四川省成都市新都区高三上学期摸底测试英语试题

新都区2021届高三毕业班摸底测试英语试题本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。第Ⅰ卷（选择题）1至8，第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）9至10页，全卷共10页；满分150分，考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1.答题前，务必将姓名、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡规定的位置上，并将考生条形码粘贴在规定的位置上。2.答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。3.答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米黑色墨迹签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上。4.所有题目必须在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上答题无效。5.考试结束后，只将答题卡交回。第Ⅰ卷（100分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.SendmailtoSally.B.ContactMary.C.GetMary’saddress.2.HowlongwillittakethewomantoreachBeijingbytrain?A.5hours.B.7hours.C.10hours.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Anewdress.B.Theweather.C.Arecentevent.4.Whatcanwelearnabouttheman’snewroommate?A.Hereallylikespotatoes.B.HeisfondofwatchingTV.C.Heseldomvisitshisparents.5.Whatisthemanlookingfor?A.Gloves.B.Bustickets.C.Apen.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6至7题。6.WhenwillMr.Millerpickupthespeakers?A.At9:00am.B.At2:00pm.C.At5:00pm.7Wherewillthespeakersbeat6:00pm?A.Inthehotel.B.Onthebananafarm.C.Inthebutterflypark.听下面一段对话，回答第8至10题。8.Whoisthewoman?A.Anarchitect.B.AposerC.Agalleryworker.9.Howdidthemanknowaboutthegallery?A.Fromhisfriend.B.Fromawebsite.C.Fromamagazine.10.Whatdoesthemanthinkoftheexhibition?A.Hedidn’tlikeitatall.B.Helikedthevideoalot.C.Hefoundthepaintingsgreat.听下面一段对话，回答第11至13题。11WhatwillthewomandoonSaturday?A.Seeafilm.B.Dothehousework.C.Visitherparents.12.Whendidtheman’sfamilymovetotheUS?A.Beforehewasborn.B.Whenhewasayoungchild.C.Whenhewasateenager.13.WhatdoweknowaboutboysinIndianfamilies?A.Theydon’thelpwiththehousework.B.They’reexpectedtoworkatanearlyage.C.Theymusttakecareoftheirsisters.听下面一段对话，回答第14至16题。14.WheredoesDr.Gucciwork?A.InParis.B.InLondon.C.InBergamo.15.WhenwillMr.Wilkinsonleavefortheairport?A.Atabout6:30am.B.Atabout5:30am.C.Atabout4:15am.16.WithwhomwillMr.WilkinsonhavelunchonMonday?A.Gavin.B.GianniRiva.C.Mr.Brown.17.WhatisLindamostprobably?A.Asecretary.B.AtourguideC.Asaleswoman.听下面一段独白，回答第17至20题。18.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Theoriginofadvertising.B.Theprosperityofadvertising.C.Theimportanceofadvertising.19.What’sthefinancialsourceofthemassmedia?A.Advertisements.B.Theprivatebusinesses.C.Thelocalgovernments.20.Whatdoesthespeakertalkaboutattheendofthepassage?A.Waysofadvertising.B.Thepopularityofadvertisements.C.People’sopinionsonadvertising.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ABrisbaneisanexcitingcity,votedasoneofthemostliveablecitiesinAustralia.Itsfinefoodwillmakeyouhatetoleave.Herearefourfamousrestaurants.KingsleySteakCrabHouseLocatedonthewaterfrontoftheBrisbaneRiverwithviewsoftheStoryBridge,KingsleysSteak&CrabHousesuppliesaninparableidealsettingforlunchordinner.Withimpressiveviewsandabinationofbothindoorandoutdoorseating,itattractsalotoftouriststohaveauniquediningexperiencehere.Italsooffersfreshseafood,includingRatesperperson:$35MoomooTheWineBarMooMooTheWineBarisanawardwinningchainoflakesidediningsites.Originally,itwasfoundedin2005byStevenAdams,awellknownchef.MooMoohassinceclaimedmanyawards,includingQueensland’sBestSteakRestaurant2008,GoldRiversideRestaurantoftheYear2007,andGoldCoast’sBestSteakRestaurant.Ratesperperson:$40$45JellyfishRestaurantThebeautifulviewsovertheBrisbaneRatesperperson:$30$45TibetiankitchenForafinediningexperienceinBrisbane,itishardtogopastTibetianKitchenfoundedbytheawardwinningwellknownchefMattMoran.WithabeautifulsettingonthebankoftheBrisbaneriver,TibetianKitchenisallaboutbeautifullypresenteddisheswhichlooklikepiecesofperfectartwork.ThisiswhatTibetianKitchendiffersfromotherrestaurantsabove.Ratesperperson:$35$451.WhatcanwelearnaboutMooMooTheWineBar?A.Itispetitiveinprice. B.Itisfamousforitssteak.C.Ithasafavorablelocation. D.Ithasahistoryofabouttenyears.2.Whichwillyouchooseifyouintendtolearnsomecookingskills?A.KingsleysSteakCrabHouse B.MooMooTheWineBarC.JellyfishRestaurant D.TibetianKitchen3.HowisTibetianKitchendifferentfromotherrestaurantsmentionedinthetext?A.Itsenvironmentiselegant. B.Itsfoodratesaremuchlower.C.Itschefshavewonmanyawards. D.Itsfoodpresentationisratherpleasing.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】这是一篇应用文。布里斯班是一个向往的城市，被选为澳大利亚最适宜居住的城市之一。那里的美食会让你舍不得离开。文章主要介绍了这里四家著名的餐馆。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据MoomooTheWineBar部分中MooMoohassinceclaimedmanyawards,includingQueensland’sBestSteakRestaurant2008,GoldRiversideRestaurantoftheYear2007,andGoldCoast’sBestSteakRestaurant.可知MooMoo已经获得了许多奖项，包括昆士兰2008年最佳牛排餐厅，2007年黄金河畔餐厅，和黄金海岸最佳牛排餐厅。由此可知，MooMooTheWineBar的牛排很有名。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据JellyfishRestaurant部分中Itsaimistosourceandservefishesof8speciesdaily,tolearnandunderstandthetextureandqualitiesofeachspeciesandremendthebestwaytocooktoitscustomersandserveforthefineexperience.可知其目标是每天收集和供应8种鱼类，学习和了解每种鱼类的质地和品质，并向顾客推荐最佳的烹饪方法和服务，以获得良好的体验。由此可知，如果你想学习一些烹饪技巧，你可以选择JellyfishRestaurant。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Tibetiankitchen部分中WithabeautifulsettingonthebankoftheBrisbaneriver,TibetianKitchenisallaboutbeautifullypresenteddisheswhichlooklikepiecesofperfectartwork.ThisiswhatTibetianKitchendiffersfromotherrestaurantsabove.可知在布里斯班河岸边的一个美丽的位置，Tibetian厨房呈现的菜肴都是精美的，看起来像一件件完美的艺术品。这就是TibetianKitchen与上述其他餐厅的不同之处。由此可知，TibetianKitchen与文中提到的其他餐厅的不同之处在于它的食物呈现的方式相当令人满意。故选D。BAstarathleteatthecollegewhereIworkrecentlystoppedbymyoffice.Aftermittingafewunforcederrorsduringaweekendmatch,shesufferedseverelybyselfcriticism.Thisstudent,likemanyIteach,stronglybelievessheshouldbeabletocontroltheoutesofherlifebyvirtueofherhardwork.Inhermind,“Nothingcanstopmebutmyself”.Sowhenthesestudentsfallshortofwhattheyimaginetheyshouldacplish,theyarefilledwithselfblame,reasoning,“Ifmyacplishmentsareminetocontrol,myfailuresmustbeentirelymyfaults,too”,whichmakesitextremelydifficultforthemtomoveon.Weoftenoweyoungadultsstrugglingwithfailuretotheirparents’overprotectionofthemfromdisfort.Butthereisanotherfactoratplay:amessagetransmittedbyindulging(纵容的)parentswhohavefalselypromisedthemthattheycanachieveanythingiftheyarewillingtoworkforit.However,thecruelrealityoflifeisthatyoucandoeverythinginyourpower—andstillfail.Thenwhatshouldbedonetohelp?PsychologistsLutharandKumarurgeparentsandteacherstospendtimehelpingstudentsfindpurpose,orgoalstheygenuinelylovetopursueandthatmakeanimpactontheworld,whichmayhelpthemgaingreaterlifesatisfactionandbeemorepsychologicallymature.Besides,insteadofallowingourkidstobeatthemselvesupwhenthingsdon’tgotheirway,wemightallquestionaculturewhereoneisconsideredlazywithoutfulldevotion.Thepointistoremindthemthatlifehasawayofsuckerpunching(出其不意)uswhenweleastexpectit.It’softenthepeoplewholearntosay“stuffhappens”whogetupthefastest.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“byvirtueof”inparagraph2mean?A.inadditionto B.inspiteof C.bymeansof D.forfearof5.Theauthorbelievesthatyoungadultsfindithardtostrugglewithfailurebecause__________.A.theyarenottaughthowtodealwithdifficultiesB.theyareshortoftheabilitytohandlefailureC.theyareundertheprotectionoftheirparentsD.theyaremisledbytheirparents’falsemessage6.WhatdidpsychologistsLutharandKumarurgeparentsandteacherstodo?A.Toteachstudentshowtoavoidfaults.B.Toleadstudentstosettheirtrulylovedgoals.C.Tohelpstudentstodiscoverapathtosuccess.D.Toallowkidstoblamethemselves.7.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Studentsdon’tcareaboutfailureatall.B.Studentsaresuretosucceediftheytrytheirbest.C.Studentsshouldbearallthefailuresontheirown.D.Studentswithpositiveattitudescanmoveonmoreeasily.【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章阐述了很多学生因为一些失败而自我批评，但现在年轻人很难与失败作斗争是因为其父母对他们的过度保护。心理学家认为老师和家长应该帮助他们找到自身的目标，对世界造成影响，这样可以提高他们生活的满意度并使得他们心理上变得更成熟。【4题详解】词义猜测题。第二段第2句提到“Inhermind,“Nothingcanstopmebutmyself”.”这名学生认为没有什么能够阻止自己除了她自己之外。换句话说，这名学生觉得自己可以通过自己的努力掌握自己的结果。由此推知，划线词组byvirtueof意为“通过”。A.inadditionto除……之外；B.inspiteof尽管，不顾；C.bymeansof通过；D.forfearof以免，以防。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。第三段第1、2句提到“Weoftenoweyoungadultsstrugglingwithfailuretotheirparents’overprotectionofthemfromdisfort.Butthereisanotherfactoratplay:amessagetransmittedbyindulging(纵容的)parentswhohavefalselypromisedthemthattheycanachieveanythingiftheyarewillingtoworkforit.”通常情况下我们把年轻人和失败作斗争归因为父母对他们的过度保护，更主要的原因是因为父母的纵容让年轻人以为只要愿意为之奋斗就能取得成就。由此可知，现在的年轻人很难与失败作斗争，因为他们被父母的错误信息误导了。故选D。【6题详解】细节理解题。第四段第一句提到“PsychologistsLutharandKumarurgeparentsandteacherstospendtimehelpingstudentsfindpurpose,orgoalstheygenuinelylovetopursueandthatmakeanimpactontheworld,whichmayhelpthemgaingreaterlifesatisfactionandbeemorepsychologicallymature.”心理学家提出家长和老师可以帮助学生找到自己的目的，或者他们想要追求的目标，这样可以帮助他们提高生活的满意度，使得他们心理上变得更加成熟。由此可知，心理学家建议要指引学生设置他们真正热爱的目标。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。第一段第二句提到“Aftermittingafewunforcederrorsduringaweekendmatch,shesufferedseverelybyselfcriticism.”当她在周末的比赛中犯了错误后，她进行了严格的自我批评，故A项错误。第三段第二句提到“Butthereisanotherfactoratplay:amessagetransmittedbyindulging(纵容的)parentswhohavefalselypromisedthemthattheycanachieveanythingiftheyarewillingtoworkforit.”