北京市延庆区2020-2021学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题

延庆区202020学年第二学期期末试卷高二英语（考试时间：90分钟试卷满分：100分）第一部分:知识运用（共两节；每小题1.5分，满分30分）第一节:完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）Aschoolbusdriverreturnedtocollegetobeeahighschoolhistoryteacher,thankstosome_______1_______students．ClaytonWardisahistorylover,andassuch,_______2_______thetimehe'dspendchattingwithstudentsabouttheirhistoryclassesashe_______3_______themtoandfromschool．"Afterseveralofthesediscussions,someofthestudentswouldtellmetheywantedmetobetheir_______4_______,"hesaid．"Thatsmallmentionfromthosekids…it_______5_______meandgavemethemotivationtopleteagoalIhadstartedyearsago．"_______6_______,Wardwenttocollegeafterhishighschoolgraduation;butafterayear,hehadtoleaveandsoonstarteddrivingbuses．Buthestillvalued_______7_______,andtalkingwiththestudentsonthebusrouterenewedhissenseofpassionforexpandingandteachingyoungminds．Wardenrolled（注册）atamunitycollegeinMay2019,and_______8_______totakehisclassesfulltimewhilealsostilldrivinghisbus．"Itwasn'talways_______9_______．Iwoulddrivemyrouteinthemorningandafternoon,takeclassesinbetweenshiftsandtakenightclasses,"hesaid．"IwouldthinkofthosestudentsandalltheyearsIwantedtomakethishappen,andithelpedmefocusmyenergy．""Youwouldn'tthinkthatkidscandosomethinglikethat,togivemethe_______10_______andambitiontogobacktoschool,"Wardsaid．"It'skindofcrazythatsuchasmallthingcanmakesuchanimpactonyourlife．"1.A.energetic B.supportive C.considerate D.generous2.A.enjoyed B.found C.saved D.missed3.A.attended B.watched C.bussed D.trained4.A.driver B.adviser C.friend D.teacher5.A.aimedat B.stuckwith C.occurredto D.calledon6A.Initially B.Consequently C.Apparently D.Ultimately7.A.success B.munication C.responsibility D.education8.A.hesitated B.offered C.managed D.happened9A.suitable B.hopeful C.lucky D.easy10.A.right B.drive C.chance D.freedom【答案】1.B2.A3.C4.D5.B6.A7.D8.C9.D10.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了学校公交车司机ClaytonWard在学生们的鼓励和支持下，完成大学学业，成为一名高中历史老师的故事。【1题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在一些学生的支持下，一名校车司机回到大学成为了一名高中历史老师。A．energetic精力充沛的；B．supportive支持的；C．considerate体贴的；D．generous大方的。根据后文倒数第二段“IwouldthinkofthosestudentsandalltheyearsIwantedtomakethishappen,andithelpedmefocusmyenergy.”可知，在学生们的支持下，作者重回大学，后来成为了一名高中老师。故选B。【2题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：ClaytonWard是一位历史爱好者，因此，他很享受开公交车接送学生上下学时与他们聊历史课的时光。A．enjoyed享受，喜欢；B．found发现；C．saved挽救；D．missed思念，错过。根据前文“ClaytonWardisahistorylover”可知，因为ClaytonWard是一个历史学科的爱好者，所以他很享受和学生们聊历史的时光。故选A。【3题详解】考查词动词词义辨析。句意同上。A．attended参加，出席；B．watched观看；C．bussed用公共汽车运送；D．trained训练。根据文章第一句“Aschoolbusdriver…”可知，ClaytonWard是一个学校公交车司机，所以此处表示他开公交车送学生上学。故选C。【4题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在几次这样讨论之后，一些学生会告诉我，他们想让我做他们的老师。A．driver司机；B．adviser顾问；C．friend朋友；D．teacher老师。根据后文“andtalkingwiththestudentsonthebusrouterenewedhissenseofpassionforexpandingandteachingyoungminds．”可知，孩子们想要ClaytonWard成为他们的老师。故选D。【5题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：那些孩子提到的那一点，一直萦绕着我，给了我动力去完成我多年前就开始的目标。A．aimedat皆在；B．stuckwith坚持，固执（想法等）；C．occurredto突然想到；D．