2024年上海市高考英语语法填空试题真题汇编（含答案详解）

专题02语法填空近六年上海高考英语一年两考真题全收录+最新名校名卷好题精选2022年7月高考真题SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.HowtoStartaNewBusinessAnentrepreneurisapersonwhocreates,launches,andbeginsanewbusiness,typicallyinresponsetoamarketdemandthathasnotbeenmet.Entrepreneursareoftenimaginative,self-motivatedindividualswhodevelopfull-time,successful,andsustainablebusinesses.Successfulentrepreneursfrequentlyhaverevelantinsights,expertise,andadvicetheymayofferaspiringontheirrespectivepaths.Interviewingentrepreneurstoaid(21)____________mightprovideinsightintothestepstheytook(22)___________(achieve)success.Hereistheinterviewofentrepreneur-relatedquestions,andyouwillfindmorepreparationsforit.Question:Howwouldyoudescribeanentrepreneur?Answer:Anindividualwhoestablishesandexpandstheirowncompanythroughinnovative(know)asanentrepreneur.Duringtheexpansionoftheirstrategies(23)_____________companies,entrepreneursareresponsibleforseveralimportanttasksinadditiontocashgeneration.Anentrepreneurperceivesacommercialneedintheirsociety,(24)____________(develop)anideaforabusiness,andthentakestheinitiativetostarttheirfirm.Supposeabusinessideadoesnotcenteronproducingaproductthatfillsagapinthe(25)___________(exist)market.Inthatcase,itmostoftencentersonapplyingtechnicaladvancementstosimplifytheprocessofobtainingaproductorservice.Question:Howdoentrepreneursidentifybusinessprospects?Answer:Entrepreneursroutinelyseekchancestoexpandorincreasetheircompany'srevenues.Theydeterminewhichproducttoincludeandwhichmarkettoenter.Anentrepreneurshouldlistentoprospectivecustomersandlookforchancestobuilditemsthatmeettheirdemands.Anentrepreneurcandetermine(26)___________doingandhowtheysucceedbyconductingacompetitiveanalysis.Thistechniquemayinvolveconductingaphysicalsurveyorreadingindustry-specificmaterials.Conversationswithconsumersalsofacilitatetheidentificationoftheirfrustrationsandnegativeexperiences.theymayusetoenhanceafirm.(27)___________.Question:Whatmakesanentrepreneursuccessful?anentrepreneur,youarebothyourmanagerandthemanager.Answer:(28)_____________ofothers.Toachievesuccess,youmustpossessawiderangeofabilities.Anentrepreneurmustbeabletomanagepeople,abudget,operations,andincertaincases,investors.Itnecessitates(characterize)bymultitaskingandplanningforthefirm'sshortaworkstyle(29)_____________successfulentrepreneurmustbeabletospendhistimeandlong-termgoals.(30)______________wisely,regularlyanalyzingandprioritizingprojectsbasedontheirrelevanceandsignificance.Itincludesengaginginshort-andlong-termplanning,economicforecasts,andmarketresearch.答案解析：21.them22.toachieve23.isknown24.develops25.existing26.what27.which28.As29.characterized30.A21.them[解析]考查代词作宾语。根据句子结构，这里说的是成功的企业家为有抱负的企业家提供建议，因此此处要帮助的人(宾语)指的就是有抱负的企业家们，即aspiringentrepreneurs，所以应填入人称代词宾格，且表复数，故填入them。