河南省百师联考2023-2024学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题【含答案解析】

2023-2024学年度高一1月联考英语试题注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。考试时间为120分钟，满分150分第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatwillthewomandotomorrow?A.Enjoyflowers.B.Watchbirds.C.Buyacamera.2.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Movinghouse.B.Workingovertime.C.Doingsomecleaning.3.WhoisLucy?A.Thewoman’sboss.B.Thewoman’sdaughter.C.Thewoman’sco-worker.4.Whereistheconversationprobablytakingplace?A.Inahospital.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inanoffice.5.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Shewantstokeepthewindowopen.B.Themanshouldwearthickclothes.C.Themanneedstoseeadoctor.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7两个小题。6.WhereisprobablyMatt?A.Athome.B.Onaflight.C.Inataxi.7.Whatgiftdidthewomanget?A.Aphone.B.Awatch.C.Ascarf.听第7段材料，回答第8、9两个小题。8.WhydoesAmylookunhappy?A.Shecan’tlookafterhersickmother.B.Shedidn’twinacompetition.C.Shefailedherfinalexams.9.WhatdoesAmyintendtodothiswintervacation?A.Travelaroundthecountry.B.Visittheman’shometown.C.ReturntoArgentina.听第8段材料，回答第10至12三个小题。10.WhattimedoesJuliagotobed?A.At8:00p.m.B.At9:00p.m.C.At10:00p.m.11.WhathasupsetJulialately?A.Sheisfeelingunwell.B.Shehadabadcampingtrip.C.Herfatherspendslittletimewithher.12.HowdoesAndyfeelabouttheman?A.Worried.B.Dissatisfied.C.Concerned.听第9段材料，回答第13至16四个小题。13.Whatistheletterfor?A.Applyingforacollege.B.Applyingforapassport.C.Applyingforascholarship.14.Whendidthewomanfinishwritingtheletter?A.Yesterdayafternoon.B.Severaldaysago.C.Thismorning.15.Whatdoesthewomanprobablythinkaboutletterwriting?A.Veryhard.B.Veryeasy.C.Quitefun.16.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Writerandreader.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Managerandsecretary.听第10段材料.回答第17至20四个小题。17.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Reportingastudy.B.Chairingameeting.C.Teachingaclass.18.Whatshouldonepaymostattentiontowhentakingnotesaccordingtothespeaker?A.Listening.B.Reading.C.Writing.19.Whatisanadvantageofusingsymbolsinnote-taking?A.Itkeepsinformationsecret.B.Itleavesspaceforfutureuse.C.Itmakeskeywordsnoticeable.20.Whatwillthespeakerdonext?A.Askafewquestions.B.Showsomenotes.C.Makeasummary.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。AOverthelastcentury,engineersallovertheworldhavesparednoefforttoachievetheunachievableinbridgedesign.Danyang-KunshanGrandBridgeNobridgeisaslongastheDanyang-KunshanGrandBridgeintheworld.The164.8-kilometre-longbridgebuiltin2011inChinaservesaspartoftheBeijing-ShanghaiHigh-SpeedRailway.ThetripfromNingbotoJiaxingthatpreviouslytook4.5hourshasbeenreducedtotwo,thankstothisbridge.Rio-NiteróiBridgeCompletedin1974,theRio-NiteróiBridgeinBrazilisthesecond-longestbridgeinallofLatinAmericaconnectingthecitiesofRioandNiteróiacrosstheGuanabaraBay.TheRio-NiteróiBridgeistechnicallyknownasa“box-girder(箱形梁)”bridge,madeofspecialconcrete.Itreceivesanastonishing140,000(ormore)vehiclesperday.HartlandCoveredBridgeTheHartlandCoveredBridgeistheworld’slongestcoveredbridge.The1,282-foot-longbridgewasopenedin1901andhasbeenonCanada’slistofNationalHistoricSitessince1980.Althoughitwasoriginallybuiltwithoutaroof,thebridgewascappedwithwoodenmaterialsduringtherepairsin1921.JiaozhouBayBridgeThenewly-builtJiaozhouBayBridgeinChinawasnamed“world’slongestbridgeoverwater”byGuinnessBookofWorldRecordsin2011,atitlepreviouslyheldbytheLakePontchartrainCauseway.Thedisputewassettledwhenthetitleof“longestcontinuousbridgeoverwater”wasgiventothecauseway,withtheJiaozhouBayBridgereceivingthetitleof“longestbridgeoverwater”.1.Onwhichofthefollowingcantrainspass?A.Danyang-KunshanGrandBridge.B.Rio-NiteróiBridge.C.HartlandCoveredBridge.D.JiaozhouBayBridge.2.WhatisspecialabouttheHartlandCoveredBridge?A.Itisabusybridge. B.Itwasbuiltin1980.C.Ithasaroof. D.Itisawoodenbridge.3.Wherecanyoufindthelongestbridgeoverwater?A.InAmerica. B.InBrazil. C.InCanada. D.InChina.