2021-2022学年山东省泰安市肥城第一高级中学高一（下）期末英语试卷（附答案详解）

=2021-2022学年山东省泰安市肥城第一高级中学高一（下）

期末英语试卷

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）

A

IfyouwanttobringyourcatalongonaweekendbreaksomewhereintheUK,wherearethe

bestplacestogo?

TheRedcoatsFarmhouseHotel,Hitchin

TheRedcoatsFarmhouseHoteloffershome-cookedfoodandcomfortablebedrooms.The

historiccountryhouseissetinfouracresofgardens,withscenicviewsacrossHertfordshire's

countryside.Smallpetsareallowed,butmakesuretheyarewell-behaved.Andtheyarenot

allowedonthebeds.Iftheycauseanyextradamageormess,likemud,thentherewillbeanextra

charge.

TheTiggersCottage,Berkshire

TheTiggersisabeautiful,180-year-old,blackandwhiteTudorcottagelocatedwithina

moment'swalkofprettyBrayHighStreetwithlovelyviewsoverthegardens.Yourcatwill

lovethecoalfireplaceandtheowner'stwopetdogs,SambucaandTruffle,arealwaysonhandto

joinyouforawalkifyourcatwouldratherenjoytheenclosedgarden.

TheJackRusselInn,Andover

TheJackRussellInnwelcomesallformsoffour-leggedfriends.Withnaturalbeautyand

wildlifeinthesuiToundingareas,thislovelyplacealsoofferslocalfoodthatcelebratesgreat

Britishproduce.Nottomentionthewarmunderfloorheatingyouandyourcatwillwanttorest

on.

TheRoastOxInn,Wales

LocatedinPainscastle,Wales,thiscat-friendlyInnofferswonderfulsightsofnatural

beauty,fromrivers,forestsandmountains,tonearbymarkettowns.Thehoteloffersbedrooms

withsuper-kingsizedbeds,andacatMichael,theowner'spet,whoisalwaysonhandto

welcomeguests.

Clickheretobookastay.

1.WhatdoTheTiggersCottageandTheRoastOxInnhaveincommon?

A.Theybothhavealonghistory.

B.Thelargebedroomsareprovided.

C.Theyarebothnearthemarkettowns.

D.Theowners1petsarefriendlytoguests.

2.Whichplaceoffersagoodheatingsystem?

A.TheRoastOxInn.B.TheTiggersCottage.

C.TheJackRusselInn.D.TheRedcoatsFarmhouseHotel.

3.Wherecanreadersfindthistext?

A.Fromalocalmagazine.B.Fromatravelbook.

C.Fromanewspaper.D.Fromawebpage.

JessicaLong,fromBaltimore,Maryland,USAisachampionbyalldefinitionsoftheword.She

isoneoftheworld'smostdecoratedswimmers.Jessicawastheyoungestathletetowina

Paralympics（残奥会）medal.Butherpathtobecomingachampionhasbeenanythingbut

easy.

JessicawasborninIrkutsk,Russiawithasevereandraredisease-fibularhemimelia（腓侧半

肢畸形）.Thismeansthatpartofherlegboneswasmissingorabnormal.Becauseofthat,her

youngmotherplacedherinaRussianorphanage（孤儿院）,fearingshecouldnotcarefor

Jessica.

Fortunately,shewasadoptedbyanAmericanfamilywhenshewas13monthsold.Sherequired

25differentsurgeriestohelpherlegcondition.Butunfortunately,bothofherlegshadtobe

removedwhenshewasjust18monthsold.Jessicalearnedtowalkwithartificiallegs.Asa

child,shetooktosportsincludinggymnastics,cheerleading,iceskating,bikingandrock

climbing.

Shebeganswimmingathergrandparents'housewhenshewas6.Shestartedcompetitive

swimmingabout4yearslater.Shedidreallywellinswimming.Shortlyaftershestarted

competing,JessicawasselectedasMaryland'sFemaleSwimmeroftheYearwitha

Disability.EventhoughJessicawasannoyedwithherphysicallimitations,shewasencouraged

toenterherfirstParalympicGamesinAthens,Greece.Shewonthreegoldmedalsinswimming

at12!Butshedidnotrestonhersuccess.