calledon要求，呼吁。根据后文“gavemethemotivationtopleteagoal…”可知，孩子们的提议一直在作者的脑海中挥之不去。故选B。【6题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：起初，Ward在高中毕业后上了大学。A．Initially最初，起初；B．Consequently因此；C．Apparently明显地；D．Ultimately最终。根据后文“butafterayear,hehadtoleaveandsoonstarteddrivingbuses．”可知，最初ClaytonWard是上了大学的，后来才去开公交车的。故选A。【7题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但他仍然重视教育，在巴士路上与学生们的交谈重新激发了他对拓展和教育年轻思想的热情。A．success成功；B．munication交流；C．responsibility责任；D．education教育。根据空后一句描述和转折连词but可知，此处表示ClaytonWard依然很重视教育的。故选D。【8题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ward于2019年5月进入一所社区大学学习，他在设法全日制上课的同时还开公交车。A．hesitated犹豫；B．offered提供；C．managed设法；D．happened发生。因为还在开公交车，所以此处需用动词managed，表示设法全日制上课。故选C。【9题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这并不总是容易的。A．suitable合适的；B．hopeful有希望的；C．lucky幸运的；D．easy容易的。根据后文“Iwoulddrivemyrouteinthemorningandafternoon,takeclassesinbetweenshiftsandtakenightclasses”可知，要想兼顾开车和上课并不是一件容易的事情。故选D。【10题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你不会想到孩子们能做这样的事，给我动力和雄心回到学校。A．right权力；B．drive动力；C．chance机会；D．freedom自由。根据空后“It'skindofcrazythatsuchasmallthingcanmakesuchanimpactonyourlife．”可知，孩子们的话给了ClaytonWard动力和雄心，让他重返大学校园，并成为一名老师。故选B。第二节：语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A语法填空OurschoolplannedatripforustostudyEnglishinanothercountrythisholiday.Iwasexcitedforitwasmyfirsttime___11___(travel)abroad.IpackedeverythingIthoughtI___12___(need)intomybackpack.IknewIwasgoingtohavesomuchfun.After___13___(board)thebustotheairport,Isaidgoodbyetomyparents.Ilookedoutthewindowofthebusanddreamedabout___14___wewoulddowhileonourtrip.【答案】11.totravel12.wouldneed13.boarding14.what【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者准备去另一个国家学习英语的事情。【11题详解】考查不定式。句意：我很兴奋，因为这是我第一次出国旅行。itis/wasone’sfirsttimetodosth.为固定短语，意为“这是某人第一次做某事”，因此空格处用不定式作time的后置定语，故填totravel。【12题详解】考查过去将来时。句意：我把所有我认为需要的东西都装进了背包。根据语境可知，我是把我将会用到的东西装进背包，因此空格处用将来时，通篇时态为一般过去时，因此空格处用过去将来时，即woulddo，故填wouldneed。【13题详解】考查动名词。句意：上了去机场的巴士后，我和父母说了再见。After为介词，其后跟动名词作宾语，故填boarding。【14题详解】考查宾语从句引导词。句意：我望着车窗外，梦想着我们在旅途中会做些什么。分析句子结构可知，about后为宾语从句，从句中缺少do的宾语，因此空格处用引导词what，故填what。B语法填空Cloningistheprocessofmakinganexactcopyofaplantoranimalanddevelopingiteithernaturally___15___artificially.Naturalcloninghasbeengoingonforgenerations.Forexample,gardeners___16___（use）aformofcloningwhentheytakeacuttingfromaplantandplaceitinasuitablemedium,suchassoil.Anotherexampleofnaturalcloningisidenticaltwins,___17___areproducedfromthesameegg.【答案】15.or16.havebeenusing17.who【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。短文讲述克隆是通过自然或人为的方式，对植物或动物进行精确复制、培育的过程。并通过列举植物的培养和同卵双胞胎进行了解释。【15题详解】考查连词。句意：克隆是通过自然或者人为的方式，对植物或动物进行精确复制、培育的过程。根据句意，前后文是选择关系，either…or…“或者……或者……”。故填or。【16题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：例如，园丁们从植物上截取一段，放在合适的培养基中(例如土壤)，就是一种克隆。分析句子可知，use是谓语动词，根据句意可知，此处讲述的是从过去开始，一直延续到现在一直在做的事情，故用现在完成进行时，其主语是复数，故填havebeenusing。【17题详解】考查定语从句。句意：自然克隆的另一个例子是同卵双胞胎，它们是由同一个卵子受精产生的。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，修饰twins，从句中作主语，引导非限制性定语从句，用关系代词who。