记叙文阅读-2023年高考英语大题训练（上海）（解析版）

专题05记叙文阅读【大题精做】

冲刺2023年高考英语大题突破

题型简介

记叙文阅读理解一般在A篇出现，主要考查记人、叙事、写景、状物为主，以写人物的经历和事物发展

变化为主要内容的一种问题形式。

记叙文解题技巧

策略指导技法解读

弄清六要素何人、何地、何时、因何原因做了何事，结果如何，

有何启示或者感想。

弄清写作目的证明一个观点；赞美某种美德；谴责某种罪恶；提

供娱乐。

关注开头和结尾把握事情的动向，尾段经常是主题的生华所在。

关注情感主线分析事实的发展脉络，弄清人物关系，透析文章的

情感方向。

典例在线

（2022上师大附属外国语中学高三第二学期四月线上诊断）

Oneearlymorning,IwentintothelivingroomtofindmymotherreadingathickbookcalledBestLoved

PoemstoReadAgainandAgain.Myinterestwasarousedonlybythefactthattheword“Poems"appearedinbig,

hotpinkletters.

“Isitgood?”Iaskedher.

“Yeah,“sheanswered.ςςThere,soneɪreallylikeandyou,lllikeit,too.vIleanedforward.

444PattyPoem,^^^shereadthetitle.WhoisPatty?Iwondered.Thepoembegan:

Sheneverputshertoysaway,

Justleavesthemscattered*wheretheyIayS…一散乱的

Thepoemwasjustthreeshortsections.Thefinalonecamequickly:

O

WhenshegrowsandgathersPOiSeZ:稳重

I11missherharum-scarumnoise,H莽撞的

Andlookinvain公-forscatteredtoys.唯劳地

AndΓllbesad.

Aterriblesorrowwashedoverme.WhoeverPattywas,shewasameangirl.Then,theshock.

"It'syou,honey,,,Mymothersaidsadly.

Tomymother,thepoemrevealedaparent,saffectionwhenherchildgrowsupandleaves.Tome,the"she"in

thepoemwashorror.Itwasmymamawhowouldbesad.ItwassoterribleIburstoutcrying.

“What'swrong?”mymotherasked.

“OhMamaJlcried.ςςIdon,twanttogrowupever!”

Shesmiled.44Honey,it,sokay.You,renotgrowingupanytimesoon.Andwhenyoudo,I,llstillloveyou,okay?^^

“Okay,“Iwasstillweeping.Mypanichasgone.ButIcouldnothelpthinkingaboutthatsillypoem.Afterwhat

seemedlikeasafeamountoftime,Ireadthepoemagainandwasconfused.Itallfitsowelltogether,likeapuzzle.

Thelanguagewassimple,sosimpleɪcouldplainlyunderstanditsmeaning,yetitwasstillbeautiful.Iwasnow

fascinatedbytheideaofpoetry,wordsthathadthepowertomakeorbreakaperson,sworld.

Ihavesincefalleninlovewithotherpoems,but4TattyPoem^^remainsmypoem.Afterall,4TattyPoem^^gave

memyloveforpoetrynotbecauseitwasthepoemthatliftedmyspirits,butbecauseitwastheonethathurtme

themost.

36.WhywasthewriterattractedbythebookBestLovedPoemstoReadAgainandAgain?

A.Itwasathickenoughbook.

B.Somethingonitscovercaughthereye.

C.Hermotherwasreadingitwithinterest.

D.Ithasameaningfultitle.

37.Afterhermotherreadthepoemtoher,thewriterfeltatfirst.

A.sadB.excited

C.hon*ifiedD.confused

38.Thewriter,smotherlikedtoreadςςPattyPoem^^probablybecause.

A.itreflectedherownchildhood

B.itwaswritteninsimplelanguage

C.itwascomposedbyafamouspoet

D.itgaveherahintofwhatwouldhappen

39.ItcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethatςςPattyPoem,,leadsthewriterto.