Jessicahasgoneontowin23medalsforTeamUSAattheParalympics!Whileshebeganher

careeroutofangerandannoyance,shenowhasapositiveforceonamissiontoinspirethenext

第2页，共22页

generationofParalympians!Herattitudeandgrowthhavebeenkeystohersuccess.Jessica

alwaysbelievedshecoulddoanything.Asshesays,"Theonlydisabilityinlifeisanegative

attitude."

4.WhathappenedtoJessicawhenshewasababy?

A.Shewasabandonedinthewild.

B.Shehad25operationsonherleg.

C.Shehadherlegscutbecauseofadisease.

D.ShewasadoptedbyaRussianfamily.

5.WhendidJessicabegintoreceiveprofessionalswimmingtraining?

A.Attheageof4.B.Attheageof6.

C.Attheageof10.D.Attheageof12.

6.WhatcanweinferaboutJessicafromthetext?

A.ShewastheyoungestathleteinUShistory.

B.ShehassetagoodexampletoParalympians.

C.Shehaswon23goldmedalsinParalympics.

D.ShetookpartinseveralsportsinParalympics.

7.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellus?

A.Difficultthefirsttime,easythesecond.

B.Neverhitamanwhenheisdown.

C.Acommondangercausescommonaction.

D.Nothingisimpossibletoadeterminedheart.

c

Theendofasemestercanbeachallengingtimeforstudents.Kidsfromelementaryschool

throughhighschoolarealreadystressedaftermorethanayearofCOVID-19disrupted

learning.Pressingthroughthelastfewweeksofasemestercanbediscouraging,especiallyfor

olderstudentswithdemandingfinalprojectsandexams.

"Parents*fearsabouttheirkidsaresooftennotaboutthepresentbutthefuture-afearthatkids

whoarestrugglingwillgetstuckthere.Butkidsrarelystaystuck,inpartbecausetheytoowant

theirlivestoworkout,1'saysNedJohnson,atestpreparationexpert.Whenchildrenshowsigns

ofstress,parentsshouldrespondbyfocusingonmentalhealth,notachievementorgrades.

Familiescancreateasenseofsafetyforchildrenbyestablishingroutinesforthedayand

week,especiallythosethatemphasizeconnection,suchasfamilydinnertimeandabedtime

chat.Parentsshouldmeetkidswithempathyandlistening,insteadoftryingtosolvetheir

problems.Forexample,wecannormalizefamilyconversationabouttheupsanddownsofthe

day.AsMadelineLevine,apsychologist,putit：letyourchildren"borrowyourcalm".

Inaddition,peersupportprogramscanalsoplayanimportantroleinteachingskillsforstress

managementandwellness."Teenswilltalktootherteens,especiallywhentheyfeeltheyarein

abravespacebuiltontrust/'KatieHurley,apsychotherapistsays.

Somechildrenmayarriveatthefinishlineexhaustedandneedingsleep.Orperhapstheyare

eagertocelebratetheholidayswithalltheusualfanfare.Honoryourchild'swishesandplanto

createthebreakthatfitsyourfamily'sneeds.McKennaReitz,amomfromToledo,Ohio,plans

forherdaughtersKarsen,9,andMaddox,6,toenjoytimeoffwithfamilyandfriends.Her

holidayplanapparentlyreflects."Itisthemostimportantthingtheyneedrightnow,'1shesays.

"Ourchildrenneedtoknowthattheyarenotalone.1'

8.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph2?

A.Childrenarestrugglinginstudyinthepresentsituation.

B.Children'sfocusingongradesmakesthemstaystuckinlearning.

C.Parentsstaystuckinmakingtheirchildrenlivetoworkout.

D.Parents'fearaboutchildrengettingstuckinstudyisunnecessary.

9.WhydoestheauthormentionMadelineLevine?

A.Toaskparentstostaycalmbeforetheirkids.

B.Toshowthenecessityoftalkingtokidsbeforetests.

C.TomakeparentsletgooftheirkidsduringCOVID-19.

D.Tostresstheimportanceofthehelpfromtheexperts.

10.Whatdoes"that"inParagraph5referto?

A.Stayingwithkidsinholidays.

B.Respectingtheneedsofkids.

C.Helpingkidscelebrateholidays.

D.Keepingexhaustedkidshappy.

11.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshow?

A.Parentsshouldhelpkidstopreparetheirtests.

B.Parentsshouldkeepaclosereyesonkidsstudy.