C语法填空China,___18___June17,successfullylaunchedthecrewedspacecraftShenzhouXII,whichisexpectedtosendthree___19___(astronaut)toitsspacestationcoremoduleTianheforathreemonthmission.Thespacecraft,atopaLongMarch2Fcarrierrocket,____20____(launch)fromtheJiuquanSatelliteLaunchCenterat9:22a.m.,accordingtotheChinaMannedSpaceAgency(CMSA).ItisChina’sseventhcrewedmissiontospaceandthefirstduringtheconstructionofChina’sspacestation.【答案】18.on19.astronauts20.waslaunched【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲了6月17日，中国成功发射神舟十二号载人飞船的新闻。【18题详解】考查介词。句意：6月17日，中国成功发射神舟十二号载人飞船，预计将派遣三名宇航员前往天河空间站核心舱执行为期三个月的任务。June17是6月17日，是具体的某一天，具体的某一天前面需加介词on，故填on。

【19题详解】考查名词复数。句意：6月17日，中国成功发射神舟十二号载人飞船，预计将派遣三名宇航员前往天河空间站核心舱执行为期三个月的任务。astronaut意为“宇航员”，是可数名词，three后跟名词复数，故填astronauts。

【20题详解】考查一般过去时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意：据中国载人航天管理局(CMSA)消息，这个载人飞船搭载在长征二号f运载火箭的顶上，于上午9点22分，从酒泉卫星发射中心发射升空。载人飞船是被发射，且句子描述过去的事情，因此空格处用一般过去时的被动语态，即was/weredone，launch的过去分词为launched，主语Thespacecraft是单数，因此空格处为waslaunched，故填waslaunched。【点睛】第二部分阅读理解（共二节，满分38分）第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）ADon’tyouthinkrobotsareapartofyourlife?Infactories,robotsputtogethereverythingfromtoystocars.Somehomeshaverobotsthatsweepfloorsormowthelawn(剪草坪).Andmorerobotsaresoontoe.LikeaHumanRobotsdon’texpectanythanksforalltheworktheydoforus.Afterall,theydon’thavefeelings.ButthatmaybechangingwithNexi,arobotcreatedbyscientistsattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology.Nexicanmoveitsfacetoshowanger,happiness,orsadness.Itcanalsoraiseitseyebrowstoshowsurprise.RobotsatWorkNeedaliftoutofbed?RIBA,shortfor“RobotforInteractiveBodyAssistance”,willlenditshelpfularms!Somepatientsathospitalsandnursinghomeshaveahardtimegettinginandoutofbed.RIBAcangentlyliftapatientoutofbedandhelphimorherintoawheelchair.Therobotcansafelypickupandcarrypeopleweighing135pounds.WaterBotsRobotsthatworkinwater—andlooklikefamiliarseacreatures—aremakingnewslately.Oneofthemisaroboticfish.Researchersbuilttherobofishtoswiminwatertodetectpollution.There’sevenaroboticpenguincalledtheAP,whichusesflippers(鱼鳍)topaddleandcanmoveinalldirections.23Howwouldyoulikearobottohelpcleanupyourtoys,oronethatplayshideandseekwithyou?Naocanbeprogrammedtodoboththoseactivities,andmore.Atwofoottallrobot,NaowasdesignedbyapanyinFrancetobeahelperandpanion.Itcantalk,walkandevenrememberfaces,voices,andplaces.Also,itcanbeprogrammedtoassistwithdailytasks,suchascheckingemails.Expertspredictthatby2025wecouldhaverobotsineveryhousehold!Youmightbelivingorworkingwithoneofthemeveryday!.Bymovingitsface,Neximightshowits_________.A.feelings B.powerC.interest D.opinions22.Accordingtothepassage,aroboticfishmightbeusedfor_________.A.discoveringfish B.pickinguprubbishC.studyingseacreatures D.findingoutpollution23.Whichsubtitlecanbefilledintheblank?A.HouseholdHelpers B.ProgrammeDesignersC.HotelCleaners D.GamePlayers【答案】.A22.D23.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几款可以应用到日常生活中的机器人。【题详解】细节理解题。根据文章LikeaHuman部分的“Nexicanmoveitsfacetoshowanger,happiness,orsadness.(Nexi可以移动它的脸来表示愤怒、快乐或悲伤。)”可知，通过移动它的脸，Nexi可以表达它的感情。故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据WaterBots部分的“Researchersbuilttherobofishtoswiminwatertodetectpollution.