高一英语开学摸底考（新高考专用）02（解析版）

优点英语优点英语2024届高一下学期开学摸底考（新高考专用）02英语（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15. B.£9.18. C.£9.15.答案是C。1．Whoshouldgotobednow?A．Jim. B．Jim’sgrandmother. C．Jim’sparents.【答案】A【原文】W:Timetogotobed,Jim.LetyourparentshavethelivingroomsotheycanhaveaquieteveningwithGrandma.M:CanIstay?I’llbequiet.2．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Ataconcert. B．Ataflowershop. C．Atarestaurant.【答案】C【原文】W:Ilikethemusichere.Andthoseflowersarebeautiful.M:Yes.Ihopeyoulikethefood,too.Iofteneathere.3．Whatwillthemandothiswinterholiday?A．Travelabroad. B．Gooverlessons. C．Staywithfriends.【答案】B【原文】W:Whatdoyouusuallydoduringthewinterholiday?M:Ioftentravelaroundwithmyfriends.ButthisyearImustspendthetimereviewingthelessons.4．Wheredothespeakersagreetogo?A．Toatheater. B．Toamuseum. C．Toabeach.【答案】C【原文】W:Ithinkweshouldgotothetheater.M:Butwealllikedifferentkindsoffilms.AndIdon’tthinkanyonewillchoosethemuseum,doyou?W:Mm,sothatjustleavesthebeach.M:That’sagreatidea!5．Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheshow?A．Boring. B．Interesting. C．Educational.【答案】C【原文】W:Oh,thisshowremindsmeofoldtimes.NowthisisthekindofTVshowyouchildrencanlearnsomethingfrom.M:Ugh.TheHistoryoftheCar,Grandma?Ican’tthinkofanythingmoreboringtowatchonTV.第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Whatmakesthemanupset?A．Whethertochangehisjob.B．Howtoaskforapayraise.C．Whattodowithchallenges.7．What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Husbandandwife. B．Bossandemployee. C．Motherandson.【答案】6．A7．C【原文】W:Youseemedtobeupsettoday.Yourfatherisalittleworriedaboutyou.M:Yousee,I’vebeenofferedanewjob.Ican’tdecidewhethertotakeit.W:Oh,that’seasy.Ifit’sbetterthanthepresentone,goforit.M:Butthebossandpeoplearoundhereareveryniceandtheworkischallenging.W:Whataboutthesalary?M:TheysayIwillgetabigsum.W:Haveyoudiscusseditwithyourwife?M:Yes,sheleftittome.W:AsIsayit,theworkiswellworthatry.Afterall,youcangetahighersalary.M:Ihavetothinkaboutit.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8．Whatmightthemanbe?A．Acustomerservicerepresentative.B．Atravelagent.C．Arepairman.9．Whatwillthewomandonext?A．Callhisson. B．Givesomedetails. C．Signaform.10．Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A．Hersonlivesabroadnow.B．Shewillgotovisithersonsoon.C．Sheshouldmakepaymentfromthismonth.【答案】8．A9．B10．A【原文】M:New-ViewVideo,howcanIhelpyoutoday?W:Hello.I’dliketosignupforyourInternetvideostreamingserviceformyfamily.However,mysonislivinginFrancenow.Canheuseitthere?M:Sure,aslongasyousignupfortheFamilyGlobalpackage.W:Goodtohear.Oh,andthefirstmonthisafreetrial,right?M:That’scorrect.Youwon’tbechargedfortheglobalserviceuntilnextmonth,butwewillstillneedpaymentdetailswhenyouregister.W:Allright.Letmegiveyoumycreditcardinformation.Justasecond.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11．Whatisthewomandoing?A．Borrowingatent. B．Packingatent. C．Returningatent.12．Whatisthewoman’smotivationforclimbing?A．