2022年1月北京普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语仿真模拟试卷B（解析版）

2022北京市普通高中学业水平合格性考试仿真模拟卷B

英语

一、听力理解（共25小题，25分。每小题1分）

二、完形填空（共15小题，15分。每小题1分）

阅读下面短文，从各题A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。

Forseveralyears,Americanshaveenjoyedteleshopping-watchingTVandbuyingthingsbyphone.

NowteleshoppingisstartinginEurope.Insome1countries,peoplecanturnontheir2

andshopforclothes,jewelry,food,toysand3things.

TeleshoppingisbecomingpopularinSweden.4,thebiggestSwedishcompanysellsdifferent

kindsofthingsonTVinfifteenEuropeancountries,andinoneyear,itmakes$10million.In

France,therearetwoteleshoppingchannels,andtheFrench5about$20millionayearin

buyingthingsthroughthosechannels.

InGermany,6lastyearteleshoppingwasonlypossibleononechannelforonehourevery

day.Thenthegovernmentallowedmoreteleshopping.Otherchannelscan7fortelebusiness,

includingthelargestAmericanteleshoppingcompanyanda24-hourteleshoppingcompany.German

8arehopingthesewillhelpthemsellmorethings.

Somepeopleliketeleshoppingbecauseitallowsthemtodotheirshoppingwithout9.With

allthetrafficproblemsincities,goingshoppingisnotaneasything.Butatthesametime,

otherEuropeans10likethisnewwayofbuyingthings.Theycall11"junkontheair.”

ManyEuropeansusuallyworryaboutthequalityofthethings12onTV.Theythinkhighquality

isthemostimportantthing,andtheydon,tbelievetheycanbesureaboutthequalityofthe

things13.

TheneedofhighqualitymeansthatEuropeanteleshoppingcompanieswillhavetobe14

theAmericancompanies.Theywillhavetobemorecarefulabout15ofthethingstheysell.

Theywillalsohavetoworkhardertosellthingsthatthebuyerscannottouchorseebythemselves.