Adiscoverthepowerofpoetry

B.recognizeherloveforpuzzles

C.findhereagernesstogrowup

D.experiencegreathomesickness

【36~39题答案]

【答案】36.B37.A38.D39.A

【解析】

【分析】本文属于记叙文，叙述了作者通过阅读“PattyPoem”感受到诗歌的美，进而爱上了诗。

[36题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句MyinterestwasarousedonlybythefoctthattheWord"Poems"appearedin

big,hotpinkIeHerS.我的兴趣被激起来了，主要是因为这本书封面上的“Poems”很大很红。为什么作者会

被这本书所吸引，喜欢反复阅读诗歌是因为封面上的东西吸引了她的注意。故B项正确。

【37题详解】

细节理解题。根据AndIRbeSad可知当作者妈妈给作者读完这首诗的时候，作者很难过。故A选项正

确。

【38题详解】

推理判断题。根据Tomymother,thepoemrevealedaparent,saffectionwhenherchildgrowsupandleaves.

可知对妈妈来说这首诗让她想起我也会长大也会离开她。所以判断出作家的母亲喜欢读“帕蒂诗”，可能

是因为这本书让她把未来可能发生的事情联系JZ起来。故D项正确

【39题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章最后•段Ihavesincefalleninlovewithotherpoems,butςςPattyPoeln^^remainsmy

poem.Afterall,ςςPattyPoem“gavememyloveforpoetrynotbecauseitwasthepoemthatliftedmyspirits,but

becauseitwastheonethathurlmethemosl.可知后来我爱上了其他的诗，但“帕蒂诗”仍然是我的诗。毕竟，

“帕蒂诗”给了我对诗歌的热爱，不是因为它让我精神振奋，而是因为它是伤害我最深的一首诗。所以从

文章中可以看出，“帕蒂诗''使作者发现了诗歌的力量。故A选项正确。

（2023上海松江二中开学考）

Amanmayusuallybeknownbythebookshereadsaswellasbythecompanyhekeeps;forthereisa

companionshipofbooksaswellasofmen;andoneshouldalwaysliveinthebestcompany,whetheritbeof

booksorofmen.

Agoodbookmaybeamongthebestoffriends.Itisthesametodaythatitalwayswas,anditwillnever

change.Itisthemostpatientandcheerfulofcompanions.Itdoesnotturnitsbackuponusintimesofadversityor

distress.Italwaysreceivesuswiththesamekindness;amusingandinstructingusinyouth,andcomfortingand

consolingusinage.

Menoftendiscovertheiraffinitytoeachotherbythemutuallovetheyhaveforabookjustastwopersons

sometimesdiscoverafriendbytheadmirationwhichbothentertainforathird.Thereisanoldproverb,ςLoveme,

lovemydog."Butthereismorewisdominthis:"Loveme,lovemybook.^^Thebookisatruerandhigherbondof

union.Mencanthink,feel,andsympathizewitheachotherthroughtheirfavoriteauthor.

Agoodbookisoftenthebestumofalifeenshriningthebestthatlifecouldthinkout;fortheworldofa

man,slifeis,forthemostpart,buttheworldofhisthoughts.Thusthebestbooksaretreasuriesofgoodwords,the

goldenthoughts,which,rememberedandcherished,becomeourconstantcompanionsandcomforters.

Bookspossessanessenceofimmortality.Theyarebyfarthemostlastingproductsofhumaneffort.Temples

andstatuesdecay,butbookssurvive.Whatwasthensaidandthoughtagesagostillspeakstousasvividlyasever

fromtheprintedpage.Theonlyeffectoftimehavebeentosiftoutthebadproducts;fornothinginliteraturecan

longsurvivebutWhatisreallygood.

Booksintroduceusintothebestsociety;theybringusintothepresenceofthegreatestmindsthathaveever

lived.Wehearwhattheysaidanddid;weseethemasiftheywerereallyalive;Wesympathizewiththem,enjoy

withthem,grievewiththem;theirexperiencebecomesours,andWefeelasifweweretosomedegreeactorswith

theminthesceneswhichtheydescribe.