Tohavefun. B．Toimproveherfitness. C．Togetclosetonature.13．Wherewillthespeakersdorockclimbingtogether?A．Atagym. B．Inthewild C．Ataclimbingcenter.【答案】11．C12．B13．C【原文】W:Thanksforlettingmeborrowthelent,Sam.M:Noproblem,Tara.Iwasworriedit’dbetoosmall.W:Itwasalittletightbutwemanaged.We’llhavetogetabigonefornexttime.Anyway,itwasagreatcampingtrip!M:Areyougoingagainsoon?W:No,we’repracticingourrockclimbingforalittlewhiletogetintoshape.M:It’sgreatforbuildingstrength!MeandShellydoiiattheclimbingcenterjustoutoftown.It’sfunsolvingthepuzzleofhowtogetup,andexcitingtoo!W:Truethat!Mygymhasapracticewallbutwe’dliketodoitinthewildoneday!M:IhaveaguideIcanrecommend.He’lltakeyoutothebestclimbingspotandithasalltheequipmenttoo!W:Great!Doyouwanttopracticetogether?M:Sure,I’mgoingwithShellyat6pmtonight.W:Excellent.I’llmeetyouatthecenterthen!听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14．Wherewillthewomangothisweekendiftheweatherisbad?A．Tothebeach. B．Toastore. C．Toalibrary.15．Whatwillthemandoifhefinisheshisreport?A．Seesomevideos. B．Workoutatthegym. C．Practicetheguitar.16．Whatwouldthewomandoifshehadlotsofmoney?A．BuyahugeTV. B．Liveonanisland. C．Openavideostore.17．Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheirwishes?A．Realistic. B．Nice. C．Impractical.【答案】14．B15．A16．B17．C【原文】M:So,whatareyoudoingthisweekend?W:Itdepends.Iftheweatherisgood,IthinkI’llgotothebeach.M:Andifitisn’t?W:ThenI’lldosomeshopping.Whataboutyou?M:IfIfinishmyreportinthelibrary,I’llrentafewvideostowatchathome.ButIdon’tthinkI’llfinishit.Doyoueverwishyouhadmoretime,foreverything?W:Ofcourse.There’sneverenough.Sowhatwouldyoudoifyouhadmoretime?M:IguessI’dpracticetheguitarandworkoutatthegymmore.Howaboutyou?W:I’llgotoconcertsordomoreshopping.Butthattakesmoney,too.AndIreallywishIhadmoremoneyM:Sowhatwouldyoudoifyouhadlotsofmoney?W:I’dliveonanisland.M:Soundsnice.I’dbuyahugeTVandopenavideostore.W:Well,Iguessweshouldberealistic.Withouthardwork,ourwishesmaynevercometrue.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18．Whatisthespeakerdoing?A．Organizingarescue. B．Reportingadisaster. C．Conductinganinterview.19．Whyistherescueworkratherdifficult?A．Novolunteerscometohelp.B．Theroadsarebadlydamaged.C．Therearenotenoughaidworkers.20．WhathasPakistanreceivedfromtheUN?A．Funds. B．Shelters. C．Foodsupplies.【答案】18．B19．B20．A【原文】Goodmorning,everyone.IamCathyWeaverfromNPR.Pakistanisfacingtheheaviestrainsinthelast30yearsandsuddenfloodscausedbytheheavyrainshavekilledmorethan1,100people.Floodshavewashedawaynumbersofbridges,roads,homesandhotels.Largeareasofcropsareunderwater.Ihaveseenmanypeopleshelteringonrailwaytracksandinschools.ThePakistaniaidworkerswhoIspeaktoareprettyusedtodealingwithdisasters,buteventheysaytheyareshocked.Theyhaveneverseensuchseriousdamagecausedbyadisaster.Almostalltheroadsarebadlydamaged,makingtherescueworkratherdifficult.Nowagreatmanysoldiersandvolunteersarestrugglingaroundtheclock.Pakistaniofficialshavesaidthatthegovernmentwillprovidehousingtothosewhohavelosttheirhomes.Internationalaidisbeingorganizedfortheflood-affectedareas.AirplanesfromforeigncountrieslandedonSunday,carryingfoodandwatersupplies.TheUnitedNationshasalsooffered$3milliontohelp.