句意:成功的企业家通常有相关的见解、专业知识和建议，他们可以为有抱负的企业家提供帮助，帮助他们走上各自的道路。22.toachieve[解析]考查动词不定式作目的状语。根据句子结构，企业家所采取的步骤是为了获得成功，所以这里应用动词不定式表目的。而且根据句子的谓语动词mightprovide判定空格处的动词为非谓语动词。故填入toachieve。句意:采访企业家可能会让你了解他们取得成功所采取的步骤23isknown[解析]考查一般现在时的被动。结合问题“HowWouldYouDescribeAnEntrepreneur?(你如何描述企业家?)”可知这个回答是在为企业家下定义，此处应为固定搭配“beknownas”(被称为;被认为是...)，根据“Anindividual”可知此处的be动词是单数的，文章的时态为一般现在时，而且根据句子主语individual后的who引导的定语从句，空格处的动词为谓语动词。故填入isknown。句意通过创新战略建立并扩大自己公司的人被称为企业家。24.develops[解析]考查一般现在时。此句的主语是Anentrepreneur，该空是一个谓语动词且与前面的perceives并列，时态还是一般现在时，故填入develops。句意:业家在他们的社会中发现了商业需求，发展出了一个商业想法，然后主动创办了自己的公司。此空的陷阱主语后面的空格处动词，惯性思维理解为非谓语结构实际这个句子看完才发现是并列谓语结构。此题的失分较多，很多同学们会填写developing，事实上是develops。25.existing[解析]考查先分词作定语。根据句子结构可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词market,而且从句子的谓语动词doesnotcenter也推测空格处动词需要填写非谓语动词故填入existing(现存的，现行的)。句意:假设一个商业想法的中心不是生产填补现有市场空白的产品26.what[解析]考查宾语从句。该段回答的问题是“企业家如何识别商业前景”，根据后面的“howtheysucceed(他们是如何成功的)”可以推测出这里要表达的意思是“其他企业在做什么”，故填入what。句意:企业家可以通过进行竞争分析来确定该地区的其他企业在做什么以及他们是如何成功的。27.which[解析]考查非限制性定语从句。此处考查的是定语从句，theirfrustrationsandnegativeexperiences在后面的从句中作宾语，属于事物，故填入which。句意:与消费者的对话也有助于识别他们的沮丧和负面体验，他们可能会利用这些来增强公司。28.As[解析]考查介词。此处回答的问题是“是什么让企业家成功”后面的youarebothyourmanagerandthemanagerofothers,是个完整的句子，anentrepreneur为名词结合语境，此处要表达的意思应是“作为一名企业家”，故填入As。句意:作为一名企业家，你既是自己的管理者，也是他人的管理者。29.characterized[解析]考查过去分词作后置定语。根据句子的谓语动词necessitates判定空格处的提示动词为非谓语动词结构，而且由“by”可知，此处应用过去分词修饰名词词组aworkstyle，此处实际上是一个定语从句，whichischaracterizedbymultitaskingandplanning，省略了whichis，故填入characterized。句意:它需要一种多任务处理和为公司的短期和长期目标规划的工作风格。30.A[解析]考查不定冠词。这里的entrepreneur为可数名词单数，应用不定冠词修饰，故填入A。句意:一个成功的企业家必须能够明智地利用他的时间，有规律地根据项目的相关性和重要性分析和排序。2022年1月高考真题SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.TheLightsofAuroraOnthenightof2September1859,thedarkskyoverEuropeandNorthAmericawassuddenlyfulloflight!Thelightdidnocomefromthesunorthemoonandithadastrangecolour.Thelightmovedacrossthesky,(21)___________(come)andgoing,likecloudsinastrongwindintheUnitedStates,amaninBostonwasusingthetelegraphtospeaktoamaninPortand160kmawayTheybothturnedofftheelectricityforthetelegraph,but(22)__________couldstillspeaktoeachotherforthenexttwohours.Theelectricitywascomingfromthelightinthesky.Howwasthispossible?Andwhatwasthelightinthesky?Thelightiscalledtheaurora.Usually.youcanseeitonlyattheverynorthoftheearth,(23)_______itiscalledauroraborealisorNorthermLights,orattheverysouth,whereitistheauroraaustralisorSouthernLights.Butin1859,somethinghappenedinthesun-averylargestorm-anditmovedtheauroraacrossthemiddleoftheearth.Wedonotthinkthathiseverhappenedbefore1859,andweknowthatit(24)________(nothappen)sincethen.Whydoestheaurorahappen?AndwhycanweonlyseeitatthetoporbottomoftheearthTheauroraismadebysomething(25)__________(call)the‘'solarwind’(windfromthesun).Wecannotseethiswind,ortouchit.Itisawindofparticlesthattravelawayfromthesunatthetimeatabout400