高一英语开学摸底考（人教版2019）01（原卷版）

2024届高一下学期开学摸底考（人教版2019）01英语（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15. B.£9.18. C.£9.15.答案是C。1．Wheredidthewomango?A．Theoffice. B．Thedoctor’s. C．Therailwaystation.2．Whendidthemanseethefilm?A．OnFriday. B．OnSaturday. C．OnSunday.3．Whohasthestapler?A．Thewoman. B．Theman. C．Somebodyelse.4．Whydoesthemancometothewoman?A．ToaskforanewIDcard.B．Totakeapictureofher.C．Tofilloutaform.5．Whydoesthemandecidetoleavehisjob?A．Togetmoretimetorelax.B．Toworkinwhateverwayhelikes.C．Toavoidface-to-facecommunication.第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Anewkindofdesks. B．Anewgymequipment. C．Apieceofnewsintheirschool.7．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Teacherandstudent. B．Classmates. C．Familymembers.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8．WhatisFrankusuallyresponsibleforathome?A．Doingthewashing. B．Cleaningthehouse. C．Preparingthefood.9．WhatdoesFrankthinkKarenshoulddo?A．Relaxmore. B．Studyharder. C．Dosomechores.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10．Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthebedroom?A．Bright. B．New. C．Small.11．Whatdoesthewomanlikebest?A．Thekitchen. B．Theview. C．Thelivingroom.12．Whatwillthespeakersdomostprobably?A．Havetheshowerrepaired. B．Buysomefurniture. C．Keepsearching.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13．Whendidtheman’sbosscallJeff?A．Inthemorning. B．Intheafternoon. C．Intheevening.14．HowdidJeffexplaineverything?A．Overthephone. B．Bye-mail. C．Inperson.15．Whydidn’tJeffcometotheofficeonTuesday?A．Hewassick. B．Hewasofftheday. C．Hewasworkingsomewhereelse.16．Howdoesthewomansoundintheend?A．Excited. B．Angry. C．Surprised.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17．HowmanyhectaresofteatreesarethereinJiajiangcounty?A．20,000hectares. B．35,000hectares. C．46,000hectares.18．WherewasgreenteaofJiajiangcountymainlyexportedin2021?A．ToSouthAfrica B．ToEastAsia. C．ToCentralAsia.19．Howdofarmersgetthebesttea?A．Byusinggoodfarmchemicals.B．Bywateringteatreesontime.C．Byfocusingonthesoil.20．WhatisZouChengjun?A．Afarmer. B．Adirector. C．Abusinessman.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ANewZealand’stoweringmountains,temperaterainforestsandremoterivervalleysallfueledSirPeterJackson’screativespiritwhenhewascrafting(精心制作)thewell-knownfilmsTheLordoftheRingsandTheHobbitfilmtrilogies.Let’sexploreNewZealand,therealMiddle-earth.StartinHobbitonThejourneystartsfromtheexcitingurbancenterofAucklandtoMatamata—thehomeoftheHobbitonMovieSet.Yourknowledgeableguidewillhelpyoufullyunderstandthehistoryandtheon-locationfilmingprocessesaroundTheShire.JourneytoMordorExperiencewildernessinTongariroNationalPark—anareaknownforitsmountainous,desolate(荒凉的)beauty.ThisregionwasusedasthelocationforsomeofthefilmingofMordorinTheLordoftheRingstrilogy.StandamongthegreenestofforestsDewy(带露水的)sceneryandnaturalspectacles(壮观的景象)areNewZealand’sbiggestdraw-cardsandasurereasonwhythecountrywaschosenasthehomeofMiddle-earth.Explorethismagicalworldoftalltrees,clearriversandsweetbirdsongsonashortwalkorfamousmulti-dayhike.FromCapeReingaallthewaydowntoBlufftherearenationalparkscoveringthecountry.DiscoverEarnslawBurnandtheMistyMountainsPathwayOneofthemostmagicallocationsinTheHobbittrilogyisEarnslawBurn.Hereyouwillfindsheer(陡峭的)wallsofgranite(花岗岩)rising800metersfromthebasinfloor,andaglacier(冰川)creatinganumberofwaterfallsfromitsmeltwaterthatspilldownfromthecliff-tops.21．