2022届北京市日坛高三一诊考试英语试卷含解析

2021-2022高考英语模拟试卷

注意事项：

1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。

2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。

3.请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。

4.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。

第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）

1.Recently,aprogrammercriticizedthe“996"workscheduleemployeesworkfrom9amto9pm,6daysaweek,

withtheprospectofendingupinanintensivecareunit.

A.whereB.whenC.whichD.whose

2.Allofasudden,thethiefwalkingbehindayoungandprettyladyherpurse,intothecrowd.

A.seizing;rushedB.seized;rushedC.seizing;rushingD.seized;rushing

3.—That'sthethirdtimeyou'vedonethat!

—Yeah,?

A.whatofitB.what'son

C.whataboutD.whatfor

4.TheydideverythingintheirpowertosavethebuildingdatingbacktotheQingDynasty,buttheirefforts

were.

A.inturnB.intime

C.invainD.inneed

5.—Areweabouttohavingdinner?

—Yes,itinthediningroom.

A.serveB.isserving

C.isbeingservedD.hasbeenserving

6.Afterthefire,wouldotherwisebeaculturalcenterisnowreducedtoapileofashes.

A.thatB.it

C.whatD.which

7.Don'tworry.Thehardworkthatyoudonowlaterinlife.

A.willberepaidB.wasbeingrepaid

C.hasbeenrepaidD.wasrepaid

8.—Didyouhavetodomuchforthedinnerparty?

一HeleneverythingbythetimeIgothome.

A.finishedB.wasfinishingC.wouldfinishD.hadfinished

9.Historicsitesimpresswriterswiththeiramazingbeauty,whichareagreatsourceof.

A.inspirationB.compositionC.occupationD.combination

10.Mr.Smartisbelievedtobeacapableperson,whoisequalchargeofthecompanyverywell.

A.totakeB.totakingC.tobetakenD.taking

11.Malenursesaredifficulttohireasmanymenrejectthisoutofthelong-existingdiscrimination.

A.onceptB.responsibility

C.identityD.personality

12.—Onlythosewhohavealotincommoncangetalongwell.

—・Oppositessometimesdoattract.

A.IhopenotB.Ithinkso

C.IappreciatethatD.Ibegtodiffer

13.Differenttastesamongtouristsfromoutsidethemainlandthelistofthecountry*sattractions.

A.topB.shapeC.leadD.show

14.Therearemanyfamousculturalrelicsinourcountry,manythousandsofyearsago.

A.datingbacktoB.datehackto

C.datedbacktoD.weredatedbackto

15.Thebosstheemployeesariseinsalaryforages,butnothinghasoccurredyet.

A.promisedB.hadpromisedC.wouldpromiseD.promises

16.Someexpertsfearthattoo-eadytocomputerswillhaveharmfulconsequencesforchildren'sdevelopment.

A.exposureB.extension

C.exhibitionD.expansion

17.WhileworkinginKunming,hecheckedtheweathereachmorningformonthsherealizeditwouldbethe

sameeveryday.

A.whenB.after

C.beforeD.since

18.Bythetimeherealizesthemistakehe,itwillbetoolateforhimtodoanythingaboutit.

A.hasmadeB.madeC.makesD.willmake

19.IthinkTomwillmakeagoodmonitor,I'dliketovoteforhim.

A.butB.for

C.orD.so

20.—Smokingshouldbebannedinpublic.

—・Itisharmfultoboththesmokersandnon-smokers.

A.rdlovetoB.It'smypleasure

C.PmwithyouonthatD.Ifsuptoyou

第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

21.（6分）Vinegarisgreat.Itmakessalad,friesanddumplingstastebetter;andyoucanevencleanyourwindows

withit.Andnow,accordingtoscientists,itmayevenhelptheplanefspopulationsurviveclimatechange.Researchers

fromtheRIKENCenterforSustainableResourceScience(CSRS)inJapanprovedthat.Theyfoundgrowingplantsin

vinegarmakesthemmoreresistanttodroughts.Thiscouldmeanthatinthefuture,worriesaboutclimatechange

affectingtheworld'ssupplyoffoodwillbemuchlower.

ThediscoverywasmadeaftertheresearchersstudiedtheArabidopsis,aplantknownforitsabilitytosurvivein

dryweather.Itwasfoundthatwhentheplantwasplacedindrought-likeconditions,itproducedachemicalcalled

acetate(醋酸盐)一themaincomponentofvinegar.