kilometersasecond.MostoftheparticlesnevertouchtheearthTheearthhasakindof‘wall’arounditthatdefendsit(26)________theseparticles.Thiswalliscalledtheearth'smagneticfield,anditpushestheparticlesawayoneitherside,Buttheearth'smagneticfieldhastwo“windows”init:themagneticnorth,andthemagneticsouth.Attheseplaces.theearth'smagneticfieldturnsdownintotheearth.Andsomeoftheparticlesfromthesolarwindcomethroughthesemagnetic'windows'.Thesesolarparticlescrashistotheparticlestatarealreadyinoursky.And(27)_________thishappens.weseethebeautifullinesorcloudsoflightoftheaurora.Alaskaisagoodplace(28)________(see)theauuroraborealis,andyoucanalsogotoplaceslikeIceland,Siberia,thenorthofGreenland,Norway,Sweden,andScotlandToseetheauroraaustralis,gotothesouthofAustralia,Tasmania,orNewZealand.Peopletravelthousandsofkilometerstoseetheaurora,andtheycanneverbesure(29)_______itwillhappen.But(30)_______________doseeitsaythattheywillneverforgetit.【答案】21.coming22.they23.where24,hasnothappened25.called26.against27.when/as28.tosee29.that30.whoever【解析】21.coming[解析]考查现在分词。根据句子结构，空格处提示动词与“going”并列，所以形式应保持一致，所以填入coming。句意:光在天空中移动，来来去去，就像强风中的云。22.they[解析]考查代词作作主语。根据句子结构，该句缺主语，结合前面的“Theybothturnedofftheelectricityforthetelegraph,”可知这后半句的主语也为“they”，故填入they。句意:他们俩都关掉了电报机的电源，但在接下来的两个小时里，他们仍然可以互相交谈。23.where[解析]考查定语从句。根据后面的“orattheverysouth,whereitistheauroraaustralisorSouthernLights.”可知此处同样是一个定语从句，也是用关系副词where作后面从句的地点状语。故填入where。句意:通常，你只能在地球的最北边看到它，在那里它被称为北极光，或者在地球的最南边，它被称为南极光。24.hasnothappened[解析]考查现在完成时的否定结构。此处的宾语从句缺谓语动词，结合“since”可知此处的时态为现在完成时，故填入hasnothappened。句意:我们不认为这种情况在1859年以前发生过，我们知道从那以后也没有发生过。25.called[解析]考查过去分词作后置定语。根据句子的谓语动词ismade，判定空格处的动词为非谓语结构，而且分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词的过去分词作后置定语修饰something，故填入called。句意:极光是由一种叫做“太阳风来自太阳的风)的东西产生的。26.against[解析]查介词。此处考查固定搭配defend...against...保卫...以免受...)，故填入against。句意:地球周围有一种“墙”，可以保护它不受这些粒子的影响。27.when/as[解析]考查时间状语从句。本段一开始提到“Whydoestheaurorahappen?(为什么会发生极光?)”，可知本段解释了极光是如何发生的，那么此处说的应是“当这种情况发生时，我们就会看到美丽的极光线或云”，这是一个时间状语从句,故填入“when/as”。句意:当这种情况发生时，我们就会看到美丽的极光线或云。28.tosee[解析]考查动词不定式。根据句子谓语动词is判定空格处提示动词是非谓语动词结构，而此处考查的是句式:(It+is+a/an+名词+to+do+sth.)，故填入tosee句意:阿拉斯加是观赏北极光的好地方。29.that[解析]考查宾语从句。根据besure后面的itwillhappen，判定从句作的是宾语的成分，故此处用that引导宾语从句，填入that。句意:人们千里迢迢去看极光,却永远无法确定它是否会发生。30.whoever[解析]考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知此句缺主语，而后面宾语从句的主语为they，再结合前面提到的“人们千里迅通去看极光”，说明极光很受欢迎，可以推测出这里的句意为“但是看到它的人都说他们永远不会忘记它”，也就是“无论是谁看到了它都说永远不会忘记它”，故填入whoever。句意:但是看到它的人都说他们永远不会忘记它。2021年6月高考真题SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.TheSpreadofDiseaseTravelingfromonecitytoanothercanleadtothespreadofdisease.Whenpeoplearriveinanewplace,theymaybringinbacteriathat(21)__________(notbe)presentinthepast.Thepeopletherehavenonaturalprotection(22)__________thesenewbacteria,sotheycatchthediseasemoreeasily.