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了过去的一个世纪里人类修建的四座有特色的桥梁。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Danyang-KunshanGrandBridge中“The164.8-kilometre-longbridgebuiltin2011inChinaservesaspartoftheBeijing-ShanghaiHigh-SpeedRailway.(这座164.8公里长的大桥建于2011年，是京沪高速铁路的一部分。)”可知，因为丹昆特大桥是京沪高铁的一部分，由此可知，火车可以从丹昆特大桥通过。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据HartlandCoveredBridge中“Althoughitwasoriginallybuiltwithoutaroof,thebridgewascappedwithwoodenmaterialsduringtherepairsin1921.(虽然这座桥最初是没有屋顶的，但在1921年的维修期间，桥上覆盖了木制材料。)”可知，加拿大哈特兰廊桥的特别之处在于它有木制屋顶。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据JiaozhouBayBridge中“Thenewly-builtJiaozhouBayBridgeinChinawasnamed“world’slongestbridgeoverwater”byGuinnessBookofWorldRecordsin2011,atitlepreviouslyheldbytheLakePontchartrainCauseway.(2011年，中国新建的胶州湾大桥被吉尼斯世界纪录评为“世界上最长的水上桥梁”，此前该头衔由庞恰特雷恩湖堤道保持。)”可知，在中国你可以找到最长的水上桥梁——胶州湾大桥。故选D。BKylewasaboyinmyfifthgradeclass.Whenwesatacrossfromeachother,hewouldreachhislegsandsteponmyfoot,causingrapidpain.Eventually,myseatwasmoved.ButKyle’sabusedidn’tstop.Hiswordswereannoyingtoaneleven-year-oldgirl.KylealsobulliedmyfriendMegan.Atonepointsheranoutoftheclassroombecausehecopiedhernonstop.Despitemeetingswithteachersandparents,nothingchanged.Thenoneday,Kyleforcedmeintoawallandinsulted(侮辱)mybrother.Withmyteacherstandingbehindme,ItoldKyleexactlyhowmuchhehadhurtMeganandmephysicallyandemotionally.Ihadtearsstreamingdownmyface,butIdidn’tcare.Intheend,IcheeredinsideasKylequietlyapologized.Kyle’steasingdidn’tcompletelyend,butitdefinitelysubsided,andthefinalmonthofschoolwentbyfairlysmoothly.Kylewasgoingtoaprivateschoolthenextyear.IhadonlyseenKyleonce,atamovietheater.Wedidn’tspeak,andpretendedwedidn’tseeeachother.LateronenightasIthoughtaboutthemarkshe’dleftonthetopsofmyfeet,thewords,andthepain,Ifeltnohateforhim.Instead,Ifeltpity.Thisboy,whohadruinedmuchofmyfifthgradeexperience,hadprobablybeengoingthroughhisownissuesthen.Hewasobviouslymadattheworldandmaybehewassimplytakingthatangeroutonmyfriendandme.IfeltthatbeingangrywithKyleforwhathehaddonewaslikedrinkingpoisonandexpectinghimtodie.ByholdingmyhateforKyleinside,Iwasonlyhurtingmyself.Thatnight,bylettinggoofthatpain,Ifeltfree.Withforgiveness,wecanletgoofunnecessaryburdensandtrulyownourlives.4.Whatdidtheauthordoabouthertrouble?A.Sheturnedtotheteacher.B.Shereportedittothepolice.C.Shequietlyacceptedallthis.D.SheshareditwithMegan.5.HowdidtheauthorfeelafterKyleapologized?A.Annoyed. B.Happy. C.Quiet. D.Frightened.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“subsided”meaninparagraph3?A.Increased. B.Supported. C.Reduced. D.Replaced.7.Whatdidtheauthorlearnfromtheexperience?A.Neverbeafraidtoexpressyourtruefeelings.B.Neverpitythosewithoutconcernforothers.C.Don’tletotherpeopleholdbackyourdreams.D.Don’ttakethepunishmentforothers’mistakes.【答案】4.A5.B6.C7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者读小学的时候被同学欺凌，作者勇敢地怒斥对方之后得到了他的道歉，后来作者回想起那位同学给她带来的不好的经历以及伤害时，她感悟到：我们应该学会宽恕，放下心中沉重的负担，继续自己的生活。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据首段中“Despitemeetingswithteachersandparents,nothingchanged.