Afterdiscoveringthis,thescientistsexperimentedfurtherbyaddingacetatetothesoilofotherplantsbeforethey

stoppedgivingthemwatercompletely.Afterleavingtheplantsfor14days,theyfoundthattheonestreatedwithacetate

hadsurvived,whiletheuntreatedplantshaddriedupanddied.

It'shopedthatthissimplemethodofsurvivalcouldsoonbeusedtohelpfannersindrycountrieskeeptheircrops

alive.wIntheexperiment,wetargetedthestaplefoodsoftheworld—rice,wheatandmaize...andprovedsuccessful"

JongMyongKim,co-authorofthestudy,toldPopularSciencemagazine.

Kimhasalreadybeenintouchwithpeoplearoundtheworldwhoareinterestedintryingthissimpleand

cost-effectivemethodoutforthemselvesfromfarmerstocompaniesandamateurgardeners.wNowwearetryingto

cooperatewiththemtomakeamethodtoapplythissystem,andmaketheprocessassimpleaspossible,hesaid.

Hopefullythismeanstheendofhungercausedbybadweatherinthefuture.

1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph1referto?

A.Vinegarmayhelpcreaturessurvivebadweather.

B.VinegarisfoundinplantsbyJapanesescientists.

C.Vinegarisveryusefulforcookingagoodmeal.

D.Vinegarismainlyusedbypeopletocleanhouses.

2、ScientistsinJapanfindfromtheirstudiesthat.

A.theArabidopsiscouldsurviveindryweatherbecauseoftheshape

B.soilconditioncouldbechangedbypouringvinegarcontinually

C.theacetatecanbeusedbyfarmerstoreplacethesoil

D.theplantstreatedwithacetatecouldsurvivedryconditions

3、Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.It'stoodifficultforfarmerstoacceptthemethod.

B.Howtodecreasethecostisthemainissue.

C.Themethodispromisingespeciallyinagriculture.

D.Keepingplantsalivemeansalotforscientists.

4、Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.JapaneseScientistsFindaPlant

B.VinegarCouldEndHunger

C.VinegarandFood

D.PlantsNeedWater

22.(8分)InaworldfullofKatesandSarahs,youmightthinkifdbenicetohaveauniquenametohelpmestand

outinacrowd.BeingnamedStacia(pronouncedstay-sha)isnotsoluckytome.I'llgettheoccasional.wYournameisso

prettyHafterintroducingmyself,buteventuallymynamecausesmemorefrustrationthanhappiness.Forexample,

MicrosoftWordalwaystriestotellmemynameisn'tarealword.IwasneverabletobuyacheesyMickeyMouse

keychainfromDisneylandasakid(inotherwords,Ididn'thaveachildhood).Icouldn'tevenpronouncemyownname

correctlyuntilIwasfive.

Ioncehadaprofessorwhopronouncedmynamedifferentlyeachclass.AfterawhileIstoppedcorrectinghim,and

that'sbeenmyreactiontostrangerseversince.Inothercages,I'drathertellthecashiermynameisStaciandsaveboth

ofus,aswellasthepeoplestandingbehindmeinline,valuabletime.

Meetingnewpeoplegivesmeanxiety,andI'verealizedit'seasierjusttolieaboutmynamealtogetherincertain

cases.ActuallyIdid—somanytimesthatBrittanyisnowmychosen"goingout"name.Itmayhavecausedsome

confusionwithmyfriendsatfirst,whowouldletoutasmalllaughorconfusedlook,butI'vetrainedthemtokeepa

straightfacewheneverIcameupwiththisfake(假的)name.NowgoingoutonweekendsmeansIgettohaveashiftof

identity.

Frustrationsaside,beingtheownerofauniquenamehasmademeappreciatethelittlethingsinlife.Someone

pronouncingorspellingmynamecorrectlyonthefirsttrybringsmemorejoythanitprobablyshould.Ialsolovewhen

ImeetanotherStaciaandwegettobondoveroursharedstruggles.

ToanyotherStaciasreadingthis—Ifeelyou,girl.P.S.IapologizetoanyrealBrittanysoutthere.Thanksforletting

meborrowyourname!

1、169.Howdoestheauthoroftenfeelabouthername?

A.Annoyed

B.Happy

C.Disappointed

D.Proud

2、171.Whydoestheauthoruseafakename?

A.Toenjoyadifferentidentity

B.Tostandoutinacrowd

C.Tosavetimeandtrouble

D.Tomakeafoolofherself

3、173.What'sthereactionofherfriendsto"Brittany"finally?

A.Theyarelaughingather

B.Theyareusedtoit

C.Theyarestronglyagainsther

D.Theyareconfusedaboutit

4、175.Howdoestheauthorsoundwhentellingthestory?

