2021新高考英语人教版一轮复习课时作业必修5Unit2TheUnitedKingdom

Unit2TheUnitedKingdom课时作业Ⅰ.阅读(2020·云南省曲靖市第一中学高考复习质量监测(三))Britishscientistsseekingtoprotecttheenvironmenthavedesignedabiodegradablemobilephonecoverthatbreaksdowninsoilwhendiscardedandsprouts(发芽)aflowerfromaseedputinsidethecase.ResearchersattheUniversityofWarwickincentralEnglandsaidthenoveldevice,madefromaspeciallydesignedpolymer(聚合材料),isablessingfortheenvironmentalists.Millionsofmobilephonesarethrownawayeveryyearastheindustryproduceslargequantitiesofnewmodelswithoutcaringaboutthequality.“Itisreallyoriginalinthephoneindustryandconsumersarehappybecausetheyfeeltheyaredoingsomethingforthelocalenvironment，”saidKerryKirwanfromtheuniversityofWarwick.Designershavemadethehesitantusersfeelsurethattheseed,putintoatransparentwindow,onlysproutswhenthephonecoverisdiscarded.“Weputsunflowerseedsintothecoversofthesamples,butweareworkingwithgardeningresearcherstoidentifywhichotherflowerswouldperformbest.Maybewecouldputpoppies(虞美人)orrosesnexttime，”saidKirwan.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一款新颖的有利于环保的壳。1．Whyisthenewmobilephoneunique?A．Itispopularwithyoungpeople.B．Itisenvironmentallyfriendly.C．Theusercanmakeitflowerwheneverheorshelikes.D．Itscolourisbeautiful.答案：B细节理解题。根据第一段第二句和第二段第二句可知，这款的新颖、独特之处在于它有利于环保。故选B。2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“discarded”mean?A．Thrownaway. B．Updated.C．Cleaned. D．Replaced.答案：A词义猜测题。从第一段第一句可推出这款壳只有先遗弃在土壤中，然后才会在土壤中分解，发芽。并且，从第二段第一句中的“thrownaway”也可得知discard是“扔掉，遗弃”的意思。故选A。3．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．GoodNewsforEnvironmentalistsB．PromisingMobilePhoneC．ChangingWastesintoValuablesD．FloweringMobilePhone答案：D标题判断题。根据第一段第一句可知，本篇文章的主旨是介绍这款的新颖之处，它的外壳遗弃在土壤中能分解，能使种子开花从而有利于环保。D选项符合题意，且增强文章的趣味性。4．Inwhichsectionofamagazinemaythistextappear?A．Entertainment. B．Scienceandtechnology.C．Education. D．Health.答案：B推理判断题。从文章的写作风格及内容(介绍了一款新科技的)可知选B。【词汇积累】①biodegradableadj.可生物降解的②noveladj.新颖的③identifyv.确认④millionsof无数的……【长难句分析】Millionsofmobilephonesarethrownawayeveryyearastheindustryproduceslargequantitiesofnewmodelswithoutcaringaboutthequality.每年都有数百万的被丢弃，因为行业在不考虑质量的情况下生产了大量的新款。分析：此句是主从复合句。as引导原因状语从句。Ⅱ.完形填空IcanstillrememberthefirsttimethatIdecidedtohelpachildfromthePhilippines.The__1__thathelpinghergivesme,however,isbeyond__2__.Itconnectsmetoher,tolife,__3__tolove.Iwasonlyateenagermyselfandhadalittleextra__4__eachmonth.Ididn'tfeellike__5__anything,though.Wehad__6__everythingwehadinahousefireafewyearsbefore.