纵容的父母给孩子错误的信息是只要努力就能成功，而事实并不如此，故B项错误。最后一段心理学家提到老师和家长要帮助学生们找到自己的目标，说明学生不能只靠自己的努力承受所有的失败，故C项错误。最后一段最后一句提到“It’softenthepeoplewholearntosay“stuffhappens”whogetupthefastest.”那些说着“事情就是这样”的人能够更快的站起来，说明心态更好的人能恢复的更快，D项符合文意，故选D。【点睛】依据逻辑推理猜测词义：运用逻辑推理猜测词义是使用最广考查最多也最易失分的猜词方式。要求考生具备整合分散、复杂信息的能力，充分利用上下文中相关的词汇并结合具体的语境，从形式和内容上把握语言之间的内在联系，理顺语言之间的逻辑关系，进而达到猜词的目的。在第1小题中，可以根据该划线词所在的上下文语境来推测其意义。第二段第2句提到“Inhermind,“Nothingcanstopmebutmyself”.”这名学生认为没有什么能够阻止自己除了她自己之外。换句话说，这名学生觉得自己可以通过自己的努力掌握自己的结果。由此推知，划线词组byvirtueof意为“通过”。A.inadditionto除……之外；B.inspiteof尽管，不顾；C.bymeansof通过；D.forfearof以免，以防。故选C。CNewYorkGovernorAndrewCuomohassignedanorderallowingonlinemarriages,asmanyweddingsarecancelledunderlockdownrestrictions.Fromnowon,peopleintheUSstatewillbeabletoapplyformarriagelicencesremotelyandclerksallowedtoconductceremoniesonlineMrCuomojokedthatthedecisionmeanttherewasnow“noexcuse”forcouplesnottotietheknot.“YoucandoitbyZoom.Yesorno?”hesaidinhisbriefingonSaturday.ThedecisionesafterNewYorkstateextendedlockdownmeasuresuntilMay15.Morethan13,000peoplehavediedofcoronavirusinNewYorkcityalone.Socialmediareactiontothedecisionwasmixed.Somequestionedwhycoupleswouldchoosetoholdweddingswhentheirfamiliesandfriendsareunabletojointhem,orcriticisedthegovernorfornotprioritisingotherdecisions.Butotherspointedoutthatduringapandemic(流行病),marriagecouldofferpracticalbenefits,suchasallowingcouplestosharehealthinsurancecoverage.NewYorkisn’tthefirstplacetoturntotheinternettoofferalegalsolution.TheUnitedArabEmirates(UAE)recentlyannouncedthatcitizensandresidentswouldbeallowedtogetmarriedonline,afterthejusticeministrycreatedawebsiteforcouplestosubmitrequireddocuments.Avirtualceremony,pletewitharegistrarandwitnesses,canthentakeplace.SimilarmeasureshavebeenintroducedintheUSstateofColorado,wherecouplesarebeingallowedtoapplyformarriagelicencesonline.Meanwhile,onecountyinOhioisallowingpeopletoobtainmarriagelicencesonlineinlimitedcircumstances,suchaswhenoneofthepartnersisahealthcareworker,suffersfromaseriousillnessorhashealthinsuranceissues.8.WhywasanorderallowingonlinemarriagesignedbyNewYorkgovernor?A.Becausepeoplepreferredtoapplyformarriagelicenseonline.B.Becauseunderlockdownrestrictions,manyweddingscan’tbeheld.C.Becausetherewasnoexcuseforcouplesnottogetmarried.D.Becauseitwasnewfashiontoconductweddingceremoniesvirtually.9.Whatissocialmediareactiontothedecision?A.Allpeopleareinfavorofthedecision.B.Nooneexceptyoungpeoplelikesthedecision.C.Notallpeopleareforthedecision.D.Allpeopleareagainstthedecision.10.WhichstateintheUShasintroducedsimilarmeasuresasNewYork?A.California. B.Ohio. C.Florida. D.Colorado.11.Whichstatementiswrongaccordingtothepassage?A.InNewYorkallpeoplecanapplyformarriagelicensesonline.B.InColoradoallpeoplecanapplyformarriagelicensesonline.C.InOhioallpeoplecanapplyformarriagelicensesonline.D.InNewYorkstatepeoplehavetostayhomeuntilMay15.【答案】8.B9.C10.D11.C【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文主要叙述了，美国许多婚礼都因为疫情封城隔离而取消。纽约州州长安德鲁·科莫发布了一项行政令，允许纽约居民远程获得结婚证。也有其他城市和地区发布类似措施，社会媒体对此褒贬不一。