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWelcometoSummerC;findandbooktheverybestsummercamps.Yourchildrenareprecioussoweofferthehighestqualityofcampsthatwillmeeteachchild’sneedsandinterests.CatalinaSeaCampSeaCampoffersthreeone-weeksessionstoboysandgirlsaged8–13andtwothree-weeksessionstoteensaged12–17.Ourhand-pickedinstructorscreateanatmosphereoffunandexcitementwhileleadingcamperstoahostofoceanadventures,marine(海洋的)biology,andsocialsummercampactivities.Address:ToyonWay,SanBruno,California94066Phone:800–645–1423CampCayugaCampCayugaisaprivatesummercampforchildrenaged6-16.Thecampisona350-acrelandinthePoconoMountainsofNortheastPennsylvania,justoutsidethevillageofHonesdale.It’sa3-hourdrivefromNewYorkCitytoPhiladelphia.Address:321NilesPondRoad-SuiteISC,Honesdale,Pennsylvania18431Phone:908-470-1224CampRockmontCampRockmontisaChristiansummercampforboys,aged6–16,intheBlueRidgeMountainsofNorthCarolina.Rockmont’sdutyofdevelopingboysintohealthyyoungmenisaccomplishedthroughage-appropriateskills,activities,andchallengesthathelpcamperstoknowthemselvesbetter.Address:375LakeEdenRoad,BlackMountain,NorthCarolina28711Phone:828-686-3885PrimitivePursuitsOvernightCampsPrimitivePursuitsOvernightCampsofferweek-longSummerAdventureOvernightCampsinNewYork’sFingerLakestoyourchildrenaged11–15.Campersexperienceaweekofnature-basedskillstraining,inspiringchallenges,andfunactivitiesundertheguidanceofskilledinstructors.Address:611CountyRd13,VanEtten,NewYork14889Phone:607-272-229221．Whatnumbershouldaparentcallifhisboyiscuriousaboutseacreatures?A．607–272–2292. B．828-686-3885.C．800–645–1423. D．908-470-1224.22．WherearePrimitivePursuitsOvernightCampslocated?A．InNorthCarolina. B．InCalifornia.C．InPennsylvania. D．InNewYork.23．WhatisspecialaboutCampRockmont?A．Itlastsaweek. B．Itisona350-acheland.C．Itisintendedforboys. D．Itisfullofadventures.【参考答案】21．C22．D23．C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了四个夏令营地的相关信息。【详情解析】21．细节理解题。根据CatalinaSeaCamp部分中的“Ourhand-pickedinstructorscreateanatmosphereoffunandexcitementwhileleadingcamperstoahostofoceanadventures,marine(海洋的)biology,andsocialsummercampactivities.(我们精心挑选的教练创造了一个有趣和兴奋的气氛，同时带领露营者去各种海洋探险，学习海洋生物学和参加社会夏令营活动。)”和“Phone:800–645–1423(电话:800-645-1423)”可知，如果孩子对海洋生物感到好奇，可以参加CatalinaSeaCamp这个夏令营活动，即父母应该打800-645-1423这个电话，故选C。22．细节理解题。根据PrimitivePursuitsOvernightCamps部分中的“PrimitivePursuitsOvernightCampsofferweek-longSummerAdventureOvernightCampsinNewYork’sFingerLakestoyourchildrenaged11–15.(原始追求过夜营为您11-15岁的孩子提供在纽约的手指湖为期一周的夏季冒险过夜营。)”可知，PrimitivePursuitsOvernightCamps位于纽约，故选D。23．推理判断题。根据CampRockmont部分中的“CampRockmontisaChristiansummercampforboys,aged6–16,intheBlueRidgeMountainsofNorthCarolina.Rockmont’sdutyofdevelopingboysintohealthyyoungmenisaccomplishedthroughage-appropriateskills,activities,andchallengesthathelpcamperstoknowthemselvesbetter.