(23)________itisunfamiliar,healthworkersmaynotidentifyitorstopitfromspreading.Peoplewiththediseasemaycontinuetohavecontactwithothers.Inthisway,thebacteriatravelfrompersontopersonthroughthepopulation.Thiswas(24)__________happened,forexample,whensoldierstravelledbackhomeattheendoftheFirstWorldWar.ThesesoldiersbroughtwiththemtheSpanishflu,and(25)________costmillionsoflives.Heatingandcoolingsystemsinbuildingscanalsobeasourceofdisease.Takeoldairconditionersinwindowsasanexample.Theytendtocollectdirtandwater,whichmakesiteasyforbacteria(26)_____(grow).Thenwhentheair-conditioner(27)_________(turn)on,thebacteriawillbeblownintothehomeorofficeandmakepeoplesick.Bacteriagrowfastinthewaterofthecoolingtowers.Theyarethensentthroughoutthebuildingwiththeairconditioningandcanaffectanyoneinthebuilding.ScientistsfirstrecognizedthisprobleminJuly1976,by(28)_________time221peoplehadbecomeseriouslyill..Pollutionoftheoceanscanalsobeafactorinspreadingdisease.Thepollutionmaybecausedbyfertilizersthatwashintoriversandthenintotheocean,orbyhumanwaste(29)_________(dump)directlyintotheoceanwithnoprocessing.Thesepollutantsresultintheincreasedgrowthoftinyplantsthatarecalledalgae(海藻).Theycanformathickmassinthewater,(30)__________(provide)aperfectenvironmentforcholera,afataldisease.【答案】21.werenot22.against23.Because/Since/As24.what25.it/thattogrow27.istuned28.which29.dumped30.providing【答案详解】werenot【解析】考查一般过去时的否定结构。根据句子结构分析，该空所处句子结构为定语从句，修饰bacteria，但是bacteria为名词复数形式(类似data)，又根据此处的时间状语inthepast可知，此处需要填入一般过去时态，且该句为陈述句，故此处填入werenot。此题作为新高考英语的创新型试题，考查同学们语篇语境下的语法应用能力。Be作为助动词，其与后面的表语一起构成谓语结构。22.against【解析】考查介词。结合该空前后的相关内容，可推知，此处想要表达的是“人们没有对抗细菌的天然保护，所以更容易感染这种疾病”，再结合句子结构，此处短语作后置定语修饰protection，而against有“反对”之意，符合句意，故此处填入against。23.Because/Since/As【解析】考查原因状语从句。结合下文可知，该句下文讲述的是相关结果，即推知前文在讲述原因。再结合句子结构分析，该空所在句子结构完整，且与主句用逗号隔开，即此处为状语从句，故此处填入Because/Since/As引导原因状语从句。24.what【解析】考查表语从句。根据句子结构分析，此处为表语从句，且该空在从句中做主语。再结合下文例子，此处在讲述某件事，因此可确定此处考查固定搭配whathappened，故此处填入what。25.it/that【解析】考查代词。根据句子结构分析，该句中缺少主语，又结合上文内容推知。该空处指代的是上文提及的theSpanishflu，故此处填入代词it/that。26.togrow【解析】考查动词不定式。根期从句的谓语动间makes判定此处非讲语结构。而且根糖句子结构分析，此处考查固定搭配makeitradjtodosth意为“使某事助的怎么样"，故此处填入togrow。27.isturned【解析】考查一般现在时的被动。根据相关句意分析，可知此处的空调是“被打开”，即需要填入动词的被动语态，又因为该空前theair-conditioner的提示，可知从句中的主语用的是单数形式，故此处填入istuned。28.which【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。根据句子结构分析，可知该空所在句子为非限制性定语，修饰上旬所述相关情况，再结合句意分析，此处主要强调的是相关的时间，又因为该空前有介词by，故需要用bywhich代替when充当引导词，故此处填入which。29.dumped【解析】考查过去分词。根据主句谓语动词maybecaused以及or引导的并列状语，判定空格处的动词为非谓语动词。而且句子结构分析，该空处做后置定语修饰humanwaste，再结合上文内容推知，此处想要表达的是“未经加工直接被倾倒到海洋中的人类废弃物”，即此处需要填入动词的过去分词形式，故此处填入dumped。30.providing【解析】考查现在分词。