机械类常用英语

机械类常用英语引言随着全球化的推进，机械类行业在国际间的交流与合作越来越频繁。掌握常用的机械类英语词汇和短语，对于从事机械类行业的专业人士来说至关重要。本文将介绍机械类常用英语，助您更好地与国际同行进行沟通和合作。一、机械设计和工程1.1机械设计常用词汇Machine（机器）:Adevicethatusespowertoapplyforcesandcontrolmovementtoperformatask.Mechanism（机构）:Asystemofmovingpartsthatworktogethertoachieveacertnfunction.Component（零件）:Apartorelementthatmakesupalargermechanicalsystem.Assembly（装配）:Theprocessofputtingtogethercomponentstoformacompletemachine.Drafting（制图）:Theactofcreatingtechnicaldrawingstocommunicatedesignspecifications.Tolerance（公差）:Theallowablevariationinmeasurementsordimensionsofacomponentorassembly.CAD（Computer-dedDesign，计算机辅助设计）:Theuseofcomputersoftwaretocreateandmodifydesigns.1.2机械工程常用短语Structuralanalysis（结构分析）:Thestudyofthebehaviorandperformanceofstructuresunderdifferentloadsandconditions.Materialselection（材料选择）:Theprocessofchoosingthemostsuitablematerialsforagivenapplication.Finiteelementanalysis（有限元分析）:Anumericalmethodusedtoanalyzethebehaviorofcomplexstructures.Flureanalysis（失效分析）:Theinvestigationofthecausesofmechanicalfluresandthedevelopmentofsolutionstopreventfutureflures.Performanceoptimization（性能优化）:Theprocessofimprovingtheefficiencyandeffectivenessofamechanicalsystem.Prototyping（原型制作）:Thecreationofaphysicalmodelorrepresentationofadesignfortestingandevaluation.Qualitycontrol（质量控制）:Theprocessofensuringthatproductsmeetspecifiedqualitystandards.Safetyregulations（安全规定）:Thelawsandregulationsthatgoverntheuseandoperationofmachinerytoensuresafety.二、机械制造和加工2.1机械制造常用词汇Manufacturing（制造）:Theprocessofconvertingrawmaterialsintofinishedproductsthroughvariousoperations.Machining（机械加工）:Theprocessofshapingaworkpiecebyremovingmaterialusingtoolssuchaslathes,millingmachines,anddrills.Casting（铸造）:Theprocessofpouringmoltenmetalorliquidmaterialintoamoldtocreateasolidobject.Welding（焊接）:Theprocessofjoiningtwoormorepiecesofmetalbyheatingthemtotheirmeltingpointandallowingthemtocoolandfusetogether.Grinding（磨削）:Theprocessofremovingmaterialfromaworkpieceusinganabrasivewheelorbelt.CNC（ComputerNumericalControl，数控）:Theuseofcomputer-dedcontrolsystemstooperateandcontrolmachinetools.Tooling（工装）:Thespecializedtoolsandequipmentusedinmanufacturingprocesses.Automation（自动化）:Theuseofmachinesorcomputersystemstoperformtaskswithouthumanintervention.2.2机械加工常用短语Cuttingspeed（切削速度）:Thespeedatwhichacuttingtoolmovesthroughaworkpieceduringmachining.Feedrate（进给速度）:Therateatwhichthecuttingtooladvancesintotheworkpieceduringmachining.Depthofcut（切削深度）:Thedistancebetweenthecuttingtoolandthesurfaceoftheworkpieceduringmachining.Surfacefinish（表面光洁度）:Thequalityandsmoothnessofamachinedsurface.Chipremoval（切屑排出）:Theprocessofremovingchipsorwastematerialgeneratedduringmachining.Toollife（刀具寿命）:Thelengthoftimeacuttingtoolcanbeusedbeforeitbecomesdullandneedstobereplaced.Heattreatment（热处理）:Theprocessofheatingandcoolingamaterialtoalteritspropertiesandimproveitsperformance.Dimensionalaccuracy（尺寸精度）:Thedegreetowhichamachinedpartconformstoitsspecifieddimensions.三、机械维护和保养3.1机械维护常用词汇Mntenance（维护）:Theprocessofkeepingequipmentingoodworkingconditiontoensurereliabilityandpreventbreakdowns.Lubrication（润滑）:Theapplicationofalubricanttoreducefrictionandwearbetweenmovingparts.Inspection（检查）:Thesystematicexaminationofequipmenttodetectandcorrectanydefectsorproblems.Troubleshooting（故障排除）:Theprocessofidentifyingandresolvingproblemsormalfunctionsinmechanicalsystems.Preventivemntenance（预防性维护）:Thescheduledmntenanceactivitiesperformedtopreventequipmentflureandprolongitslifespan.Breakdownmntenance（故障维修）:Therepractivitiesperformedinresponsetounexpectedequipmentflures.3.2机械保养常用短语Routinemntenance（定期保养）:Theregularinspection,cleaning,andadjustmentofequipmenttoensureitsefficientoperation.Lubricationschedule（润滑计划）:Thepredeterminedintervalsatwhichlubricationshouldbeappliedtoequipment.Replacementparts（更换零件）:Thecomponentsorpartsthatneedtobereplacedduringmntenanceandrepr.Calibration（校准）:Theprocessofadjustingorsettingequipmenttoensureaccuracyandreliability.Equipmentdowntime（设备停机时间）:Theperiodoftimeduringwhichequipmentisnotoperationalduetomnt