(罗克蒙特夏令营是在北卡罗来纳州的蓝岭山脉为6-16岁的男孩准备的基督教夏令营。罗克蒙特的责任，发展男孩成为健康的年轻男子是通过适龄的技能，活动和挑战，帮助营员更好地了解自己完成。)”结合CatalinaSeaCamp部分中的“toboysandgirlsaged8–13(为8-13岁的男孩和女孩)”，CampCayuga部分中的“forchildrenaged6-16(6-16岁的孩子)”和PrimitivePursuitsOvernightCamps部分中的“yourchildrenaged11–15(为你11-15岁的孩子)”可知，其他几个夏令营活动男孩和女孩都可以参加可知，CampRockmont的特别之处在于，这个夏令营是为男孩准备的，故选C。BNothavingdonephysicalexerciseforsometime,Ifoundmyselfalittlelow-spiritedandcouldn'tstudyefficiently,soIdecidedtodosomerunningthenextday.At6:15thenextmorning,myalarmclockrang.Unwillingtorisefrommybed,Iturneditoffandwentbacktosleep.However,5minuteslater,Istruggledtogetup.Afterwashingandbrushing,Ihadmysneakersonandwentout.Wow!TheairwassofreshthatIcouldn'thelpbreathingitdeeply.Istretched(伸展)myarmsandlegs,thenstartedtorun.Ifoundallthingsaroundmeweresoattractive.Look,thebrancheswerewaving,asiftheywerewelcomingme;theblossomingflowerswerebowing,withshyness,justlikegirls.Listen,thewindwaswhispering,asiftosay“comeon,girl”.What'smoreinterestingwasthosetwobirds,perchinginthetree.TheywerescaredandflewawaywhenIpassedthem.“Hey,chaps,relax.”Ishoutedwithoutstoppingrunning.“Let'senjoythebeautifulmorningtogether!”Thenmiracle(奇迹)happened.ThetwolittlecreaturesseemedtounderstandwhatIsaid.Theyturnedbackandtwittered(吱吱叫)aroundme.“Areyousingingforme?”Iasked.Theytwitteredagainandagain,soundedlike“Yes”.Iwasdelightedtohearthat.Ah,whatawonderfulmorningandhowbeautifullifeis!Actually,therearealotofcharmingthingsaroundus.HelenKellerwroteinherfamousarticleThreeDaystoSee,“Theseeingseelittle”.Indeed,manyofusignorethebeautyaroundus,justbecausewearefamiliarwiththem.Theyalwayscomplainthatlifeisboring.But,Ijustwanttosay,ifyouliveeachdaywithappreciationofthingsaround,you'llfindlifeisverycharming.So,let'senjoylifefromnowon.24．Accordingtothepassage,thewriterwentrunningwiththepurposeof______.A．makingherselfmoreactiveB．seeingthebeautyofnatureC．talkingwithbirdsD．breathingfreshair25．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?______A．Thewriterenjoyedthesingingofthetwobirds.B．Thewriterroseimmediatelyaftertheclockwentoff.C．Thewriterdidsomewarmupexercisesbeforerunning.D．Thewriterfeltrefreshedafterdoingsomerunninginthemorning.26．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence“Theseeingseelittle.”inthelastparagraphmean?______A．Peoplewhocanseehardlyfindthebeautyofnature.B．Thosewhocanseeenjoynaturemuchmorethantheblind.C．Peoplewhogosightseeingcanseelittle.D．Thosewhogooutonlyseelittlethings.27．Thepurposeofthewriterinwritingthispassageistotellusthat______.A．thenatureinthemorningisverybeautifulB．freshairisbeneficialC．physicalexerciseisusefulD．weshouldappreciatethebeautifulthingsinlife【参考答案】24．A25．B26．A27．D【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述自己因为长时间没有体育锻炼感到自己没有精神，学习效率降低，在第二天的锻炼中发现很多美好的事情，发现生活的美好【详情解析】24．细节理解题。