1.A.EuropeanB.AsianC.AmericanD.African

2.A.lightsB.switchesC.radiosD.TVs

3.A.someelseB.anothermanyC.theotherD.manyother

4.A.SuchasB.ForexampleC.ForteleshoppingD.Itislike

5.A.takesB.costC.spendsD.spend

6.A.toB.untilC.unlessD.by

7.A.beginB.leaveC.openI).turnon

8.A.peopleB.womenC.businessmenD.officials

9.A.togooutB.goingoutC.tobuythingsD.buyingthings

10.A.stillB.don'tC.evenD.won't

11.A.teleshoppingB.TVC.radioD.telephone

12.A.appearingB.comingoutc.forsaleD.tobuy

13.A.intheshopB.onTVc.theyboughtD.bythisway

14.A.thesamewithB.differentfromc.asbigasD.largerthan

15.A.thenumberB.thequalityc.theplacesD.thebuyers

答案与解析

本文介绍了发源于美国并流行于欧洲各国的电话购物法，说明了电话购物法的发展情况以及受大众欢

迎的原因，同时也指出了这种购物法存在的问题，并提出了解决这些问题的途径。

答案简析

1.Ao上文讲到电话购物法在欧洲也开始起步，本句承接上文，对欧洲的情况作进一步介绍，因此，应选

European。

2.1)»电话购物法，应通过看电视选择物品，然后电话订购，故应选TVs。

3.Doelse为副词不用来修饰名词作定语。theotherthings意为“别的所有商品“不合文意，选项many

otherthings意为“别的许多商品”为正确选项。

4.B«suchas中的as为介词，因此该词组用于列举时，后面常直接接名词或名词性短语。而forexample

用于列举时与后面例子常用逗号隔开。因此B为正确选项。

5.Do分析句子，不难发现本句使用了“spendmoneyindongsomething”这■—结构，且主语theFrench

为第三人称复数，故应用spend的原形。

6.B。该句子表示“在德国，每天电话购物法仅在一个频道播放一个小时，这种情况一直持续到去年”，

表示某状态一直持续到某个点时间，应用“until+点时间”。

7.Co这里。pen表示“开放，开张，营业”，本句表示电影频道对电话购物实行了开放政策，可用来进行

电话购物。

8.C«很明显，电话购物法为商人销售产品提供了一个极佳的渠道。因此本句表达了商人的愿望。

9.Bowithout•为介词。后面应跟动词的-ing形式。根据文意，goingoul应为正确选项。

10.B,根据本句开头的But以及下文内容，这里提到的是对电话购物持反对态度的人。故选don't。

11.A«一些人不喜欢电话购物法，称其为"垃圾"。故应选teleshopping。

12.Co人们担心的是电视上正在销售的产品的质量。A,B意思不对。forsale表示“待售”，为正确选

项。

13.Bo电话购物法令人们担心的是电视上展销的商品的质量，而不是商店里的商品，也不是己经买到手的

商品。故选onTV。

14.Bo根据上文，欧洲人的购物观念与美国人有所不同。因此电话购物公司也得采取不同的措施。固定结

构bedifferentform意为"不同于."为正确答案。

15.B。根据上文，消费者关心的是质量。因此电话购物公司必须对质量倍加小心。故选择quality。

三、阅读理解（共20小题，40分，每小题2分）

第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A

WelcometoLondon!Nowletmetellyousomethingaboutthiswonderfulcity.London,thecapitaloftheUnited

Kingdom,isthebiggestcityinWesternEuropewithover7millionpeople.ItsitsbytheRiverThames.Londonhas

ahistoryofmorethan2,000years.Peopleallovertheworldarefamiliarwiththecity'sreddouble-decker（双层的）

busesandblacktaxis.

People

TheBritishEmpireusedtorulearoundtheworld,somanypeoplefromaroundtheworldmovedtoLondon.

Theyhavebroughtwiththemtheirownlanguagesandcultures.Morethan300differentlanguagesarespokenin

London.

Culture

Londonisknownforitsmuseums.OneimportantmuseumisBritishMuseum.Itistheoldestpublicmuseum

intheworld.TherearetwomainartmuseumsinLondon:theNationalGalleryandtheTateGallery.Besides,

Londonisalsohometoarts,suchastheatreandmusic.TheGlobeTheatre,whichwaspopularinthelate16thand

early17thcenturies,wasopenedforperformancesofWilliamShakespeare9sCentralLondon.

Touristattractions

Londonhasmanywonderfulplacestovisit.Forexample,thewell-knownClockTower,a320-foot-hightower,

wascalledtheBigBen.AnotherfamousLondonbuildingisBuckinghamPalace.Themembersofroyal（皇家

的）familyofEnglandlivethere.Besides,HydeParkisthelargestopenareaincentralLondon.

16.HowmanymuseumsarethereinLondonaccordingtothepassage?

A.Two.B.Three.

C.Four.D.Five.

17.ThemembersofroyalfamilyofEnglandlivein.

A.theBigBenB.BuckinghamPalace

C.HydeParkD.BritishMuseum

18.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassage?

A.ThelocationofLondon.

B.ThehistoryofLondon.

C.TheinterestingplacesinLondon.

D.ThefoodinLondon.

19.Fromthepassage,wecanknowthat.

A.morethan300differentlanguagesarespokeninLondon

B.theGlobeTheatrehaslessthan300yearshistory

C.theBigBenisa320-foot-highclock

D.LondonisthebiggestcityinEurope

答案与解析

16.B细节理解题。根据“Oneimportantmuseum...andTateGallery.”可知有三家博物馆。故选B。

17.B细节理解题。根据“AnotherfamousLondonbuilding...Englandlivethere."可知BuckinghamPalace是皇

室家族居住地。故选B。

18.D细节理解题。文章介绍了伦敦的人口、地理位置、历史、文化、景点，全文没有提及任何饮食问题。

故选D。

19.A细节理解题。根据第二段中“Morethan300differentlanguagesarespokeninLondon.”可知A项正确。

故选Ao

B

Teenagersbelieveanythingispossibleiftheystudyhard.Buttheyoftenforgettothinkabouthealthydiets,

enoughsleeptimeandexercise.Infact,thesethingsarereallyimportantforthemtokeepfit.

Itisimportantforteenagerstogetenoughenergy.Teenagegirlsneedabout2,200caloriesadaywhileboys

needabitmore-doctorssuggest2,800forteenageboys.50%oftheircaloriesshouldcomefromhealthy

food-rice,vegetablesandfruit.Peopleoftensayanappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway.Teenagersalsoneedto

drinkalotofwater,6to8glassesaday.Drinkingenoughwaterwillimprovetheirskin.

Teenagersusuallyneedeighttotenhours'sleepatnight,butmanyChineseteenagersdonotgetenoughsleep.