根据句子的谓语动词canform判定空格处的动词为非谓语结构,在从句子结构分析，该空构成分词短语作状语,再根据相关句意分析,此处想表述的是“它们可以在水中形成厚厚的团块，为霍乱这种致命疾病提供一个完美的环境”，即此处需要填入动同的现在分词，故此处填入providing2021年1月高考真题WhyBeinginaBandIsCoolWhenyouwereyounger，apianolessonmayhaveruinedyourday.Carryingaflute（长笛）fromclasstoclassjustforahalf-hourlesson（21）_______haveseemedpointless.Butasyouentertheadultworldsuddenlyyourealizethatknowinghowtoplayaninstrumentisprettycool.Yes,eventheflute.So,whatmakesbeinginabandsocool?Isitbecauseyougettogoonstageandplaytomillionsofadoringfans?Well,yes,butit'llbeafewyearsbeforeyourdodgyrenditionof‘Twinkle,Twinkle,LittleStar’startstoresembleaMozartsymphony.(22)_______talentedyou'vebeeninmusicit'sstillnoteasytoorganizeaband,buthere'saquickguidetogetyoustarted:1)Findyourmembers.You'llneedadrummer,aguitarist,abassguitaristandasinger.Anyotherinstrumentsareabonus.Thisiswhere(23)________(play)theflutecomesin,ifyoucanmakeplayingtheflutecool,youdeserveallthefameandfortuneintheworld!2)Organizeabandpractice.Ifyouareluckyenoughtohaveabandmember(24)_______adrumkitandparentswhoarehardofhearing,youcanpractiseathomeforfree.Otherwise,you'llneedtofindalocalstudio(25)______canbeexpensive.(26)_______(divide)thecostequally,includingthecostofhiringanyequipmentsuchascymbalsforthedrummer,yourocktogether,yourolltogether!3)Beproductive.Ifyou'repayingforastudio,thelastthingyouwantistospenditcatchingupwitheachother,someethalfanhourinadvancetogetallthechatting(27)_______(finish).4)Agreeonsongstolearn,andlearnthem!Eachbandmembershouldchooseasongforthewholeband(28)______(learn)readyforrehearsal.Thiswillallowyoutosee(29)________genres（类型）workforyourgroup.(5)Startwriting.Onceyouknowwhatmusicworksforyou,startwriting!Youcandothisindividuallyorasabandbutthemostimportantthingistorespectotherpeople'ssongs.It'sveryraretofind(30)_______whoisn'tshyaboutsharingtheirfirstfewpiecesofwriting,sobenice!Ifthatsoundslikealotofhardwork,thenyou'reright!Ifitalsosoundslikealotoffun,getstated!Butwhatisitthatmakesallthathardworkworthit?Beinginabandteachesyoupreciouslifelessons.Itisafunwayoflearningabouthowtoshareopinionsrespectfully,becreative,becomemoreconfidentandworkasateam.Onceyoucandothatyou'llbewellonyourwaytofindingwhatitisaboutyouthatmakesyouunique,specialandcool!参考答案21.may22.However23.playing24.with25.which

26.Divide27.finished28.tolearn29.what30.someone答案详解1.考查情态动词。此句中有主语和谓语，在主语和谓语之间的空格缺少情态动词。前句中有may，而且根据句意：“带着笛子从一个班到另一个班仅仅上半小时的课似乎毫无意义。”推测这里也是不确定推测。因此正确答案为may。22.

考查让步状语从句。这是一个并列复合句。首先是but引导的并列句进行语意转折。然后判定前面也是句子，但是前面是两个句子，这两个句子需要用一个连词引导起来。根据句意：“即使你天生才华横溢，组织一支乐队仍然不是件容易的事，但这里有一个让你开始的快速指南……”，因此这里需要用到让步类的连词符合句意。注意此题在原文基础上有调整将原来的evenif/though引导的从句换成However从句，虽然都是让步状语从句，但是有异曲同工之妙。此题错误率比较高，很多同学没有通过上下语境理解这个句子，只从本句去理解填写连词，造成不必要的失分。23.

考查动名词。这里是where引导的从句作表语，就是表语从句，此句中已经有谓语动词comes，同时根据句意：“这就是长笛的来龙去脉，如果你能让长笛变酷，你就应该名利双收！”。后面句子中的if引导的条件状语从句可以忽略。这里需要用非谓语作主语，这是表示一般的动作，因此正确答案为playing。24.

考查介词。If引导的条件状语从句，在从句中有完整的主谓宾结构，而空格后面的名词和宾语都是名词，这里需要用介词。根据句意：“如果你有幸有一个带鼓包的乐队成员和重听的父母，你可以在家里免费练习。”因此这里用with。25.考查定语从句。这里which/that代替前面的先行词studio在从句中作主语。句意为：“否则，你需要找到一个当地的工作室，这可能是昂贵的。”26.