根据第一段“Nothavingdonephysicalexerciseforsometime,Ifoundmyselfalittlelow-spiritedandcouldn'tstudyefficiently,soIdecidedtodosomerunningthenextday.”（有一段时间没有进行体育锻炼了，我发现自己有点情绪低落，无法有效地学习，所以我决定第二天跑步。）可知，根据文章，作者跑步的目的是让自己更活跃。故选A项。25．细节理解题。根据第一段“Unwillingtorisefrommybed,Iturneditoffandwentbacktosleep.”（我不愿意从床上爬起来，就把它关掉，然后又睡着了）可知，B选项“钟一响，作家就起来了。”错误。故选B项。26．推理判断题。根据最后一段提到“Indeed,manyofusignorethebeautyaroundus,justbecausewearefamiliarwiththem.”（事实上，我们中的许多人忽视了周围的美，只是因为我们熟悉它们）可知，看的见的人很难发现大自然的美。故选A项。27．推理判断题。本文讲述自己因为长时间没有体育锻炼感到自己没有精神，学习效率降低，在第二天的锻炼中发现很多美好的事情，发现生活的美好。所以短文的目的是“我们应该欣赏生活中美好的事物”。故选D项。CThoseofuswhoshoponlinemaylookovercustomerreviewstogetabettersenseofproductswecan’tjudgeforourselvesataphysicalstore.Wemaycheckoutonlinerecommendationsbeforebookingahaircutorvisitinganewrestaurant.Butwhathappensifsomeofthosereviewscan’tbetrusted?TheFederalTradeCommission(FTC)recentlyannouncedthatitwassuggestingnewmeasurestocrackdownon(严厉打击)fake(虚假的)reviewsandotherpracticesusedtomisleadconsumers.Thecommissionpublishedasuggestedrulethatwouldprohibitcompaniesfromwritingorsellingfakereviews,buyingpositivereviews,silencingnegativereviewsandmore.“Oursuggestedruleonfakereviewsshowsthatwe’reusingallpossiblemeanstoattackmisleadingadvertisinginthedigitalage,”SamuelLevine,directoroftheFTC’sBureauofConsumerProtection,saidinastatement.Researchshowsmostpeopleheavilyrelyononlinereviews,buthumansarealsobadattellingwhichconsumerreviewsholdwaterandwhicharenonsense.That’spotentiallyworrisomegiventhatnearlyoneineverythreereviewsisfake,accordingtoonestudy.Inarguingforthesuggestedrule,theFTCcitedwhatactionithadtakenagainstcompaniesthatcontrolledreviewsoftheirproducts.In2022,forexample,thecommissionforcedtheonlineretailerFashionNova,LLCtopay$4.2milliontosettleallegations(指控)thatitpreventednegativereviewsfrombeingpostedonitswebsite–thefirstFTCactioninvolvingacompany’sefforttohidenegativereviews.Foritspart,FashionNovasaidinastatementtoTheNewYorkTimesthattheFTC’sallegationswere“inaccurate”andthatitonlysettledthechargestoavoid“thedistraction(分心)andlegalfees”.Commentsonthesuggestedrulehavetobereceivedwithin60daysofitspublicationintheFederalRegister,afterwhichtheFTCwilldecidewhethertoissuearevisedfinalversion.28．WhatisthemainpurposeoftheFTC’ssuggestedrule?A．Toimprovethequalityofproductsandservices.B．Toensuretruereviewsarepresentedtocustomers.C．Tobannegativereviewsfromonlineplatforms.D．Toprotecttheinterestsofphysicalstores.29．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“holdwater”inparagraph4mostprobablymean?A．Betrustworthy. B．Beone-sided.C．Beofficial. D．Bemisleading.30．WhywasFashionNovaforcedtopay$4.2millioninasettlementin2022?A．Toremovenegativereviewsofitsproducts.B．Topostcustomerreviewsonitswebsite.C．Toresolveitsallegationsofdishonestadvertising.D．Topreventitfromfacingfurthercriticismandlegalfees.31．Whatcanbeinferredaboutthesuggestedrule?A．Itiswell-received.B．Itisstillunderreview.C．Ithasproventobeeffective.D．Ithasfaceddisagreement.【参考答案】28．B29．A30．