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据本文第一段“NewYorkGovernorAndrewCuomohassignedanorderallowingonlinemarriages,asmanyweddingsarecancelledunderlockdownrestrictions.(纽约州州长安德鲁·科莫签署了一项允许网上结婚的政令，因为许多婚礼由于封城隔离而取消)”可知，因为疫情期间封城，所以很多现场婚礼不得不取消了。因此，纽约州长签署了允许网上结婚的命令是因为B项“Becauseunderlockdownrestrictions,manyweddingscan’tbeheld.(因为在封城隔离的情况下，很多婚礼都不能举行。)”符合题意。故选B项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段“Socialmediareactiontothedecisionwasmixed.Somequestionedwhycoupleswouldchoosetoholdweddingswhentheirfamiliesandfriendsareunabletojointhem,orcriticisedthegovernorfornotprioritisingotherdecisions.(社交媒体对这一决定反应不一，一些人质疑，为什么夫妇会选择在家人和朋友无法参加的情况下举行婚礼，或者批评州长没有优先考虑其他决定。)”可知，社会媒体对于纽约州州长安德鲁·科莫签署了一项允许网上结婚的命令，反应不一，甚至有人提出一些质疑。因此，社会媒体对这个决定的反应是C项“Notallpeopleareforthedecision.(不是所有的人都支持这个决定)”符合题意。故选C项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据本文第五段“SimilarmeasureshavebeenintroducedintheUSstateofColorado,wherecouplesarebeingallowedtoapplyformarriagelicencesonline.(美国科罗拉多州也出台了类似的措施，允许夫妇在网上申请结婚证)”可知，科罗拉多州也出台了类似的措施，允许夫妇在网上申请结婚证。因此，D项“Colorado(科罗拉多州)”出台了与纽约类似的措施”符合题意。故选D项。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据本文最后一段“Meanwhile,onecountyinOhioisallowingpeopletoobtainmarriagelicencesonlineinlimitedcircumstances,suchaswhenoneofthepartnersisahealthcareworker,suffersfromaseriousillnessorhashealthinsuranceissues(与此同时，俄亥俄州的一个县，允许人们在有限的情况下可以通过网络获得结婚证，比如伴侣中的一方是医疗工作者、患有重病或有健康保险问题)”可知，在俄亥俄州的一个郡，人们在一些特殊情况，比如伴侣中的一方是医疗工作者、患有重病或有健康保险问题的情况下，可以通过网络获结婚证。因此，根据本文C项“InOhioallpeoplecanapplyformarriagelicensesonline(在俄亥俄州，所有人都可以在网上申请结婚证)”是错误的，符合题意，故选C项。DShinrinyokumeans“forestbathing”.Forestbathingdoesn’tmeanyoutakebathintheforest;rather,yousimplygoforawalkinthewoodsoracitypark,whereyouslackenbyusingallyoursensestoexperiencenature.YoshifumiMiyazaki,fromChibaUniversity,isamongagrowingnumberofscientistswhohavebegunstudyingthesciencebehindtheeffectsofnatureonhumanhealth.InhisbookShinrinyoku:TheJapaneseArtofForestBathing,Miyazakihasaninterestingtheoryaboutwhyshinrinyokuissoeffective.Hepointsoutthatformorethan99.99%ofthetime,humanshavelivedinanaturalenvironment.Infact,in1800,only3%oftheworld’spopulationlivedincities,andby2019,thisfigurereached54%.Thisisonlygoingtogetworse;officialspredictthatby2050,66%willliveincities.Thissuggestsweliveinourmodernsocietywithbodiesthatarestillusedtothenaturalenvironment,hewritesinthebook,because“genescannotchangeoverjustafewhundredyears”.Thesciencebehindtheresearchstudieshepresentsinthebookmakesaconvincingcasethatforestbathingisaneffectivemethodforreducingstressintoday’sworld.Nowcityplannersarebeingincreasinglyawareoftheimportanceofnatureandarecreatingnewkindsof“parks”outofemptyspaces.There’realsomorecitygardenswherepeoplecangrowvegetables.Forkids,kitchengardensinschoolsarebeingpopular.AsMiyazakistresses,youdon’thavetofindaformalparkorgardentopracticeshinrinyoku.Instead,youcanenjoytheeffectsofnaturewhereverthere’replants.Betteryet,hesays,wecanbringnatureclosertowherewespendmostofourtime.Miyazaki’sresearchhasshownthatjustincreasingtheamountofplantsinaroomcanaffecttherelaxationbenefitsoftheroom.What’smore,evenwhenpeoplesimplylookatflowers,theirbodiesrelaxandstresslevelsdecrease.12.