Thegreatandgooddonotdie,eveninthisworld.Embalmedinbooks,theirspiritswalkabroad.Thebookis

alivingvoice.Itisanintellecttowhichonestilllistens.

40.Themainideaofthefirstparagraphisthat.

A.Oneshouldreadgoodbooks

B.Booksarelikeone,sbestcompanions

C.Oneshouldmakefriendswithgoodbooks

D.Oneshouldnotlivewithoutbooksandfriends

41.Theword"affinity"inthethirdparagraphmostprobablymeans.

A.similarityB.understandingC.rewardsD.compassion

42.Thebesttitleofthepassageis.

A.TheRoleofBooks

B.TheInfluenceofBooks

C.TheCompanionshipofBooks

D.TheContributionofBooks

140~42题答案】

【答案】40.C41.A42.C

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍好书作为陪伴的益处，书是人生至今仍在聆听的智慧之声，

永远充满着活力，是人类永远的陪伴。

【40题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第一段"Amanmayusuallybeknownbythebookshereadsaswellasbythecompanyhe

keeps;forthereisacompanionshipofbooksaswellasofmen;andoneshouldalwaysliveinthebestcompany,

whetheritbeofbooksorofmen.（通常看一个人读些什么书就可知道他的为人，也看他同什么人交往就可

知道他的为人。因为有人以人为伴，也有人以书为伴。无论是书友还是朋友，我们都应该以最好的为伴。）”

可知，本段主要介绍一个人应该和好书交朋友。故选C。

（41题详解】

词句猜测题。根据划线后面的"bythemutuallovetheyhaveforabookjustastwopersonssometimesdiscover

afriendbytheadmirationwhichbothentertainforathird.（他们因为对一本书的热爱而成为朋友，就像有时

两个人因为敬慕同一个人而成为朋友一样。）以及下文“Mencanthink,feel,andsympathizewitheachother

throughtheirfavoriteauthor.（人们可以通过共同喜爱的作家交流彼此的思想和感情以达到共情。）“可知，

人们可以通过对同一本书的喜爱而找到相似处。所以affinity为“相似之处”之意。故选A。

【42题详解】

主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Amanmayusuallybeknownbythebookshereadsaswellasbythecompany

hekeeps;forthereisacompanionshipofbooksaswellasofmen;andoneshouldalwaysliveinthebestcompany,

whetheritbeofbooksorOfmerL（通常看一个人读些什么书就可知道他的为人，也看他同什么人交往就可

知道他的为人。因为有人以人为伴，也有人以书为伴。无论是书友还是朋友，我们都应该以最好的为伴。）”

可知，文章主要介绍好书作为陪伴的益处，书是人生至今仍在聆听的智慧之声，永远充满着活力，是人

类永远的陪伴。所以“TheCOmPanionShiPofBookS（以书为伴）”作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。

刷模拟

（A）

（2023上海奉贤区一模）

IfIhaveagoalinlife,itisn,ttobedrivingaRolls-Royce.Ifstobegivingawaymorethan$1,000,000ayear

andhavinganimpactonpeople'slives.IhavethesuccesstodaybecauseIalwayshadtoworkforwhatIwanted.

Igrewupaccustomedtorisksanddisappointments,soIwasusedtomovingforward,nomatterwhat.

In2008,IwenttoLosAngeleswhereItriedtogethiredasanagent,ananalystandafinancialbroker.

Unfortunately,allthesedoorsslammedinmyface.Theworld,seconomywasinabadstate,soIknewɪwould

havetodaaIittIeSPiIIninROfm、own.

Youthinvolvesacertaininnocencebutalsoperseverance.Theword"can't"wasn,tinmyvocabulary.I

partneredwithafriendbuyingdistressedmultifamilypropertiesaroundHouston.Eventhoughwewere

enthusiasticandbackedwithstart-upsums,1didn'tmakeadealwork.Myfriendmovedontootherprojects.

Alone,Iputallmymoneyintothenextreal-estateproject.Iputthetimein,Idreamedit,butonceagainthedeal

fellthrough.Twomonthslater,though,thedealcamebackaround.Thatwaswhenthepathopened,luckchanged,

and1wasreadytoformmyowncompany.Ihaven,tlookedback.Onlyahead.