考查祈使句。

根据后面的including判定空格处的动词为谓语动词，而且没有主语，很容易想到是祈使句。而且根据句意：“均摊成本，包括为鼓手租用任何设备的成本，例如铜钹，你们一起摇滚，一起打鼓！”因此这里填写答案Divide。此题在原文的基础上有修订，将split改为divide，达到异曲同工之妙。但是此题的错误率非常高，同学们看到答案后才恍然大悟，原来的是祈使句。这也说明学生的基础知识不牢固。作为进入高中第一次所学的语法就是复习初中的句子结构成分，为复合句的深入学习铺垫基础。但是同学们往往只看表象，没有理解句法结构而陷入浅层学习中，导致这题失分非常严重。

此外，此题也是和学生的心理素质有关，认为给一个动词，直接填写动词本身，感觉不可思议，而不去看语篇文章的本身。这道语法题作为2021年的新高考题型的创新题，达到了出题的目的，区分了不同层度的学生的语言水平。这将为2022年的高考带来反思：扎实的学习，但是不带固定思维，从不同题型的语篇结构出发，深入分析考点的本质而不是只看表面。

今后的高考中还会出现类似创新思维的题项，结合真题做好反思总结，为考前的综合语言能力水平铺垫扎实基础。27.

考查过去分词。So后面的句子中有谓语动词meet，因此空格处的动词一定是非谓语。根据此句句意：“如果你要为一个工作室买单，你最不想的就是花时间互相攀谈，所以提前半小时见面，把所有的闲聊都完成。”这里是finish作get补语，且与前面的chatting之间是被动关系。因此用finished。28.

考查动词不定式。根据此句的谓语动词choose，判定这里是非谓语动词。根据句意：“每个乐队成员都应该为整个乐队选择一首歌曲，为排练做好准备。”这里用不定式作目的状语。29.

考查宾语从句。what引导的从句作see的宾语，也就是宾语从句。而且what是代词性质，在从句中也作从句主语genres的限制语。而且根据句意：“这将让你看到什么类型的作品为您的小组使用。”这里用what为正确答案。30.考查不定代词。空格前面是find,后面是who引导的定语从句，判定这里需要一个代词。根据句意：“。很少有人不羞于分享他们的前几篇文章，所以要友善！”因此这里用someone。2020年6月高考真题SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.IntroductiontoEnglishasaSecondLanguageTeacher’sBookOneoftheearliest-knowninventionsisthebowandarrow,whichisstillusedthroughouttheworldtoday,15,000years(21)________itwasfirstinvented.Ofcourse,thesedays,thebowandarrow(22)________(use)mainlyinsportingevents,butinsomeplacesitisstillameansofkillinganimalsforfood.InwesternAsia,anotherextremelyimportantinventionwasborn—theabilitytoproducepots.Aslongas6500yearsago,peoplewereproducingpottery,mostlyplainandwithoutdesigns,butthetechniquehaschangedlittlesince.Somepeoplesaythatthewheelisthesinglemostimportantinvention.Earlyexamplesfromabout5000yearsagohavebeenfoundintheforestsofEurope.Around1500yearslater,thePhoeniciansusedsand,limestoneandsodiumcarbonatetoproduce(23)________elsewhichwewouldbelostwithout-glass.Howmanythingsdoyoulockwithakeyeveryday?Doors,cupboards?Thecar?Wereallydon'tthinkmuchaboutthem,(24)________we?Well,thefirstexampleofalockandkeydatesbackto2750yearsago,inAssyria.ThisisalockonalargewoodendoorinthepalaceofSargonII.Anotheramazinginvention,whichweprobablytakeforgrantedthesedays,istheskillofknitting(25)________firstappearedintheRomanEmpire,some1700yearsago.The(26)________(early)examplesareknittedsocks!Eyeglassesdevelopedfromjustonelensinaframe,likeasimplemagnifyingglass,waybackinthe13thcentury.Inabout1290,theideatoputtwolensesinaframetositonthenosewasdevelopedinFlorence.And,believeitornot,themodemcontactlensis120yearsold! Timefliesandwespendalotoftime(27)________(check)howmuchtimewehaveleft!Thiswouldbeimpossible(28)________clocksandwatches,(29)________areallaroundus:onwalls,onourwrists,onourPCs,andevenonourmobilesandiPod's.ThefirstpocketwatchwasinventedbyThomasTompion(1639-1714)inEngland330yearsago,andhiswatch—facedesign,withtwo(andsometimesthree)handsmovingaroundasingledial,(30)________(remain)largelyunchangedinallthattime.【答案】21.after22.isused23.something24.do25.which26.earliest27.checking28.without29.which30.hasremained【解析】2l.after[解析]考查时间状语从句，bowandarrown.