C31．B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国联邦贸易委员会发布了一项建议规则，禁止公司撰写或销售虚假评论、购买正面评论、压制负面评论，并打击虚假评论和其他误导消费者的行为。【详情解析】28．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“TheFederalTradeCommission(FTC)recentlyannouncedthatitwassuggestingnewmeasurestocrackdownonfakereviewsandotherpracticesusedtomisleadconsumers.(美国联邦贸易委员会(FTC)最近宣布，建议采取新措施，打击虚假评论和其他误导消费者的行为。)”可知，联邦贸易委员会建议规则的主要目的是确保向客户提供真实的评论。故选B项。29．词义猜测题。根据文章第四段“Researchshowsmostpeopleheavilyrelyononlinereviews,buthumansarealsobadattelling(研究表明，大多数人严重依赖在线评论，但人类也不善于辨别)”及“whicharenonsense(哪些是无稽之谈)”可知，划线处的含义应该与nonsense相反，故A项trustworthy“值得信赖的”与划线词词义相近。故选A项。30．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“In2022,forexample,thecommissionforcedtheonlineretailerFashionNova,LLCtopay$4.2milliontosettleallegations(指控)thatitpreventednegativereviewsfrombeingpostedonitswebsite–thefirstFTCactioninvolvingacompany’sefforttohidenegativereviews.(例如，2022年，委员会迫使在线零售商FashionNova，LLC支付420万美元，以解决有关其阻止负面评论在其网站上发布的指控，这是联邦贸易委员会首次采取行动，涉及公司试图隐藏负面评论。)”可知，FashionNova被迫在2022年支付420万美元，以解决其不诚实广告的指控。故选C项。31．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Commentsonthesuggestedrulehavetobereceivedwithin60daysofitspublicationintheFederalRegister,afterwhichtheFTCwilldecidewhethertoissuearevisedfinalversion.(对建议规则的评论必须在《联邦公报》公布后60天内收到，之后联邦贸易委员会将决定是否发布修订后的最终版本。)”可知，建议的规则仍在审查中。故选B项。DBritainisthesixthfattestcountry:withintheOrganizationforEconomicCo-operationandDevelopment(OECD).Formorethanadecade,thegovernmenthasdeclaredobesity(肥胖)anationalemergencyandpromisedtotakeaction,onlytoproducedisappointingplansthatdon’treachwhatisrequired.ItshouldnothavetakenadiseaselikeCOVID-19tomakepeoplefullyawareoftheawfulconsequencesoftheUK’sobesity.Obesity,aswellasitsassociatedconditionsofdiabetes(糖尿病)andhighbloodpressure,isstronglyconnectedwithahigherriskofdeathfromCOVID-19andwillhaveundoubtedlybeenafactorintheUKhavingthehighestCOVID-19deathrateinEurope.AsthePrimeMinister,BorisJohnson’sexperienceofcachingthevirusandbeingadmittedtoICUhasreportedlyresultedinacompletechangeinhim,whohaspreviouslypridedhimselfonhisdislikeofanover-controllingstate.Thegovernmentisexpectedtosetoutanewstrategythisweek,aimedatreducingobesitylevelsbothinthenextfewmonths—aheadofapossiblesecondwaveofinfectionsandthelongerterm.Thisobviouschangeiswelcome,butonlyifitresultsinacompletechangeinthegovernment’sapproach,whichdoesn’trelyonpersonalresponsibilitybutonmuchtougherrules,aswithtobaccoandalcohol.Thereisplentyofevidenceaboutwhatisneededtocutobesityandinrecentyears,manyreports,includingfromPublicHealthEnglandandtheformerchiefmedicalofficer,havecalledforurgentaction.Yetthesecallswereignoredbythegovernmentthathasseeminglyputthefoodanddrinkindustry’sfinancialinterestsoverthehealthofthenation.32．Whathasthegovernmentdonewithobesityinthepasttenyears?A．Ithasdenied(否认)itisanationalemergency. B．Ithasmadeunsatisfyingplanstoreduceit.C．Ithastakeneffectivestepstocontrolit. D．