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordinParagraphmean?A.Behave. B.Entertain. C.Predict. D.Relax.13.Howdoestheauthormainlydevelopthethirdparagraph?A.Bygivingexamples. B.Bylistingfigures.C.Bymakingremarks. D.Bypresentingresearchfindings.14.WhydoesforestbathingworkeffectivelyaccordingtoMiyazaki?A.Humangenescanchangeeasily. B.Natureispartofthemodernsociety.C.Humanbodiesareaccustomedtonature. D.Peoplecanalwayscalmdowninnature.15.WhichofthefollowingwillMiyazakiagreeonforestbathing?A.Itiseasytooperate. B.Itismeantforgardeners.C.Itisunaffordableinthecity. D.Itisinconvenienttopractice.【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了日本一位科学家提出一种名为Shinrinyoku的“森林浴”活动，因为增加与自然的接触对人的身心健康是有利的。【12题详解】词句猜测题。分析“yousimplygoforawalkinthewoodsoracitypark,whereyouslackenbyusingallyoursensestoexperiencenature”，可知，where引导定语从句，先行词为woodsorparks，slacken为从句中谓语动词，此定语从句的意思是：在森林或者公园，通过用你的一切感官感受自然，可以slacken，再根据最后一句话“What’smore,evenwhenpeoplesimplylookatflowers,theirbodiesrelaxandstresslevelsdecrease.”，可知接触自然可以放松。再结合选项可知，slacken的意思是“放松”，故选D项。【13题详解】推理判断题。第三段中为了说明城市人口占比的变化情况，列举了1800年、2019年及预测的2050年的百分比数值，使用的是列数字的说明方法。故选B项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Thissuggestsweliveinourmodernsocietywithbodiesthatarestillusedtothenaturalenvironment,hewritesinthebook,because“genescannotchangeoverjustafewhundredyears”.可知，虽然我们生活在城市，但是身体还是习惯自然环境，而且基因中对于自然的适应性几百年里是不会变化的。而森林浴这种形式对身心健康有益，正是因为人类的身体还适应于生活在自然环境中。C选项“人体适应于自然中”符合文意。故选C项。15题详解】推理判断题。从最后一段可知，森林浴这一形式并不难做到，只要在房间里增加些植物就能奏效，甚至当人们看到花朵时压力都会下降。A选项“这操作起来很容易”符合文意。故选A项。第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。IfYouCan’tFallAsleepWhenYourHeadHitsthePillow.Here’sWhattoDoScheduleWorryTimeJustasyouscheduletimetoseefriendsorgetamassagedothesamewithyourworries,____16____Inadditiontowritingdownwhat’sworryingyou,createatleastoneactionitemyoucandotohelpdealwiththeissue.Thinkingthroughthosepotentialstressorsearlierinthedayshouldhelpeasehowmuchyouworryaboutthosethingswhenyourheadhiisthepillow.CreateaRoutinetoPowerDownYourBrain___17___Nottrue.Modernbusylivinghascreatedsomuchstimulation(刺激)inthedaythatbrainsnowoperateatsuperfastspeed.Ifyoudon’tgivethemtimetorest;they’llcontinuegoingatthatspeedatbedtime.Atleast30minutesbeforeyougotobedstartyourprobedpreparationsandthendosomethingrelaxing.Keepitconsistent,andyou’lltrainyourbodytoexpectsleepafterthatrelaxationperiod.KeepaGratitudeListNowthatyou’vethrownawayyourworries,replacethevoid(空白)wherethosenegativethoughtsoncelivedwithpositiveonesbystartingagratitudejournal.TheimpactofIhosepositivethoughtsisgreaterwhenyouwritethemdown,___18___Practice4-7-8BreathingDeepbreathingissoeffectiveforsleep.Inordertogettosleep，yourheartrateneedstoslowdown.____19____Practice4-7-8breathingbeforeyougotobed:Inhale(吸气)foracountoffour,holdforsevencounts，andthenblowoutforeightcounts.