C.Parentsshouldconnecttheirkidsmorewithnature.

D.Parentsshouldletkidstakeabreakfromschoolstress.

第4页，共22页

D

IfyoupicnicinaTexaspark,chancesareyou'llencounterfireants-akindofpestthatcan

deliverpainfulbites.Thisinvasive（入侵的）species,likemanyothers,isnotonlyannoying

butalsodestructive.

Aninvasivespeciesisanykindoflivingthingthatisn'tnativetoanecosystemandcauses

harm.Sometimesnon-nativespeciesareimportedbyaccident,likeinthe1930swhenships

fromSouthAmericatookfireantstoNorthAmerica.Othertimesnon-nativespeciesare

importeddeliberately.SometypesofAsianfishthatwereoriginallyimportedtotheU.S.from

Chinatocleanfishfarmsescapedandenteredrivers.GreeniguanaswerebroughttoChina,as

pets,butirresponsibleownersreleasedthem.

Non-nativespecieshaveevenbeenimportedforemotionalreasons.Amanoncereleased

dozensofEuropeanstarlings（哥）inNewYorkinanefforttobringallthebirdsmentioned

inShakespeare'swritingstoAmerica.Today,millionsofstarlingscauseover$800millionin

damagetoU.S.agricultureeveryyear.Invasivespecies'globaleconomicinfluenceisalso

enormous.TheU.S.governmentassessesthatinvasivespeciescosttheAmericaneconomyover

$120billioneveryyear.

Invasivespeciescandamagetheirhosthabitatsbyunbalancinglocalecosystems.Theyoften

lacknaturalenemiesintheirnewenvironmentandout-competenativespeciesforfoodand

otherresources.Theyalsomightfeedonlocalspecies.Invasivespeciescanalsocarrydiseases

forwhichlocalspecieshavenoimmunity（免疫力）.Thiscanresultinthelossofanentire

nativespecies.

Invasivespeciesareamongtheleadingthreatstonativewildlife.About42%ofthreatenedor

endangeredspeciesareatriskduetoinvasivespecies.Unlesspeopletakeseriousaction,the

economicandenvironmentalcostsofinvasivespecieswillbecomedisastrous.

12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"inadvertently"meaninparagraph2?

A.Separately.B.Regularly.C.Temporarily.D.Unexpectedly.

13.WhydidthemanbringstarlingstoAmerica?

A.Tosatisfyhiswish.

B.Toraisethemaspets.

C.TocopyShakespeare'sbehavior.

D.Todoagriculturalexperiments.

14.Whatconsequencedoinvasivespeciesbring?

A.Foodshortagefornativepeople.

B.Seriouseconomicimbalance.

C.Economicandenvironmentalproblems.

D.Dangerousdiseasesforhumans.

15.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.WildlifeConservation.

B.ProtectingNativeSpecies.

C.EnvironmentalProtectionMeasures.

D.OurUnwelcomeGuests.

二、阅读七选五(本大题共5小题，共12.5分)

Doyoufindyourselftakinganap(打吨)atyourdesk,evenafterwhatyouthoughtwasagood

night'srest?Thenyouprobablyhavethesamequestionassomanyothers：HowmuchdoI

needtosleep?(1).ThisisputforwardbyDr.RajDasgupta,anassistantprofessorattheKeck

SchoolofMedicineoftheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia.However,hereareafewwaysto

improveyoursleep.Sticktoabedtimeroutine.(2).Youcanevenkeepajournaltonotedown

thesesleeptimesandhowoftenyouwakeupatnight,saidDasgupta.Bydoingthisyoucanhave

anideaofwhatworksforyou.Besides,youshouldalsomakesureyourroomisdark,cooland

comfortablewhenyougotosleep.

Turnofftheelectronicdevices.Dothisasearlyaspossiblebeforebed.(3)."Particularlyifyou

areaimingtofallasleepearlier,it*simportanttoexposeyourselftobrightnaturallightasearly

aspossibleintheday,andtolimitexposuretolightinthehoursbeforebedtime,"shesaid.

''Electronicdevicesmimic(模仿)manyofthewavelengthsinsunlightthatcueyourbodyto

stayawake."

(4).Dasgupta'srecentstudyshowedthatfocusingattentiontrainingcouldalsohelpchildren

sleepoveranhourmorepernight.Theycantakebreathingexercisesandyoga,forexample.

