedescription.B.Along-runningbattle.

C.Awonderfulfeeling.D.Awell-knownlegend.

16.Whatisthetext?

A.Anewsreport.B.Ahistorystory.

C.Abookreview.D.Asciencefiction.

【答案】13.D14.A15.A16.C

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了MKHume的作品DeathofanEmpire并对其作了简评。

13.细节理解题。根据第二段中“MerlintravelsacrosstheRomanEmpireinsearchofhisfather,avoyageof

discoverytounderstandjustwhohewas.”（Merlin穿越罗马帝国寻找他的父亲，这是一次发现之旅，目的是

了解他到底是谁。）可知，Merlin游历罗马帝国是为了弄清自己的身世。故选D项。

14.细节理解题。根据第五段中“Theauthordoesagreatjobofmixingtherichhistorywithestablished

Arthurianlegend.”（作者在将丰富的历史与既定的亚瑟王传说相结合方面做得很好。）可知，这部小说融合

了历史与传说。故选A项。

15.词义猜测题。根据画线词前“Thebattlesceneishandledveryeffectively.Theauthoremploysavery

effectiveformtoshowthemainfight”（战斗场景处理得非常有效。作者采用了一种非常有效的形式来呈

现主要战斗……）由此可知，此处this指的是有效的描述。故选A项。

16.推理判断题。根据第二段中“DeathofanEmpireisthesecondvolumeinMKHume's6tMerlin^^series

whichdetailsMerlin'slifefh）mbirth."（《帝国之死》是“Merlin”系列的第二卷，详细介绍了Merlin从出生开

始的生活。）、第四段中“IfIhadtochoosejustonewordtodescribethisnovel,therewouldbenootherchoice

than“immersive（身临其境的）“（如果让我选择一个词来形容这部小说，那只能是“身临其境”。）以及最后

一段“DeathofanEmpireisaveryfinenovel,awonderfullyrichtaleandarewardingstory.”（《帝国之死》是一

部非常优秀的小说，一个非常丰富的故事，一个值得一读的故事。）可推断，本文为一篇书评类。故选C

项。

【高考真题变式题4】

Technologyseemstodiscourageslowreading.Readingonscreenstireseyeseasily.Soonlinewritingismore

skimmablethanprint.TheneuroscientistMaryWaltarguedthis“newnorm^^ofskimreadingisproducing"an

invisible,dramatictransformation^^inhowreadersprocesswords.Andbrainsnowfavorrapidabsorptionof

information,ratherthanskillsdevelopedbydeeperreading,likecriticalanalysis.

Weshouldn'toverplaythisdanger.Allreadersskim.Skimmingistheskillweacquireaswelearntoread

moreskillfully.Andfearsaboutdecliningattentionspanshaveprovedtobefalsealarms."Somecriticsworry

aboutattentionspanandseeveryshortstoriesassignsofculturaldecline,9,TheAmericanauthorSelvinwrote.

“Butnobodyeversaidpoemswereevidenceofshortattentionspans.”

YettheInternethascertainlychangedthewayweread.First,itmeansthere9smoretoread,becausemore

peoplethaneverarewriting.Anddigitalwritingmeansrapidreleaseandresponse.Oncepublished,onlinearticles

startformingacommentstringunderneath.Suchmodeofwritingandreadingcanbeinteractiveandfun,butis

probablylackinginprofoundreflection.

Perhapsweshouldslowdown.Readingisconstantlypromotedasasourceofpersonalachievement.Butthis

advocacyemphasizes“enthusiastic"or"eager“reading——neithersuggestslowabsorption.Toaslowreader,a

pieceofwritingcanonlybefullyunderstoodbyimmersingoneselfintheirslowcomprehensionofwords.The

slowreaderislikeaswimmerwhostopscountingthenumberofpoollapshe'sdoneandjustenjoyshowhisbody

feelsandmovesinwater.

Thehumanneedforthiskindofdeepreadingistoodeterminedforanynewtechnologytodestroy.Weoften

assumetechnologicalchangecan'tbestopped,sooldermediaarekickedoutbynewer,morevirtualforms.In

practice,oldertechnologiescancoexistwithnewones.TheKindlehasn,tkilledoffprintedbooksanymorethan

carskilledoffbicycles.Westillwanttoenjoyslowly-formedideasandcarefully-chosenwords.Evenina

fast-movingage,thereistimeforslowreading.

17.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsSelvin'sopinion?

A.Favorable.B.Critical.C.Doubtful.D.Objective.

18.Whichstatementwouldtheauthorprobablyagreewith?

A.Advocacyofpassionatereadinghelpspromoteslowreading.

B.Digitalwritingandreadingtendstoignorecarefulreflection.

C.Weshouldbeawareoftheimpactskimminghasonthebrain.

D.ThenumberofInternetreadersdeclinesduetotechnology.

19.Whyis“swimmer“mentionedinparagraph4?

A.Todemonstratehowtoimmerseoneselfinthought.

B.Tostressswimmingdiffersfromreading.

C.Toshowslowreadingisbetterthanfastreading.

D.Toillustratewhatslowreadingislike.

20.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?