(研究人员制造了这种机器鱼，可以在水中游泳来检测污染。)”可知，机器鱼可以用来发现污染。故选D。【23题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章表格第二栏“Howwouldyoulikearobottohelpcleanupyourtoys,oronethatplayshideandseekwithyou?(你想要帮你清理玩具，或者和你玩捉迷藏的机器人吗?)”可推知，这部分介绍的机器人跟家庭事物有关。A项：HouseholdHelpers(家庭助手)符合题意。故选A。BThePartyofTheirLivesInLosAngeles’sinfamousSkidRow,therearehundredsofchildrenlivingonthestreetsorinshelters.It’saplacewheredreamsgotodie.Butonecoupleisdeterminedtousetheirownexperiencewithlosstofosterasenseofhope.In2013,MaryDavisandherhusbandlosttheirfirstunbornkid.Refusingtolettheheartbreakbreakthem,theybecamevolunteersinaSkidRowhomelessshelter.Theyfoundthatmanyofthekidstherehadneverhadasinglebirthdaypartybefore,sotheydecidedtothrowabirthdaypartyforthosehomelesskids.TheytookoveraroomintheUnionRescueMissionandfilleditwithstreamers,giftsandacake.Thekidsweresoexcitedthattheymadetheirownmusic—singingandclappingand,ofcourse,laughing.Sincethen,thecouplehavethrownapartyeachandeverymonth.Theyroutinelyattract250kidsandtheirparents.Anhourbeforeeachparty,volunteersarrivetosetupthedecorationsandactivities:facepainting,balloonartists,aDJ,cake,andpizza.Therearesmallpresentsforthekidscelebratingtheirbirthdays,buttheDavismakesuretherearemorethanenoughtogoaround.“Irememberamomcamewithherkid,”Marysays.“Itwastheirfirstnightattheshelter,andherchildhadabirthday.Wehadanextragiftforher—pinkheadphones.Thelittlegirlwassoexcited.Andhermom...she’scrying.‘Ineverimaginedwewouldeverneedtobeinashelter.Ididn’tknowwhattoexpect.ButIreallydidn’texpectabirthdaypartyformychild.’shecriedwithhappiness.”Doingherbesttonormalizethesekids’livesisbothheartwarmingandbittersweetMarysays.“Ifyoulookoutside,youseehomelesspersonafterhomelesspersononthestreet,anditremindsyouthatthesekidsdon’tgettoleavethisareaaftertheparty.”Itmaybewhy,afterthrowing88parties,shestillcriesaftereachone.Shecreditsthekidsintheshelterwithhelpingherholdontohope.“Wedidn’trealizehowmuchjoytheyweregoingtobringus,”shetoldCBSNews.“Anditwassohealingforbothkidsandus.”24.InSkidRow,hundredsofkids________.A.werehomeless B.losttheirparentsC.droppedoutofschool D.werecrazyaboutparties25.Accordingtothepassage,whichcanbestdescribeMary?A.Honestandgenerous. B.Caringandgenerous.C.Outgoingandcaring. D.Outgoingandhonest.26.Whatdoesthestoryintendtotellus?A.Wellbegun,halfdone. B.Eastorwest,homeisbest.C.Whatgoesaroundesaround. D.Wherethereislove,thereishope.【答案】24.A25.B26.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是玛丽·戴维斯和她的丈夫每个月为避难所的孩子举办生日派对的故事。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“InLosAngeles’sinfamousSkidRow,therearehundredsofchildrenlivingonthestreetsorinshelters”（在洛杉矶臭名昭著的贫民窟，有数百名儿童露宿街头或住在避难所）可知，在贫民窟，数以百计的孩子无家可归，故选A。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“Theyfoundthatmanyofthekidstherehadneverhadasinglebirthdaypartybefore,sotheydecidedtothrowabirthdaypartyforthosehomelesskids.TheytookoveraroomintheUnionRescueMissionandfilleditwithstreamers,giftsandacake”（他们发现那里的许多孩子以前从来没有过一个生日派对，所以他们决定为这些无家可归的孩子举办一个生日派对。他们占用了联邦救援任务的一个房间，在里面放满了彩带、礼物和蛋糕）可推知Mary很关心那些无家可归的孩子，为孩子们买那些礼物，说明她很慷慨，因此可用Caringandgenerous描述Mary，故选B。