2024年临沂市高三一模（高考拟考试）英语试卷（含答案）

后附原卷扫描版临沂市2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（模拟）后附原卷扫描版英语2024.3120120分钟。注意事项：答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AEYLEAConsumerBriefSummaryThissummarycontainsriskandsafetyinformationforpatientsaboutEYLEA.Itdoesnotincludealltheinformationanddoesnottaketheplaceoftalkingtoyoureyedoctor.WhatisEYLEA?EYLEAisamedicinethatworksbyblockingvascularendothelialgrowthfactor（VEGF）,whichcancausefluidtoleakintothemacula（视网膜黄斑）.WhatisEYLEAusedfor?EYLEAisindicatedforthetreatmentofpatientswith:MacularEdemaFollowingRetinalOcclusion（RVO）DiabeticMacularEdema（DME）DiabeticRetinopathy（DR）HowisEYLEAgiven?EYLEAisaninjection（注射）administeredbyeyedoctorandtheinjectionsaregivenondifferentschedules.Confirmwithyourdoctorwhichscheduleisappropriate.WhatarethemostcommonsideeffectsofEYLEA?EyepainLightsensitivityIncreasedeyerednessFormorepossiblesideeffects,askyoureyedoctor.YouareencouragedtoreportnegativesideeffectsofprescriptiondrugstotheFDA.Visit/medwatch,orcall1-800-FDA-1088.WhatshouldItellmyeyedoctorbeforereceivingEYLEA?InfectionsinoraroundtheeyeEyepainorrednessBeingallergictoanyingredientsinEYLEABeingorplanningtobepregnantWherecanIlearnmoreaboutEYLEA?ForamorecomprehensivereviewofEYLEAsafetyandriskinformation,talktoyourhealthcareproviderandseethefullinformationatEYLEA.com.Whoisthepassageintendedfor?Eyedoctors. B.Medicinestudents.C.Drugresearchers. D.Patientswitheyeconditions.HowcanyoulearnmoreaboutEYLEA?EYLEA.com. B.Call1-800-FDA-1088.C./medwatch. D.toamedicalprofessor.Whatisthistext?Amedicalreport. B.Anintroductiontoabook.C.Ahealthcarecontract. D.Apieceofmedicalinstructions.BWatfordandherfamilyhavelivedinCurtisBay,Baltimoreforgenerations.Hercommunityhasfacedenvironmentalinjustice.Heavyindustriescontinuedtomoveinhercommunity.Asaresult,herneighborshavehadtolivewithseriousrespiratory（呼吸的）problems.Whensheknewaplantobuildthenation’slargesttrash-burningincinerator（焚化炉）lessthanamileawayfromherhighschool,sherealizedshehadtotakeaction.Theincineratorwasbeingsoldwronglyasclean,renewableenergyequipmentbutactuallyitwouldbeasourceofbrain-damagingchemicalsandwouldrelease200milliontonsofgreenhousegasesperyear,bothworsethancoalburning.Watfordfeltshehadaresponsibilitytowarnhercommunitytoworktogethertoshutthisplantdown.Sheco-foundedFreea10-personstudentorganizationdevotedtocommunityrightsandsocialjustice.theydecidedtostartacampaigntotakedownEnergyAnswers,theincinerator’sdeveloper.Theywentdoor-to-doortalkingtoneighborsandorganizingprotests.WhenitwasdiscoveredthatBaltimoreCityPublicSchools（BCPS）wasgoingtobeacustomerofEnergyAnswers,theorganizationfoughtwiththeboardandpresentedtheircase,urgingBCPStowithdrawfromtheproject.BCPSwasconvincedtocanceltheircontract,whichinturninspired22othercustomerstodothesame.Withoutanyfinancialgain,EnergyAnswershadnomarkettomoveforwardwithitsplan.WatfordcontinuestoworkwithCurtisBayresidentstowardfairdevelopment.Theyhaveavisionforthefuturewhichincludesbuildingazero-wastemovement,asolarfarm,andgreenjobs.Shewantstheentirehumanfamilytojointhefightforenvironmentaljusticebecausesurvivalasaspeciesdependsonourabilitytotakeaction.Whatcausedrespiratoryproblemsincommunity?Poormedicalcare. B.environmentalconditions.C.Constantbacterialinfection. D.Unbalanceddistributionofresources.Whatisattitudetobuildingtheincinerator?Unfavourable. B.Doubtful. C.Unclear. D.Indifferent.Whatwastheresultoftheircampaign?BCPSlostfinancialsupport. B.EnergyAnswersstoppeditsplan.C.Theinvestorsfoundnewmarket. D.Manycustomersrevisedtheircontracts.