高中英语语法之冠词

冠词的用法THEARTICLE冠词的用法：冠词定冠词不定冠词零冠词

(Article)(DefiniteArticle)(IndefiniteArticle)(ZeroArticle)Keystothein-classexercises1.x,a,the,the/an,a/the/x,the/x/x,x/an/the/x2.ateacher,money,furniture,people,taxidrivers,apples,water,men,books,snow3.uncountable:advice,baggage,equipment,furniture,hair,homework,information,money,weather2piecesofbaggage,some,piecesofhomework,someadvice,hair,anyKeystothein-classexercisesThepriceofanewtypeofanewbicyclecalledthe“ThomsonBike”is£7,500.Thenewbicyclegoesat40k.p.h.withevenanaverageriderridingit.Theridersitshigherthanusualandthebicyclegoesmuchfaster.Butisthisacomfortablewaytositandistheridercomfortable?“No”,saystheinventor,MelvinThomson.“Afteranhourtheriderwouldbetired.”Butpeoplewhohaveseenthenewbikealllikeitandallthepeoplewhohaveriddenitsaybikeslikethisarethebikesofthefutureandtheywouldbuyabikelikethis.顺口溜==|||一、定冠词的用法。特指双熟悉，上文已提及；世上独无二，序数最高级；某些专有名，习语及乐器。二、不用冠词的集中情况。以下情况应免冠，代词限定名词前；专有名词不可数，学科球类三餐饭；复数名词表泛指，三节星期月份前；颜色语种和国名，称呼习语及头衔。三节Children‘sDay儿童节

Teachers‘Day教师节Women'sDay妇女节

不定冠词的根本用法不定冠词有“a和an”两种形式。"a"用在以辅音音素开头的词前，而不是辅音字母前；"an"用在以元音音素开头的词前，而不是元音字母前，如hour，首字母为辅音，但第一个发音是“aʊ”，故用anuniversity虽首字母为元音，但发音以“jU:”开头，故用a1.用于可数名词的单数形式之前，表示"一"Thereisamanintheroom.2.表示一类人或事物,a+名词Atigercanbedangerous.也可用定冠词the+形容词〔代表一类人〕Thepoorarestillpoor.3.表示"某一个"的意思AMr.Wangwantstoseeyou.4.表示"同一"的意思Theyareofanage.Thetwoshirtsaremuchofasize.5.表示"每一"的意思Wegoswimmingfourtimesaweek.6.第一次提到的人或事物，但不特指是哪一个Longlongagotherewasanoldkingwhohadaverybeautifuldaughter.7.在感慨句what...的句式中Whataprettygirlsheis!8.用在某些表示数量的词组中：alotof许多acoupleof一对agreatmany很多adozen一打agreatdealof大量9．用在序数词前，表示“又一”，“再一”。Ihavethreebooks.Iwanttobuyafourthone.10.用语习惯用语中

allofasudden,Infact,asaresultalittle,agreatmany=averylargenumberofagreatdeal(of...),haveacoldhaveagoodtime，inamoment,afterawhile,inahurry,inaword,makeaspeech,haveagoodtime定冠词的用法1.用以特指某〔些〕人或某〔些〕事物，这是定冠词的根本用法ThisisthehousewhereLuxunoncelived.2.用于指谈话双方都明确所指的人或事物Openthedoor,please.3.用以复述上文提过的人或事物〔第一次提到用“a或an”，以后再次提到用“the”〕Ihaveacar.Thecarisred.4.用在序数词和形容词最高级前,或first,next,last,same,only等表示独特含义的词语前Januaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.ShanghaiisthebiggestcityinChina.WhenisthenextflighttoBeijing.HeistheonlypersonIwanttosee.5.表示地球、宇宙等独一无二的事物thesun,themoon,theearth,thesky,theworld6.在海洋、江河、湖泊、山脉、海峡、海湾等地理名词前thePacificOcean,theHuangheRiver7.指由普通名词构成的专有名词theWestLake,theGreatWalltheUnitedStates,theWTO8.表示地点、方位、具体的时间或某天的一局部等。intheeast,ontheright,intheafternoon10.和某些形容词连用，使形容词名词化，代表一类人或物thepoor穷人therich富人thesick病人thewounded伤员thegood好人thebeautiful美丽的事物11.the加单数可数名词可以表示一类人或事物Thehorseisausefulanimal.12.用于西洋乐器前〔民族乐器前不加〕playthepiano弹钢琴playtheviolin拉小提琴*中国乐器名词前不与冠词连用:playerhu(二胡)]13.用于创造物前，这时名词要用单数。the+n{创造物}必须是单数whoinventedthetelephone?14.与民族、国籍的形容词连用，表整个民族，所有国人

theChinesearebravepeople15.用在表示自然现象的名词前

therain,theair,thesnow.Don’tstandintherain.