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Shecreditsthekidsintheshelterwithhelpingherholdontohope”（她认为是收容所的孩子们帮助她保持了希望）及本文全篇内容可推知，本文是想告诉我们哪里有爱，哪里就有希望，即Wherethereislove,thereishope，故选D。CAreHappyMealsReallyHappy?Don’tweallknowa“HappyMeal”whenweseeonethefamousboxedmealthatincludesahamburger,kidsizedFrenchfries,fruitsandmilk,servedwithatoythat’sextremelypopularwithchildrenwholovetocollectthem?AHappyMealisaformofkids’mealsoldatacertainfastfoodchainsince1979.Atoyisincludedinthemeal,bothofwhichareusuallycontainedinaboxorpaperbag.However,collectorsoftheselittletoyswillnotgetthemanylonger,sincethepanywillreplacetoyswithbooksandeachofthesebookswillmainlypassonnutritionalmessages.HappyMealsareextremelypopularwithkids,especiallyfortheircollectabletoys,whenyouconsiderthatover1.3billionofthesepackagesaresoldeachyear.Thesepackageshavebeenverycontroversial.Healthsupportersbelievethatdrawingkidstothesemealswithtoysisacleverwayofpromotingunhealthyfoodchoices.Theyseeitasanadvertisingastrategyof“catchingitscustomersyoung”amovethathaspaidoffverywellforthefastfoodpany.Childdevelopmentexpertssaythatfoodhabitsgetformedinchildrenbyagesixandcontinuethroughtotheiradultlife.FattyandsugaryfoodssuchasthoseservedinHappyMealsarebelievedtoplayabigroleingrowinghealthproblemssuchasobesityanddiabetes.Publichealthcarecostshavegoneupanduntoldamountsofmoneyhavebeenspentoncopingwiththesehealthproblems.OnNovember2,2010,theSanFranciscoBoardofSupervisorspassedalawrequiringthatchildren’smealssoldinrestaurantsmustmeetcertainnutritionalstandardsbeforetheycouldbesoldwithtoys,tooveretheproblemofchildhoodobesityinotherwords,theStateofCaliforniatriedtobanthetoysinHappyMeals.However,itwasstronglyopposedbysomeasbeingheavyhanded,andthebanwasthrownoutbythegovernment.Whilesomepeoplebelievethatthefastfoodpany,withitslargefollowingofchildren,cancreateapowerfulmessagethroughthebooks,othersbelieveitsactionsarecontradictory.Anyway,thepanyistryingtospreadthemessageofnutritionwhileitisservingfoodthatisanythingbuthealthy.27.TheaimofthequestionraisedinParagraph1is______.A.giveasurprisetothetoylovers B.getreaders’attentiontothearticleC.callonreaderstobuyboxedmeals D.makereadersthinkabouttheanswer28.BookswillbeaddedintoHappyMealsto______.A.introducetheuseofthetoys B.increasethecostofthemealsC.helpkidslearnaboutnutrition D.spreadthemessageoffastfood29.AccordingtoParagraph3,HappyMeals_______.A.haveachievedthedesiredresultB.helpthecustomersstayyoungC.costmoremoneythanordinarymealsD.receiveapprovalfromhealthsupporters30.Whatistheauthor’sopinionaboutHappyMeals?A.Theybringmuchfuntochildren.B.TheyteachchildrenalotaboutnutritionC.Theydonoactualgoodtochildren’shealth.D.Theyarepopularwiththeyoungandtheold.【答案】27.B28.C29.A30.C【解析】【分析】本文为议论文。本文主要针对麦当劳的开心乐园餐是否有益健康进行了探讨。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段的疑问句可以判断出，作者提出这个问题的目的是引起读者的兴趣和注意，因为以前开心乐园餐中含有一些儿童玩具，而第二段说要用书代替这些玩具。故B选项正确。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的eachofthesebookswillmainlypassonnutritionalmessages.可知,每一本这样的书均可以给孩子传递一些营养方面的信息，也就是帮助孩子学到更多的关于营养的知识。故C选项正确。【29题详解】。