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?AteenageheroagainsturbanpollutionAteenageherofightingforanadvancedcityAbattleforBaltimore’sskybyateenageheroThesocialjusticechallengeforateenageheroCHumansworkhardtoavoidviruses.Sickpeopleareisolated,diseasedanimalsarekilledandfieldsofinfectedcropsarefiredup.Reviving（复活）anancientviruswouldsurelybeadisaster.ButanewstudyledbyFiddamanfromOxford,challengesthisconventionalwisdom.Itshowshowtherevivalofanancientviruscanunlockthesecretsofitsevolution.ThevirusinthestudyisMarek’sdiseasevirus（MDV）,killingmorethan90%ofchickens.Yetwhenitwasdiscoveredin1907,MDVrarelycauseddeath.DrFiddamanwonderedwhetheritsnew-foundvirulence（毒性）wasaresultoflargestructuralchanges.Tofindout,heandhiscolleaguesgottheirhandsonnearly1,000chickenbonesfromancienttimesacrossEuropeandAsia,someofthemupto2000yearsold.SectionsofDNAfromtheseremainsweremappedontotheonesoftoday’svirus.AstheauthorspiecedtogetherthesetsofgenesofancientMDV,however,theynoticedthatthegeneswerearrangedidenticallytothoseinmodernspecies.Itsuggeststhattheincreasedvirulenceresultednotfromlargestructuralchanges,butfrompointmutations（突变）.Inparticular,changeshadoccurredinthearrangementofagenecalledMEQ,whichhasanessentialroleintumour（肿瘤）formation.ThisdiscoverysuggeststhattheancientMDVmaynothavebeenabletocausetumours.Totestthisassumption,DrFiddamanfollowedupwithadaringexperiment.HemadetheancientformoftheMEQgeneandshootitintolivingchickencells.Itdidnotturnonanyofthegenesassociatedwithtumourformation.Incomparison,amodernMEQgenequicklyshoweditstendencytocausetumours.Bycombiningancientandmoderngeneticbiology,themethodspioneeredinthepaperrevealandmoreimportantlyanyvirusmutates.Thatcouldhelpscientiststackleothervirusesthatpullonthepurse-stringsoffarmers—bydesigningnewvaccines（疫苗）forinstanceoreventoworkouthowtopreventanotherglobalpandemic.Whatiswidelyacknowledgedabouttherevivalofanancientvirus?Itisachallengingtask. B.Itrevealsthevirusevolution.C.Itmeansadisasterforhumans. D.Ithelpspeoplefightdiseases.WhatcausedthevirulencechangeofMDV?PointmutationsinMEQ. B.Theoccurranceofanewgene.C.ThereproductionoftheancientD.Largestructuralchangesinmodernspecies.HowdidDrFiddamantesttheassumption?Byinvestigatingatypicalcase. B.ByconductingafieldC.Bystudyingtherelatedtheories. D.Bydoingacomparativeexperiment.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?weakengraduallywhentheymutate.Thefindingthrowslightonhandlingotherviruses.Aglobalpandemicrequiresaworldefforttoendit.Farmerswillfacemorecomplexchallengesthanbefore.DWhenAmericananthropologistColinTurnbullpublishedTheMountainPeoplein1972,hereferredtohissubjects—aUgandangroupcalledtheIk—as“thelovelesspeople.”Aftertwoyearsofobservationshedecidedthattheyreflectedhumanity’sbasicinstincts（本能）cheatthieveryandpitilessness.ButwhenAthenaAktipisandhercolleaguesfromtheHumanGenerosityProjecttookadeeperlook,theyidentifiedacommunitythatsharedeverything.“TurnbullhadvisitedUgandaduringadisastrousfamine（饥荒）.Allhesawiswhathappenswhenpeoplearestarving.”saysAktipis.Butherteamrevealedthatdespitelivingunderpressure,theIkplacedahighvalueonhelpingoneanotherwhentheycould.Aktipisbelievesthataltruismismorecommonandbeneficialthanevolutionarysocialsciencehaslongthought.