广东省中山市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

PAGEPAGE1广东省中山市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题第一部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFourideasforthebestEasterholidaysWhenthekidsbreakupfromschoolitcanbedifficulttochoosewhattodo.WiththeEasterholidaysjustaroundthecomer,herearefourdifferentideastoinspireyoutomakethemostofthebreak,whateveryourage.YorkBurstingwithmuseums,attractions,andeventsforeveryone,YorkistheperfectEasterholidaydestination.Goingwithgrandparents?They’lllovewalkingthecobbledstreetsforsweettreatsorstoppingforanafternoonteaatoneofthemanyhistorichotels.Orlearnaboutthediversehistoryofthisamazingcityatoneofthemuseums.Therereallyissomethingforeveryoneinthisattractivecity.BotanyBayBotanyBayisagreatspottospendadayrelaxingandplayingonthesands.LocatedinKentandwithlifeguardsonduty,it’sagreatspotforsurfing,exploringtherockpools,andhuntingforfossils.Foralongerstay,whynothireacarfortheEasterholidayandtakearoadtripalongtheKentishcoastBritishseasidebreak?BristolTraveltothesouthwesttoexplorebustling(熙熙攘攘的)Bristol.Bristolisfullofamazingrestaurantshousedinwarehousesthatremindyouofthecity’smaritimehistory.Therearealsowonderfulmuseums,amazingparksforpicnicsandgames,andevenasurfcentrenearby.Shop.eat,play—whateveryoufancydoing,Bristolhasitall.SnowdoniaHeadtoNorthWalesifyou’reaftersomewildadventures.Thereareplentyofhills,lakes,rivers,andbenchestoexplore,butifyourkidshavealotofenergytobum,thenMountSnowdoniashouldbeyourchoice.Standing1,085metrestall,it’ssuretoprovideanexcitingadventureforthewholefamily.Localguidesareavailabletoleadyoutothetop,ifyouwish.1.Wherewillafamilywithgrandparentschoosetogo?A.York B.BotanyBay. C.Bristol. D.Snowdonia.2.WhatdoBotanyBayandBristolhaveincommon?A.Parks. B.Restaurants. C.Fossilmuseums. D.Surfspots.3.WhatcanyoudoinSnowdonia?A.Haveapicnic. B.Playgames. C.Lookforfossils. D.Climbmountains.〖答案〗1.A2.D3.D【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个复活节可以去度假的地方。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Goingwithgrandparents?They’lllovewalkingthecobbledstreetsforsweettreatsorstoppingforanafternoonteaatoneofthemanyhistorichotels.(和祖父母一起去？他们会喜欢走在鹅卵石铺成的街道上吃甜食，或者在众多历史悠久的酒店之一停下来喝下午茶)”可知，有祖父母的家庭会选择去York。故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“LocatedinKentandwithlifeguardsonduty,it’sagreatspotforsurfing,exploringtherockpools,andhuntingforfossils.(它位于肯特郡，有救生员值班，是冲浪、探索岩石池和寻找化石的好地方)”以及第四段“Therearealsowonderfulmuseums,amazingparksforpicnicsandgames,andevenasurfcentrenearby.(这里还有很棒的博物馆，适合野餐和游戏的公园，附近甚至还有一个冲浪中心)”可知，植物湾和布里斯托尔的共同之处是冲浪点。故选D。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thereareplentyofhills,lakes,rivers,andbenchestoexplore,butifyourkidshavealotofenergytobum,thenMountSnowdoniashouldbeyourchoice.(这里有很多小山、湖泊、河流和长凳可供探索，但如果你的孩子有很多精力可以消耗，那么斯诺登山应该是你的选择)”可知，在斯诺登尼亚你能可以爬山。故选D。