推理判断题。根据第三段中的Theyseeitasanadvertisingastrategyof“catchingitscustomersyoung”amovethathaspaidoffverywellforthefastfoodpany.可知，人们认为这是一种广告策略，旨在“吸引年轻顾客”——此举对这家快餐公司来说收获颇丰。开心乐园餐应该是达到了预期的效果。故A选项正确。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中作者所说的thepanyistryingtospreadthemessageofnutritionwhileitisservingfoodthatisanythingbuthealthy.可知，作者认为麦当劳的开心乐园餐实际上对儿童健康无益。故C选项正确。DCyclingYouneedonlylookataprofessionalcyclisttoappreciatethepotentialeffectsofcyclingonthebody.Butwhataboutthemind?It’saquestionthathaslongchallengedanyonewhohaswonderedhowridingabikecanofferwhatfeelsclosetoastateofemptyingyourmind.Dr.JohnRateythinkscyclingincreases“thechemistryinyourbrainthatmakesyoufeelcalm,”butalsothatcarryingoutmultipleoperationswhilecyclingcanbeaneffectivetreatment,asshowninaGermanstudyinvolving115children,halfofwhomdidactivitiessuchascyclingthatinvolvedplexmovements,whiletherestperformedmorestraightforwardexerciseswiththesameaerobic(有氧的)demands.Bothgroupsdidbetterthantheypreviouslyhadinconcentrationtests,butthe“plex”groupdidalotbetter.Therehavebeenotherinterestingfindingstoo.In2003,Dr.JayAlbertsrodeatandembicycle,abicyclebuiltfortworiderssittingonebehindtheother,acrosstheAmericanstateofOhiowithafriendwhohasParkinson’s(帕金森)disease,aconditionaffectingthenervoussystem.Theideawastoraiseawarenessofthedisease,buttothesurpriseofbothriders,thepatientshowedsignificantimprovements.Dr.JayAlbertsthenscannedthebrainsof26Parkinson’spatientsduringandafteraneightweekexerciseprogrammeusingbikes.Halfthepatientswereallowedtorideattheirownpaces,whiletheotherswerepushedharder.Allpatientsimproved,andthegroupwhichwaspushedhardershowedparticularlysignificantincreasesinconnectivitybetweenareasofintelligenceresponsibleforfunctionssuchaswalkingandpickingthingsup.Wedon’tknowhowthishappens,butthereismoreevidenceofthelinkbetweenParkinson’sandcycling.AvideoontheInternetshowsa58yearoldmanwithsevereParkinson’s.Atfirst,wewatchthepatienttryingtowalk.Hecanbarelystandandhishandsshakeuncontrollably.Thenweseethemanonabicyclebeingsupportedbyothers.Withapush,he’soff,cyclingpastcarswithperfectbalance.Doctorsdon’tfullyunderstandthisdiscrepancyeither,butsaythatcyclingmayactassomesortofactionthathelpedthepatient’sbrain.Thescienceofcyclingisinplete,butperhapsthemostremarkablethingfortheeverydayrideristhatitcanrequirenoconsciousfocusatall.Themindlessnessofcyclingcannotonlymakeushappier,butalsoleaveroomforotherthoughts.Ontheseatofmybike,I’vesolvedproblemsatworkandmadelifedecisions,as,I’msure,havecountlessothers.31.WhatdoesthestudydescribedinParagraph2suggest?A.Cyclinghasagoodeffectonphysicalfitness.B.Thetasksinvolvedincyclingcanbehardforchildren.C.Lackofexerciselikecyclingcauseslackofconcentration.D.Cyclingcanimprovetheabilitytofocusattentiononatask.32.StudiesofpeoplewithParkinson’sshowthat______.A.cyclingdoesmoregoodifsufferersputmoreeffortintoitB.cyclingontandembikeshasabettereffectonthediseaseC.noteverypersonwithParkinson’swillbenefitfromcyclingD.socialawarenessismoreimportantforParkinson’ssufferers33.