A.Guilty

B.Cautious

C.Curious

D.Humorous

23.（8分）Thegoings-onintheconsultingroomhavebecomemoretransparent的）recently.Thank

goodness.Weknowmorethanthelinessuppliedbythemoviesinwhichthetherapistknowsallandgiveswisdomto

thosewho,sittingonacouch,consultwiththem.Therapistsareinterestedinhowtheindividual,thecoupleorthe

familyexperiencesandunderstandstheirdifficulties.Thathastobeastartingplace.Wecanbeofvalueifourfirstport

ofcallistolisten,tograduallyfeelourselvesintotheshoesoftheother,toabsorbthefeelingsthatarebeingconveyed

andtothinkandthentosaysomewords.

ThethinkingandtalkingthatIdoinsidetheconsultingroomisatoddswithmanyfeaturesofordinary

conversation.Notthatitismysterious,butitisn'tconcernedwithtraditionalwaysofsharingoridentifying.The

therapistmakespatternsandtheorizes,buttheyarealsoreflectingonthewordsthatarespoken,howtheyaredelivered

andhowthewords,oncespoken,affectthespeakerandthetherapistthemselves.

Wordscangivevoicetopreviouslyunknownfeelingsandthoughts.That'swhyit'scalledthetalkingcure.Butjust

aswordsrevealso,too,cantheyobscure,andthisgetsustothelisteningandfeelingpartofthetherapy.Whateverand

howeverthewordsaredelivered,theywillhaveanimpactonmeasatherapist.Imightfeelhopeless,Imightfeel

energized,Imightfeelpushedaway,Imightfeeldemandedof,Imightfeelpulledtofindsolutions.

Theinfluenceoftheotheriswhatmakesanyrelationshippossibleorimpossible.Atherapististrainedtoreflecton

howthosewhoconsultwiththemaffectthem.AsItrytostepintotheshoesoftheotherandthenoutagain,myeffortis

toholdboththoseexperiences,plusanawarenessofmyeaseordiscomfortwithwhatIencounterintherelationship.

Feelingsarethebreadandbutterofourworkintheconsultingroom.Theyinformormodifyourideasandthey

enableustofindanemotionalbridgetowhatcansohurtforthepeopleweareworkingwith.Alongwiththemore

commonlythought-abouttheoriesandideaswehaveaboutthepsyche,theyareanessentialpartofthetherapists

toolkit,certainlyforme.Thetalkingcuremeanstalking,yes.Italsomeansthetherapistislistening,thinkingand

feeling.

1、Theword“obscure”(paragraph3)isclosestinmeaningto.

A.cancelB.clarify

C.confirmD.hide

2、Whichofthefollowingisthewritermostlikelytoagreewith?

A.Patients^nfluencehasbeenneglectedbytherapistsfortoolongatime.

B.Therapistsneedtothinkfromtheirownperspectivesaswellaspatients9.

C.Itisnoeasyjobfortherapiststorealizehowuncomfortabletheirpatientsare.

D.Therapistshadbetterpushawaythosenegativeemotionsacquiredfrompatients.

3、Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?

A,Awarenessoffeelings

B.It'sgoodtotalkandlisten

C.Theoriesthathelptherapists

D.Whatisthepointofbeingatherapist

24.(8分)SteveandIpulledtrashforfoursolidhourscontinuously,exceptforaboutfiveminuteswhenwestopped

totalk.MyshoulderhurtbadlyeachtimeIputanotherfullbarrelonit,andmylegsoccasionallytrembledasIwas

headingforthestreet.Buttherestofmesaid,“Go,trashman,go.”

Icouldnothaveimaginedtherewouldbejoyinthis.Dump.Lift.Walk.Lift.Walk.Thehoursflewby.Saturday

meantmanypeoplewereoutdoorsworkingintheirgardensorgreenhouses.Mostofthemlookedapproachableenough.

Therewasn'ttimeforlengthytalksbutenoughtoexchangegreetingsthatgowithcivilizedways.But1wasshockedto

findthatthiswasn'tthecase.

WhenIsaidhellotothem,mostoftentheresponsewaseithernothingatall,orasurprisingstarebecauseIhad

spoken.

OnewomaninahousecoatwasstartledasIcamearoundthecornerofherhouse.Atthesoundofmygreeting,she

gatheredherhousecoattightlyaboutherandretreatedquicklytothedoor.Iheardthelockclick.

Stevecomplainedangrilyonthelongridetothedump:"Theydon'trealizewe'rehumans.”