BAfterreturingfromhisjobasaculturalrelicsprotectionworker10yearsago,WangYongxiankepthisloveforancientChinesearchitecture(建筑)throughteaching.Nowaged73,hestillteachesacoursenamed“ConservationandRestorationofAncientChineseBuildings”ataUniversityinShanxiprovince.HismaininterestisDougong,aconstructionmethodthatusesinterlocking(紧密连接的)woodenpiecestoformstructures.ThemethodisoneofthemostimportantfeaturesofancientChinesearchitecture.WangalsostartedonlineclassestobetterexplainDougongtothosewhoshowedastronginterestinhiscourse.Followingasuggestionfromhisstudents,hebecameavloggerusingtheaccountname“Dougongclass”.TheaccountisregularlyupdatedwithshortvideoclipsWangproduceshimself.Heissurprisedthathisclassesaresopopularonsocialmedia.ThefirstsixlecturesonancientChinesebuildingsthatheuploadedoverasix-monthperiodhavereceived1.6millionviews.Tomakeiteasierfornewcomerstothesubjecttounderstand,WangmadeawoodenDougongmodel.Eachpartismarkedwithanumberorname,andthemodelcanbetakenapartandputtogether,aprocessthatWangfilmedandputonline.SomeviewerssaidthattheyhadlongbeenpuzzledbyDougongstructures,butfinallyunderstoodhowtheyworkafterwatchingthevideoof“Dougonggrandpa”.Wangsaidwhenhewasyoung,thebeautifulancienttemplesinhishometownhadignitedhisinterestinancientwoodenbuildingsandfinallyledhimtoturnhisinterestintoalifelongcareer.Whatmakeshimhappytodayisnotonlythatthegovernmentsetasidemoremoneyfortheresearchandprotectionofculturalrelics,butalsothatsocietyismoreawareoftheimportanceofsuchwork.Tohissurprise,about90percentofhismorethan100,000viewersonlinearebelowage30.ThatfactmakeshimmoreconfidentthataslongasthestoryofChineseancientarchitectureistoldintherightway,itcanattractmorepeople.4.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Dougongisawell-protectedChinesebuildingstructure.B.DougongisatraditionalChinesewoodenbuildingmethod.C.DougongisacoursewhichWangteachesafterretirement.D.Dougongisthemostimportantfeatureofancientarchitecture.5.WhatmadeWangavlogger?A.Theadvicefromhisstudents.B.Theonlinecourseheattended.C.Thepopularityofsocialmedia.D.Theawarenesstoattractviewers.6.WhatcanwelearnaboutWang’svlogfromparagraphs3and4?A.Itisupdatedbyhisstudents.B.Itprovestobeagreatsuccess.C.Itisintendedfornewcomers.D.Ithaspuzzledsomeviewers.7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ignited”inParagraph5mean?A.Ignored. B.Widened. C.Started. D.Changed.〖答案〗4.B5.A6.B7.C【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了文物保护者王永先退休后通过教学保持对中国古建筑的热爱，他在网络上开设的斗拱课程深受观众喜爱，让大家明白了斗拱的工作原理，王永先很高兴自己拥有很多年轻观众，希望吸引更多人关注和保护中国古建筑。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“HismaininterestisDougong,aconstructionmethodthatusesinterlocking(紧密连接的)woodenpiecestoformstructures.ThemethodisoneofthemostimportantfeaturesofancientChinesearchitecture.(他的主要兴趣是斗拱，一种使用紧密连接的木块形成结构的建筑方法。这种方法是中国古代建筑最重要的特征之一)”可知，斗拱是中国传统的木结构建筑方法。故选B项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Followingasuggestionfromhisstudents,hebecameavloggerusingtheaccountname“Dougongclass”.(在学生的建议下，他成为了一名视频博主，账号名为“斗拱课”)”可知，王永先是在学生的建议下成为视频博主的。故选A项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Heissurprisedthathisclassesaresopopularonsocialmedia.ThefirstsixlecturesonancientChinesebuildingsthatheuploadedoverasix-monthperiodhavereceived1.6millionviews.(他很惊讶自己的课程在社交媒体上如此受欢迎。