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“thisdiscrepancy”inParagraph4referto?A.WhyParkinson’saffectssomepeopleandnotothers.B.WhysomeonewithParkinson’scancyclebutnotwalk.C.HowcyclingcouldbeincludedintreatmentforParkinson’s.D.HowalinkbetweencyclingandParkinson’swasdiscovered.34.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Theeffectofcyclingisnotyetfullyunderstood.B.Cyclingisbelievedtobebothplexandmindless.C.Cyclinghasasignificantinfluenceonpeople’smind.D.Peoplemaybemoreintelligentwiththehelpofcycling,【答案】31.D32.A33.B34.C【解析】【分析】本文属于科普文章。骑自行车不仅可以强身健体，而且对于人的脑子也有益处。比如骑自行车可使人对任务的注意力有所提高，患帕金森症的病人骑自行车后，投入的时间越多恢复的越好。对此虽然不够科学，但确实存在。骑自行车对人的身心有很大的影响。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“asshowninaGermanstudyinvolving115children,halfofwhomdidactivitiessuchascyclingthatinvolvedplexmovements,…Bothgroupsdidbetterthantheypreviouslyhadinconcentrationtests,butthe“plex”groupdidalotbetter.”中可知，在德国的一项涉及115名儿童，其中一半人是骑自行车，活动中涉及到复杂的动作，而其余的直接进行相同的有氧的运动。两组在注意力集中在任务上的测试时都比做运动以前好，但是骑自行车等复杂性动词的人表现的更好。分析选项可知D项（骑自行车可以提高注意力集中在任务上的能力）还有同义词组concentrate（文中的名词concentration）=focuson。故选D。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Dr.JayAlbertsthenscannedthebrainsof26Parkinson’spatientsduringandafteraneightweekexerciseprogrammeusingbikes.Halfthepatientswereallowedtorideattheirownpaces,whiletheotherswerepushedharder.Allpatientsimproved,andthegroupwhichwaspushedhardershowedparticularlysignificantincreasesinconnectivitybetweenareasofintelligenceresponsibleforfunctionssuchaswalkingandpickingthingsup.”可知，JayAlberts博士接着扫描26帕金森病人的脑中，使用自行车八周锻炼后。一半的病人被允许按自己的速度骑，其他的则被推得更用力。所有的病人都得到了改善，骑车人投入更多的精力，许多功能区连通性显著增加，恢复的更好。由此可知骑自行车对于这种病的恢复有显著的影响，投入的精力越多，治疗的效果越好。分析选项可知A项符合题意，故选A。【33题详解】词义猜测题。根据第四段内容可知本段主要叙述了患帕金森症的人的恢复与骑自行车有一定的关系。患有帕金森症的开始连站都不能，也不能走路，但骑上自行车后却能掌握平衡。可知本段所说的“thisdiscrepancy”（这种差异）就是指患有帕金森症的人能骑自行车却不能步行。分析选项可知B项与题意相符，故选B项。【34题详解】主旨大意题。文章的第一段中提出了骑自行车有益于身体健康，接着提出了问题是否对人的脑子有影响。而且骑自行车对人的脑子有影响这个问题一直困扰着人们。在第二段JohnRatey博士用实验证明了骑自行车对人对任务的注意力有提高，第三段JayAlberts博士又发现了患帕金森症的病人骑自行车投入的时间越多，恢复的越好。最后一段作者用自己的事例再一次证明骑自行车对人的头脑有很大的影响，由此可知C符合题意。第二节：七选五（每题2分，共5个，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。CanAnimalsPredictEarthquakes?Thebeliefthatanimalscanpredictearthquakeshasbeenaroundforcenturies.In373B.C.,historiansrecordedthatsomeanimalsdesertedtheGreekCityofHeliceingroupsjustdaysbeforeaquakehittheplace.____36____Itwasdocumentedinnewsreportsthatthreedaysbeforethe2008Sichuanearthquake,thousandsoftoads(蟾蜍)appearedonthestreetsinMianzhu,acityhitveryhardwhere2,000peoplewerekilled.Alsosnakesreportedlylefttheirhomesandheadedforsafetyseveraldaysbeforethedestructiveearthquake.____37____Sometheoriesarethattheyfeelmovements,orweak“shocks”,intheearthbeforehumansdo;orthattheybeeawareofgasesgoingoutoftheearth.AnotherbeliefisthatanimalsareverymuchintunewithEarth’smagnetic(磁性的)field,sotheydetectelectricalsignalscausedbyelectromagneticfieldchanges,causingthemtopayattentiontothewarningthatanearthquakeisabouttohappen.TheUnitedStatesGeologicalSurveystatesthattherehasbeennoconcreteevidenceforthefactthatanimalbehaviorhasarelationshipwiththeoccurrenceofanearthquake.