I,mnowabletogivebacktocommunitiesandcauses.Idonateabout$500,000ayear,muchofthatgoingto

researchtocurerarediseases.WealsosupportalotofservicesfordisadvantagedchildreninHoustonandother

places.

Ihavealwaysbeensomeonewhocanseethebigpictureandhaveneverbeendistractedbythingsthatgetin

theway.Therearelessonstobelearned,andthebiggestofthoseistokeepgoing.Youmayhavetochangethe

path,butalwayskeepthatvisioninfrontofyou.

36.Whichofthefollowingabouttheauthoristrue?

A.Hedonatedalotofmoneytoimprovehiscompany'simage.

B.Heoftenencountereddifficultiesintheprocessofgrowingup.

C.Hestartedhisowncompanytogetherwithafriend.

D.HechangedjobsseveraltimeswhileinLosAngeles.

37.Bysaying-d。aIittleSPinninROfmyown“inthesecondparagraph,theauthorprobablymeanshe

would.

A.lookforapart-timejobindependentlyB.makehiscontributionstotheeconomy

C.giveintothedisappointingrealityD.beself-employedtodevelophiscareer

38.Whichqualityoftheauthorisnotshowninthepassage?

A.Perseverance.B.Optimism.C.Innocence.D.Kindness.

39.Whichoneisprobablythebesttitleofthepassage?

A.SayingNoto"TurningBack"B.TipsforaSuccessfulBusiness

C.JumpingoverEconomicDownturnsD.ALife-timePursuitofDream

【答案】36.B37.D38.C39.A

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在成长过程中经常遇到困难，所以无论发生什么，都习

惯了勇往直前。

【36题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中“Igrewupaccustomedtorisksanddisappointments,soIwasusedtomoving

forward,nomaHerWhat.（我从小就习惯了冒险和失望，所以我习惯了勇往直前，无论发生什么）”可知，B

选项“他在成长过程中经常遇到困难”正确。故选B。

【37题详解】

词句猜测题。根据第二段中“In2008,IwenttoLosAngeleswhere1triedtogethiredasanagent,ananalyst

andafinancialbroker.Unfortunately,allthesedoorsslammedinmyface.（2008年，我去T洛杉矶，试图在那

里找到一份代理、分析师和金融经纪人的工作。不幸的是，这些门都在我面前关上了）”可知，当时世

界经济状况很糟糕，所以作者要自主创业来发展自己的事业。由此推知，划线部分意思是“自主创业来

发展自己的事业”。故选D。

【38题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段中uYouthinvolvesacertaininnocencebutalsoperseverance.Theword"can't"

WaSMtinmyVOCabUIary.（青春既有一定的天真，也有一定的毅力。我的字典里没有“不能”这个词）”以

及倒数第二段中'Tmnowabletogivebacktocommunitiesandcauses.Idonateabout$500,000ayear,much

ofthatgoingtoresearchtocurerarediseases.（我现在能够回馈社区和事业。我每年捐赠大约50万美元，其

中大部分用于治疗罕见疾病的研究）”可知，作者单纯的品质在文章中没有表现出来。故选C。

[39题详解】

主旨大意题。根据最后一段"Therearelessonstobelearned,andthebiggestofthoseistokeepgoing.Youmay

havetochangethepath,butalwayskeepthatvisioninfrontofyou.（我们要吸取教训,其中最大的教训就是

坚持下去。你可能不得不改变道路，但始终保持愿景在你面前）”结合文章主要讲述了作者在成长过程

中经常遇到困难，所以习惯了勇往直前，无论发生什么。由此可知，A选项“拒绝‘回头’"最符合文

章标题。故选A。

（B）

（上海市七宝中学2021-2022学年高三下学期3月考试）

WhenIwasgrowingup,myfamilykeptchickens.Wealwayshadaboutadozenofthematanygiventime

andwheneveronediedoff-takenawaybyhawkorfoxorbysomeobscurechickenillness-myfatherwould

replacethelosthen.