IhadoriginallyplannedtostayatthisemploymentforonlytwodaysbutnowI'mgoingtocontinue.Ihavedecided,

too,tokeepsayinghelloinpeople'syards.Itdoesn'tdoanyharm,anditstillfeelsright.Frankly,Pmdoinganessential

task.IleftthiscountryalittlecleanerthanIfounditthismorning.Notmanypeoplecansaythattonight.

JohnGardnerwrotethatasocietywhichpraisesitsphilosophersandlooksdownonitsplumbers（管子工）isin

trouble."Neitheritspipesnoritstheorieswillholdwater:'hewarned.Hemighthavegoneastepfurtherandcalledfor

respectforbothoureconomistsandourtrashmen;otherwise,they'llbothleaverubbishbehind.

1、Howdidthewomanfeelwhensheheardtheauthor'sgreeting?

A.Doubtful.B.Embarrassed.

C.Frightened.D.Pitiful.

2、Attheendofthepassage,what'stheauthor'sattitudetohisjob?

A.Heisashamedofit.B.Heisboastfulaboutit.

C.Heisproudofit.D.Heisn9tseriousaboutit.

3、Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphmean?

A.Boththefacilitiesandthethoughtsofsocietymaygowrong.

B.Boththetrashmenandtheeconomistsshouldnotberespected.

C.Bothpracticeandtheoriesareimportant.

D.Boththepipesandthetheoriesmakesense.

4、Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.AnExperienceasaTrashmanB.TheTrashman

C.EconomistsandTrashmenD.Misunderstanding

25.（10分）MyFirstDayofSchool

Fearstartedtakingover,IwaswalkingintomyfirstschoolinAmerica.IhadtraveledalongdistancefromIndiain

ordertojoinmyparents,whohadbeenforthreeyears,hopingAmericawouldhelpmyfuture.MyfatherdecidedthatI

wouldbebetteroffgoingtoschoolhere,soIenrolled（登记）inthelocalhighschoolinmynewtown.

IwasafraidhowIwoulddo.Onthefirstday,IwenttomysecondperiodclassafterIhadmissedmyfirst.With

anxiety,Ireachedforthedoor,openingitslowly.Withoutpayingattentiontomyclassmates,Iwentstraighttothe

teacherandaskedifthiswastherightclass.Withasoftvoiceheanswered.^Yes.^Hisvoicecomfortedmealittle.He

gavemeasheetcalledCourseRequirements,whichIwouldnevergetinIndiabecausewedidn'thaveanythinglikethat.

ThenheaskedmetochoosewhereIwouldsit.Ididn'tactuallywanttopickaseat.InIndiawehadfixedseats,soI

neverneededtoworryaboutthat.Ispenttherestoftheclasstakingnotesfromtheimageproducedbytheoverhead

projector.InIndianschools,wedidn'tusethetechnologywehad.Wehadtotakenotesastheteacherspoke.

Itwasnoon.IwasveryconfusedaboutwhenIwouldhavelunch.IwenttomynextclassandthebellrangasI

entered.IwentthroughtheregularprocessofaskingtheteacherifIwasintherightclass.Shesaid,"It'sstillfourth

period.”

“Butthebelljustrang,"Isaid.

Changingfromagentletonetoaharsher（刺耳的）one,shesaid,"Thatisthelunchbell,youngman.”

Iapologized.WithoutanotherwordIheadedforthecafeteria.Ifeltluckybecausewedidn'thavethisinIndia.

EveryconfusionseemedlikeabarrierIhadtogetthroughtoreachmygoal.Attheendoftheday,Iwasonmywayto

thebuswhichwedidn'thaveinIndiaeither.Ispottedmybusandsatdowninsidehappily.Iwasthinking,todaywasn't

obad.

1、TheauthorattendedanAmericanhighschoolbecause.

A.hisfatherpreferredAmericanschools

B.hisfamilywantedhimtohaveabrightfuture

C.hismotherhadworkedinitfor3years

D.hehadbeenlongingtoleavehishomeland

2、Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor'sfirstdayofschool?

A.Hewenttothewrongclassforthesecondperiod

B.Hemetsomeenthusiasticteachersandclassmates

C.HegottheCourseRequirementssheetfromhisclassmate

D.HeexperienceddifferencesfromtheIndianschoolsinmanyways

3、Howdidtheauthorfeelattheendoftheday?

A.WorriedB.Puzzled

C・RelievedD.Excited

第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、

C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.