____38____Americanexpertsonearthquakesarealsoskeptical.Theythinkthatanimalsmayhavestrangebehavioratanytimeduetootherreasons—becausetheyarehungry,defendingtheir“countries”,orareabouttofaceadangeroussituation.____39____Theycontinuetofollowthe“anecdotalevidence”.Thehopeisthatonedaywhattheyhavelearnedwillprovetobeextremelyusefulinpredictingearthquakesmoreaccurately,thussavingmillionsoflives.A.Exactlywhatanimalshavesensedcan’tbefullyunderstood.B.Theconnectionbetweenthemhasneverbeenscientificallymade.C.Otherresearchersaroundtheworld,however,havenotgivenupontheidea.D.Itisnecessarytoknowiftheanimalbehaviorisanadvancedwarningsignal.E.Recordsofsimilaranimalforetellingofearthquakeshavesurfacedeversince.F.Wildcreaturesalsoshowvariouskindsofabnormalreactionsbeforeearthquakes.G.Perhapsthissensethatsomeanimalsappeartohavecanprotectusfromnaturaldisasters.【答案】35.E36.F37.A38.B39.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是动物可以预测地震并解释了原因。【35题详解】上文“In373B.C.,historiansrecordedthatsomeanimalsdesertedtheGreekCityofHeliceingroupsjustdaysbeforeaquakehittheplace”(公元前373年，历史学家记载，就在地震发生前几天，一些动物成群结队地离开了希腊城市Helice)说明历史学家记载，就在地震发生前几天，一些动物成群结队地离开了希腊城市Helice，下文“Fishmovingviolentlyandchickensthatstoplayingeggswerereported.Countlesspetownersclaimedtohavewitnessedtheirdogsandcatsactingstrangelybeforethegroundshook”(据报道，鱼类剧烈移动，鸡停止下蛋。无数的宠物主人声称亲眼目睹了他们的狗和猫在地震前的怪异行为),说明的是一些具体的动物在地震前一些奇怪的行为的事例，E选项Recordsofsimilaranimalforetellingofearthquakeshavesurfacedeversince（从那时起，类似的动物预测地震的记录就出现了）位于空格处起着承上启下的作用，因此E选项切合题意，故选E。【36题详解】下文“Itwasdocumentedinnewsreportsthatthreedaysbeforethe2008Sichuanearthquake,thousandsoftoads(蟾蜍)appearedonthestreetsinMianzhu,acityhitveryhardwhere2,000peoplewerekilled”(记录在新闻报道,前三天2008年四川地震,成千上万的蟾蜍出现在街头,绵竹,一个城市地震严重,2000人丧生)说明野生动物在地震前也有奇怪的行为，F选项Wildcreaturesalsoshowvariouskindsofabnormalreactionsbeforeearthquakes（野生动物在地震前也会表现出各种异常反应）引起下文内容，切合题意，故选F。【37题详解】下文“Sometheoriesarethattheyfeelmovements…AnotherbeliefisthatanimalsareverymuchintunewithEarth’smagnetic(磁性的)field,sotheydetectelectricalsignals”（一些理论,认为他们感觉到运动…另一个信念是,动物是非常符合地球磁性的,所以他们检测电信号）说明动物究竟感知到了什么还不能被完全理解，A选项Exactlywhatanimalshavesensedcan’tbefullyunderstood（动物究竟感知到了什么还不能被完全理解）引起下文内容，切合题意，故选A。【38题详解】上文“TheUnitedStatesGeologicalSurveystatesthattherehasbeennoconcreteevidenceforthefactthatanimalbehaviorhasarelationshipwiththeoccurrenceofanearthquake”（美国地质调查局表示，目前还没有确凿的证据表明动物行为与地震的发生有关系），下文“Americanexpertsonearthquakesarealsoskeptical”（美国地震专家也持怀疑态度）B选项Theconnectionbetweenthemhasneverbeenscientificallymade（他们之间的联系从未被科学地证实过）位于空格处起着承上启下的作用，切合题意，故选B。【39题详解】下文“Theycontinuetofollowthe“anecdotalevidence”.”（他们继续遵循“轶事证据”），说明世界各地的其他研究人员并没有放弃这个想法，C选项Otherresearchersaroundtheworld,however,havenotgivenupontheidea（然而，世界各地的其他研究人员并没有放弃这个想法）位于空格处起着承上启下的作用，切合题意，故选C。第三部分书面表达(共两节；32分)第一节：阅读表达（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）。阅读下面短文，根据短文内容写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。DiscoveredbyAmateursSomeastronomersspendtheirentirecareerslookingfornewdiscoveriesinspace,buta10yearoldCanadiangirlfoundoneonherfirsttry.InJanuary,2011,KathrynGray,whooftenstudiedstars,waslookingatrecentpicturesofouterspaceandparingthemtopicturestakenyearsearlier.Thepictureswer