Setgoodfoodandexercisehabits.Finally,eatinghealthilyandkeepingadailyfitnessroutine

cansupportbettersleepatnight.n(5),"hesaid."Exerciserelievesstress.ltalsohelpsbuildup

yourdrivetosleepatnight.”

A.Tryfocusingattentiontechniques

第6页，共22页

B.Theanswerisnotsostraightforward

C.Seektogettrainingofsomerelaxingexercises

D.Youshouldbeconsistentwithexerciseduringtheday

E.Lightexposurecanaffectyourbody*ssleep-wakecycle

F.Therewillbeanewelectronicdeviceonthemarketsoon

G.Itisgreattogotobedandwakeupatthesametimeeveryday

16.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大题共15小题，共15.0分)

Recently,mymotherexperiencedasurgery.ltwasconductedto(21)avalve(心脏瓣膜)inher

heart,whichcouldn'tfunctionwelLDuringthefirstcoupleofdays,mydadwastellingmeonthe

phonehowwonderfulthenurseswereintheICUandhowthey(22)mymom.Theydid

everythingneededtomakesureshewas(23)atalltimes.

Itoldhimitwouldbegreatifwecouldthinkofa(n)(24)4waytoshowourthanks.Inthe

wholeprocessof(25)amajorsurgery,thenursesareoftenthepeoplewhoget(26)themostand

aren'tthankedenoughforthecaretheygivetoeachpatient.Mydadhada(n)(27)thatwe

couldbringalongsomechocolatesforthem.ButIsaiditwastoocommon.

WhenfinallyIarrivedatthehospitaljhadthe(28)tomeetthesekindpeople,whomydadhad

toldmehadspentalmost36hourscaringformymom(29)overthepast3days!Icameupwith

agoodideaandIthinktheyreally(30)it.

Whenmymomrecoveredwellandwas⑶)toleavethehospital,wehandedthemthesilk

banner(锦旗)Ihadbeenmakingfor2days.Theywereallshockedandthankedus.ButIsaid

itwaswethatshould(32)thewonderfulcaretheyprovidedtomymom.

Nursesreallyarethetrue(33)oftheprocessofrecovery.ltwassonicethatthis(34)presented

uswithauniquechancetothankthemdirectlyfortheir(35)toothers.

21.A.repairB.addC.removeD.shut

22.A.metwithB.operatedonC.lookedintoD.tendedto

23.A.activeB.pleasedC.comfortableD.strong

24.A.efficientB.extraC.specialD.exact

25.A.appointingB.performingC.organizingD.approving

26.A.ignoredB.exhaustedC.recognizedD.prepared

27.A.doubtB.decisionC.agreementD.idea

28.A.attemptB.chanceC.courageD.luck

29.A.consideratelyB.frequentlyC.occasionallyD.individually

30.A.makeB.enjoyC.needD.deserve

31.A.orderedB.permittedC.convincedD.delayed

32.A.witnessB.shareC.appreciateD.understand

33.A.monitorsB.heroesC.providersD.experts

34.A.resultB.realityC.difficultyD.situation

35.A.serviceB.sacrificeC.guidanceD.promise

四、语法填空(本大题共1小题，共15.0分)

36.RisingsealevelsarethreateningcoastlinesinChina,forexamplein(I)(city)suchas

Shanghai,TianjinandGuangzhou.Ifsealevelsrisebyonemeter,morethan92,000square

kilometersofChina*scoastcouldbeflooded.Thiscouldpotentiallyforce67million

people(2)(move)away.Almosttwo-thirdsoftheiceinAsia'sglaciers(冰〃I)could

disappearifaverageglobaltemperaturerisesbeyond1.5℃bytheendofthecentury.If

thathappens,theimpacts(3)Chinawillbefeltinmultipleareas,fromwateravailability,to

agriculture,andtobiodiversity.

Thegoodnewsis(4)Chinaisbecomingagloballeaderonclimateaction.For

example,overthelastfiveyears,China⑸(use)moresolarandwindenergythanany

othercountryintheworld.Chinaisalsothelargestcleanenergyinvestorintheworld—_(6)

(spend)some$130billioninnewenergyinrecentyears.