Areportshowsthatwithoutagoodnight'ssleep,teenagersseemtobeweakerthantheyshouldbe.Toomuch

homeworkisnottheonlyreasonwhyteenagersstayuplate.SomewatchTVorplaycomputergameslateintothe

night.Teenagersshoulddevelopgoodstudyhabits.Sosomecleverstudentsneverstudylate,buttheyareableto

workwellinclass.

Exerciseissomethingthatcanhelpthem.Expertssuggestthatteenagersshouldspendatleast30minutes

exercisingaday,fivetimesaweek.Theywillfeelrelaxedwhentheyexercise.Itcanevenhelpthemsleepbetterat

night.

20.Howmanythingsareimportantforteenagerstokeepfit?

A.2.B.3.C.4.D.5.

21.Halfoftheircaloriesshouldcomefrom.

A.rice,vegetablesandfruit

B.rice,vegetablesandmeat

C.rice,vegetablesandwater

D.milkandmeat

22.Thelastparagraphmainlytalksabout.

A.sleepingbetterB.basicenergy

C.necessaryexerciseD.moreexercise

23.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A.Boysneedmuchmorecaloriesthangirls.

B.Teenagersneedtodrink6to8glassesofwateraday.

C.Somecleverstudentsneverstudylate.

D.Theywillfeelrelaxedwhentheyexercise.

［主旨大意］本文主要介绍了学生学习固然重要，但是健康的饮食、足够的睡眠和锻炼是保持健康的重要因

素。

20.B细节理解题。根据"Buttheyoftenforgettothinkabouthealthydiets,enoughsleeptimeandexercise.In

fact,thesethingsarereallyimportantforthemtokeepfit.”可知，对青少年来说保持健康有三件事，即饮食、睡眠

和锻炼。故选B。

21.A细节理解题。根据“50%oftheircaloriesshouldcomefromhealthyfood—rice,vegetablesandfruit.”可知,

一半的能量来自米饭、蔬菜和水果。故选A。

22.C段落大意题。根据最后一段的第一句"Exerciseissomethingthatcanhelpthem.”可知，这一段主要讲述锻

炼的必要性。故选C。

23.A理解判断题。根据"Teenagegirlsneedabout2,200caloriesadaywhileboysneedabitmore—doctors

suggest2,800forteenageboys.“可知，男孩需要的卡路里比女孩稍微多一点，并非多得多;选项中的much与a

bit含义不同，所以A选项不符合文意;根据“Teenagersalsoneedtodrinkalotofwater,6to8glassesaday.”uj知

B选项符合文意;根据“Sosomecleverstudentsneverstudylate,”可知C选项符合文意;根据“Theywillfeel

relaxedwhentheyexercise.”可知D选项符合文意。故选A。

C

NBAgreatKobeBryantdiesinhelicoptercrash

ByLIUYINMENGinLosAngeles/chinadaily.com,c/?/Updated:2020-01-27

04:00

ElhanMiller/GettyImages

LosAngelesLakersbasketbal1legendKobeBryantwasoneoffivepeoplekilledinahelicopter

crashonSundayinSouthernCalifornia,accordingtopublishedreports.

KobeBryantJsdaughterGianna,13,wasalsokilledintheCaliforniahelicoptercrash,along

withherfatherandthreeotherpeople,asourcefromCNN.

AccordingtoCNN,theretiredNBAsuperstarandfourothersdiedinahelicopterwhenthey

wereflyingincrashednearCalabasasaround10amonSunday.

Therewerenosurvivors,andallonboardthehelicopterwerefounddeceasedatthecrash

site,saidtheLosAngelesCountySheriffJsDepartment.Aninvestigationisongoing,andthe

NationalTransportationSafetyBoardwillalsoinvestigatetheincident.

FirstrespondersonthesceneofahelicoptercrashinCalabasas.

CalifJan.26^020.LosAngelesCountySheriflsOffice

TheaircraftwasconfirmedtobeaSikorskyS_76E(helicopter).

CalabasasislocatedinthehillswestoftheSanFernandoValley.

AnativeofPhiladelphia,Bryant,whowas41,hada20-yearcareerwiththeLakers.Heentered

theNBAdirectlyoutofhighschoolandplayedonteamsthatwonfiveNBAnationalchampionships.

BryantisareveredathleteinChina.