他在六个月的时间里上传的关于中国古代建筑的前六个讲座已经获得了160万的点击量)”可知，王永先的视频课程很受欢迎，获得大量点击。由此可知，他的视频被证明是一个巨大的成功。故选B项。【7题详析】词句猜测题。根据画线词的上文“Wangsaidwhenhewasyoung,thebeautifulancienttemplesinhishometown(王说，当他年轻的时候，家乡美丽的古庙)”和下文“hisinterestinancientwoodenbuildingsandfinallyledhimtoturnhisinterestintoalifelongcareer(他对古代木结构建筑的兴趣，最终使他把兴趣变成了一生的事业)”可知，王永先在叙述自己如何对古代木结构建产生兴趣，继而从事该事业的过程。由此推知，家乡美丽的古庙引发了他的兴趣，画线词意思应该与start“开启，启动”一致。故选C项。CThereareplacesthatcallyourname.Thoughtimepasses,there’saneternal(永恒的)calling,anancientdrawtoexperiencetheirofferings.Egypthasalwaysbeenthatmagicalplaceforme.Iwantedtorideacamelaroundthepyramids.Iwantedtofeelconnectedtoanancientcivilization(文明)andhaveasenseofhowitspeoplesawlife,deathandrebirth.Thepandemic(流行病)mademydesiretovisitEgyptevenstronger.Ilostlovedoneslikemany.Oneoutcomeformewasareminderthatnooneknowswhat’saroundthecorner.Lifeispreciousandweneedtoliveitwhilewecan.IfIhavetorideacamel,thetimeisnow.ThecameladventurewasplannedformyseconddayinEgyptMyfour-leggedadventurepartner,namedHumphrey,andweeyedeachother.ThenIthrewmylegoverhisbackandtheownerorderedhimtostandupsolmovedtothebestpositionforpictures.Thesmileonmyfaceinthosephotosisneverbigger.Andthenthemostwonderfulthinghappened:Thecamelbosslookedatmeandasked,“Youridehorses?”Ireplied,“Yes”.Hethrewtheropeuptomeandsaid,“It’sjustlikeahorse.”Iwasshocked.“CanIgoanywhere?”Henodded.Forthenext25minutes,IrodewithHumphreyontheGizaPlateauadmiringthemostimpressiveviewoftheGreatPyramidofGiza,awonderfromtheancientworldthatbassurvivedtothepresentday.AsImademywayback,thecamelbossaskedifIwantedtogofaster.Ofcourse!DuringmybrieftimeontheplainsoftheMiddleEast,Ifeltitsmystery(神秘),butalsoalittlemagic.ReturninghometoCanada,Icontinuedtofeelthatmagicandmystery.Italsoaffirmed(证实)thatlifeisaboutlivingfullyeachday,butdeathispartoflife’spackage.Itcannotbeavoided,andtheEgyptiansacceptedthatviewnaturally.Theydidnotfeardeathbutplannedforitbylivingfully.8.WhydidtheauthorchooseEgypt?A.Toansweracallfromafriend. B.Toadmireancientdrawings.C.Tolearnhowtorideacamel. D.Toexperienceitscivilization.9.Whatdidtheauthorlearnfromthepandemic?A.Lifeisareminder. B.Takeimmediateaction.C.Treatourlovedoneswell. D.Getpreparedforthefuture.10.WhatdotheEgyptiansthinkofdeath?A.Theybelieveitnatural. B.Theyfeelitamagic.C.Theythinkitterrible. D.Theyrefusetofacet11.Whatmightthenextparagraphbeabout?A.Life. B.Magic. C.Rebirth. D.Civilization〖答案〗8.D9.B10.A11.C【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者想要去埃及体验当地的文明，而疫情让作者选择立即采取行动，文章描述了作者旅行时的所见所闻以及所感。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Iwantedtofeelconnectedtoanancientcivilization(文明)andhaveasenseofhowitspeoplesawlife,deathandrebirth.(我想感受一下与一个古老文明的联系，感受一下这个文明的人们是如何看待生命、死亡和重生的)”可知，作者选择埃及是为了体验它的文明。故选D。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Thepandemic(流行病)mademydesiretovisitEgyptevenstronger.Ilostlovedoneslikemany.Oneoutcomeformewasareminderthatnooneknowswhat’saroundthecorner.Lifeispreciousandweneedtoliveitwhilewecan.IfIhavetorideacamel,thetimeisnow.(这场流行病使我更加渴望访问埃及。我像许多人一样失去了亲人。对我来说，一个结果是提醒我，没有人知道即将发生什么。