Wherecanvisitorshaveaguidedtour?A．InTongariroNationalPark B．InTheShire C．InCapeReinga. D．InEarnslawBurn22．WhydoesNewZealandearnthetitle“thehomeofMiddIe-earth”?A．Thenaturalscenerythereisbreathtaking.B．Thegrassthereisalwayswetwithmorningdew.C．Itscentralpartisthemostbeautifulplaceonearth.D．Therearewaterfalls,glaciersandtoweringmountains.23．Whatcanweknowaboutthejourney?A．Itisamovie-themedtour.B．Itinvolveshikingcompetitions.C．Itfollowstheorderoffilmshooting.D．ItisdesignedforfansofdirectorPeterJackson.BItwasChristmasEvewhenmyeldersisterandIdecidedtoopenourpresentsbeforeourmomgothomefromwork.Sheusuallycamehomeaboutanhourafterwegothomefromschool,whichwethoughtwasplentyoftimetosneakalook(偷看)atthegiftsunderthetree.MyeldersisteropenedpresentafterpresentwhileIwasorderedtostandguardatthebigwindowinourfrontroom.Finally,whenmysister’scuriositywassatisfied,wechangedplaces.Afteropeningafewpresents,Ifounditfastertoopenoneendofapresentandlookinside.“Cool!MomandDadgotmeheadphones!”Ipulledtheheadphonesoutoftheboxandwasabouttoputthemonwhenmysistershouted,“Quick!Wrap(包裹)itbackup!Mom’scoming!”Iputtheheadphonesbackintheboxbutmyhandswereshaking.MyheartbeatfasterasItriedtogetthetapetostick.Ihadjustfinishedburyingthepackagewithmyheadphonesinitwhenmymothercameintothefrontroom.Ijumpedupandsaid,“Hi,Mom!”Shesmiledatmeandsaid“Hi”back,butdidn’tappeartosuspect(怀疑)anything.MyheartbegantoslowasItookadeepbreath.OnChristmasmorning,mysisterandIsmiled,andgaveaward-winningperformanceswhenweopenedourpresents—again.“Headphones!”Ishouted.“Thanks,it’sjustwhatIwanted.”Aftereverythinghadbeenopened,mysisterandIlookedateachother,andoureyesmet.Oursecretwassafe,butsomehowChristmasmorningdidn’tfeelthesame.MysisterandIneveropenedourChristmaspresentsearlyagain.Idon’tknowifitwasthatopeningourgiftsforthesecondtimejustwasn’tasmuchfunasthefirsttime,orifwecametooclosetogettingcaughtanddidn’twanttothinkaboutwhatourmotherwouldhavedonetous.24．Whatdidtheauthorandhissisterdobeforetheirmothercameback?A．TheyboughtsomeChristmaspresents.B．TheyhidChristmaspresentsunderthetree.C．TheyopenedChristmaspresentsinadvance.D．Theywrappedtheheadphonesfortheirmother.25．Howwastheauthorfeelingwhenhismotherwascoming?A．Gratefulandmoved. B．Happyandexcited.C．Curiousandsurprised. D．Nervousandfrightened.26．WhydidChristmasmorninggivetheauthoradifferentfeeling?A．Hissecretwasfoundout. B．Hiscuriositywasn’tsatisfied.C．Apleasantsurprisewaslost. D．Afestivalatmospherewaslost.27．Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthelastparagraph?A．Hedidn’tliketheheadphones. B．Heregrettedwhathehaddone.C．Hewasn’tsatisfiedwithhismother. D．