(尽管与老师和家长会面，但一切都没有改变。)”可知，作者对她遇到的麻烦向老师求助，但是没什么改变。故选A项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Intheend,IcheeredinsideasKylequietlyapologized.(最后，当凯尔悄悄地道歉时，我在心里欢呼。)”可知，最后凯尔低声道歉了，作者内心在欢呼，由此推断作者此时感到快乐。故选B项。【6题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线单词前的“Kyle’steasingdidn’tcompletelyend(凯尔的戏弄并没有完全结束)”可知，凯尔对作者的戏弄并没有完全停止，根据“but”以及语境的连贯判断，画线词的含义是“变少”符合语境。故选C项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据尾段中的“ByholdingmyhateforKyleinside,Iwasonlyhurtingmyself.Thatnight,bylettinggoofthatpain,Ifeltfree.Withforgiveness,wecanletgoofunnecessaryburdensandtrulyownourlives.(把对凯尔的恨藏在心里，只会伤害我自己。那天晚上，通过放下痛苦，我感到了自由。有了宽恕，我们就能放下不必要的负担，真正拥有自己的生活。)”可知，作者认为，如果继续对他人心怀怨恨，只会伤害自己，学会宽恕，我们才能继续自己的生活。由此可推断，作者在自己的经历中感悟到的是：不要拿别人的错误惩罚自己。故选D项。CChangecanbeunsettling.Goodorbad,excitingorunexpected,there’sanundeniableanxietythataccompaniesseeingourlivesshift.Thankfully,natureremindsusthatenteringanewseasoninourlivesisnothingtofearbutsomethingtoenjoy.What’snowknownas“leaf-peeping”hasbecomeahighlyprofitableformoftourismintheUnitedStates.Aresearchshowsthatacrossstatesintheeasternhalfofthecountry,fallfoliage(叶子)tourismcontributesmorethan$30billiontolocaleconomies.Andeventhoughclimatechangehasmadeintmoredifficulttopredictwhenexactlyfoliagewillpeak,ithasn’tstoppedpeoplefromtryingtofigureitout.TourismleadersfromtheSmokyMountainsrecentlyreleasedtheirannualfallfoliagepredictionmapwhichhelpstravelersplanoutwhentheyhavethebestchancetocatchthosebeautifulautumnviews.Perhapspartofwhatmakesthefoliagesospecialisthebeliefthatit’stemporary.Eventually,brancheswillbecomebare,andwe’llstoptakingphotosforsocialmedia.Andastheseasonschangeandwefeelthatfamiliarlongingforwhatwas,treeswillonceagainembrace(欣然接受)theirevolution.Evenwhentheyaren’tdecoratedwithflashyfallcolorsandtheirinternalsystemsslowdown,treesarestillsupportingtheecosystem.Theirfallenleavesarebrokendownbybacteriaandfungiandprovidethesoilwithnutrientsthetreeneedstogrow.Insectstakeupshelterintheirbark,eventuallybecomingfoodforotherwildlifeseekingaplacetonest.Theirstrongrootsstabilizethesoil,preventingerosion(侵蚀)fromwintersnowmelt.Rightnow,treesaroundthecountryarealreadybeginningtowelcometheirnextchapter.Duringthistimeoftheyear,itfeelslikeforestsarejustofferingendlessjoyforfree.Andfallfoliageisaneverlastingreminderthatthegrowthwithchangesisbeautiful.8.Whatdoes“leaf-peeping”referto?A.Aformoftourismwherepeoplegotoseefallfoliage.B.Ameasuretakenbytourismleaderstoprotecttrees.C.Aresearchabouttheeffectsofclimatechangeontrees.D.Amethodforpredictingwhenfallfoliagewillpeak.9.Whydopeoplefindfallfoliagesospecial?A.Itbringschangetodailylife. B.Itcontributestolocaleconomy.C.Ithelpspreserveecosystems. D.Itlastsonlyforashorttime.10.Whatcanwelearnabouttreesinfallfromparagraph4?ATheyareeasilydamagedbybacteria. B.Theystoprootingduetocoldweather.C.Theycontinueprovidingshelterforwildlife. D.Theyplayaroleinreducingsnowfall.11.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TreesSupportingtheEcosystem B.LessonfromTrees:EmbracingChangeC.FallFoliageTourismintheUS D.ClimateChangesintheSeasonofFall【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在美国，观赏秋叶成为了一种盈利性的旅游方式，秋天的树木给我们带来无尽的欢乐，也是成长与变化之美的永恒象征。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“What’snowknownas“leaf-peeping”hasbecomeahighlyprofitableformoftourismintheUnitedStates.Aresearchshowsthatacrossstatesintheeasternhalfofthecountry,fallfoliagetourismcontributesmorethan$30billiontolocaleconomies.