__7__thathadtaughtmealot.IhadlearnedthatIdidn'tneedalotof“stuff”tobe__8__.Ihadalsoreadalotaboutthe__9__ofchildreninpoorcountriesaroundtheworld.ItseemedlikeafarbetterthingthentogivewhatIcouldtohelpthem.Withmymom'sloveand__10__，IsoonfoundafeworganizationslikeChildrenInternationalthatwere__11__othersaroundtheworld.Itfeltsogoodbeingabletoreachoutandhelpanother__12__.Itfeltsogoodbeingabletomakeevenonelifebetter.Icouldfeelthepassionand__13__growingwithinmeandbeginningtochangeme.Empathy(同情)doeschangeus.Ithelpsusto__14__，tobekind,andtomakethisworlda__15__place.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者资助外国小孩儿的故事，告诉我们这样一个道理：同情心让我们去爱别人，让我们变得更加善良，也会让这个世界变得更加美好。1．A.wealth B．anxietyC．challenge D．joy答案：D“我”自愿帮助她，而帮助她给“我”带来了快乐(joy)。故选D。2．A.imagination B．plaintC．price D．reach答案：C帮助她给“我”带来的快乐是无价的。beyondprice“无价的；宝贵的”。故选C。3．A.but B．andC．so D．or答案：B“toher,tolife”和“tolove”为并列关系。它将“我”和她、生活以及爱联系在一起。故选B。4．A.money B．timeC．energy D．labor答案：A根据语境可知，作者年少时，每月会有一点额外的零花钱(money)。故选A。5．A.doing B．buyingC．facing D．missing答案：B虽然有点零花钱，但是“我”不想买(buying)任何东西。故选B。6．A.stored B．foundC．lost D．searched答案：C几年前家里着火，我们失去了(lost)一切。故选C。7．A.Puttingaside B．TakingonC．Payingfor D．Goingthrough答案：Dputaside“把……放在一边；储存……备用”；takeon“呈现”；payfor“为……付钱”；gothrough“经历”。句意：经历了那件事让我学会了很多。故选D。8．A.happy B．relaxedC．energetic D．positive答案：A“我”不需要拥有很多东西就能快乐(happy)。故选A。9．A.education B．sufferingC．tale D．anger答案：B由“childreninpoorcountriesaroundtheworld”可知，作者也了解到了生活在贫穷国家的孩子所遭遇的不幸。suffering“苦难；痛苦”。故选B。10．A.courage B．beliefC．support D．faith答案：C句意：在母亲的爱与支持(support)下，我找到了一些如国际儿童等这样的组织。故选C。11．A.treating B．praisingC．honoring D．serving答案：D根据前文作者通过捐赠来帮助他们可知，作者找到的这些组织是为全世界的人们服务(serving)的。故选D。12．A.inneed B．inpeaceC．infear D．insilence答案：Ainneed“处于危难中；在穷困中”，是固定短语。句意：能够伸出援手帮助处在穷困中的人，让自己感觉很好。故选A。13．A.relief B．empathyC．ease D．guilty答案：B“我”可以感受到自己的怜悯之心和同情心(empathy)正在慢慢改变着自己。and表示并列关系，前后词意应一致，下段第一句也是提示。故选B。14．A.donate B．thinkC．love D．study答案：C同情心帮助我们去爱(love)别人。故选C。15．A.bigger B．saferC．smaller D．better答案：D句意：同情心帮助我们去爱别人，让我们变得更加善良，也会让这个世界变得更加美好(better)。故选D。Ⅲ.七选五(2020·内蒙古鄂尔多斯市第一中学高三月考)FoursimplestepstobetrulythankfulThanksgivingismorethanpieandturkey.It'sabouthelpingandlovingthefamily,friendsandworldaroundyou.Thefollowingtipswillhelpyoushowyourthankfulness.1．FamilyAlotcanhappeninayear.Yourfamilymayhaveaddedsomelovedonesandlostsomeatthesametime.__1__，andletyourfamilyknowhowimportanttheyaretoyouandhowgladyouarethatyouallcouldgettogether.2．FriendsDowhatyoualwaysdo—throwaparty.Incollege,ChicagonativesHeatherandNosheenthrewadinnerpartyfortheirfriendsonThanksgivingandcameupwithHANTDE:HeatherandNosheen'sThanksgivingDayExtravaganza.__2__.“HANDTEisareuniontimethatwealllookforwardtoeveryyear，”Heathersays.“__3__，soHANTDEhasbeeatimetoseeandbewitheachother.”3．