生命是宝贵的，我们要在力所能及的时候好好生活。如果我必须骑骆驼，现在是时候了)”可知，疫情让作者认识到应该立即采取行动。故选B。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Italsoaffirmed(证实)thatlifeisaboutlivingfullyeachday,butdeathispartoflife’spackage.Itcannotbeavoided,andtheEgyptiansacceptedthatviewnaturally.(它还肯定了生命就是充实地度过每一天，但死亡是生命的一部分。这是无法避免的，埃及人自然接受了这一观点。他们不惧怕死亡，而是以充实的生活为死亡做准备)”可知，埃及人认为死亡很自然。故选A。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“DuringmybrieftimeontheplainsoftheMiddleEast,Ifeltitsmystery(神秘),butalsoalittlemagic.ReturninghometoCanada,Icontinuedtofeelthatmagicandmystery.Italsoaffirmed(证实)thatlifeisaboutlivingfullyeachday,butdeathispartoflife’spackage.Itcannotbeavoided,andtheEgyptiansacceptedthatviewnaturally.Theydidnotfeardeathbutplannedforitbylivingfully.(在中东平原的短暂停留中，我感受到了它的神秘，但也有一点神奇。回到加拿大后，我继续感受到那种神奇和神秘。它还肯定了生命就是充实地度过每一天，但死亡是生命的一部分。这是无法避免的，埃及人自然接受了这一观点。他们不惧怕死亡，而是以充实的生活为死亡做准备)”可推知，最后一段讲述了死亡是生命的一部分，埃及人不惧怕死亡，而是以充实的生活为死亡做准备，故推测下一段可能讲述作者带着这些感悟迎来自己的“重生”。故选C。DSomebreathtakingbluelakesmaynotbesoblueinthefuture,thankstoclimatechange.Inthefirstglobalrecordoflakecolor,researchersfindthatroughlyone-thirdofEarth’slakesareblue.But,shouldaveragesummerairtemperaturesrisebyafewdegrees,someofthoseclearwaterscouldturnacloudygreenorbrown,theteamreportsintheSept.28GeophysicalResearchLetters.Thechangingcolorscouldchangehowpeopleusethosewatersandofferinformationaboutthebalanceoflakeecosystems.Lakecolordependsinpartonwhat’sinthewater,butfactorssuchaswaterdepthandsurroundinglandusealsomatter.Comparedwithbluelakes,greenorbrownlakeshavemorealgae(水藻)andorganicmatter,saysoneoftheresearchers.Thescientiststhenlooksatlocalclimatesduringthattimetoseehowtheymaybelinkedtolakecoloraroundtheworld.Lakesinplaceswithaveragesummerairtemperaturesthatwasbelow19°Cweremorelikelytobebluethanlakeswithwarmersummers,theresearchersfind.Ifaveragesummertemperaturesincreaseanother3°C—anamountthatscientiststhinkispossiblebytheendofthecentury—those3,800lakescouldturngreenorbrown.That’sbecausewarmerwaterhelpsalgaeproducemoreflowers,whichchangesthequalitiesofthewater,givingitagreen-browncolor,Yangsays.Ifsomelakesdobecomelessblue,peoplewillprobablylosesomeoftheresourcestheyhavecometovalue,saysO’Reilly,ascientistatSouthernMethodistUniversityinDalles.Butthecolorchangeswouldn’tnecessarilymeanthatthelakesareanylesshealthy.“Humansdon’tvaluelotsofalgaeinalake,butifyou’reacertaintypeoffishspecies,youmightbelikethisisgreat,”O’Reillysays.Lakecolorcanhintatthebalanceofalake’secosystemanditgivessicknessabasisforassessinghowclimatechangeisaffectingEarth’sfreshwaterresources.Continuedincreasingoflakescouldhelpscientistsdiscoverfuturechanges.12.Whichfactorconnectinglakecolorisn’tmentioned?A.Waterdepth. B.People’suseofwater.C.Surroundinglanduse. D.Contentsinthewater.13.Whycouldlakecolorchangeifaveragesummertemperaturesriseby3°C?A.Becausepeoplewilllosewhattheyvalue.B.Becausethequantitiesofthewaterischanged.C.Becausealgaegrowsmoreinwarmerwater.D.Because3800lakescouldturngreenorbrown.14.WhatisO’Reilly’sattitudetowardcolorchangeofthelakes?A.Doubtful. B.Positive. C.Disapproving. D.Objective.15.