(一副)箭，句意为:号和简是最早的发明之一，在它被发明的15000多年后的今天仍然被使用。after+一段时间，引导时间状语从句，“在多久以后”。22.isused[解析]考查一般现在时的被动语态，beusedtodosth.表示被用于做某事，主语是弓箭，表示一类，所以be动词用第三人称单数，此外beusedtodoingsth表示习惯做某事。此句意为:它主要被用于体育项目中。23.what[解析]考查宾语从句，从句中的without后面缺少宾语，而且这个从句作produce的宾语。句意为:“大约1500年后，腓尼基人用沙子、石灰石和碳酸钠来生产我们失去的东西:玻璃。”因此，这里用what，相当于somethingthat.24.do[解析]考查助动词，在反问疑问句中，遵守“前肯后否，前否后肯”的规则，因此这里需要用肯定结构，且谓语的否定式为don’t，所以这里用do。25.taken[解析]考查过去分词，根据句了的谓语动词is判定，这里的take是非谓语动词，且与主语之间是被动关系，因此这里用taken。26.earliest[解析]考查形容词的最高级，The+形容词最高级+n，此处为:Theearliestexamples“最早的例子”。27.checking[解析]查动名词，根据spendtime(in)doing结构，这里用checking28.without[解析]考查介词，根据前一句的句意可知，在说计时的问题，“没有钟表和手表，不可能实现计时。所以此处壤without表示“没有”。29.which[解析]考查非限制性定语从句，横线之前说到了钟表和手表，横线之后说，“在我们周围的:在墙上和我们手腕上”，可知是对前一句话的补充解说，which引导的定语从句，修饰前一句话末尾的“clocksandwatches”，which充当主语的成分。30.hasremained[解析]考查现在完成时，inallhattime表示“在那段时间”根据句意:“第一块怀表是由托马斯·汤普森(1639-1714)在330年前在英国发明的，他的表面设计，两个(有时三个)秒针在一个表盘上移动，在这段时间里基本上没有改变。”2020年1月高考真题SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.TheBallGameofMesoamericaThesportknownsimplyastheBallGamewaspopularacrossMesoamericaandplayedbyallthemajorcivilizationsfromtheOlmecstotheAztecs.Theimpressivestonecourtsbecameastaplefeatureofacity’ssacredcomplexandtherewereoftenseveralplayingcourtsinasinglecity.(21)_________itismorethanjustagame,theeventcouldhaveareligioussignificanceandfeaturedinepisodesofMesoamericanmythology.Thecontestsevensuppliedcandidatesforhumansacrifice,forthesportcould,quiteliterally,beagameoflifeordeath.Thegame(22)_________(invent)sometimeinthePreclassicalPeriod(2500—100BCE),probablybytheOlmec,andbecameacommonMesoamerican-widefeatureoftheurbanlandscapebytheClassicalPeriod(300—900CE).Eventually,thegamewasevenexportedtootherculturesinNorthAmericaandtheCaribbean.InMesoamericanmythologythegameisanimportantelementinthestoryoftheMayagodsHunHunahpúandVucubHunahpú.ThepairannoyedthegodsoftheunderworldwiththeirnoisyplayingandthetwobrothersweretrickedintodescendingintoXibalba(theunderworld)_________(23)theywerechallengedtoaballgame.(24)_________(lose)thegame,HunHunahpúshadhisheadcutoff;aforetasteof(25)_________wouldbecomecommonpracticeforplayersunfortunateenoughtoloseagame.In(26)_________legend,afamousballgamewasheldattheAzteccapitalofTenochtitlan(27)_________theAzteckingMotecuhzomaXocoyotzin(r.1502—1520CE)andthekingofTexcoco.Thelatter(28)_________(predict)thatMotecuhzoma’skingdomwouldfallandthegamewasset-up(29)_________(establish)thetruthofthisboldprediction.Motecuhzomalostthegameanddid,ofcourse,losehiskingdomatthehandsoftheinvadersfromtheOldWorld.Thestoryalsosupportstheidea(30)_________theballgamewassometimesusedforthepurposesofdivination.【答案】21.Although/Though/While22.wasinvented23.where24.Losing25.what26.another27.between28.hadpredicted29.toestablish30.that详解如下：21.while/though/although【解析】考查状语从句。本空引导状语从句theeventismorethanjustagame，主句为itcouldhaveareligioussignificanceandfeaturedinepisodesofMesoamericanmythology，前后为让步关系。