(在美国，现在所谓的“赏叶”已经成为一种高利润的旅游形式。一项研究表明，在美国东半部的各州，赏叶旅游为当地经济贡献了300多亿美元。)”可知，leaf-peeping指的是人们去看落叶的一种旅游方式。故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Perhapspartofwhatmakesthefoliagesospecialisthebeliefthatit’stemporary.

(也许树叶如此特别的部分原因是人们相信它是暂时的。)”可知，人们觉得秋天的树叶如此特别是因为它只持续很短的时间。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段的“Insectstakeupshelterintheirbark,eventuallybecomingfoodforotherwildlifeseekingaplacetonest.

(昆虫躲在树皮里，最终成为其他寻找巢穴的野生动物的食物。)”可知，秋天的树虽然叶子落下了，但仍为野生动物提供食物和庇护。故选C。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第二段的“Changecanbeunsettling.Goodorbad,excitingorunexpected,there’sanundeniableanxietythataccompaniesseeingourlivesshift.Thankfully,natureremindsusthatenteringanewseasoninourlivesisnothingtofearbutsomethingtoenjoy.(变化可能令人不安。无论是好是坏，令人兴奋还是出乎意料，看到我们的生活发生变化，总有一种不可否认的焦虑。值得庆幸的是，大自然提醒我们，进入生命的新季节没有什么可怕的，而是值得享受的。)”可知，文章介绍秋天的到来有着好的一面也有坏的一面，但不管怎样生命的新陈代谢提醒人们要用心去拥抱和接受一切，因此B项(树木带来的启示：拥抱变化)能够概括文章内容，适合作为标题，故选B。DWhatmakesawordreal?Whohasthepowertomakethosekindsofofficialdecisionsaboutwords?Thosearethequestionsmanypeoplehaveinmind.Whenmostpeoplesayawordisn’treal,whattheymeanisthatitdoesn’tappearinadictionary.That,ofcourse,raisessomeotherquestions,including,whowritesdictionaries?Now,dictionariesaregoodresources,buttheyarechangeable.Ifyouaskdictionaryeditors,whatthey’lltellyouisthatthey’rejusttryingtokeepupwithpeopleaspeoplechangethelanguage.They’rewatchingwhatpeoplesayandwhatpeoplewriteandtryingtofigureoutwhat’sgoingtostickandwhat’snotgoingtostick.EveryJanuary,dictionaryeditorsgototheAmericanDialectSocietyMeetingeveryyear,whereamongotherthings,theydecideonthewordoftheyear.Thereareabout200or300peoplewhocome.SomeofthemarethebestknownlinguistsintheUnitedStates.Inthepast,someofthewinnershavebeen“staycation”todescribeavacationspentathomeand“tweet”todescribeapostmadeonthesocialnetworkingserviceTwitter.Sohowdoesawordgetintoadictionary?Itgetsinbecausepeopleuseitandpeoplekeepusingit,anddictionaryeditorsarepayingattentiontopeople.Ifacommunityofspeakersisusingawordandknowswhatitmeans,it’sreal.Thatwordmightbeinformalandthatwordmightbeawordthatyouthinkisillogicalorunnecessary,butaslongaspeopleareusingtheword,itisreal.Ihopethatwhatyoucandoistofindlanguagechangenotannoyingbutfunandinteresting,justthewaydictionaryeditorsdo.Ihopeyoucanenjoybeingpartofthecreativitythatiscontinuallyremakingourlanguageandkeepingitalive.12.Whydodictionarieschangeovertime?A.Speakerskeepchanginglanguage. B.Linguistsoftenmakeupnewwords.C.Dictionaryeditorschangeeveryyear. D.Wordsinthedictionaryareoutofdate.13.Whohastherighttodecidethewordoftheyear?A.Newwordsinventors. B.AmericanOfficials.C.Dictionaryeditors. D.Famouslinguists.14.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardslanguagechanging?A.Worried. B.Positive. C.Uninterested. D.Confused15.Wheredoesthispassagemostprobablycomefrom?A.Asciencefiction. B.Ahistorybook. C.Anewsreport. D.Apopularmagazine.【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了语言会随着人们的使用而变化，进而字典也会发生变化，并介绍了新词是如何进入字典的。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Now,dictionariesaregoodresources,buttheyarechangeable.Ifyouaskdictionaryeditors,whatthey’lltellyouisthatthey’rejusttryingtokeepupwithpeopleaspeoplechangethelanguage.