但这类名词前有形容词修饰时，可用不定冠词，表示一阵，一场，一种

acoldwindisblowing.aheavysnowisfallingoutside.16.用在表示计算单位的名词前，含有“每，每一”的意思

Eggsaresoldbythekilogram.17.用在某些固定用法里：

inthemorning,gotothecinema,onthewayto,atthesametime,bytheway,allthetime注：用在人体部位名词前。

Heseizedmebythearm.(hit/strike/beat)+sb.+in/on+the+部位IhitTomonthenose/shoulder/head.Hestruckthethiefintheeyes/face.

(pull/seize/lead/catch)+sb.+by+the

+部位Sheledthecowbythenose.Iseizedherbythehand."零"冠词的用法

1.专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词前一般不加冠词〔在特指时要加冠词〕China中国Europe欧洲Money金钱water特指时加冠词thewaterinmycupisdirty.2.用于复数名词前，泛指一类人或事物，但特指时需加冠词Studentsshouldstudyhard.特指时加冠词Thestudentsareclever.3.月份、星期、节日前一般不加冠词〔在特指时加冠词〕January,Sunday,ChristmasDay,Thanksgiving比较：...onaSundaymorning.〔表示某一个。〕注:民族节日前要加the如:theSpringFestival4.三餐、四季前一般不加冠词,特指那么加Ihavelunchatschool.比较：Ihadabiglunchyesterday.〔表示特指〕Summeristhebestseasonforswimming.比较：IwillneverforgetthesummerwespentinHawaii.〔表示特指〕5.进行球类运动playbasketball,playvolleyball6.在职位或表示头衔的名词前。King,captain,president7.没有特指的不可数抽象名词Timeisprecious.比较：Thetimeoftheplaywas1990s.〔表示特指〕8.固定词组athome,atnight,onfoot,gotobed用与不用冠词的差异：gotoschoolgototheschoolinfrontofinthefrontofoutofquestionoutofthequestiontwoofusthetwoofusinfutureinthefuturenextyearthenextyearonearthontheearth去上学去学校在…前面在…的前部毫无疑问不可能的，办不到的我们当中的两人我们两人(共计两人)从今以后，将来未来第二年明年在地球上，在世上究竟冠词的特殊位置(1)

假设修饰名词的形容词受

too,

so,

as,

how,

however

等副词的修饰，那么通常将不定冠词置于形容词与名词之间：

It

is

too

difficult

a

book

for

beginners.

He

didn’t

know

how

great

a

mistake

he

had

made.

(2)

假设单数可数名词前有such,

what,

many

等词修饰，不定冠词应置于它们之后：

What

a

nice

coat!

I’ve

never

seen

such

ananimal.

Manyamanisfitforthejob.

注：“many

a＋单数可数名词”是一种较文的说法，在现代英语的口语或非正式文体中，通常用“many＋复数名词”代之。(3)

不定冠词与副词

quite,

rather

连用时，不定冠词通常置于其后，但假设其后的名词前有形容词修饰，那么不定冠词放在

quite,

rather

之前或之后均可以：He

is

rather

a

fool.

(

a

必须后置)

It

is

quite

a

[a

quite]

good

book.

。

但不能说：He

is

a

rather

fool.

(因名词前无形容词，所以错)

定冠词与quite

和

rather连用时，情况也是如此(即定冠词后置)：

You’re

going

quite

the

wrong

way.

你的路全走错了。

It’s

quite

the

most

interesting

film

I’ve

ever

seen.

(4)

与

both,

all,

half,

twice等连用时，冠词通常应置于其后：I

know

both

the

brothers.

He

left

half

an

hour

ago.

Yours

is

twice

the

size

of

mine.