He,ddrivetoanearbypoultryfarmandreturnwithanewchickeninasack.Thethingis,youmustbevery

carefulwhenintroducinganewchickentothegeneralflock.Youcan,tjusttossitintherewiththeoldchickens,

ortheywillseeitasaninvader.Whatyoumustdoinsteadistoslipthenewbirdintothechickencoopinthe

middleofthenightwhiletheothersareasleep.Placeheronaroostbesidethefl。Ckandtiptoeaway.Inthe

morning,whenthechickenswakeup,theydon,tnoticethenewcomer,thinkingonly,ςςShemusthavebeenhere

allthetimesinceIdidn,tseeherarrive."Theclincherofitis,awakingwithinthisflock,thenewcomerherself

doesn,tevenrememberthatshe,sanewcomer,thinkingOnIyjlmusthavebeenherethewholetime...”

MyarrivalinIndiadoeslikewise.

MyplanelandsinMumbaiaround1:30AM.ItisDecember30.Ifindmyluggage,thenfindthetaxithat

willtakemehoursandhoursoutofthecitytotheAshram,locatedinaremoteruralvillage.Idozeonthedrive

throughnighttimeIndia,sometimeswakingtolookoutthewindow,whereIcanseestrangehauntedshapesof

thinwomeninsariswalkingalongsidetheroadwithbundlesoffirewoodontheirheads.Atthishour?Buseswith

noheadlightspassus,andWepassoxcarts.Thebanyantreesspreadtheirelegantrootsthroughouttheditches.

36.What,sthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?

A.Totellreadersherfamilybackground.B.Toworkupreader,sappetiteforthetext

C.TointroducethefollowingparagraphsD.Tomakeasummaιyofherchildhood.

37.WhendidthewriterprobablyarriveinIndia?

A.8:00PM.B.1:00AM.C.7:00A.M.D.3:00P.M.

38.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinthesecondparagraphmean?

A.shelterB.groupC.farmD.chicken

39.WhichofthefollowingstatementisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Thewritertakesanapinthetaxi.B.Thewriterknowshowtoraisechickens.

C.Indianwomenworkontheirown.D.DailylifeinIndiasurprisesthewriter.

136~39题答案】

【答案】36.C37.B38.B39.A

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，作者用自家如何帮助新鸡融入鸡群的故事，叙述了自己如何像

小鸡一样在夜晚融入印度。

[36题详解】

推理判断题。由第一段“WhenIwasgrowingup,myfamilykeptchickens.Wealwayshadaboutadozenofthem

atanygiventimeandwheneveronediedoff-takenawaybyhawkorfoxorbysomeobscurechicken

illness—myfatherwoUldrePIaCelheloSthen.（在我成长的过程中，我家养鸡。在任何特定的时间，我们总

是有十儿只母鸡,每当有一只被鹰或狐狸或某种不明原因的鸡病夺走,我父亲就会替换掉这只没了的鸡）”

可知，第一段讲“作者家会替换没了的那只鸡“，正好引出第二段“作者家会带回一只小鸡，并如何帮助

新鸡融入鸡群的故事”，可得出第一段的作用是引出其他段落。故选C项。

[37题详解】

细节理解题。由第四段中的“MyplanelandsinMumbaiaround1:30AM.（我的飞机在凌晨1:30左右降落在

孟买）“可知，作者可能是1:0OAM左右到达印度的。故选B项。

[38题详解】

词句猜测题。由第二段中的“Youcan'tjusttossitintherewiththeoldchickens,ortheywillseeitasaninvader.