(现在，字典是很好的资源，但是它们是多变的。如果你问词典编辑，他们会告诉你，他们只是想跟上人们改变语言的步伐。)”可知，人们语言一直在发生变化，字典的变化为了跟上人们改变语言的步伐。故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“EveryJanuary,dictionaryeditorsgototheAmericanDialectSocietyMeetingeveryyear,whereamongotherthings,theydecideonthewordoftheyear.(每年一月，词典编辑们都会参加美国方言协会年会，在那里他们会决定年度词汇。)”可知，每年的一月，字典编纂者会去美国方言协会参加年度会议，他们会决定年度词汇。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Ihopethatwhatyoucandoistofindlanguagechangenotannoyingbutfunandinteresting,justthewaydictionaryeditorsdo.Ihopeyoucanenjoybeingpartofthecreativitythatiscontinuallyremakingourlanguageandkeepingitalive.(我希望你能做的是发现语言的变化不是烦人的，而是有趣的，就像字典编辑一样。我希望你能享受成为创造力的一部分，不断地重塑我们的语言，让它保持活力。)”可知，作者希望人们能够意识到：语言变化不是令人烦恼的而是有趣的，能享受成为创造力的一部分，不断地重塑我们的语言，让它保持活力；由此可知，作者对于语言变化的态度是积极的。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据最后一段“Sohowdoesawordgetintoadictionary?Itgetsinbecausepeopleuseitandpeoplekeepusingit,anddictionaryeditorsarepayingattentiontopeople.Ifacommunityofspeakersisusingawordandknowswhatitmeans,it’sreal.Thatwordmightbeinformalandthatwordmightbeawordthatyouthinkisillogicalorunnecessary,butaslongaspeopleareusingtheword,itisreal.

(那么一个单词是如何进入字典的呢?它之所以被收录，是因为人们在使用它，而且一直在使用它，词典编辑们也在关注人们。如果一群人在使用一个词，并且知道它的意思，那么这个词就是真实的。那个词可能是非正式的，那个词可能是一个你认为不合逻辑或不必要的词，但只要人们在使用这个词，它就是真实的。)”可知，本文主要阐述了语言会随着人们的使用而变化，进而字典也会发生变化，并介绍了新词是如何进入字典的；由此可知，本文最有可能来自面向大众的通俗杂志，向人们介绍有关词典的知识。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Sayyou’reonvacationatNiagaraFalls.Youwanttotakeanamazingphotothatcaptures(捕捉)theexceptionalbeautyofthewaterfalls.____16____Thethingisyou’renotaprofessionalphotographer.So,whatdoyoudo?Herearesometipsthatcanstepupyourphotographygame.____17____Beforeyousnap(拍摄)ashot,askyourself:Whatareyoutryingtodocumentandwhy?Thatmaybeassimpleassayingtoyourself:“I’mgoingtotakeapictureofthispaintingatthemuseumbecauseIlikethecolors.”Itcanhelpyoufocusonwhatyouwanttoremember.Makeashotlist.Professionalphotographersoftencreate“shotlists”—achecklistofeveryphototheyhopetocapture,alongwithnotesonstyleandcomposition—toensuretheygetthecoveragetheyneed.Youcantrythissameapproachonyourvacation.____18____Capturetheordinary.____19____Thesescenesmaynotfeelimpressiveenoughtophotographinthemoment,butthey’reonesyou’relikelytowanttorememberafteryourtripisover.Theimagesmaybeassimpleasyourdadnapping(打盹)ontheplaneoryourbelovedbackpack.Studyyourphotos.Itcanbehardtoappreciateyourphotosintherushofatrip.