TonyImbrenda,publicinformationofficerfortheLosAngelesCountyFireDepartment,told

ChinaDailyonSundaythatthevictimsofthecrashhaveyettobeidentified.

【文章大意】2020年1月26日，一代球星科比乘坐的私人飞机在加利福尼亚卡拉巴萨斯坠毁，包括科比

父女在内的五人全部遇难。

24.Whoreportedthenews?

A.KobeBryant.B.LIUYINMENG.

C.TonyImbrenda.D.EthanMiller.

【解析】选Bo细节理解题。由标题下面ByLIUYINMENGinLosAngeles可知，文章作者应该是LIUYINMENG。

25.Howmanypeoplediedinthehelicoptercrash?

A.Two.B.Three.C.Five.D.Eight.

【解析】选Co细节理解题。由文章第一句话LosAngelesLakersbasketballlegendKobeBryantwasone

offivepeoplekilledinahelicoptercrashonSundayinSouthernCalifornia,accordingtopublished

reports.可知，共有五人遇难。

26.Whenandwheredidthecrashtakeplace?

A.InCalabasas,Jan.26,2020.

B.InPhiladelphia,Jan,27,2020.

C.InPhiladelphia,Jan,26,2020

D.InCalabasas,Jan.27,2020.

【解析】选A。细节理解题。由第二幅插图下面的inCalabasas,Calif.,Jan.26,2020.可知答案选

Ao

27.Wheredoesthispassageprobablycomefrom?

A.Aguidebook.B.ATVprogram.

C.Atextbook.D.Awebsite.

【解析】选D。推理判断题。由文章标题下面一句话/chinadaily.com.cn/Updated:2020-01-2704:00

可知本文应该取自Chinadaily网站，故选I）。

D

（2017•浙江高考）

WhenIwasinfourthgrade,Iworkedpart-timeasapaperboy.MrsStanleywasoneofmycustomers.

She'dwatchmecomingdownherstreet,andbythetimeI'dbikeduptoherdoorstep,there'd

beacolddrinkwaiting.I9dsitanddrinkwhileshetalked.

MrsStanleytalkedmostlyaboutherdeadhusband,“MrStanleyandIwentshoppingthis

morning."she'dsay.Thefirsttimeshesaidthat,soda（汽水）wentupmynose.

ItoldmyfatherhowMrsStanleytalkedasifMrStanleywerestillalive.Dadsaidshewas

probablylonely,andthatIoughttositandlistenandnodmyheadandsmile,andmaybeshe'd

workiloulofhersyslem.Sothat,swhatIdid,anditturnedoutDadwasright.Afterawhile

sheseemedcontenttoleaveherhusbandoveratthecemetery（墓地）.

Ifinallyquitdeliveringnewspapersanddidn,tseeMrsStanleyforseveralyears.Thenwe

crossedpathsatachurchfund-raiser（募捐活动）.Shewasspooningmashedpotatoesandlooking

happy.Fouryearsbefore,she'dhadtoofferherpaperboyadrinktohavesomeonetotalkwith.

Nowshehadfriends.Herhusbandwasgone,butlifewenton.

Iliveinthecitynow,andmypaperboyisaladynamedEdnawiththreekids.Sheasksme

howI'mdoing.WhenIdon,tsay“fine”,shesticksaroundtohearmyproblems.She'slived

inthecitymostofherlife,butsheknowsaboutcommunity.Communityisn'tsomuchaplace

asitisastateofmind.Youfinditwheneverpeopleaskhowyou'redoingbecausetheycare,

andnotbecausethey'regettingpaidtodoso.Sometimesit'sgoodtojustsmile,nodyourhead

andlisten.

【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文，讲述社区邻里之间应该互相关心。作者曾经是一个报童，非常关心一位丧

偶的顾客MrsStanley,作者多年后又被自家的报童关心着。

28.Whydidsodagouptheauthor?snoseonetime?

A.Hewastalkingfast.

B.Hewasshocked.

C.Hewasinahurry.

D.Hewasabsent-minded.

【解析】选Bo推理判断题。根据第二段MrsStanleytalkedmostlyaboutherdeadhusband,“MrStanley

andIwentshoppingthismorning."she,dsay.可推测，作者第一次听到MrsStanley说这话时是

极为震惊的。因此答案选B。

29.WhydidtheauthorsitandlistentoMrsStanleyaccordingtoParagraph3?

A.Heenjoyedthedrink.