“Itwasassumedthatpeoplearedesignedtoonlydothingstohelpthemselvesortheirrelatives.”shesays.Bystudyingtheunique,selflesspracticesthathelpedninecommunitiesacrosstheworldtocontinuetoexist,theexpertsfromtheProjectarelookingtoshowthatweareindeedcapableofwidespreadcooperation.TheMaasaipeopleinKenyaprovideoneoftheproject’smainpoints.Theyrelyontwo-wayfriendshipsforresourceslikefoodorwaterwhenthey’reinneed,withoutexpectinganyrepayment.Also,aworldinNewMexico,whilefolksoftenhelptransportcattleandreceivesupportinreturn,theywillassistwithoutrepaymentifsomeonefacesdifficulties,suchasaninjuryorthedeathofalovedone.Aktipisbelievestheoreticalframeworksperfectedthroughstudyingthesegroupscanapplybroadlytoanyinterdependentsystems.Herbiggoalistodesignsocial-servicesystemsthatsupporteveryone.market-basedinsuranceintheUnitedStatesasanexample:It’spricedbasedonindividualriskfactorssuchashealthhistoriesandwherepeoplelive,whichmeansmillionsofAmericanscan’taffordit.Butinasystembuiltonneighboring,pooledcosts（合并成本）wouldleveltheburdenduringcollectivehardshiplikenaturaldisastersandpandemics.WhatdidTurnbullthinkoftheIkpeople?Heartless. B.Helpful. C.Restless. D.Generous.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“altruism”inparagraph2probablymean?Tryingtobestrongandtoughtosurvive.Makingfulluseofthesurroundingresources.Beingdevotedtothemselvesortheirrelatives.Caringabouttheneedsandhappinessofothers.Whatdoesparagraph3intendtoconvey?Friendshipsguaranteeawell-beinglife. B.Folksassisteachothertogetsupport.C.Cooperationisagoodandnaturalinstinct. D.Peopletendtoprovideresourcesforfree.HowdoesAktipisintendtoapplyherfindings?Bydesigningapolicyforpublichealth.Bymonitoringindividualhealthhistories.Bycreatingasystemagainstcollectivehardship.Byloweringinsurancepricesforindividualvictims.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。MarkCovington,founderoftheGeorgiaStreetCommunityCollectiveinDetroit,standsinacornerofhisurbanfarm,breathingthefreshairintheearlymorning. 16 Earlyinthethegreencropsgivinglifetotomatoes,cabbages,eggplants,andmorearebathedingold,asifbeingwateredbythesun.Thesoundsofdogs,pigs,roosters,andagroupofstirringbeesdrownoutthesoundsofthecity.In2007,Covingtonlosthisjobandreturnedtohischildhoodstreet. 17 “Itwashesaid.“Therewerealwaysvacantlots,buttheyhadalwaysbeenmaintainedforchildrentoplayon.”Heknewthatifhejustcleanedthemup,peoplewouldpileonthemagain. 18 Covingtonstartedwithasmallcommunitygarden. 19 Onemothersentthreechildrentohelphimbuildalargergardenwherethekidscouldgrowfood,staybusyduringthesummerandaddstructuretotheirlives.Littlebylittletheseedstookroot,asthehandsonthegardenthatwouldevolveintoafarmmultiplied. 20 Ononecorner:amoviescreenandapublicgardenwithvegetableandflowerbeds.Onanother:afarmandacommunitycenterinabuilding.Nearbyaregarlicbedsandagreenhouse.“It’ssomewhatspiritualforme,”Covingtonsays.likeasanctuary（圣殿）.Peoplecomehereanddon’twanttoleave.”Butifheplantedstuff,theymightnot.atypicalmorningsceneatthecollective.Hesawgarbagepiledhighinvacant,abandonedlots.Covingtonmadethegardenalittlebiggertoplantmore.Andalmostimmediatelyneighborsbeganaskingtoparticipate.Heplantedagardentohelpfeedresidentsandenrichtheirlives.Whatbeganasanefforttoremovetrashhasturnedintoasiteofcommunity.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。Whateverthepatient’sageordisease,ahospitalstaycanbestressful,especiallyforkids.EffortslikeElla’sarea（an） 21 spotduringatoughtime.Itbeganin2018,whenEllacelebratedherbirthdayina 22 way—agiftdrive.Sincethen,ithas 23eachyearinearlyOctober,afewweeksbeforeherbirthday.Alongwitha（an） 24 toherElla’sfriendsgetalistofgiftideasforkidsatthehospital.Fortheyoungest 25 ,giftsmightincludebuildingblocksorstuffedtoys.Thentimetosharethegifts.“Seeingotherpeople’s 26 —that’sallthatmatterstome,”Ellasays.Afterthefirstround,thenumberofdonations 27 everyButshedoesn’tkeepanexactcount. 28 ,shejudgesbysight.measurehowmuchofthecarpetitcoversinourlivingroom,”Ellasays.“Lastit 29 theentirecarpet.”Allison,workingatBrighamChildren’sHospital,hasseenfirsthandthe 30 ofElla’sgift-giving.“Sheputssmileonthefacesoftheselittlepatientsinourhospital,”Allisonsays.