____20____You’llmostlikelyfindsomesurprises—aglance(一瞥)ofafriendinthebackgroundoradangling(悬挂的)flowerfromatreebranch.Keepaneyeoutforanythingthatmakesyouhappy.Aboveall,whatmattersisthatthephotoismeaningfultoyou.A.Learnfromtheprofessionals.B.Thinkbeforeyoutakeaphoto.C.Trytocapturemomentsorobjectsthatmayseem“ordinary”.D.Thus,waituntilyou’rebackhometostudyyourimagesmorecarefully.E.Makinguseofyoursensesisanotherwaytoadddimensiontoyourpictures.F.Howeveryoudon’twanttotakethesamephotothateveryoneelseistaking.G.Suchalistcanhelpfigureoutyourphotogoalsandidentifywhatyou’remostexcitedabout.【答案】16.F17.B18.G19.C20.D【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了在度假时拍摄优质照片的几个技巧。16题详解】根据上文“Sayyou’reonvacationatNiagaraFalls.Youwanttotakeanamazingphotothatcaptures(捕捉)theexceptionalbeautyofthewaterfalls.(假设你在尼亚加拉大瀑布度假。你想拍一张惊人的照片，捕捉到瀑布的非凡之美)”指出假设你正在尼亚加拉瀑布度假，你想拍一张令人惊叹的照片，捕捉瀑布的非凡之美。下文“Thethingisyou’renotaprofessionalphotographer.So,whatdoyoudo?Herearesometipsthatcanstepupyourphotographygame.(问题是你不是专业摄影师。那么，你是怎么做的?这里有一些技巧可以提高你的摄影水平)”提到了你并非专业摄影师，那么你会怎么做，接下来的几段介绍了能提高摄影水平的几个技巧，可知本句与上文构成转折关系，指出想拍出不同的照片。故F选项“但是，你不会想拍和别人拍的一样的照片”符合语境，故选F。【17题详解】根据本段内容“Beforeyousnap(拍摄)ashot,askyourself:Whatareyoutryingtodocumentandwhy?Thatmaybeassimpleassayingtoyourself:“I’mgoingtotakeapictureofthispaintingatthemuseumbecauseIlikethecolors.”Itcanhelpyoufocusonwhatyouwanttoremember.(在你拍照之前，问问你自己：你想要记录什么，为什么？这可能就像对自己说:“我要在博物馆给这幅画拍张照片，因为我喜欢它的颜色。”它可以帮助你专注于你想要记住的东西)”可知，设空处为小标题，起总结全段主旨的作用。通读该段内容可知，该段介绍的技巧是在拍照之前，你可以问问自己：你想记录什么？为什么？B项概括了本段主旨，适合作小标题。故B选项“拍照前要三思”符合语境，故选B。【18题详解】根据上文“Professionalphotographersoftencreate“shotlists”—achecklistofeveryphototheyhopetocapture,alongwithnotesonstyleandcomposition—toensuretheygetthecoveragetheyneed.Youcantrythissameapproachonyourvacation.(专业摄影师通常会创建“拍摄清单”——一份他们希望拍摄的每张照片的清单，以及风格和构图的注释——以确保他们得到他们需要的内容。你可以在度假时尝试同样的方法)”说明了专业摄影师通常会拟订一个“拍摄清单”，确保他们能拍到自己想要的内容。在度假时，你也可以尝试一下这个方法。G项中的Suchalist呼应上文中的shotlists。故G选项“这样的清单可以帮助你找出你的摄影目标，并确定你最感兴趣的是什么”符合语境，故选G。【19题详解】根据该段小标题“Capturetheordinary.(捕捉平凡)”可知，该段介绍的拍照技巧是捕捉普通的事物，C项中的capture和ordinary分别与小标题中的Capture和ordinary构成原词复现。故C选项“试着捕捉那些看起来“普通”的瞬间或物体”符合语境，故选C。【20题详解】根据上文“Itcanbehardtoappreciateyourphotosintherushofatrip.(在匆忙的旅行中很难欣赏你的照片)”说明了在匆忙的旅行中，你可能很难顾得上欣赏你的照片。下文“You’llmostlikelyfindsomesurprises—aglance(一瞥)ofafriendinthebackgroundoradangling(悬挂的)flowerfromatreebranch.Keepaneyeoutforanythingthatmakesyouhappy.Aboveall,whatmattersisthatthephotoismeaningfultoyou.(你很可能会发现一些惊喜——背景中朋友的一瞥，或者树枝上悬挂着的一朵花。留意任何能让你开心的事情。最重要的是，照片对你来说是有意义的)”指出你很可能会发现一些惊喜，并进行举例说明。D项中的studyyourimages与小标题Studyyourphotos相呼应。故D选项“因此，等到你回家后再仔细研究你的照片”符合语境，故选D。第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Ihadspentsometimeinthemorningtalkingtomy9-year-oldgranddaughteraboutbeing“generous”.Shehadalotofchocolates.Iaskedherifshehadthoughtabouthowshewasgoingto____21____hergoodfortunewithhersister?