26.（30分）“Billy!ItisFebruary25,2099,seveno'clock.Timeto1andgotoschool.”saidtheclock-robot2

amentalvoice.Thenthekitchen-robotgavehimtoastandeggs.Billywas3Whilehewaseating,thewholewall_

4aTVscreenandBillythoughtthatitwasgreathavingrobotstodo5forhim.Billyatehismealwatchinga

TV6,Whenhefinishedeating,the7gavehimhisclothesveryfastand8him.ThenBillywentoff

toschool.

WhenBillywentoutside,hesawacarwithno9waitingforhim.Thecarsaid,“Hello,Iwillbe10you

toschooleveryday.Nowwouldyouplease11yourschoolIDcard?”saidthecar.SoBillyshowedthecarhis

schoolIDcardandgotin.The12begantotalktoBillyabouthisschoolandhisschoolwork.Afterthatthecar

said,“Iwill13yourhomeworktoday14youwillhaveavery,veryimportantlessonto15inschool

today.Pleaseputyourhomeworkontheblackboard.^^Billydidso.

ThecarcheckedBilly'shomeworkandthensaid,“Youarea(n)16student.Allofyourhomework

is17Whenthey18theschool,Billysaidtothecar,"Goodbye.Seeyoulater."ThecarsaidtoBilly,

"Goodluckinyourschool.^^Billygotintotheclassroomand19hisseatatthefrontoftheroom.Thenhisteacher

cameinandsaid,^Welcome,children!Todaywewillhaveahardbut20lesson—'Howdorobotshelpahuman

being?、.”

1、A.getupB.showupC.takeupD.dressup

2、A.inB.onC.withD.by

3、A.angryB.amazedC.worriedD.quick

4、A.changedforB.becameofC.lookedlikeD.turnedinto

5、A.somethingB.anythingC.everythingD.nothing

6、A.showB.screenC.setD.box

7、A.driver-robotB.clock-robotC.kitchen-robotD.clothes-robot

8、A.dressedB.cleanedC.pushedD.pleased

9、A.teacherB.studentC.robotD.driver

10、A.drivingB.accommodatingC.loadingD.holding

H、A.giveB.showC.sendD.lend

12、A.teacherB.driverC.robotD.car

13、A.checkB.prepareC.inspectD.do

14>A.ifB.whenC.butD.because

15、A.missB.learnC.studyD.check

16、A.energeticB.optimisticC.greatD.handsome

17、A.easyB.difficultC.correctD.wrong

18、A.rushedinB.gottoC.turnedtoD.leftoff

19、A.tookB.foundC.madeD.kept

20、A.easyB.importantC.boringD.influential

第二节(每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

27.(15分)TwonewsatellitesoftheBeiDouNavigation(导航)SatelliteSystem(BDS)L(send)intospacefromthe

XichangSatelliteLaunchCenterinSichuanProvinceonNovember19,2018.

Thesatellitesenteredtheorbit2.(safe)morethanthreehourslaterandwillworkwith17otherBDS-3satellites

alreadyinspace.Theyarealsothe42ndand43rd3,(member)oftheBDSsatellitefamily.Chinalaunchedthesesatellites

with4,aimofprovidingnavigationservicesforcountriesandregions5.participateintheBeltandRoadInitiative(倡

议）bytheendof2018.ThisisakeystepforBDSdeveloping6.aChineseexperimentalsystemtoaregionalandthen

a7.（globe）navigationsystem.Thepositioning合（accurate）oftheBDS-3systemhasbeenimprovedto5meters.9^（name）

aftertheChinesetermforthePlough（北斗七星），theBeiDousystemhasbeenservingChinafor18years.Thesystemis

expected10.（provide）first-classservicesaroundtheglobebytheendof2020.

第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）

28.（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，

每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A）,并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：L每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第U处起）不计分。

Oneday,Iwascookinginthekitchenwhilethetelephonerang.Iwenttoansweritimmediately.Shewasmyclosefriend,

Lisa.Whenweweretalkingonphone,thefirealarmsounds.Iranbacktothekitchenonlytofindtheroomfullof

smokeandthebeefbadburnt.Iquicklyturnedoffthegas,openingallthewindows,andthenwentoutofthehouse.In

mysurprise,thetwofireengineswereoutsidemyhouse.Iwasquiteworrying.Itoldthefirementhatitwasmycareless

cookingwhichcausedtheheavysmoke.

第二节书面表达（满分25分;

29.（25分）假定你是李华。你的外国网友Harry向你了解有关运动的情况，请你给他回复一封邮件，要点如下：

1.喜爱的运动项目；

2.当前练习的情况；

3.你对未来的设想。

注意：1.词数100左右；信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

DearHarry,

Nicetoreceiveyoure-mail.I'dlike