Hecouldn’tfindhisChristmaspresent.CAfterwakingup,youmayfeelannoyedthatyoucannotrecallthedreamsyouhadlastnight.Artificialintelligence(AI)maybeabletohelp.Previously,therehavebeenAImodelsthatcanturntextintoimages.Theycandothisbylearningfromalargeamountofdatafrombothtestsandimages.Thistime,researchersfromOsakaUniversityinJapanhavetrainedanAIsystemcalledStableDiffusiontorecreateimagesbasedonpeople’sbrainscans,reportedSciencemagazine.TheresearchersusedanonlinedatasetprovidedbytheUniversityofMinnesota,US,whichconsistedofbrainscansfromfourparticipantsastheyeachviewedasetof10,000photos.Thescanswererecordedbyfunctionalmagneticresonanceimaging(fMRI).TheAIthenlearnedaboutthebrainactivitiesbyanalyzingchangesinbloodflowshownbythefMRIdata—whenapartofthebrainisactivated(激活),morebloodwillflowtoit.Itthenmatchedthebrainactivitieswiththephotos.Throughthismethod,AIlearnedhowhumanbrainswouldreactwhenseeingdifferentphotos.Finally,theresearcherstestedtheAIonadditionalbrainscansfromthesameparticipantswhentheyviewedphotosofatoybear,airplane,clockandtrain.Ifthepersonlookedatanairplane,forexample,theAIwouldusethebrainscandatatocreateanimageofaveryblurry(模糊的)airplane.Then,itwouldturnontheprevious“text-to-image”modelandimprovethequalityoftheimagebyfeedingitselfthekeyword“airplane”.Thefinalimageswere“convincing”withabout80percentofaccuracy(精确),accordingtotheresearchers.Thenewstudycreatedanovelapproachthatincludestextsandimagesto“decipher(破译)thebrain”,ArielGoldsteinfromPrincetonUniversity,US,toldSciencemagazine.Inthefuture,scientistshopethatthetechnologycanbeusedtorecordimaginedthoughtsanddreamsorallowpeopletounderstandhowdifferentlyotheranimalsunderstandreality.28．WhatdoweknowaboutStableDiffusion?A．Itcanhelptrainpeople’sminds. B．Itcanfullypresentpeople’sdreams.C．Itwascreatedtodrawpeople’sbrains. D．Itcanproducepicturesfrompeople’sthoughts.29．HowdidtheAIsystemlearnabouthumanbrainactivity?A．Byanalyzingactivitiesofhumanthoughts. B．Bystudyingpatternsofbloodflowinthebrain.C．Byrecordingbrainscansfromfourparticipants. D．Byexamining10,000photosabouthumanbrains.30．HowdidtheAIsystemimprovethequalityofthefinalimages?A．Byemployinga“text-to-image”model. B．Byadjustingvariousbrainscandata.C．Bycombiningadditionalbrainscans. D．Byinputtingtextfromhumanobservers.31．Whatisthepotentialuseofthistechnologyaccordingtoscientists?A．Toimprovetext-to-imagemodels. B．Tocreatemoreaccuratebrainscans.C．Tolearnhowanimalsviewtheworld. D．Tohelppeopleinterprettheirdreams.DDuetosocialeventsinrecentyears,therelationshipbetweensocialmediaandteenagersmentalhealthhasbeenunderheateddiscussion.OnSept30aBritishcourtdecidedthatcontentonsocialmediaplatformscontributedtothedepressionof14-year-oldMollyRussell.Russellinteractedwith2,100postsrelatedlopessimistic,self-harminthesixmonths,leadinguptoherdepression,reportedtheObserverwebsite.Thecorrelationhasalsobeenprovedbyscience.Astudyin2019showedthatthefrequentuseofsocialmediabyteenagerscanleadtoadecreaseintheirmentalhealth.So,howcanwemakesurethatteenagerswon’tgethurtwhileusingsocialmedia?Chan,18,fromtheUniversityofMacaosharedherexperience.Chansaidthatsheoncecameacrossshortvideosromanticizingmentalillnessessuchasdepressionandanxiety.Sheimmediatelyreportedthemtotheplatform.Butshesaidthattheusers’powertoregulatevideosisstilllimited.“Itisultimatelytheresponsibilityofthesocialmediaplatformstofilteroutcontentthatispotentiallyharmful.”Shealsonoticedthattheageofsocialmediausershasbecomeincreasinglyyounger.Societyshouldpayattentiontothis,shesaid.