“No!”shesaid.That’swhyI____22____hertoshare,andwhyit’sgoodtobegenerous.Notsureifshewasconvinced,wethen____23____outonthetown,inSydney.IwantedtoshowherChinatownandshopatthemarkets.AftershoppingItookhertoa____24____.Sheisafussy(挑剔的)eater.Shewashavingagoodtimeandeventriedsomenew____25____whileItaughtherhowto____26____chopsticks.Inoticedamansittingnearmehavinglunch.Thenhegotupto____27____andpaidforour____28____.ThecountergirlcheckedwithusifthatwasOK.Iwasso____29____.ThenhewasgonebeforeIreallyhad_____30_____tothankhim.Mygranddaughterwas_____31_____touchedbythis.Wewerethenalsogifteddessertbyourwaitress.Good_____32_____cameinpairs.Whenwewereleaving,Igavethem$5asa_____33_____.ThenIsaidtomygranddaughter,“Wedon’treallyneeda_____34_____lunch,dowe?Sonowwehavetopayourgoodfortuneforwardtosomeoneelse.”She_____35_____immediatelyandwaslookingforahomelesspersonaftershegotmoney.21.A.discuss B.argue C.share D.play22.A.warmed B.encouraged C.ordered D.forced23.A.wiped B.watched C.worked D.headed24.A.restaurant B.cinema C.shop D.theatre25.A.drinks B.tastes C.cakes D.tables26.A.use B.choose C.enjoy D.recognize27.A.hide B.escape C.explain D.leave28.A.room B.meal C.goods D.taxi29.A.moved B.confused C.annoyed D.stressed30.A.money B.excuse C.time D.permission31.A.shyly B.simply C.completely D.generally32.A.chances B.things C.services D.customers33.A.tip B.bill C.postcard D.form34.A.delicious B.cheap C.rich D.free35.A.argued B.hesitated C.panicked D.agreed【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.A25.B26.A27.D28.B29.A30.C31.C32.B33.A34.D35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者想要教会孙女学会分享，于是带孙女外出，结果一位陌生男子为他们付了饭钱，服务员还送了甜品，而孙女也学到了慷慨大方的意义。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我问她是否想过如何与妹妹分享她的好运？A.discuss讨论；B.argue争论；C.share分享；D.play玩耍。根据上文“Ihadspentsometimeinthemorningtalkingtomygranddaughteraboutbeing“generous”.Shehadalotofchocolates.”以及后文“That’swhyI____2____hertoshare”可知，作者想让孙女分享自己的巧克力。故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么我鼓励她分享，以及为什么慷慨大方是件好事。A.warmed温暖；B.encouraged鼓励；C.ordered命令；D.forced迫使。根据上文“Ihadspentsometimeinthemorningtalkingtomy9-year-oldgranddaughteraboutbeing“generous”.”以及后文“hertoshare,andwhyit’sgoodtobegenerous”可知，作者一直在鼓励孙女与他人分享。故选B项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不确定她是否被说服了，然后我们去了悉尼的小镇。A.wiped擦去；B.watched观看；C.set设置；D.headed前往。根据后文“outonthetown,inSydney”可知，此处指他们前往了悉尼的小镇，headout“出发”。故选D项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：购物后，我带她去了一家餐馆。A.restaurant餐厅；B.cinema电影院；C.shop商店；D.theatre剧院。根据后文“whileItaughtherhowto____6____chopsticks.”以及“Inoticedamansittingnearmehavinglunch.Thenhegotupto____7____andpaidforour____8____.”可知，作者购物后带孙女去了餐厅。故选A项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她玩得很开心，甚至在我教她如何使用筷子的时候尝试了一些新的口味。