B.Hewantedtobehelpful.

C.Hetookthechancetorest.

D.Hetriedtopleasehisdad.

【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第三段Dadsaidshewasprobablylonely,andthatIoughttosit

andlistenandnodmyheadandsmile可知，作者倾听MrsStanley说话是为了帮助她。因此答案选B。

30.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedphrase"workitoutofhersystem”?

A.recoverfromhersadness

B.moveoutoftheneighborhood

C.turntoheroldfriends

D.speakoutaboutherpast

【解析】选Ao词义猜测题。根据第三段最后一句Afterawhilesheseemedcontenttoleaveherhusband

overatthecemetery.可知Stanley从丧偶悲痛中走出来。因此，画线部分描述的是她想“消除自己的

悲伤情绪”。因此答案选A。

31.Whatdoestheauthorthinkpeopleinacommunityshoulddo?

A.Openuptoothers.

B.Dependoneachother.

C.Payforothers'help.

D.Careaboutoneanother.

【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段Youfinditwheneverpeopleaskhowyou'redoingbecause

theycare,andnotbecausethey'regettingpaidtodoso.以及本文所讲的故事：作者以前关心Mrs

Stanley,后来又被自家的送报员所关心。由此可推断作者想要表明的观点：社区邻里间应该互相关心。因

此答案选Do

第二节

阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息,

完成对该问题的回答，答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。

Onceakinggottwonicefalcons（猎鹰）fromhisson.Hehadneverseensuchbeautifulfalcons

before.Helovedthemsomuchandheorderedthebestfalconertotrainthemtofly.

Afterseveralmonths,thekingcametoseehowthetrainingwasgoing.Hefoundthatonefalcon

hadalreadybeenabletoflyhighinthesky,whiletheotherwasstayingonthebranch（树枝）

ofatreequietly,justkeepingstill.

Thekingcalledallhisfalconerstogetherandorderedthemtotryeverywaytheycouldtomake

theotherfalconfly.Butnoneofthemsucceeded.Oneday,whilethekingwastakingawalkin

theforest,anideacametohismind.Maybesomeonewhoknewthenaturalenvironmentwellcould

solvethisproblem.Hesentforafarmerwholivedintheforestintohispalacetotrainitat

once.

Thenextmornings,thekingsawtheotherfalconflyingaboveintheskyfreely."Itis

unbelievable!shoutedtheking."Howcouldyoumakeithappen?v

Thefarmerreplied,"It'sveryeasy.Ijustcutoffthebranchwherethefalconrested.”

Itisalwaysthesametohumanbeings.Weallhave“twoflyingwings“inourheartsaswell,

butweoftenseemnottononoticethemandstaywherewearejustforsafetyandcomfort.We

won'trealizewecanflysohighandfreelyuntilthe“branch”wearerestingonbreaks.

根据短文内容，回答下列问题。

32.Whatdidthekingdoafterhegottwofalcons?（不多于10个词）

33.Wherewastheotherfalconstaying?（不多于7个词）

34.Whofinallymadetheotherfalconflyinthesky?（不多于10个词）

35.Howdidthekingfeelwhenhesawtheotherfalconflyfreelyinthesky?（不多于3个词）

【答案】

32.Heorderedthebestfalconertotrainthemtofly.

33.Onthebranchofatree.

34.Afarmer.

35.Surprised./Shocked^,

【解析】

本篇讲述了一位国王得到2只猎鹰，一只在训练后会飞，一只不飞总停在枝头，后来一位农民砍掉这只猎

鹰歇息的树枝，这只猎鹰终于飞起来。这个故事告诉我们，人也会像猎鹰一样，不到树枝断掉的时候，不

会意识到自己能飞多高。

【32题详解】

根据第一段“He1ovedthemsomuchandheorderedthebestfalconertotrainthemtofly.可

知他命令最好的猎鹰师训练他们飞行,故答案为Heorderedthebestfalconertotrainthemtofly.

【33题详解】

根据第二段awhiletheotherwasstayingonthebranchw可知它停留在一棵树的枝上，故答案为Onthe

branchofatree./Itwasstayingonthebranchofatree.

【34题详解】

根据第三、四段“Hesentforafarmerwholivedintheforestintohispalacetotrainitatonce.

Thenextmornings,thekingsawtheotherfalconflyingaboveintheskyfreely”可知是一个农

民让鹰飞起来，故答案为Afarmer.

【35题详