Thedevelopmentofelectricvehiclesisparticularly⑺(inspire)inChina.Morethan

50percentofelectricvehiclesintheworld(8)(sell)inChinaeveryyear.AndChinais

第8页，共22页

nowaworldleaderinthe⑼(promote)ofcleanenergytechnologies.Ecological

civilizationhasbecomethecornerstone(基石)ofChina'slong-termdevelopment

strategy,muchlikeclimateactionis(10)importantpartofthe17Sustainable

DevelopmentGoals.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

五、书面表达(本大题共2小题，共40.0分)

37.假定你是育才中学的学生会主席李华。学校计划在下周五上午9点在报告厅举行关

于英国餐桌礼仪的讲座。外教Richard即将结束探亲并于下周一返回中国。请你用

英文写一封邮件，邀请他做主讲人，并告知相关情况。内容包括：

1.提出邀请；

2.告知讲座的内容、时间及地点；

3.表达关心与期待。

注意：

1.词数80左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇：报告厅lecturehall餐桌礼仪tablemanners

DearRichard,

Yours,

LiHua

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Weallgothroughupsanddownsinlife.Butfamilylovewillopenanotherdoorandhelpus

achieveourdreams.

Mydaughter,Bekah,calledmefromsoccerpractice."Mom,IthinkIdiditagain!"she

said,crying."Mykneesnapped（断裂）justlikelasttime,andIfellonthefield.Thiscan'tbe

happening!1'

Bekahwasaseniorinhighschool.Herdreamwastoplaysoccerincollege.Shehadsuffereda

severekneeinjuryoneyearearlierandbattledbackfromsurgery.Herdoctorshadcalledhera

modelpatientanddeclaredherreadytoplay.Gettingbackonthefieldhadbeenagiftduringthe

pandemicasteenseverywherestruggledwithlonelinessandthelossofroutines.

Bekahwasright.Howcouldthisbehappening?

"FmcomingasfastasIcan,"Isaid."Don'tfeartheworst."Mywordswereasmuchformeas

theywereformydaughter.Bekah*sinjuryhadbeenahugeparentingchallengeformy

husband,herbrotherCory,andme.

Bekah'srecoveryhadbeenablessing.Shehadrecoveredfasterandstrongerthandoctors

predicted.Lookingforwardtothepossibilityofplayinginthefallhadkepthergoingthrough

theearlymonthsofCOVIDlockdown.

Bekahwasdistraught（心烦意舌L的）whenIgottothefield."IjustknowIreinjuredit,nshe

said."Ithurtssobad!Fllbeoutthewholeseason.Iwon'tmakeacollegeteam.Momjt'sover!"I

wanttosaysomecomfortingwords,butBekahjuststaredstraightaheadwithdesperate

expression.

Thedoctordidn'tsoundencouragingaboutareturntosoccerbuttherewasstillaslim

chance.Shedisappearedintoherbedroomassoonaswereturnedhome.Allthecomfortfrom

myhusbandandIwasgreetedwithsilence.Sheholedupinherroomandbecamelowin

spirits.Sheevenstoppedsinging,somethingshe'dalwaysdonewhenabsorbedinsomethingshe

loved.Ifelthelpless.

注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

SinceshewasoftenmoreopenwithCory,overthefollowingmonths,Coryaccompaniedher

throughthehardtimes.

Onthegraduationceremony,!watchedproudlyasBekahmarchedtothestageandbeganher

speech.

第10页，共22页

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】D、C、D

【解析】（1）D.细节理解题。根据第三段

Yourcatwilllovethecoalfireplaceandtheowner'stwopetdogs,SambucaandTruffle,areal

waysonhandtojoinyouforawalkifyourcatwouldratherenjoytheenclosedgarden.（你的

猫会喜欢煤壁炉，如果你的猫更喜欢封闭的花园，主人的两只宠物狗Sambuca和Truffle

会随时陪你散步）以及倒数第二段

Thehoteloffersbedroomswithsuper-kingsizedbeds,andacatMichael,theowner'spet,whoi

salwaysonhandtowelcomeguests.（酒店提供有特大号床的卧室，还有一只主人的宠物

猫迈克尔，它总是随时欢迎客人）可知，TheTiggersCottage店主的两只宠物狗Sambuca

和Truffle随时都会陪你散步；TheRoastOxInn店主的宠物猫Michael总是随时欢迎客

人的到来，由此可知，这两家店的共同之处是店主的宠物对客人们都很友好。故选D

项。

（2）C.细节理解题。根据第四段

Nottomentionthewarmunderfloorheatingyouandyourcatwillwanttoreston.（更不用说

你和你的猫想要在上面休息的温暖的地暖了）可知，在TheJackRusselInn,你和你的猫

会想要躺在温暖的地板上休息，即TheJackRusselInn的供暖系统很好。故选C项。

（3）D.文章出处题。根据最后一段Clickheretobookastay.（单击此处预订住宿）可知，

读者可以点击网页预定住宿，所以读者会在网页上看到这篇文章。故选D项。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有