冠词位置1〕不定冠词位置不定冠词常位于名词或名词修饰语前。注意：

a.位于such，what，many，half等形容词之后。例如：

Ihaveneverseensuchananimal.我从来没见过这样的动物。

Manyamanisfitforthejob.许多人适合这岗位。注：“many

a＋单数可数名词”是一种较文的说法，在现代英语的口语或非正式文体中，通常用“many＋复数名词”代之。”b.当名词前的形容词被副词as,so,too,how,however,enough修饰时，不定冠词应放在形容词之后。例如：

ItisaspleasantadayasIhaveeverspent.我从未这么快乐过。

Soshortatime如此短的时间

Toolongadistance距离太远了

c.quite，rather与单数名词连用，冠词放在其后。但当其名词前

前仍有形容词，不定冠词放其前后均可，如：ratheracoldday/arathercoldday。

He

is

rather

a

fool.

(

a

必须后置)

It

is

quite

a

[a

quite]

good

book.

。

d.在as，though引导的让步状语从句中，当表语为形容词修饰的名词时，不定冠词放形容词后。例如：Braveamanthoughheis，hetremblesatthesightofsnakes.

他尽管勇敢，可见到蛇还是发抖。

e.as/so/such…as…等结构中不定冠词的位置as/so…as…结构中，不定冠词一般置于as/so修饰的形容词后JenniferisnotsosmartagirlasIthought(Jennifer不像我认为的那么聪明〕such…as…结构中，不定冠词一般置于such之后，形容词之前。Weareinsuchadifficultsituationaswecameacrosslasttime.(我们正处在像上次遇到的那种困境地之中〕Hehasneverwrittensuchaninterestingbookasthat.(他从未写过像那本书那么有趣的书〕2〕定冠词位置

定冠词通常位于名词或名词修饰语前，但放在all，both，double，half，twice，threetimes等词之后，名词之前。例如：Allthestudentsintheclasswentout.班里的所有学生都出去He

left

half

an

hour

ago.

Yours

is

twice

the

size

of

mine.Exercise1.Everythingcomeswith___price,thereisnosuch____thingasafreelunchintheworld.A.a,aB.the,/C.the,aD.a,/2.—What____disappointmenttoseeLiuXiangquitehisgamein____29thBeijingOlympicGames!—ButIstillsupporthim.Afterallheisinpoorhealth.A./,theB.a,theC.the,/D.the,the3.Onthemoonit'stoohotin________dayandtoocoldat________night.

A.the;不填B.the;the

C.a;the

D.a;/4.Ittookme_______hourand______halftofinishthework.

A.a;a

B.an;an

C.a;an

D.an;aDBAD5.Aspaceshipfliesataboutelevenkilometres_________second.

A.a

B.an

C.the

D.不填6.Thepictureon_________leftismorebeautifulthantheoneon_______right.

A.不填;不填

B.the;the

C.a;a

D.an;an7.Thewomantookthelittlegirlby________hand.

A.a

B.an

C.the

D.不填8.Mr.Readpattedhimon________shoulder.

A.a

B.an

C.the

D.不填9.Alltheworkhadtobedoneby_______handwhentherewerenomodernmachines.

A.不填B.the

C.an

D.a10.Weshouldalwaysthinkof________oldand_______sick.

A.the;the

B.an;a

C.不填;不填D.the;aABCCAA()11.______recentreportstatedthatthenumberofSpanishspeakersintheU.S.wouldbehigherthanthenumberofEnglishspeakerby_____year2090.A.A,theB.A,/C.The,/D.The,a()12.Ifyougoby______train,youcanhavequiteacomfortablejourney,butmakesureyouget_____fastone.A./,/B./,aC.the,aD./,/()13.Itisoftensaidthat____teachershave_______veryeasylife.A/,/B./,aC.the,/D.the,a()14.Ican’trememberwhenexactlytheRobinsonsleft_____city,Ionlyrememberitwas______Monday.。A.the,theB.a,theC.a,aD.the,a()15.Ifyougrowupin______largefamily,you

aremorelikelytodevelop_____abilitytogetonwellwith______others.A./,antheB.a,the,/C.the,an,theD.a,the,theABBDB1.Theygotmuch_____fromthosenewbooks.A.ideasB.photosC.newsD.stories2.Ihavetwo_______andthreebottlesof_________here.A.orange,orangeB.oranges,orangesC.oranges,orangeD.orange,oranges3.EveryeveningMr.Kingtakesa_________tohishome.A.25minutes’walk