“Theyareallamazedather 31 suchayoungage.”32 tohelpkidsinthehospitalhaveinspiredothersto 33 inherfootsteps.Friendscollectedand 34 giftsfortheirbirthdaystoo.“ 35 toothersisagoodfeelingtohaveattheendoftheEllasays.“IwanttokeepdoingthisaslongasIcan.”21.A.independentB.extraC.freeD.bright22.A.newB.privateC.fancyD.natural23.A.workedoutB.kickedoffC.givenoutD.thoughtup24.A.letterB.recreationC.invitationD.cake25.A.workersB.patientsC.parentsD.nurses26.A.happinessB.recognitionC.behaviorD.admiration27.A.changesB.growsC.declinesD.maintains28.A.ThusB.SomehowC.SometimesD.Instead29.A.reachedB.includedC.decoratedD.covered30.A.excitementB.effectC.inspirationD.feature31.A.generosityB.explorationC.ambitionD.progress32.A.promisesB.aimsC.effortsD.proposals33.A.followB.engageC.trackD.mix34.A.receivedB.countedC.gatheredD.donated35.A.RespondingB.RelatingC.GivingD.Comparing第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Playinganinstrumentorsinginginachoirmayboostyourbrain.Forgenerations,parents36（encourage）theirchildrentopracticeplayingmusicalinstruments.Parentshavegoodreasontoprioritizetheirchildren’smusicaleducation.Learninganinstrumentisnotonlyassociatedwith37（good）educationalattainmentbutalsowithimprovedcognitive（认知的）abilitiesandintelligence（智力）scoresinchildren.Theresultsofarecentstudy38（investigate）thisquestionshowedthatmusicalpeoplehadbettermemoryandtheabilitytostay39（focus）ontasksthanthosewithlessornomusicality.However,40madeadifferenceamongthosewhoplayedaninstrumentwaswhethertheycontinuedtoplay41hadonlyplayedinthepast.Currentamateurmusiciansexhibitedthehighestcognitiveperformanceamongparticipants.Continuedengagement42cognitivelystimulatingactivities,likeplayinganinstrument,islikely43（lead）tosustainedbrainhealth.Incontrast,playingtherecorderforonlythreeyearsinprimaryschoolmaynot（significant）impactourcognitiveperformancelaterinlife.Giventheoverallbenefitsoflearninganinstrumentorparticipatinginachoir,engaginginsuchacognitive（stimulate）asweagecouldbebeneficial.第三部分写作（40分）第一节（15分）假如你是李华，你校外教Ryan打算开展英语阅读活动，现向学生征求意见，请你给外教回复一封邮件，陈述建议并给出理由，内容包括：材料选择；阅读形式（小组合作或自主阅读注意：80左右；DearRyan,第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Yours,LiHuaa12-year-oldgirl,wasdeepinhermathshomework.HerfatherBillaskedhertohelpfixthegateofthestall（牛栏）“Icouldn’tcomeoutandhelp,sheresponded,withoutevenlookingup.“I’llgetextramarksifIdotheseequations（方程式）.”Frowning,BillwasconcernedaboutSheonlylovednumbers,showinglittleinterestinotherthings.Billhopedhisdaughtercouldenjoyanimalsandhelpontheirfarm.“Wouldn’tyouliketowintheblueribboncompetitionwithyourveryowncalfnextyear?”Billrefusedtogiveup.Inthecompetition,childrenshowthecalvestheyraiseandthebestcalf（小牛）withalargebuild,well-developedmusclesandstronglegswouldgettheblueribbon.Beckylistenedwithoutaword.“Youknow,raisingacalfalsorequiresmathmatics,likecalculatingtheexpensestomaintainhealthandmuscledevelopmentduringgrowth.”Billcontinued.ItseemedthatsomethingclickedwithBecky,“Itmightbeaperfectopportunitytoshowmymathtalents.”Shethenfollowedherdadintothestall.Billpointedtoanewborncalf.“Heresheis!Tag333.Shewillbethebestcalf!”Beckylooked,andasmilebrightenedherface.“OK.I’llgiveitatry.”Inthefollowingweeks,shestartedajournalofprojectedexpenses—vaccinations,registrationfees,vetbills,grainandhay.“She’sfinallygettinginterestedincattle,”Billthought.ButforBecky,thecalfseemedmorelikeamathematicalchallengethanalivinganimalthatwouldrequirecareandlove.Wintercame—thetoughtimeforthecalves.Onemorning,anextremesnowstormhit.Calves!BillandBeckyhurriedtothestalltocheck.AllthecalveswereinsideexceptTag333!Wherewasshe?Theysearchedeverywhereandfinallyfoundheramileawayfromthestall.Thelittlecalfwaslyingstill,cove