据。

本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了在英国周末休息时可以带猫去的四个好去处。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有

据。

4~7.【答案】C、C、B、D

【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。根据第二段中的

JessicawasborninIrkutsk,Russiawithasevereandraredisease—fibularhemimelia（腓侧

半肢畸形）.（杰西卡出生于俄罗斯伊尔库茨克，患有一种严重而罕见的疾病一一腓侧

半肢畸形）和第三段中的

Butunfortunately,bothofherlegshadtoberemovedwhenshewasjust18monthsold.（但

不幸的是，在她18个月大的时候，她的双腿都被切除了）可知，在她18个月大的时候，

Jessica的双腿因患病被截肢了。故选C项。

（2）C.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的

Shebeganswimmingathergrandparents'housewhenshewas6.Shestartedcompetitiveswi

miningabout4yearslater.（她6岁时开始在祖父母家游泳。大约4年后，她开始了竞技

游泳）可知，竞技游泳需要接受专业游泳训练，Jessica是在10岁时开始接受专业游泳

训练的。故选C项。

（3）B.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的

Whileshebeganhercareeroutofangerandannoyance,shenowhasapositiveforceonamis

siontoinspirethenextgenerationofParalympians!（虽然她出于愤怒和烦恼开始了自己的

职业生涯，但她现在在激励下一代残奥会运动员的使命上拥有了积极的力量！）可知，

Jessica的事迹鼓舞着一代又一代的残奥运动员们。由此可推知，Jessica是残奥运动员们

的榜样。故选B项。

（4）D.推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了JessicaLong尽管双腿被截肢，但她永

不言弃，在残奥会中赢得了游泳金牌的故事。由此可推知，作者想通过本文告诉我们，

世上无难事，只怕有心人（Nothingisimpossibletoadeterminedheart.）。故选D项。

本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了残疾女孩JessicaLong克服身体限制努力奋斗的故事。

做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。

8~11.【答案】D、A、B、D

【解析】（1）D.细节理解题。根据第二段

"Parents'fearsabouttheirkidsaresooftennotaboutthepresentbutthefuture—afearthatk

idswhoarestrugglingwillgetstuckthere.Butkidsrarelystaystuck,inpartbecausetheytoo

wanttheirlivestoworkout,"saysNedJohnson,atestpreparationexpert.Whenchildrenshow

signsofstress,parentsshouldrespondbyfocusingonmentalhealth,notachievementorgrade

s.（"父母对孩子的担忧往往不是针对现在，而是针对未来一一他们担心正在挣扎的孩子

会陷入困境。但孩子们很少会停滞不前，部分原因是他们也希望自己的生活一帆风顺，

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“备考专家NedJohnson说。当孩子表现出压力迹象时，父母应该关注心理健康，而不是

成绩或分数。）可知，父母担心孩子陷入学习困境是没有必要的。故选D。

（2）A.推理判断题。根据第三段

Familiescancreateasenseofsafetyforchildrenbyestablishingroutinesforthedayandwee

k,especiallythosethatemphasizeconnection,suchasfamilydinnertimeandabedtimechat.Pa

rentsshouldmeetkidswilhempathyandlistening,insteadoftryingtosolvetheirproblems.Fo