___20___Asyoulieinbed,relaxallofyourmusclesonebyone,startingatyourtoesandendingatyourhead.Notonlyisthisincrediblyrelaxing，asthenameimplies,italsoforcesyoutothinkaboutthephysicalpartsofyourbody,directingyourattentionawayfromwhateverisstressingyou.A.ExerciseRightBeforeBedB.DoProgressiveMuscleRelaxationC.Considertherelaxingeffectsofpositivethoughtsonyourmind.D.Scheduleaconsistenttimeeverydaytowritedownthoseworriesonpaper.E.Mostpeopleassumethatsleepislikebreathingyourbodywilljustdoit.F.Andbreathingtechniquesareoneofthemosteffectivewaystoachievehisgoal.G.Sotryspendingafewminuteseachnightlistingseveralthingsyou’regratefulfor.【答案】16.D17.E18.G19.F20.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何应对睡不着觉的几点建议。【16题详解】根据空后的“Inadditiontowritingdownwhat’sworryingyou,createatleastoneactionitemyoucandotohelpdealwiththeissue.”可知，除了写下让你担心的事情，你还需要至少制定一个行动计划来帮助解决这个问题，“Inadditiontowritingdownwhat’sworryingyou”表明此处会提到把令你担心的事情写下来，故D项（每天安排一个固定的时间把这些担心写在纸上）符合语境。【17题详解】根据本段标题及内容可知，本段主要讲的是是睡前让大脑放松很重要，空后的“Nottrue.”表明此处会提到一个关于睡眠的错误观点，故E项（大多数人认为睡眠就像呼吸一样，你的身体就会这样做）符合语境。【18题详解】根据空前的“TheimpactofIhosepositivethoughtsisgreaterwhenyouwritethemdown,”可知，当你把积极的想法写下来时，它的影响更大，此处举例说明一种积极的想法，故G项（所以试着每晚花几分钟列出你感激的事情）符合语境。【19题详解】根据本短标题“Practice4-7-8Breathing”可知，本段主要讲的是呼吸技巧，此处承接这一话题，故F项（呼吸技巧是实现目标最有效的方法之一）符合语境。【20题详解】此处为本段小标题，根据本段内容，特别是“Asyoulieinbed,relaxallofyourmusclesonebyone”可知，本段主要讲的是肌肉放松，故B项（做渐进式肌肉放松）符合语境。【点睛】在七选五的解题过程中，一定要注意空格前后出现的inaddition(to)，besides,except,and,so等词，这些词的暗示往往是重要线索，例如本篇第1题，根据空后的“Inadditiontowritingdownwhat’sworryingyou,createatleastoneactionitemyoucandotohelpdealwiththeissue.”可知，除了写下让你担心的事情，你还需要至少制定一个行动计划来帮助解决这个问题，“Inadditionto”意思是“除了”，这表明此处会提到把令你担心的事情写下来，故D项（每天安排一个固定的时间把这些担心写在纸上）符合语境。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和）中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Iglancedatthemagazinecoverswhilepayingforsomegoods.Then____21____TarajiP.Hensonconfidentlyonthecoverofamagazine.Theheading____22____“AllIcanbeisme.”ConsideringthatIrunanonprofitorganization____23____positiveperception(认识)ofthebodyandencouragingpeopletoaccepttheirbodies,I’m____24____aboutthatittookmesolongtoknowit.Iusedtomake____25____onmymomthatshelookedyoungforherage;herskindidn’thavelotsof____26____,andshehadfewagespots.ButIsuddenlyrealizedwitha____27____eyethatdaythatIhadbeen____28____forcingayoungvaluesystemonmymom.So____29____fortellingherthat,andsheacceptedwithasmile.Iwantmymomtogrowold,feelthe____30____toageandenjoyeverythingduringtheprocess.It’sprivilegetogrowolder.____31____,welosesightofthiswhenweare____32____withcountlessperfectpicturesofagingwomenandantiagingfever.Thephenomenon____33____alargerculturalproblemthattheperfectedandforever____34____appearancehasbeethenorm(规范)—or____35____thepopularnorm.NowIvaluethe____36____olderwomenhaveacquiredthroughtheirlifeexperiences.Ibelieveweneedtocelebratethemforwhatthey’ve____37____inlife.Iwanttoseeolderwomen____38____asthemselveswithlooseskin,greyhairandeverythingelsethates.Wantingtobe____39____toothersisn’tabadwant,butourculture’saddictiontostayingyounghasdestroyedanentireagegroupofwomen.Torestatethemagazine’s____40____,letwomenactuallybethemselves.21.A.noticed