“Sinceit’snotpossibletocutoffaccesstosocialmediaforyoungerusers,whynotintroducea‘supervisionmode’withwhichparentscanregulatethecontenttobeviewedbyteenagersbeforehand?”shesaid.WuChengyu,18,studiesatTianjinExperimentalHighSchool.Hesaidthatseveralyearsagohecameacrossagamethatluresteenagerstoself-abuseanddepression.Hequicklychosetoignoreitsohewouldn’tbeinfluenced.Thisisthesamewayhereactswhenexposedtonegativecontentonsocialmedia.InWu’sopinion,teenagerstodayshouldimprovetheirsocialmedialiteracy(素养),tellingrealfromfakeandgoodfrombad.“Also,everyonecanbeacontentcreatoronsocialmedia.”hesaid,“Weshouldallstrengthenourawarenessofethics”.32．WhatledtoRussell’sdepressionaccordingtoaBritishcourt?A．Herinteractionwithothersonline.B．Negativeinformationonsocialmediaplatforms.C．ShortvideosshewatchedontheInternet.D．Heraddictiontoonlineposts.33．WhichofthefollowingstatementsdoesChanprobablyagreewith?A．ThenumberofyoungerSocialmediausersshouldbelimited.B．Parentsshouldmonitorthecontenttobeviewedbyteenagersinadvance.C．Asupervisionmodeoughttobeintroducedbyparents.D．Itistheresponsibilityofthesocietytoromanticizementalillnesses.34．WhoshouldbeultimatelyresponsibleforremovingnegativecontentaccordingtoChan?A．Parents. B．SocialmediaplatformsC．Contentcreators. D．Socialmediaplatforms.35．WhatdoesWusuggestteenagersshoulddo?A．Usesocialmediawisely. B．Reducesocialmediausage.C．Stayawayfromonlinegames. D．Learnmoreaboutsocialmedia.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。FamilyLinkhaslotsofadvantagesthatmaybefavoredbyparents.Insidetheapp,youcancreateGoogleaccountsforyourchildren,sharinginformationliketheirnamesandbirthdates.36,thedeviceimmediatelyrequiresyoutologinandinstalltheFamilyLinkappontothedevicesoitcanbemonitored.37Ontheparent’sphone,bytappingonthechild’saccountprofileyoucanfollowachild’slocation.Youcanalsoapproveorrejectappsthatachildistryingtodownload.Soifyou’reworriedaboutanaddictivegame,simplyblocktheapps.ParentscanalsouseFamilyLinktocreaterestrictionsforhowchildrenbrowsetheweb.Youcanturnonafilter(过滤器)thatblocksbadwebsites,thoughGoogleacknowledgesthefilterisimperfectandsomeunpleasantsitesmaygetpastit.38,youcanalsorequirethechildtogetpermissionforeachsitevisited,blockingtheonesyoudisapproveof.39,whichcanbeusedtosetlimitsforhowlongachildcanuseaphoneeachday.Forinstance,youcouldgivethechildthreehoursonweekdays.Youcanalsoscheduleregularbedtimehoursthatlockdownthedeviceatspecifictimes.CarolineKnorr,theparentingeditorofCommonSenseMedia,whichevaluatescontentandproductsforfamilies,applaudedthescreentimefeature,notingthedifficultyofgettingchildrentoputdowntheirphones.40“It’snotaset-it-and-forget-itthingwhereparentsthink,”shesaid.“We’reallstilllearningthistechnology,andlifeisveryunpredictable.”A．ForamorepickyapproachB．ItisgoingtosolveallmyproblemsC．ThenwhenyourchildlogsintoaphoneD．Fromthere,FamilyLinkisabreezetouseE．ParentswillprobablyloveafeaturecalledscreentimeF．ButstickingwithtimelimitsandscheduleswouldbecomplicatedG．Parentscanalsogetaweeklyreporttoseehowoftenachildisusingacertainapp第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Sixty-year-oldDeborawasdiagnosed(诊断)withcancerafterdoctorsfoundatumorinherlung.Asthemother-of-sixreceivedthe41,shepreparedforwhatshefearedmightbeherlastChristmaswithherfamily.Themotherwasstill42bytheonepersonwhowasmissingfromherdinnertable.JacobistheonlyoneofDebora’schildrenwhohas43awayfromhome.Sincehebeganstudyingengineering1,500milesawayinCaliforniafiveyearsago,theexpensivedistancehas44thatithasbeenrareforthestudenttoflyhome.