A.drinks饮料；B.tastes味道；C.cakes蛋糕；D.tables桌子。根据上文“Sheisafussyeater.Shewashavingagoodtimeandeventriedsomenew”可知，此处指挑食的孙女尝试了一些新的口味。故选B项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她玩得很开心，甚至在我教她如何使用筷子的时候尝试了一些新的口味。A.use使用；B.choose选择；C.enjoy欣赏；D.recognize识别。根据后文“chopsticks”可知，此处指使用筷子，应用动词use。故选A项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他起身离开，并且付了我们的饭钱。A.hide隐藏；B.escape逃走；C.explain解释；D.leave离开。根据后文“ThenhewasgonebeforeIreallyhad____10____tothankhim.”可知，此处指男子起身要离开的时候。故选D项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他起身离开，并且付了我们的饭钱。A.room房间；B.meal膳食；C.goods商品；D.taxi出租车。根据前文“AftershoppingItookhertoa____4____.”以及后文“tothankhim”可知，此处指的是作者带孙女去参观吃饭时一名男子想要支付作者他们的饭钱。故选B项。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很感动。A.moved感动的；B.confused困惑的；C.annoyed生气的；D.stressed紧张的。根据上文“Thenhegotupto____7____andpaidforour____8____.”可知，一位陌生人为作者他们支付了饭钱，所以作者一定很感动。故选A项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我还没来得及感谢他，他就走了。A.money金钱；B.excuse借口；C.time时间；D.permission允许。根据上文“ThenhewasgonebeforeIreallyhad”以及空后“tothankhim”可知，此处指作者还没来得及感谢男子，男子就离开了，此处指没有时间感谢对方。故选C项。【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：.我的孙女完全被感动了。A.shyly害羞地；B.simply仅仅；不过；C.completely完全地；彻底地；D.generally大概；普遍地。根据空后“touchedbythis.”可知，此处指孙女被完全感动了。故选C项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：好事成双。A.chances机会；B.things事情；C.services服务；D.customers顾客。根据上文“Thenhegotupto____7____andpaidforour____8____.”以及“Wewerethenalsogifteddessertbyourwaitress.”可知，陌生人为作者付了饭钱，服务员还送了甜点，所以在作者看来是好事成双，“Goodthingscameinpairs.(好事成双)”，为固定表达。故选B项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们离开时，我给了他们5美元作为小费。A.tip小费；建议；B.bill账单；C.postcard明信片；D.form形式；表格。根据空前“Whenwewereleaving,Igavethem$5asa”可知，此处指作者给了他们5美元的小费。故选A项。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后我对孙女说：“我们真的不需要免费的午餐，对吧？所以现在我们必须把我们的好运传递给别人。”A.delicious美味的；B.cheap便宜的；C.rich富有的；D.free免费的。根据上文可知陌生人为他们付了饭钱，所以是免费的午餐。故选D项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她立刻同意了，拿到钱后正在找一个无家可归的人。A.argued争论；辩论；B.hesitated犹豫；C.panicked惊慌；恐慌；D.agreed同意。根据空后“immediatelyandwaslookingforahomelesspersonaftershegotmoney.”可知，此处指孙女立刻同意了我的提议。故选D项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Aswintercomes,handsandfeetcaneasilygetcold.Thickglovesmightbeagood____36____(choose),yetsometimeswearingthemisnotconvenient.____37____,thiswasnotaproblemforancientChinesepeople,whohadafinetool____38____(keep)theirhandswarm:handwarmers.Thereisno____39____(write)recordabouttheoriginofthistool,butthereisastoryaboutitsinvention.EmperorYangdifromtheSuiDynastyvisitedJiangsuinwinter.Duetothebittercold,thelocalofficialaskedcraftsmentomakeasmallwarmerfor____40____emperorthatcouldbeheldinhishands.Thusthehandwarmer____41_