专题04 巧记派生词（字母q-s）-备考2024年高考英语单词变形速记精练（解析版）

专题03速记派生词（字母q-s）一关联背诵qualifyv.（使）具有资格---adj.合格的qualifiedn.资格qualification2.reala.真实的---n.现实reality拓展：inreality实际上realizev.意识到，实现---adj.现实的realisticreasonn.原因---a.合理的reasonableadj.（不）合理的(un)reasonable4.recognizev.---n.认出，认可recognition（易错词）adj.（不）可识别的(un)recognizable5.recommendv.推荐---n.推荐recommendation句型It'srecommendedthat...6.recoverv.恢复---n.恢复recovery7.reducev.减少---n.减少reduction8.referv.参考，查阅，提及---n.参考，查阅reference9.referv.谈到---n.提及reference10.refusev.拒绝---n.拒绝refusal形近词：arrival,survival11.regretn.&v.遗憾----adj.遗憾的regretful12.regularadj.规则的;固定的---adj.不规则的irregularadv.有规律地regularlyregularcustomer老顾客13.relatev.有关---n.亲戚relativeberelatedto和……相关的14.relaxv.（使）放松---n.放松relaxationadj.感到轻松的relaxedadj.令人放松的relaxing15.relyvi.依赖;---adj.可靠的reliablen.可靠reliability句型：relyonitthat…;relyonsbtodosth指望某人做某事16.relievev.缓解---n.减轻，解除relief17.religionn.宗教---a.宗教的religious18.remainvi.剩下;保持(系动词）---adj.剩下的remainingtheremainingapples=theapplesleft19.remindv.提醒---n.提醒reminder20.repeatv.重复---n.重复repetition21.requirev.要求---n.要求requirement22.reservev.预定---n.预定reservation23.resistv.抵抗---n.抵抗resistance24.respondv.回应---n.回应response25.responsibleadj.负责的---n.责任responsibility(2022全国乙卷)adj.不负责任的irresponsible26.retirev.退休---n.退休retirement27.revisev.复习---n.复习revision28.rewardv.报答，给...报酬---adj.有回报的rewarding29.robv.抢夺，抢劫---n.抢劫者robbern.抢劫robbery30.safeadj.安全的n.保险柜---n.安全safety31.satisfyv.满足---n.满意satisfactionadj.感到满意的satisfiedadj.令人满意的satisfying/satisfactory32.scholarn.学者---n.奖学金scholarship33.scientistn.科学家---adj.科学的scientific34.seasonn.季；季节---a.季节的seasonal35.securea.安全的---n.安全security36.selfn.自己--a.自私的selfishadj.无私的selflessservevt.服务;---n.服务serviceserveas/workas/actas充当，作为...;servein服役38.settlev.安家，定居---n.定居地settlement39.shamen.羞耻，羞愧---adj.感到惭愧的ashamedadj.可耻的shameful40.sharpadj.锋利的，尖的;急促的---v.削尖sharpenasharpturn急转弯41.signv.---n.签名signature42.similaradj.相似的---n.相似similarityadv相似地similarly43.simplea.简单的simplyadv.简单地---v.简化simplify44.smellv.闻---adj.有臭味的smelly45.sociala.社会的；社交的---n.社会society46.sorryadj.难过的---n.悲伤，悲痛sorrow47.speciala.特别的，专门的---n.专家specialist48.spiritn.精神---a.精神的spiritual49.starvev.挨饿---n.饥饿starvation50.statev.陈述---n.陈述statement二速记练习qualifyv.（使）具有资格---adj.合格的__________n.资格_________reala.真实的---n.现实_________v.意识到，实现_________;adj.现实的__________3.reasonn.原因---a.合理的__________;adj.（不）合理的__________4.recognizev.---n.认出，认可__________;adj.（不）可识别的____________5.recommendv.推荐---n.推荐__________（句型It's___________that...)6.recoverv.恢复---n.恢复__________7.reducev.减少---n.减少__________8.referv.参考，查阅，提及---n.参考，查阅_________9.referv.谈到---n.提及_________10.refusev.拒绝---n.拒绝__________;11.regretn.&v.遗憾----adj.遗憾的_________12.regularadj.规则的;固定的---老顾客_____________adj.不规则的__________;adv.有规律地_________relatev.有关---n.亲戚_________;be__________to和……相关的14.relaxv.（使）放松---n.放松__________;adj.感到轻松的__________;令人放松的_________15.relyvi.依赖;---adj.可靠的____________;16.relievev.缓解---n.减轻，解除___________17.religionn.宗教---a.宗教的_________18.remainvi.剩下;保持(系动词）---adj.剩下的_________；19.remindv.提醒---n.提醒_________20.repeatv.重复---n.重复__________21.requirev.要求---n.要求___________22.reservev.预定---n.预定__________23.resistv.抵抗---n.抵抗____________24.respondv.回应responsen.回应____________25.responsibleadj.负责的---n.责任__________;adj.不负责任的__________26.retirev.退休---n.退休____________27.revisev.复习---n.复习____________28.rewardv.报答，给...报酬---adj.有回报的____________29.robv.抢夺，抢劫---n.抢劫者____________n.抢劫____________30.safeadj.安全的n.保险柜---n.安全____________31.satisfyv.满足---n.满意____________adj.感到满意的__________;adj.令人满意的___________32.scholarn.学者--n.奖学金____________33.scientistn.科学家---adj.科学的____________34.seasonn.季；季节---a.季节的____________35.securea.安全的---n.