“Comingbackwas45difficultforme.”saidJacob.“Beingafull-timestudent,it’shardtocomeupwiththemoneyfor46.”However,Jacobsavedupandborrowedmoneyfromfriendssohecouldflyhomeand47heronChristmasEve.Jacob’ssisterBeckyfilmedthe48momentthatDeboraopenedthedooronDecember24thandsawhersonforthefirsttimesinceherdiagnosis.Theheartwarming49showsDeborawasexcitedasshehuggedhersonanddeclaresit“the50Christmasever”.“Whenwereceivedthediagnosis,it51mehard.Beingsofarawayfromallyourlovedonesduringatimelikethiswasalmostunbearable,”saysJacob.“52verykindfriendwholentthemoneyatthelastminute,Iwouldn’thavebeenabletomakeit.Iboughtaticketanddecidedtosurprisemymomby53onChristmasEve.”Thisstoryhasahappy54:Deborahasbeenmonitoredagainandstillshowsno55ofcancerandsheishealthyagain.41．A．invitation B．treatment C．education D．arrangement42．A．amazed B．confused C．frightened D．upset43．A．taken B．broken C．moved D．ran44．A．meant B．stressed C．intended D．reminded45．A．widely B．mainly C．exactly D．particularly46．A．books B．medicines C．flights D．accommodations47．A．surprise B．reward C．transport D．impress48．A．terrible B．special C．awkward D．creative49．A．video B．article C．picture D．story50．A．last B．best C．worst D．first51．A．hit B．pushed C．changed D．drove52．A．Dueto B．Apartfrom C．Butfor D．Insteadof53．A．takingoff B．showingup C．touchingdown D．settingout54．A．crossing B．turning C．ending D．beginning55．A．losses B．details C．clues D．signs第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。It’scommonknowledgethatmostpeoplelovebreakfast.Unfortunately,wehavealotofdifferenttypesofbreakfastsavailable,56makeschoosingadifficulttaskformanypeople.Forexample,somepeopleeatcereal(麦片粥)forbreakfastwhileothersprefereatinghotporridge,eggsandbacon.Inotherwords,thismealisoneofthemainthingsthatcouldstartyourday57agoodwayorruinit58(complete)dependingonwhatyouchoosetoeat.Weallknowthatpreparingamealforourfamilymembersshould59(do)withloveandcare.That’swhymanyparentsspendsomeextratime60(make)suretheirchildrenhaveeverythingthat’sneeded61(start)anewday.Manypeoplelikevarietyforbreakfastbecausetheydon’tfeellikeeating62samethingeverysingleday.That’swhymanyadultseatdifferentkindsofbreakfastseverymorningwithoutgetting63(bore).Afterall,thatmakestheir64(meal)morecolorful.Inshort,itdoesn’treallymatterwhatyouchooseforbreakfastaslongasyourwayoflifeisinorder,buthavinghealthyfoodonyourplates65(be)important.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Jim跟你写信提到，他感觉自己现在的身体素质没有以前好了，希望你能给他一些建议，如何保持身体健康。请你给他回信，内容包括：1.表示安慰；2.提出建议；3.表达祝愿。注意：1.词数应为80字左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。I’mnotgoingtosaystormsaregood,becauseIknowwhatthey’vestolenfrompeople.ButmystoryisofastormthatgavememorethanI’dthoughttoaskfor.Thetornado(龙卷风)blewthroughonaSunday.WewerevisitinggrandparentsinRaleighthen,unawarethatseventymilesawaythebigtreeinourfrontyardwastearingthroughourroofanddestroyingthekitchen.Whenwereturned,wesawRosica’sfatherandbrothersinouryard,gatheringdebris(碎片)andusingachainsawtocutthethickestbranchesofthefallentree,thoughwebarelyknewthemthen.Theywerecoveredinsweatanddirt.Mymomdidn’tseemtonoticehowhappytheyweretohelpusbecausethefirstthingshesaidwas“Oh,youdon’tneedtobedoi