必修四module6知识点精讲及练习

Module6UnexplainedmysteriesofthenaturalworldTheburningdesiretosucceedThemotivationtosucceedcomesfromtheburningdesiretoachieveapurpose.NapoleonHillwrote,“Whateverthemindofmancanconceive1andbelieve,themindcanachieve．”AyoungmanaskedSocratesthesecrettosuccess.Socratestoldtheyoungmantomeethimneartheriverthenextmorning.Theymet.Socratesaskedtheyoungmantowalkwithhimtowardtheriver.Whenthewatergotuptotheirneck,Socratestooktheyoungmanbysurpriseandduckedhimintothewater.TheboystruggledtogetoutbutSocrateswasstrongandkepthimthereuntiltheboystartedturningblue.Socratespulledhisheadoutofthewaterandthefirstthingtheyoungmandidwastogaspandtakeadeepbreathofair.Socratesasked,“Whatdidyouwantthemostwhenyouwerethere？”Theboyreplied，“Air.”socratessaid,“Thatisthesecrettosuccess.Whenyouwantsuccessasbadlyasyouwantedtheair,thenyouwillgetit.Thereisnoothersecret.”Aburningdesireisthestartingpointofallaccomplishment.Justlikeasmallfirecannotgivemuchheat,aweakdesirecannotproducegreatresults.【助读词汇】1．conceivevt.怀有2．o...把……猛按进……3．gaspvi.喘息【佳句变换】1．whatever让步状语从句Whateveryouwanttobe,youcanbeitaslongasyoustruggleon.只要你继续努力，你就可以到达目标。Ⅰ.单词荟萃1.____________adj.吓人的→___________v．使惊吓，惊恐→___________adj.受惊的，受恐吓的→frightn.惊吓，恐怖2．existvi.存在，生存→__________n.存在→____________adj.现存的，现在的3．sharpadj.锋利的，尖的；急剧的adv.准时的→_______________adv.锋利地，急剧地→______________v．(使)锋利，锋利4.____________adj.神秘的→mysteryn．神秘，神秘的人或物5.____________vi.使适应，使适合；改编→adaptionn.适应，改编6．destructionn．毁坏→______________vt.毁坏7．unpredictableadj.变化莫测的→____________adj.可预言的；可预报的→___________vt.预言；预报→_____________n.预言，预报8._____________vt.象征，暗示→indicationn.指出；迹象；指示9.____________n．运气，命运，一大笔钱→fortunateadj.幸运的→____________adv.幸运地→_____________adj.不幸的Ⅱ.短语检测1.几乎；接近2.再次成为新闻3．不可能做某事4.对……表示疑心5．适应……6.逐渐消失；灭绝7．帮助弄清楚；说明某事8．开门见山；谈正题9.应用或适用于；喜欢；想法得到10．由于；因……造成11．了不起，真精彩12．与……密切相关13.根据普遍的看法Ⅲ.佳句再现1.He____________________aroundblackcreaturemovingquicklythroughthewater.他声称他看见一个黑黑的、圆圆的动物在水中快速游动。2.Theysaythatthelow-temperaturelake______________________________suchlargelivingcreatures.他们说，水温这样低的湖泊不可能存活体形如此巨大的动物。3.__________________________,ifyouwerebornintheyearofthedragon,youareintelligent,braveand________________________.根据普遍的说法，如果你出生在龙年，你聪明，勇敢，而且是天生的领袖。4.However,____________theborderinWales,thereddragonwhichappearsontheWelshflagis_________________,__________________________________________.然而，在边界那边的威尔士，出现在威尔士国旗上的红色龙却是一个正面象征，暗示着力量和民族认同感。单元语法：情态动词mayhave;mighthave1claimvt.(tostatethatsth.istrue,eventhoughithasnotbeenproved)声称；(demandorrequeststh.becauseitisoronebelievesitisone’srightorone’sproperty)要求，认领；索赔n.要求；索赔；声称；对某事物的权利 claimthat… 声称…… claimtodosth. 声称做某事【经典句式】Itisclaimedthat…据说……【活学活用】_________________somedoctorswereworking80hoursaweek.据说有些医生每周工作80个小时。2calmadj.(relaxed,notangry,nervous,orupset)平静的；镇定的；(oftheseawithoutlargewaves;still)(指海洋)无浪的，平静的【易混辨析】calm,quiet,still和silentcalm指天气、海洋等时，表示一种无风无浪的“平静”；指人时，表示镇静、平和的心情。quiet指没有动静，没有噪音，尤指没有骚动的安宁状态。still侧重于“不动，静止”。silent用于事物时，侧重没有声响，寂静；用于指人时，强调少言寡语。【活学活用】选择calm,quiet,still或silent填空(1)Pleasekeep___________whileItakeyourphoto.(2)Afterthestormtheseawas____________again.(3)Itisimportanttostay_____________inanemergency.