B.thought C.admired D.watched22.A.wrote B.read C.showed D.concluded23.A.learning B.promoting C.influencing D.representing24.A.pleased B.satisfied C.worried D.embarrassed25.A.appeals B.donations C.responses D.ments26.A.wrinkles B.marks C.scars D.blackheads27.A.cautious B.sharp C.fresh D.cold28.A.deliberately B.aimlessly C.abruptly D.unintentionally29.A.sighed B.apologized C.scared D.plained30.A.freedom B.urge C.duty D.risk31.A.Besides B.Therefore C.Otherwise D.However32.A.surrounded B.crowded C.frozen D.buried33.A.describes B.worsens C.indicates D.handles34.A.confident B.youthful C.fashionable D.gentle35.A.atlength B.atlast C.atleast D.atmost36.A.beauty B.honor C.peace D.wisdom37.A.lost B.abandoned C.experienced D.changed38.A.showup B.showoff C.holdon D.holdback39.A.important B.similar C.attractive D.unique40.A.cover B.heading C.theme D.picture【答案】21.A22.B23.B24.D25.D26.A27.C28.D29.B30.A31.D32.A33.C34.B35.C36.D37.C38.A39.C40.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者由一本杂志封面的文字联想到自己和妈妈之间发生的关于变老的故事，醒悟到女人应该接受和享受变老的过程，呼吁让女人们做她们自己。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我注意到TaraiiP.Henson自信地出现在杂志的封面上。A.noticed注意到；B.thought思考；C.admired羡慕，钦佩；D.watched观看。根据前文的“Iglancedatthemagazinecoverswhilepayingforsomegoods.”可知，作者一边买单一边瞥了杂志封面，所以是注意到了杂志封面的TaraiiP.Henson。故选A项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：说明文字写着：我所能做的就是做我自己。A.wrote写作；B.read阅读，写着；C.showed展示；D.concluded下结论。根据后面的双引号可知，“AllIcanbeisme.”是写在封面上的文字；表示物体上面写着文字应该用read。故选B项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：考虑到我在经营一家非营利性机构，旨在提升人们对于身体的积极认识，鼓励人们去接受自己的身体。A.learning学习；B.promoting促进；C.influencing影响；D.representing代表。根据表示并列的and及后面的encouraging可知，设空处表达的意思应该跟encouraging含义接近，只有B选项符合。故选B项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我有点难为情，我花了很长时间才认识到这点。A.pleased开心的；B.satisfied满足的；C.worried担忧的；D.embarrassed尴尬的。根据后文“ittookmesolongtoknowit”可推断，作者对于自己花了很长时间才认识到要做自己这件事，感到难为情。故选D项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我过去常常评论我妈妈，在她所在的年龄段，她看起来很年轻。A.appeals魅力；B.donations捐赠；C.responses回应；D.ments评论。分析句子成分可知，“thatshelookedyoungforherage”是对设空处的解释说明，“在她所在的年龄段，她看起来很年轻”这是一种评论。故选D项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的皮肤没有很多皱纹，也几乎没有老年斑。A.wrinkles皱纹；B.marks符号；C.scars伤疤；D.blackheads黑头粉刺。根据前文“shelookedyoungforherage”可知，作者妈妈看起来年轻，所以可推断她脸上没什么皱纹。故选A项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是那天我突然以一种全新的眼光意识到，我无意识地在我妈妈身上强加一种年轻的意识观念。A.cautious小心翼翼的；B.sharp尖锐的；C.fresh新鲜的；D.cold寒冷的。根据前文“Iusedtomake____5____tomymomthatshelookedyoungforherage”可知，作者之前经常做的事情是评论妈妈年轻，意识到自己在无意识地向妈妈灌输年轻的意识观念是作者首次意识到，所以对作者而言这是一种全新的看待问题的视角。故选C项。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是那天我突然以一种全新的眼光意识到，我无意识地在我妈妈身上强加一种年轻的意识观念。A.deliberately故意地；B.aimlessly无目的地；C.abruptly突然地；D.unintentionally无意识地。根据前文“herskindidn'thavelotsof____6____andshehadfewagespots”可知，作者评论妈妈年轻是基于妈妈的状态，这是一种自然而然的无意识的行为。故选D项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我因为告诉了她（她看起来年轻这件事）而向她道歉，她微笑着接受了。A.sighed叹气；B.apologized道歉；C.scared使……害怕；D.plained抱怨。根据前文“Ihadbeen____8____forcingayoungvaluesystemonmymom.”及后文“Iw