rexample,wecannormalizefamilyconversationabouttheupsanddownsoftheday.AsMad

elineLevine,apsychologist,pulit：letyourchildren"bonowyourcalm".（家庭可以通过建

立日常和每周的惯例，尤其是那些强调联系的惯例，如家庭晚餐时间和睡前聊天，来为

孩子创造一种安全感。父母应该以同情和倾听的态度对待孩子，而不是试图解决他们的

问题。例如，我们可以让家人谈论一天的起起落落。正如心理学家MadelineLevine所

说：让你的孩子”借用你的冷静”。）可知，作者提到了MadelineLevine是为了让父母在

孩子面前保持冷静。故选A。

（3）B.代词指代题。根据第五段

Honoryourchild'swishesandplantocreatethebreakthatfitsyourfamily'sneeds.McKenna

Reitz,amomfromToledo,Ohio,plansforherdaughtersKarsen,9,andMaddox,6,

toenjoytimeoffwithfamilyandfriends.（尊重你孩子的愿望，计划创造一个适合你家庭

需要的休息时间。来自俄亥俄州托莱多的母亲麦肯纳•赖茨计划让9岁的卡尔森和6岁

的马多克斯与家人和朋友一起享受假期，她的假期计划显然反映了尊重孩子的需要这一

点。）故that指的是"尊重孩子的需要”。A.Stayingwithkidsinholidays假期和孩子们在

一起：B.Respectingtheneedsofkids.尊重孩子的需要；C.Helpingkidscelebrateholidays

帮助孩子庆祝节日；D.Keepingexhaustedkidshappy让疲惫的孩子开心。故选B。

（4）D.推理判断题。根据第二段

Whenchildrenshowsignsofstress,parentsshouldrespondbyfocusingonmentalhealth.not

achievementorgrades.（当孩子表现出压力迹象时，父母应该关注心理健康，而不是成

绩或分数。）可知，文章主要说明了从小学到高中的孩子们已经感到压力很大，学期最

后几周的压力可能会让人沮丧，尤其是对年纪较大的学生来说，他们的期末项目和考试

要求很高，对此家长应该关注孩子的心理健康，而不是成绩。同时提出了一些给孩子减

轻压力的方法。可推知，作者想表明父母应该让孩子从学校的压力中休息一下。故选D。

本文是一篇日常生活类阅读，主要说明了从小学到高中的孩子们已经感到压力很大，学

期最后几周的压力可能会让人沮丧，尤其是对年纪较大的学生来说，他们的期末项目和

考试要求很高，对此家长应该关注孩子的心理健康，而不是成绩。同时提出了一些给孩

子减轻压力的方法。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项填写出正确答案。

12~15.【答案】D、A、C、D

【解析】（1）D.词义猜测题。根据第二段第二句中的

Sometimesnon-nativespeciesareimportedbyaccident,like...（有时，外来物种是被意外带

入的。）由此可推知，划线词所在句举例说明来自南美的轮船偶然将火蚁带到了北美。

inadvertently应意为"偶然，不经意"，A.Separately分别地；B.Regularly定期地；

C.Temporarily暂时地；D.Unexpectedly预料之外地。故选D。

（2）A.推理判断题。根据第三段

AmanoncereleaseddozensofEuropeanstarlingsinNewYorkinanefforttobringallthebi

rdsmentionedinShakespeare'swritingstoAmerica.（曾经有一个人在纽约放走了几十只欧

洲八哥，试图把莎士比亚作品中提到的所有鸟类都带到美国）可知，这名男子将八哥带

进美国是为了满足自己的愿望。故选A。

（3）C.细节理解题。根据第五段，

theeconomicandenvironmentalcostsofinvasivespecieswillbecomedisastrous.（入侵物种

会带来灾难性的经济损失以及环境问题。）可知，入侵物种会带来经济和环境问题。故

选C。

（4）D.标题判断题。文章主要介绍了入侵物种的侵入方式、危害以及可能造成的后果，

并说明了避免入侵物种危害的必要性。所以短文的最佳标题为D项

OurUnwelcomeGuests"我们不受欢迎的客人"。故选D。

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了入侵物种的侵入方式、危害以及可能造成的后果，

并说明了避免入侵物种危害的必要性。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上

合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

16~20.【答案】B、G、E、A、D

【解析】（1）B.推理判断题。根据第一段

Thenyouprobablyhavethesamequestionassomanyothers：HowmuchdoIneedtosleep?

（那么你可能和其他很多人都有同样的问题：我需要睡多少。）可知，B项

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"Theanswerisnotsostraightforward（这个答案并不是那么简单）”紧承上文，针对上文

提出的问题作出了一个回答，符合语境。故选B。

（2）G.推理判断题。根据该空前"Sticktoabedtimeroutine.（保持规律的就寝时间）”和

该空后

"Youcanevenkeepajournaltonotedownthesesleeptimesand