(4)Can’tyoukeepthechildren_______________?I’mtryingtoconcentrate.(5)Hewas_____________foramoment,andthenbeganhisanswer.3adaptvt.(becomeadjustedtonewconditions,etc.)(使)适应；(tochangesth.tomakeitsuitableforadifferentpurpose)(使)适合；改编，改写 (1) adaptableadj. 能适应的，适应性强的；可改编的 adaption/adaptationn. 适应；改编本，改写本 (2) adapt(oneself)to 使(自己)适应或习惯于 adaptfrom… 根据……改写，改编【活学活用】1．根据汉语意思完成句子(1)She_________________thenewclimatesoon.她很快就适应了这种新气候。(2)Thenovel________________forradiofromtheRussianoriginal.这部小说已由俄文原著改编成播送节目。2．单项填空 Thesestylescanbe________tosuitindividualtastes. A.switch B.replaced C.adopted D.adapted4fortunen.运气；命运；(averylargeamountofmoney) 大笔的钱，巨款 (1) fortunateadj.幸运的 fortunatelyadv. 幸运地 (2) tellone’sfortune 给某人算命 tryone’sfortune碰运气 makeafortune 发财【温馨提示】当表示“财富”时，fortune是可数名词，常用其单数形式，如：alargefortune一大笔钱；而wealth是不可数名词，possessions表示“所有物”要用复数形式。【活学活用】(1)___________，hefoundthemoneythathehadlost.幸运的是，他找到了他丧失的钱。(2)HewenttoAustraliaandsoon______________.他到澳大利亚后，不久就发财了。1closeto几乎；接近；接近于 be/getcloseto 接近；靠近 beclosetodeath/tears/despair差一点死去/差一点哭出来/几乎绝望 beclosetodoingsth. 几乎/差一点做某事【温馨提示】becloseto中to是介词，后面加名词或动名词。【活学活用】(1)Severaltimeshetriedto__________theboyinthewater,buthefailedbecauseofwaves.好几次他努力去靠近水里的男孩，可因为风浪太大都失败了。(2)He_____________________intheaccident.他差点死于这场事故。2dieout灭绝；(风俗、习惯等)消失 dieaway(风、声音、光等)逐渐减弱；逐渐消逝；逐渐模糊 diedown 逐渐平息；逐渐减弱 dieoff 相继死去；先后死去 dieof/from 死于 bedyingfor 迫切需要；渴望【活学活用】1．根据汉语意思完成句子 (1)Thiskindofanimalis___________________inthis country. 这种动物在这个国家濒临灭绝。 (2)Theoldtraditions___________. 旧传统正在逐渐消失。3comestraighttothepoint谈正题；直入主题 (1)beside/offthepoint 不切正题；无关紧要 ______thepoint 切题；简洁中肯 keeptothepoint 不偏离主题 (2)beonthepointof… 正要…… (3)point_______ 指出 pointto/at 指向，指着【经典句式】Thereisnopoint(in)doingsth.做某事没有意义。【活学活用】(1)AsIwasinahurry，Iaskedhimto_____________________________atonce.由于我很匆忙，所以我让他立刻谈正题。(2)Iwas____________________whenthetelephonerang.我正要离开，这时响了。(3)Thereis________________________.再争论已经没有意义了。4gofor应用或适用于；喜欢；想法得到(某物) goby (指时间)过去，消逝；遵照或依照 godown 下降；减少godownwith…患病 goinfor 从事；钻研；参加 goallout 全力以赴，作最大努力【活学活用】用go短语的适当形式填空(1)IthinkI’ll______________thefruitsalad.(2)Don’tgiveup.Just____________it.(3)Astime_____________mymemoryseemstogetworse.(4)Ouryoungestboyhas______________mumps(腮腺炎).(5)Iwill______________tohelpyou.5dueto因为，由于 (1)becauseof 由于，因为owing_____ 由于，因为 asaresultof 由于……的结果thanks_____ 由于；幸亏；多亏 onaccountof由于；为了……的缘故(2) beduetodosth. 预定要做某事【活学活用】(1)Thepolicemansaidtheaccidentlastnightwas____________driving.警察说昨晚的事故是由于粗心驾驶造成的。(2)Hisbookis_________________inOctober.他的书预计在10月出版。1.Heclaimstohaveseenaroundblackcreaturemovingquicklythroughthewater.他声称看见一个黑黑的、圆圆的动物在水中快速游动。本句中不定式短语的完成式tohaveseen...表示不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。不定式的常见形式有三种：(1)不定式的一般式：todo，表示与主句谓语动词同一时间发生或动作发生在主动词之前。(2)不定式的进行式：tobedoing，表示与主句谓语动词同一时间发生，并且动作正在进行。(3)不定式的完成式：tohavedone，表示发生在主句谓语动词之前。【活学活用】①Heseems______________theexam.他似乎通过了考试。②Hepretended____________abookwhenIpassedby.我路过时他假装在看书。3．Fishermensometimesclaim________monstersinthesea.A．havingseen B．toseeC．tohaveseen D．saw4．Over80，000peoplearereported________inthe5·12bigearthquakewhichhappenedinSichuanProvince.A．beingkilled B．havingbeenkilledC．tohavebeenkilled D．killed2.There