句意：虽然这不仅仅只是一场游戏，它可能具有宗教意义，并成为中美洲神话故事的特色。22.wasinvented【解析】考查过去时的被动语态。Thegame指theBallGame是过去被发明出来的，故用wasinvented。23.where【解析】考查定语从句。空前为主句thetwobrothersweretrickedinto...Xibalba(theunderworld)，空后为定语从句theywerechallengedtoaballgame修饰地点名词Xibalba，所以此处用关系副词where代替inXibalba在从句中作状语。24.Losing【解析】考查非谓语—现在分词。本句主语是HunHunahpús，谓语是hadhishead...off，losethegame与逻辑主语HunHunahpús是主动关系，所以用现在分词，losingthegame作伴随状语。25.what【解析】考查名词从句。本空后wouldbecomecommonpracticeforplayersunfortunateenoughtoloseagame从句缺主语，且本空在of后面，本空因此引导名词性从句，名词性从句缺主语，主语指事物的用what。26.another【解析】考查限定词。空后legend为可数名词单数，前面必须有修饰词；且上文已经提到了一则神话，本段内容为另一则神话，不确定数目的“另一个”用another。27.between【解析】考查介词。结合下文可知afamousballgame比赛是在theAztec国王和Texcoco的国王之间进行的，两者之间用between。28.hadpredicted【解析】考查时态语态—过去完成时。根据本空后that连接的从句，可知predict引导宾语从句，从句表述了预测的内容...kingdomwouldfall...,从句为过去时，预测的动作必然发生在过去的过去，因此要用过去完成，故用hadpredicted。29.toestablish【解析】考查非谓语—动词不定式。根据上下文可知，本空前文说特克可国王曾预言Motecuhzoma的王国将会灭亡，而组织这次比赛就是为了证实这一大胆预言的真实性，此处不定式表示组织比赛的目的。30.that【解析】考查名词性从句——同位语从句。空前Thestoryalsosupportstheidea，空后theballgamewassometimesusedforthepurposesofdivination刚好是idea的内容，符合同位语从句的特征，故用同位语从句连接词that。句意：这个故事也支持了球类比赛有时被用于占卜的观点。2019年6月高考真题SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.MillionsofBabyOliveRidleyTurtlesEmergeinOrissa Natureisfullofwonders.In(21)__________isoneofthemostbreathtakingsightsinnature,millionsofbabyRidleyturtlesbrokeoutoftheireggshellsunderthesandatoneoftheirmassnestinggroundsincoastalOrissa.ThebabyturtlesstartedtheirjourneytowardstheBayofBengal(22)______________________________theyemergedfromtheirnestinthesoutherndistrictofGanjam,about175kmfromBhubaneshwar. OrissaisthehomethreemassnestingsitesoftheOliverturtles,aspecies(23)__________(threaten)withextinction,andoneofthesites,Gahirmatha,(24)__________around70to80millionturtleslayeggsonthebeacheveryyear,isconsideredoneoftheworld’slargestnestingsites. Thefemaleturtlesdrag(25)__________upthebeachfromthesea,diganest,layatleastonehundredeggs,coverandconcealtheireggsandnest,andthenreturntothesea.Thefemalesnevervisitthenestagaintotakecareoftheeggsthat(26)__________(deposit)inthewarmsand. Thebabyturtlesemergefromtheeggsafter45-60days,thenthebabiesgrowwithouttheirmother,whichisararephenomenoninnature.Interestingly,itisonthesamebeachwheretheywereborn(27)__________thefemaleslaytheireggs. Intherecentyears,seaerosionhasledtomanyturtles'nest(28)__________(damage)ordestroyed.Also,somefierceanimalssuchasdogsandbirds(29)__________(reduce)thenumberofnestingturtles.Andofcoursemanhasalsohadanegativeimpact(30)__________usingenginepoweredfishingboatsneartheturtles'nestinggrounds.【答案】21.what22.assoonas(themoment/instant/minutewhenorso/aslongas)23.threatened24.where25.themselves26.weredeposited27.that28.beingdamaged29.havereduced30.by【解析】21.what[解析]考查宾语从句。根据句意:“在大自然中最令人叹为观止的景象之一数百万的里德利小海龟在奥里萨邦沿海的一个大型筑巢地从沙子下的蛋壳里钻了出来。”由此句意和结构分析可知，此处从句缺主语且做介词n的宾语，故用what作兼