munity(社区)Youcouldvolunteeratalocalsoupkitchenorbringunuseditemstoafoodbank.__4__.Thisyear,HeatherandNosheenareaskingtheirHANTDEgueststoofferadonation,whichtheywilldonatetohelplow－inefamilies.4．Self__5__，forexample,thedebtsyoupaidofforthefriendsyou'vemade.Beingabletogivethanksforyourselfandwhatyou'vedoneisthefirststeptobeingabletoshowthankfulnesstoothers.A．StopracingforthenextraiseB．LookbackonyourrecentachievementsC．TakethetimetoraiseaglassduringdinnerD．YoucouldalsoturnyourcelebrationintoagoodcauseE．Wehavejobsnowanddon'tseeeachotherthatmuchF．WhatstartedintheirdormroomnowisayearlytraditionG．Perhapsafamilymemberisfightingagainstadeadlydisease篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了感恩节需要表达感谢的几个对象。1．C根据设空处后一句“letyourfamilyknowhowimportanttheyare”可知，设空处是为达目的要采取的行动，所以C选项中符合要达到这一目的所需的行动，故选C。2．F设空处下文出现“everyyear”，选项F中的yearly和这一词汇是同义词，属于词汇复现，据此可知，F符合题意。3．E根据设空处后出现的“...beeatimetoseeandbewitheachother”可知，设空处应该是“don'tseeeachotherthatmuch”，这样前后才能呼应，故选E。4．D根据设空处前出现的volunteer以及设空处后出现的donation可知，本段讲在社区做慈善事业。故选D。5．B设空处为段首句，这一段的小标题就是段落主旨，给出的建议是要先学会感谢自己，才能对别人表达感谢。在七个选项中B选项是要回顾自己的近期成就，有了回顾才能总结感谢自己，故选B。Ⅳ.读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。OntheChristmasof1949wedidn'thaveatree.Mydadhadasmuchprideasanybody,Isuppose,sohewouldn'tjustsaythatwecouldn'taffordone.WhenImentionedit,mymothersaidthatweweren'tgoingtohaveonethisyear.IwantedatreebadlyandIthoughtthatifwehadone,everybodywouldfeelbetter.AboutthreedaysbeforeChristmas,itwasverylateanditwassnowing.Iwenttoanapartmentbuildingtotrytocatchacustomerwhohadn'tpaidmeformynewspapersfornearlytwomonths—sheowedmesevendollars.Muchtomysurprise,shewasathome.Sheinvitedmein,andnotonlydidshepayme,butalsogavemeadollartip!Itwasawindfallforme—Inowhadeightwholedollars.Whathappenednextwastotallyunplanned.Onthewayhome,IwalkedpastaChristmastreeshopandanideahitme.Therewasarealnicetree.Ithadbeenaveryexpensivetreeandnoonehadboughtit.NowitwassoclosetoChristmasthatthemanwasafraidnoonewouldbuyit.Hewantedtendollarsforit,butwhenI—inmychildishinnocence—toldhimIonlyhadeight,hesaidhemightsellitforthat.Ireallydidn'twanttospendthewholeeightdollarsonthetree,butitwassoprettythatIfinallyagreed.Idraggeditallthewayhome,aboutamile.AlongthewayItriedhardnottodamageitorbreakoffanybranches.ItwasstillinprettygoodshapewhenIgothome.Ipropped(支撑)itupagainsttherailing(栅栏)onourfrontporch(走廊)andwentin.MyheartwasburstingasIannouncedthatIhadasurprise.DadandIbroughtthetreeinandwemadeastandforit.写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。1949年的圣诞节，作者的家里买不起圣诞树，作者想办法凑钱买到一棵十分漂亮的圣诞树，却又很担心和害怕父亲对