Whatyoumustdoinsteadistoslipthenewbirdintothechickencoopinthemiddleofthenightwhiletheothers

areasleep.Placeheronaroostbesidetheflockandtiptoeaway.(你不能把它和老鸡一起扔进去，否则它们

会把它当成入侵者。你必须做的是把新鸡在半夜里放进鸡笼里，当其它鸡睡着了时。把它放在flock旁

边的栖息处，踮起脚尖走开)“可知，本段讲如何帮助新鸡融入鸡群，那就是当其它鸡睡着了时把新鸡在

半夜里放进鸡笼里，鸡笼里有好多鸡，可得出把新鸡放在鸡群旁边的栖息处，flock在此处意为“鸡群

(group)故选B项。

【39题详解】

细节理解题。由最后一段中的"thenfindthetaxithatwilltakemehoursandhoursoutofthecitytotheAshram,

locatedinaremoteruralvillage.IdozeonthedrivethroughnighttimeIndia,sometimeswakingtolookoutthe

WindOW(然后找到了一辆出租车，这辆出租车将带我离开城市数小时，前往位于偏远乡村的AShram。我

在驱车穿越印度的夜间路上打瞌睡，有时醒来向窗外望去)”可知，“作者在出租车上小睡了一会儿，，正确。

故选A项。

(C)

(上海市第三女子中学2021学年第二学期高三年级英语学科线上教学评估)

Aboutaquarteroftheworlddrivesontheleft,andthecountriesthatdosoaremostlyoldBritishcolonies

likeAustralia,andIreland.ButThailand,IndonesiaandJapanhavealsodevelopedthishabit.

Thisstrangequirkpuzzlestherestoftheworld;however,thereisaperfectlygoodreason.Uptothelate

1700s,everybodytravelledontheleftsideoftheroadbecauseitisthesensibleoptionforviolent,feudalsocieties

ofmostlyright-handedpeople.Soldierswiththeirswordsundertheirrightarmsnaturallypassedoneachother,s

right,andifyoupassedastrangerontheroad,youwalkedonthelefttoensurethatyourprotectiveswordarm

wasbetweenyouandhim.

RevolutionaryFrance,however,didawaywiththispracticeaspartofitssweepingsocialrethink,andthanks

toNapoleon,thischangewascarriedoutallovercontinentalEurope.Becausehewasleft-handed,hisarmieshad

tomarchontherightsohecouldkeephisswordarmbetweenhimandanyopponent.Fromthenon,anycountry

colonizedbytheFrenchtooktodrivingontheright.

AftertheAmericanRevolutionaryWar(1775—1783),theUSbecameindependentanddecidedtomake

trafficdriveontherightinordertocutallremaininglinkstoitsBritishcolonialpast.OnceAmericabecamethe

centerofthecarindustry,ifyouwantedagoodreliablevehicle,youboughtAmericanright-hand-drive.From

thenon,manycountrieschangedoutofnecessity.

Today,theEUwouldlikeBritaintofallintolinewiththerestofEurope,butthisisnolongerpossible.It

wouldcostbillionsofpoundstochangeeverythinground.ThelastEuropeancountrytoconverttodrivingonthe

rightwasSwedenin1967.Thisironicallycausedareductionincaraccidentsbecauseeveryonedrovecarefully

whilegettingusedtothenewsystem.

36.Whydidpeopletravelontheleftbeforethelate18lhcentury?

A.Theywererequiredtodoso.B.Theyweremostlyleft-landed.

C.Itwaseasiertocrossthestreet.D.Theycouldfeelsaferfromattacks.

37.WhatwasNapoleon,sattitudeaboutwalkingontheleft?

A.Support.B.Disapproval.C.Doubt.D.Indifference.

38.ForAmericans,drivingontherightwasawaytoshow.

A.theconnectionwithFrancewasbrokenB.theUSwasnolongerruledbytheUK

C.theAmericanRevolutionWarhadendedD.Americawasthecenterofthecarindustry

39.WhatisthemainreasonforUK'sresistancetotheEuropeansystem?

A.Itwouldcosttoomuchtochange.B.Itsincreasingtrafficaccidents.

C.Itsinfluenceoncolonies.D.Itsfast-developingcarindustry.