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Climatechangecouldchangelakecolor.B.Lakecolorshowstheheathconditionsoflakes.C.Thechangeoflakecoloraffectsthelakeecosystem.D.Colorchangeinlakesdoesharmtotheenvironment.〖答案〗12.B13.C14.D15.A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在第一个湖泊颜色的全球记录中，研究人员估计大约三分之一的地球湖泊是蓝色的，但是，研究小组在地球物理研究通讯中报告说，如果夏季平均气温上升几度，那么一些纯净的水就会变成绿色或棕色，湖泊的颜色可以暗示湖泊生态系统的平衡，它为评估气候变化如何影响地球淡水资源提供了基础，湖泊的持续增加可以帮助科学家发现未来的变化。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Lakecolordependsinpartonwhat’sinthewater,butfactorssuchaswaterdepthandsurroundinglandusealsomatter.”（湖泊的颜色在一定程度上取决于水中的成分，但水深和周围土地利用等因素也很重要。）可知，水深、周围土地利用和水的成分与湖泊的颜色相联系，所以人们对水的利用没有提及。故选B项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据文中第四段“Ifaveragesummertemperaturesincreaseanother3°C—anamountthatscientiststhinkispossiblebytheendofthecentury—those3,800lakescouldturngreenorbrown.That’sbecausewarmerwaterhelpsalgaeproducemoreflowers,whichchangesthequalitiesofthewater,givingitagreen-browncolor,Yangsays.”（如果夏季平均气温再上升3°C—科学家们认为到本世纪末这个数字是可能的—这3800个湖泊可能会变成绿色或棕色。杨说，这是因为温暖的海水有助于藻类开出更多的花朵，从而改变水质，使其呈现绿棕色。）可知，如果夏季平均气温上升3°C，湖泊颜色会发生变化，是因为藻类在温暖的水中生长得更多。故选C项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Ifsomelakesdobecomelessblue,peoplewillprobablylosesomeoftheresourcestheyhavecometovalue,saysO’Reilly,ascientistatSouthernMethodistUniversityinDalles.Butthecolorchangeswouldn’tnecessarilymeanthatthelakesareanylesshealthy.“Humansdon’tvaluelotsofalgaeinalake,butifyou’reacertaintypeoffishspecies,youmightbelikethisisgreat,”O’Reillysays.”（达尔斯南方卫理公会大学的科学家O’Reilly说，如果一些湖泊真的变得不那么蓝，人们可能会失去一些他们所珍视的资源。但颜色的变化并不一定意味着湖泊的健康状况会有所下降。O’Reilly说：“人类并不重视湖中的大量藻类，但如果你是某种类型的鱼类，你可能会觉得这很好。”）及最后一段“Lakecolorcanhintatthebalanceofalake’secosystemanditgivessicknessabasisforassessinghowclimatechangeisaffectingEarth’sfreshwaterresources.Continuedincreasingoflakescouldhelpscientistsdiscoverfuturechanges.”（湖泊的颜色可以暗示湖泊生态系统的平衡，它为评估气候变化如何影响地球淡水资源提供了基础。湖泊的持续增加可以帮助科学家发现未来的变化。）可知，在奥莱利看来，湖泊的颜色的变化未必就是一种灾难，要视情况而言，所以对于湖水颜色的变化，奥莱利的态度是客观的。故选D项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Inthefirstglobalrecordoflakecolor,researchersfindthatroughlyone-thirdofEarth’slakesareblue.But,shouldaveragesummerairtemperaturesrisebyafewdegrees,someofthoseclearwaterscouldturnacloudygreenorbrown,theteamreportsintheSept.28GeophysicalResearchLetters.(在第一次全球湖泊颜色记录中，研究人员发现地球上大约三分之一的湖泊是蓝色的。但是，如果夏季平均气温上升几度，一些清澈的海水可能会变成多云的绿色或棕色，研究小组在9月28日的《地球物理研究快报》上报告说。)”并结合全文可知文章主要介绍了在第一个湖泊颜色的全球记录中，研究人员估计大约三分之一的地球湖泊是蓝色的，但是，研究小组在地球物理研究通讯中报告说，如果夏季平均气温上升几度，那么一些纯净的水就会变成绿色或棕色，湖泊的颜色可以暗示湖泊生态系统的平衡，它为评估气候变化如何影响地球淡水资源提供了基础，湖泊的持续增加可以帮助科学家发现未来的变化，所以气候变化可能会改变湖泊的颜色。故选A项。第二节(共5小题,每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Notgettinggoodsleepcanharmyourhealthandmentalwell-being,leadingtoissueslikelowenergy,badfocus,andevendiseaseslikeAlzheimer’s.