2024届高考英语一轮复习基础自测Unit1PeopleofAchievement新人教版选择性必修第一册含答案

Unit1PeopleofAchievement基础默写Ⅰ.核心单词——写其形1.vitaladj.必不可少的；充满生机的2.boilvt.&vi.（使）沸腾；烧开；煮开n.沸腾；沸点3.obtainvt.（尤指经努力）获得vi.（规章、习俗等）存在；流行4.defeatn.失败；挫败vt.击败；战胜5.mostlyadv.主要地；一般地6.circumstancen.条件；环境；状况7.foundvt.创建；建立；把……建立在8.theoryn.理论；学说9.extraordinaryadj.不一般的；非凡的；意想不到的10.encountervt.偶然碰到；遇到n.邂逅；遭遇11.professorn.教授12.remarkableadj.非凡的；显著的13.sumvi.总结；概括n.金额；款项；总数；总和Ⅱ.拓展单词——通其变1.crucialadj.至关重要的；关键性的→cruciallyadv.关键地；至关重要地2.commitvt.承诺；保证vi.全心全意投入（工作、活动等）→committedadj.尽心尽力的；坚定的→commitmentn.承诺；保证；投入3.academyn.研究院；学会；专科院校→academicadj.学业的；学术的4.evaluatevt.评价；评估→evaluationn.评估；评价5.distinctadj.清晰的；有区别的→distinctionn.区别；特点6.acknowledgevt.承认；（公开）感谢→acknowledgementn.承认；感谢7.analysevt.分析→analysisn.分析；分析结果8.apparentadj.明显的；显而易见的→apparentlyadv.显而易见；看来；显然9.sciencen.科学→scientificadj.科学（上）的；关于科学的→scientistn.科学家10.concludevt.推断出vt.&vi.结束；终止→conclusionn.结论；推论11.noveln.（长篇）小说→novelistn.小说家12.relativeadj.相对的n.亲属→relativelyadv.相对地→relativityn.相对论；相对性13.gentleadj.温柔的；文静的→gentlyadv.轻柔地；温柔地14.gradualadj.逐渐的；逐步的→graduallyadv.逐渐地；逐步地15.consequencen.结果；后果→consequentadj.随之发生的→consequentlyadv.因此，所以Ⅲ.阅读单词——晓其意1.physiologyn.生理学；生理机能2.objectiven.目标；目的adj.客观的3.botanicaladj.植物学的4.propertyn.性质；特性；财产5.liquidn.液体adj.液体的；液态的6.infervt.推断；推定7.politiciann.从政者；政治家；政客8.numerousadj.众多的；许多的9.geniusn.天才；天资；天赋10.patentn.专利；专利证书adj.受专利保护的；有专利的11.passionn.酷爱；激情12.institutionn.社会公共机构；制度；习俗13.instituten.机构；机构建筑14.devicen.方法；装置；仪器15.draftn.草稿；草案vt.起草；草拟Ⅳ.核心短语——明搭配1.commitoneselfto（doing）sth.承诺；保证（做某事、遵守协议或遵从安排等）2.insiston坚决要求3.cometopower（开始）掌权；上台4.takeupaposition担任；任职5.sumup总结；概括6.flowchart流程图Ⅴ.经典句式——会运用1.Artemisininhassavedhundredsofthousandsoflives，andhasledtoimprovedhealthformillionsofpeople.（过去分词作前置定语）青蒿素拯救了成千上万人的生命，并改善了数百万人的健康状况。2.UponhearingthatshehadbeenawardedtheNobelPrize，shesaid，"Thehonourisnotjustmine.Thereisateambehindme，andallthepeopleofmycountry..."（upon＋doing/n.）当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时，她说："这份荣誉不仅仅属于我。我的身后有一个团队以及全国人民……"3.Hemadenumerouscontributionstotheworld，themostwell-knownbeingthegeneraltheoryofrelativityandthefamousformulaE＝mc2.（独立主格结构）他对世界作出了无数的贡献，最为出名的当数广义相对论和著名的方程式E＝mc2。4.ItisindeedanhonourforChina’sscientificresearchandChinesemedicinetobespreadaroundtheworld.（it作形式主语）中国的科学研究和中医药能够在全世界传播确实是一种荣誉。5.Whileworkingthere，outofastrongpassionforknowledge，hecontinuedtostudy，earningadoctorateinphysicsin1905.（whiledoing...）在那里工作期间，出于强烈的求知欲，他继续学习，于1905年获得物理学博士学位。语境自测Ⅰ.单词拼写（用本单元词汇）1.Rememberthatgoalsareflexible.Theycanchangeaccordingtocircumstances（状况）.2.Founded（创建）in1996，MuseumofLatinAmericanArtistheonlyartmuseumintheUnitedStatesdevotedtomodernandcontemporaryLatinAmericanart.3.Thispopularpsychologycoursehighlightsthedifferenttheories（理论）ofcreativity.4.Itmeanswehavethechancetoobtain（获得）informationabouthowthemoonisconstructed.5.Professors（教授），forthemostpart，arefirmlycommittedtoteaching，notresearch.6.ThedelicateChangxinPalaceLampdisplayedthewisdomofancientChinesecraftsmen，aswellasChina’sremarkableachievementsinscienceandtechnology2，000yearsago.7.Understandinghistoryisvitaltounderstandingourselvesasapeopleandasanation.8.IwasexcitedbecauseIknewweweregoingtowin，buttomydisappointmentweweredefeated.9.Theroarofapplausefromtheaudienceindicatedthattheperformancewasextraordinary.10.Weencounteredeverykindofdifficultywhenwefirstdevotedourselvestoscientificresearch.Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空1.Mymotherisagentlewoman.EverytimeIamdown，shepatsmybackgently，comfortingme.（gentle）2.ZhangGuimei，acommittededucator，commitsherselftoeducation.Hercommitmentispraisedbypeople.（commit）3.Losingweightisaslowandgradualprocess.Keepexercisingandyouwillgraduallyachieveyourobjective.（gradual）4.ThemagazineacknowledgedJosephasthebestwriteroftheyearandhewasawardedabigprizeinacknowledgementofhiscontribution.（acknowledge）5.Asachild，heshowedgreatinterestinscienceandwantedtobeascientist.Nowhisdreamhascometrueandhehasmadegreatachievementsinscientificresearch.（science）6.Theyconcludedfromthedatathatthenewviruswasmoredangerous.Scientistsfromothercountriesalsoagreedwiththisconclusion.（conclude）7.Asaconsequenceofglobalwarming，thesealevelisrisingandmanyspeciesaredyingout.Topreventtheconsequentdamagetotheearth，peopleshouldtakeactionquickly.（consequence）8.I’mreadingthenovelBrothersthesedays，writtenbythefamousnovelist，YuHua.（novel）Ⅲ.用方框内短语的适当形式完成句子commitoneselfto insiston sumuptakeupaposition cometopower1.Tosumup，nomatterwhatkindofchallengesIencounter，Iwillbravelyembracethefuture.2.Sincehecametopowerin2000，linksbetweenthetwocountrieshavebeentightened.3.Weinsistedonarefundofthefullamountforthebreakdownofthemachine，butthesellerrefused.4.PearlS.BuckcommittedherselftobringingChineseculturetotheWesternworldandwashonouredasthehumanbridgethatconnectstheChineseandWesterncultures.5.Helefthis