[36-39题答案】

【答案】36.D37.B38.B39.A

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述J'一些国家靠左侧行走的原因及部分国家后来改变这一传统的原因

和过程。

【36题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中“Uptothelate1700s,everybodytravelledontheleftsideoftheroadbecauseitis

thesensibleoptionforviolent,feudalsocietiesofmostlyright-handedpeople.Soldierswiththeirswordsunder

theirrightarmsnaturallypassedoneachother'sright,andifyoupassedastrangerontheroad,youwalkedonthe

lefttoensurethatyourprotectiveswordarmwasbetweenyouandhim.（直到18世纪晚期，每个人都在道路

的左侧行驶，因为在暴力的封建社会，这是一个明智的选择，大多数人都是右撇子。将剑夹在右胳膊下

的士兵自然会互相交叉，如果你在路上经过一个陌生人，你要走在左边，以确保你的保护性剑臂在你和

他之间）“可知，当时人们靠左侧走是因为感觉更安全，故选D。

【37题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段中“RevolutionaryFrance,however,didawaywiththispracticeaspartofitssweeping

socialrethink,andthankstoNapoleon,thischangewascarriedoutallovercontinentalEurope.Becausehewas

left-handed,hisarmieshadtomarchontherightsohecouldkeephisswordarmbetweenhimandanyopponent.

Fromthenon,anycountrycolonizedbytheFrenchtooktodrivingontherighl.（然而，大革命后的法国，作为

其全面社会反思的一部分，废除了这种做法，多亏了拿破仑，这种变化在整个欧洲大陆进行。因为他是

左撇子，他的军队必须向右行进，这样他就能保持他的剑臂与任何对手之间的距离。从那时起，任何被

法国殖民的国家都习惯了靠右行驶）”可推知，拿破仑推行向右行驶，他对靠左侧走是不赞成的，故选B。

【38题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段中“AftertheAmericanRevolutionaiyWar（1775—1783）,theUSbecame

independentanddecidedtomaketrafficdriveontherightinordertocutallremaininglinkstoitsBritishcolonial

PaSt.（美国独立战争（1775—1783）后，美国独立了，为了切断所有与英国殖民时期的联系，美国决定

让车辆靠右行驶）“可知，美国改变英国传统是想摆脱与英国的联系，表示不再受英国统治，故选B。

【39题详解】

细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Today,IheEUwouldlikeBritaintofallintolinewiththerestofEurope,butthis

isnolongerpossible.Itwouldcostbillionsofpoundstochangeeverythinground.（如今，欧盟希望英国与欧洲

其他国家保持一致，但这己不再可能。改变一切将花费数十亿英镑）“可知，英国没有采用右侧走是因为

花费太高，故选A。

刷真题

（A）

（2021年上海高考）

ASwedishProfessoratNaturalHistorycameouttothefarmtoaskmeforhelp.HehadcometoAfricato

findoutatwhatstageoftheembryo（月台）statethefootofthemonkeysbeginstodifferfromthehumanfoot.

ForthispurposehemeanttogoandshootColobusmonkeysonMountElgon.

“YouwillneverfindoutfromtheColobusmonkeys,"Isaidtohim,"theyliveinthetopsofthetreesand

areshyanddifficulttoshoot.Itwouldbethegreatestluckshouldyougettheembryoyouwant.”

TheProfessorwashopeful.Hewasgoingtostayouttillhehadgothisfoot,hesaid,evenifitwasbefore

years.HehadappliedtotheGameDepartmentforpermissiontoshootthemonkeyshewanted.Thepermission

hewas,inviewofthehighscientificobjectofhisresearch,certaintoget,butsofar,hehadhadnoreply.

“"HowmanymonkeyshaveyouaskedtobeallowedtoShoOt?”Iaskedhim.

Hetoldmethathehad,tobeginwith,askedforpermissiontoshootfifteenhundredmonkeys.

NowIknewthepeopleattheGameDepartment,andIassistedhimtosendinasecondletteraskingfora

replybyreturnofpost,sincetheProfessorwaskeentogetoffonhisresearch.TheanswerfromtheGame

Departmentdid,foronce,comebyreturnofpost.TheGameDepartment,theywrote,werepleasedtoinform

ProfessorLand-greenthat,inviewofthescientificobjectofhisresearch.theyhadseentheirwaytomakean

exceptionfromtherules,andtoraisethenumberofmonkeysonhislicensefromfourtosix.