安全____________36.selfn.自己--a.自私的____________adj.无私的___________servevt.服务;n.服务__________38.settlev.安家，定居---n.定居地____________39.shamen.羞耻，羞愧---adj.感到惭愧的_________---adj.可耻的___________40.sharpadj.锋利的，尖的;急促的a_______turn急转弯---v.削尖sharpen____________41.signv.---n.签名____________42.similaradj.相似的---n.相似____________adv相似地____________simplea.简单的---adv.简单地____________v.简化____________44.smellv.闻---adj.有臭味的____________45.sociala.社会的；社交的---n.社会____________46.sorryadj.难过的---n.悲伤，悲痛____________47.speciala.特别的，专门的---n.专家____________48.spiritn.精神---a.精神的____________49.starvev.挨饿---n.饥饿____________50.statev.陈述---n.陈述____________三真题演练1.（2023年全国乙卷）The________(remark)developmentofthiscity,whichisconsciouslydesignedtoprotectthepastwhilesteppingintothemodernworld,meansthereisalwayssomethingnewtodiscoverhere,andIcouldbephotographingBeijingforthenext50years.2.（2023年新高考I卷）NomatterwhereIbuythem,onesteameris________(rare)enough,yettwoseemsgreedy,soIamalwaysleftwantingmorenexttime.3.(2022全国乙卷)Themoreregularlytheycanbeinspected,themorerailway____________(safe),reliabilityandon-timeperformancewillbeimproved.4.(2022全国乙卷)AsamainpromoteroftheInternationalTeaDay,thebirthplaceofteaandthelargesttea-producingcountry,Chinahasa____________（responsible）toworkwithothercountriestopromotethehealthydevelopmentoftheteaindustry.Itcanhelptobuildacommunitywithasharedfutureformankind,"hesaid.5.(天津卷)Mybrothersaid,"Whenyourmindfloatsaway,you_____________(simple)comeback.Don'tblameyourself."6.(全国甲卷)Themorewelook,themorewewillseethat____________(society)factorslikegender,race,andclassdonotdeterminetheappearanceofgenius.7.(山东卷)MrBissellskillfullyorganizeshistoricalinsightsandcultural____________(refer),makinghistaleawell-roundedpictureofUzbekistan,seenfromWesterneyes.8.(浙江卷)Thatyoungmanishonest,cooperative,alwaystherewhenyouneedhishelp.Inshort,he's____________(rely).9.(北京卷)Ifyouaren’t____________(satisfy),justwritetocustomerservicewithin21days.10.（浙江卷）Acoupleofyearsagofilm-makerDavidBondrealizedthathischildren,thenagedfiveandthree,wereattachedtoscreenstothepointwherehewasabletosay"chocolate"intohisthree-year-oldson'searwithoutgettinga____________(respond).答案：1.remarkable2.rarely3.safety4.responsibility5.simply6.social7.references8.reliable9.satisfied10.response四模拟演练1．Withtheserequirementsoftaichiinmind,Ifoundtomy(satisfy)thatmybalanceandflexibilityslowlyimproved.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】satisfaction【详解】考查名词。句意：考虑到太极的这些要求，我满意地发现我的平衡和灵活性慢慢地提高了。空前是形容词性物主代词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，satisfy的名词形式是satisfaction，不可数名词，toone'ssatisfaction“令某人满意的是”。故填satisfaction。2．Shehadherwallet(steal)onherwayhomeyesterday.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】stolen【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：昨天她在回家的路上钱包被偷了。分析句子结构可知，句中的谓语动词为使役动词had，所以空处需要非谓语动词作宾语补足语。动词steal和宾语herwallet之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。havesth.done在句中表示“（主语）遭受某种不幸的情况”。故填stolen。3．The(surround)villagesarebathedinfascinatingmoonlight,whichalmosttakesourbreathaway.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】surrounding【详解】考查形容词。句意：周围的村庄沐浴在迷人的月光下，几乎让我们屏住呼吸。空处需填形容词surrounding，作定语，修饰名词villages，意为“周围的”。故填surrounding。4．Pleaseexcusemeformy(rude)atyourbirthdayparty.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】rudeness【详解】考查名词。句意：请原谅我在你生日聚会上的粗鲁。由句意及空前的excusemeformy可知应填名词形式rudeness，作宾语。故填rudeness。5．Theweakteamsetoffwithoutany(expect)ofsuccess.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】expectation【详解】考查名词。句意：弱队出发了，对成功没有任何期望。空格处用名词作宾语，expect的名词是expectation，意为“期望”，此处是不可数名词，故填expectation。6．Theschoolisintended(remove)thebadeffectbroughtbythelabex