Ithascalledforimmediateactiononit.33．WhatmighttheBritishgovernmentdonext?A．Placelessstressonfinancialinterests. B．Setstricterlimitsontobaccoandalcohol.C．Carryoutanewstrategytocutobesity. D．TakeactiontoreduceCOVID-19deathrate.34．Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthat______.A．theBritishgovernmentshouldhavepaidmoreattentiontosolvingobesityB．thefast-spreaddiseaseCOVID-19resultedintheUK’sobesityC．thePrimeMinistercaughtthevirusandwasadmittedtoICUforobesityD．theBritishgovernmenthastakeneffectiveactiontobattleagainstobesity35．What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A．UKSufferingfromCOVID-19 B．UKReadyforaCompleteChangeC．ACauseofHighestCOVID-19DeathRate D．Obesity:AnUrgentProblemintheUK【参考答案】32．B33．C34．A35．D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国的肥胖问题严重，政府采取了一些减少肥胖的措施，但是没有达到要求。【详情解析】32．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Formorethanadecade,thegovernmenthasdeclaredobesity(肥胖)anationalemergencyandpromisedtotakeaction,onlytoproducedisappointingplansthatdon’treachwhatisrequired.(十多年来，政府一直宣布肥胖是国家紧急情况，并承诺采取行动，但结果却出台了令人失望的计划，没有达到要求)”可知，在过去的十年里，政府制定的减少肥胖的计划并不令人满意。故选B。33．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Thegovernmentisexpectedtosetoutanewstrategythisweek,aimedatreducingobesitylevelsbothinthenextfewmonths—aheadofapossiblesecondwaveofinfectionsandthelongerterm.(政府有望在本周制定一项新策略，旨在在未来几个月内降低肥胖水平——赶在可能出现的第二波感染之前，并在更长时间内降低肥胖水平)”可知，接下来，英国政府可能会实施一项减少肥胖的新策略。故选C。34．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thereisplentyofevidenceaboutwhatisneededtocutobesityandinrecentyears,manyreports,includingfromPublicHealthEnglandandtheformerchiefmedicalofficer,havecalledforurgentaction.Yetthesecallswereignoredbythegovernmentthathasseeminglyputthefoodanddrinkindustry’sfinancialinterestsoverthehealthofthenation.(关于减少肥胖需要做些什么，有很多证据。近年来，包括英国公共卫生部和前首席医疗官在内的许多报告都呼吁采取紧急行动。然而，这些呼吁被政府忽视了，政府似乎把食品和饮料行业的经济利益置于国民健康之上)”可推知，英国政府应该更加重视解决肥胖问题。故选A。35．主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Britainisthesixthfattestcountry:withintheOrganizationforEconomicCo-operationandDevelopment(OECD).(在经济合作与发展组织(OECD)的成员国中，英国是第六胖的国家)”和最后一段中的“Thereisplentyofevidenceaboutwhatisneededtocutobesityandinrecentyears,manyreports,includingfromPublicHealthEnglandandtheformerchiefmedicalofficer,havecalledforurgentaction.(关于减少肥胖需要做些什么，有很多证据。近年来，包括英国公共卫生部和前首席医疗官在内的许多报告都呼吁采取紧急行动)”可知，英国肥胖问题严重，应该引起政府和人们的高度重视。由此可知，D.Obesity:AnUrgentProblemintheUK(肥胖：在英国一个迫在眉睫的问题)适合作本文最佳标题。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ifyourstress-responseisalwayson,yourimmunesystemsuffersandyourbloodpressureincreases.36.Sowhataresomewaystoquietyourbody’sstressresponseandgainsomemuch-neededcalm?37Thefirstwaytostartyourrelaxationmodeistobreathe.Now,youmaybesaying,“Ibreatheallday.IfIdidn’t,I’dbedead.”38.Butmanyofusgothroughourdayswithoutbreathingdeeply.There’sadifferencebetweenstressed-outshallowbreathingandslow,deepbreaths.Thiskindofdeepbreathingleadstoallsortsofhealthbenefitssuchasdecreasedoxygenconsumption,decreasedbloodpressure,andincreasedcarefulness.PracticeImaginationYoucanexperiencethatrelaxationmodebytryingimagination.MyfavoriteistoimagineI’monabeach.Iuseallfivesensestotrytoburymyselfintheimaginedexperienceofrelaxationonabeach.Itrytosmelltheoceanairandseeandhearthewaves.39.PlayPretend40.IfindthatifIpretendI’maprofessionalCaliforniasurfer,it’smucheasiertodecreasestressandgetintomyrelaxationmode.Asimple“Noproblem”cangoareallylongway.A．That’skindoftrueB．BreathingExercisesC．FocusOnYourSensesD．AndyouwilleasilygetintoanxietyanddepressionE．AlittlephysicalexercisecouldhelpyoubetteryourselffastF．I’vealsocreatedanotherexercisethatrequiresmetoplaypretendG．Practiceimaginationcanhelpusdecreasestressbyshiftingourfocus【参考答案】36．D37．B38．A39．G40．F【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了几种减压的方法。【详情解析】36．根据空格前的句子“Ifyourstress-responseisalwayson,yourimmunesystemsuffersandyourbloodpressureincreases.(如果你的压力反应一直处于活动状态，你的免疫系统就会受到影响，血压也会升高)”可知，此处是在讲述压力的危害。D选项“Andyouwilleasilygetintoanxietyanddepression(你很容易陷入焦虑和抑郁)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选D。37．根据空格后的句子“Thefirstwaytostartyourrelaxationmodeistobreathe.(开启放松模式的第一个方法是呼吸)”可知，此处是在讲述呼吸练习。B选项“BreathingExercises(呼吸练习)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选B。38．根据前文“Now,youmaybesaying,“Ibreatheallday.IfIdidn’t,I’dbedead.”(现在，你可能会说：“我整天都在呼吸。如果我不这么做，我就死了。”)”和后文“Butmanyofusgothroughourdayswithoutbreathingdeeply.(但是我们中的许多人一直没有深呼吸)”可知，此处是在讲述呼吸的重要性。A选项“That’skindoftrue(这是真的)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选A。39．根据小标题“PracticeImagination(练习想象力)”可知，本空要说跟“练习想象力与减轻压力”有关的话题。G选项“Practiceimaginationcanhelpusdecreasestressbyshiftingourfocus(练习想象可以通过转移注意力来帮助我们减轻压力)”符合本段主旨，其中Practiceimagination是关键词。故选G。40．根据空格后的句子“IfindthatifIpretendI`maprofessionalCaliforniasurfer,it`smucheasiertodecreasestressandgetintomyrelaxationmode.(我发现，如果我假装自己是一名职业的加州冲浪者，那么减轻压力并进入放松状态就容易多了)”可知，此处是在讲述假装能帮助减压。F选项“I’vealsocreatedanotherexercisethatrequiresmetoplaypretend(我还创建了另一个练习，要求我假装)”能引起下文，符合题意，其中pretend是关键词。故选F。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Onceuponatimeadaughtercomplainedtoherfatherthatherlifewaspainfulandthatshedidn’tknowhowshewasgoingtomakeit.Shewastiredoffightingand41allthetime.Itseemedjustasoneproblemwassolvedanotheronesoonfollow.Herfather,achef,tookhertothekitchen.Hefilledthreepotswithwaterandplacedeachotheronahigh42.Oncethethreepotsbegantoboil,heplaced43inonepot,eggsinthesecondandgroundcoffeebeansinthethird.Hethenletthem44andboil,withoutsayingawordtohisdaughter.Thedaughtercomplainedand45waited,wonderingwhathewasdoing.Twentyminuteslater,hetookthepotatoesoutofthepotandputtheminonebowlandtheeggsinanother.Hethenladled(舀)thecoffeeoutandplaceditinacup.Thedaughter46thatthepotatoesweresoft.Herfatherthenaskedhertotakeaneggandbreakit.Afterpullingofftheshell,she47thehard-boiledegg.48,heaskedhertodrinkthecoffee.Itsrichpleasantsmellbroughta49toherface.“Father,wha