IhadtoreadtheletterovertwicetotheProfessor.Whenthecontentsatlastwerecleartohim,hebecame

sodeadlyshockedandhurt,thathedidnotsayasingleword.Tomyexpressionsofsympathyhemadnoreply,

butwalkedoutofthehouse,gotintohiscarandroveawaysadly.

56.By“itwouldbethegreatestluckshouldyougettheembryoyouwanf,,theauthorimplies

that.

A.itwasnoeasyjobtogetColobusmonkeys

B.therewereveryfewColobusmonkeysinAfrica

C.hewishedtheProfessorgoodluckindoingtheresearch

D.theProfessorwassuretoobtaintheembryodespitethedifficulties

57.WhatcanbelearnedabouttheGameDepartmentfromthepassage?

A.ItfundedtheProfessor'sscientificresearch.

B.ItallowedtheProfessortoshootonlysixmonkeys

C.Itwassetuptohelpresearcherstofindwildanimals

D.ItmaderulesaboutwheretoshootColobusmonkeys

58.WhydidtheProfessorsaynothingaftertheauthorreadthelettertohim?

A.TheProfessorfoundhisresearchwasmeaningless.

B.TheProfessorrealizedhiscrueltyinshootingmonkeys.

C.TheProfessorcouldn'tcarryouthisresearchasexpected

D.TheProfessorfeltsorryforbringingtroubletotheauthor

59.Whichofthefollowingiscoveredinthepassage?

A.ThescarcityofColobusmonkeys.

B.ThechangeoftheProfessor'smood

C.TheoriginoftheGameDepartment.

D.Thesignificanceofanimalprotection.

【答案】56-59ABCB

【解析】

56.A［解析］“ltwouldbethegreatestluckshouldyougettheembryoyouWant”的思是“如果你想得到它的胚

胎，那将是极大的运气”，根据第三段的“TheProfessorwashopeful,hewasgoingtostayouttillhehadgot

hisfoot,hesaid,evenifitwastobeforyears.（教授满怀希望，他打算一直等到猴子的足迹，即使这会耗费

数年的时间）“可以推知得到流猴极其困难，A（要得到流猴可不是件容易的事）正确;B（非洲的犹猴很少）、

C（他祝教授在研究中好运）、D（尽管困难重重，教授还是有把握获得胚胎）都说法错误，故选Ao

57.B［解析］根据倒数第二段的TheanswerfromtheGameDepartmentdid,forebyreturnofpost.

TheGameDepartment,theywrote,werepleasedtoinformProfessorLandgreenthat,inviewofthescientific

objectofhisexpedition,theyhadseentheirwaytomakeanexceptionfromtheirrules,andtoraisethenumber

ofmonkeysonhislicensefromfourtosix可知游猎局确实通过邮寄方式进行了回复信中写道他们很开心

地通知教授，由于他的科学目的，他们决定为他违反自己的规定，并决定将允许猎杀的流猴数量从4只

上升到6只。A（它资助了教授的科学研究）、C（它的建立是为了帮助研究人员找到野生动物）、D（它规定

了射杀疵猴的地点）说法错误，B（它只允许教授射杀六只猴子）正确，故选Bo

58.C［解析］根据最后一段的内容可知作者把信读了两次。当教授最终对内容很清晰了后，他变得很沮丧，

感觉受到了致命的打击和伤害，他一句话也没说。作者安慰他他也没说话，他走出房子，进了自己的车

伤心地开车走了。说明教授医为无法完成自己想做的研究而感到难过。A（教授发现他的研究毫无意义）、

B（教授意识到他射杀猴子的残忍）、D（教授为给作者带来麻烦感到抱歉）都说法错误，C（教授不能按照预

期进行他的研究）正确，故选Co

59.B［解析］根据第三段的“TheProfessorwashopeftd（教授满怀希望）''以及最后一段的“Tomyexpressions