have

been

reports

of

monsters

inLakeTianchisince

the

beginning

of

the

last

century,althoughnoonehasseenonecloseup.尽管没有人在近前看过，但是在上个世纪初就有关于天池怪物的报道了。【相关拓展】Therebe句型的其他变式结构：Thereusedtobe…/Thereseemstobe…/Therehappenstobe…Therelie(s)/stand(s)/live(s)/sit(s)+nTherebe句型的动名词形式或独立主格结构：Therebeing….Therebe结构的不定式形式：Theretobe….【活学活用】(1)________________________somepeoplewaitingatthebusstop.碰巧有些人在公交车站等车。(2)__________________nothingelsetodo,wewenthome.没有别的什么事可做，我们就回家了、(3)Weallexpect_________________enoughtimeforustostudybyourselves.我们都希望有足够的时间来自学。3.Whyshouldthedragonhaveadifferentcharacterindifferentpartsoftheworld.为什么在世界的不同地区，龙竟然有不同的特性。【要点解读】Should与疑问词连用表示不感兴趣、难以相信等。也可以表示惊讶、不以为然等情绪，用于某些句型中多表示〔“竟然”〕【活学活用】(1)HowshouldIknow?我怎么知道？(2)It’sstrangethathe________________________.很奇怪，他竟然会缺席。(3)Youcan’timaginethatsuchagoodstudentlikehim______________intheexam.你无法想象像他这么好的学生竟然考试不及格。Ⅰ.单词拼写1．A_________isthebestformofdefence.2．InWales，thereddragonontheWelshflagisapositivesymbol,i___________strengthandasenseofnationalidentity.3．Thefamouswriterisstill_________(思维敏捷的)inthoughtthoughhehasattainedtheageofninety-two.4．Itwas_____________(慷慨的)ofyoutoshareyourfoodwithme.5.Hehasa____________(积极的)attitudetowardslife.Ⅱ.选词填空bebackinthenews，beskepticalabout，throwlighton，bequitesomething，gofor1．I_________________whatIreadinthepress.2．Yourwords_______________thetruth.3.Thismonster________________.Peopleacrossthecountryaretalkingaboutit.4.Ifyouhaveadream,youshould_____________it.5.He_______________,havingachievedsomuch.Ⅲ.单项填空1．Thereisagreatdealofevidence_______thatmusicactivitiesengagedifferentpartsofthebrain. A．indicate B．indicatingC．toindicate D．tobeindicating2．Thegoodthingaboutchildrenisthatthey________veryeasilytonewenvironments. A．adaptB．appealC．attachD．apply3．Heneverdreamedabout________achancetogoabroad. A．thereis B．theretobeC．therebeing