____16____.Inordertogetthatgoodnight’ssleep,herearesometipswhichcanhelp.Stickingtoasleeproutine____17____.Itisagreatwayofincreasingthequalityofyoursleep.Thisisbecausewearecreaturesofhabitandourbrainsknowwhentoexpectacertaineventortask.Ifyouareabletofromaroutinewhichseesyougotosleepatthesametimeeveryevening,you’llfinditfareasiertosleep.ReducingtechusebeforesleepWhenwelookatphoneortabletscreens,thelightfromthenactivatesourbrainsencouragesbrainactivitiesandkeepsusalert.Thisofcourseisthelastthingthatyouneedwhenyouaregoingtosleep.____18____SeeingatimeronyourTVtoturnoffatacertaintineisagoodidea.Thishelpspreventsuddennoisefromwakingyouupduringthenight.____19____Evennaturallightwillwakethebrainupandthisisalsowhyyoushoulddoallthatyoucantoensuremaximumlevelsofdarknessinyourbedroom.Evenifyouareabletofallasleepwiththelighton,yourbrainwon’tallowyoutofallintoadeepsleepbecausethelightwhichitrecognizeswillkeepitalert.WatchingyourdietTogetthebestqualityofsleepyou’dbettereatnothingbutwaterinthefinal3hoursbeforeyousleep.Rememberthatfoodisasourceofenergy.Ifyouhavealargemealbeforebed,yourbodywillmainlyfocusonbreakingdowntherecentlyeatennutrients(营养物质).____20____A.SleepingindarknessB.GotobedearlyandgetupearlyC.GotosleepatthesametimeeachnightD.KeepingenoughnaturallightinyourroomE.Therefore,yourbodywillnotgetthenecessaryrestandcellrepairF.That’swhyinthefinalhoursbeforeyousleep,youshouldavoidusingtechG.Sotheimportanceofgettingagreatnight’ssleepcannotbeundervalued〖答案〗16.G17.C18.F19.A20.E【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些建议以帮助我们睡个好觉。【16题详析】根据上文“Notgettinggoodsleepcanharmyourhealthandmentalwell-being,leadingtoissueslikelowenergy,badfocus,andevendiseaseslikeAlzheimer’s.(睡眠不好会损害你的健康和精神健康，导致精力不足、注意力不集中，甚至阿尔茨海默氏症等疾病)”可知，睡眠不好会损害身心健康。选项G“Sotheimportanceofgettingagreatnight’ssleepcannotbeundervalued(因此，睡个好觉的重要性不容低估)”是上文内容的自然延续，指的是睡眠不好会损害身心健康，因此睡个好觉很重要。故选G。【17题详析】根据下文“Itisagreatwayofincreasingthequalityofyoursleep.Thisisbecausewearecreaturesofhabitandourbrainsknowwhentoexpectacertaineventortask.Ifyouareabletoformaroutinewhichseesyougotosleepatthesametimeeveryevening,you’llfinditfareasiertosleep.(这是提高睡眠质量的好方法。这是因为我们是习惯的生物，我们的大脑知道什么时候该期待某个事件或任务。如果你能养成每天晚上在同一时间睡觉的习惯，你会发现睡觉要容易得多)”可知，本段主要讲述的是要养成每天晚上同一时间睡觉的习惯。选项C“Gotosleepatthesametimeeachnight(每晚在同一时间睡觉)”与下文内容一致，指的是每晚在同一时间睡觉。故选C。【18题详析】根据上文内容“Whenwelookatphoneortabletscreens,thelightfromthenactivatesourbrainsencouragesbrainactivitiesandkeepsusalert.Thisofcourseisthelastthingthatyouneedwhenyouaregoingtosleep.(当我们看手机或平板电脑屏幕时，它们发出的光会激活我们的大脑，促进大脑活动，让我们保持警觉。这当然是你睡觉时最不需要的东西)”可知，手机或平板电脑屏幕的光是我们睡觉时最不需要的东西。故选F“That’swhyinthefinalhoursbeforeyousleep,youshouldavoidusingtech(这就是为什么在睡觉前的最后几个小时里，你应该避免使用科技产品)”是上文内容的自然延续，指的是因为手机或平板电脑屏幕的光是我们睡觉时最不需要的东西，所以我们在睡觉前几个小时最好避免使用科技产品。故选F。【19题详析】空处为小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文内容“Evennaturallightwillwakethebrainupandthisisalsowhyyoushoulddoallthatyoucantoensuremaximumlevelsofdarknessinyourbedroom.Evenifyouareabletofallasleepwiththelighton,yourbrainwon’tallowyoutofallintoadeepsleepbecausethelightwhichitrecognizeswillkeepitalert.(即使是自然光也会唤醒大脑，这也是为什么你应该尽你所能确保卧室里最大程度的黑暗。即使你能在开着灯的情况下入睡，你的大脑也不会让你进入深度睡眠，因为它所识别的光线会让它保持警觉)”可知，本段主要讲述的是只要有光，大脑就会保持警觉，无法进入深度睡眠。由此可知，本段讲述的是要让自己在黑暗的环境中入睡。选项A“Sleepingindarkness(在黑暗中睡觉)”正是本段主要内容。故选A。【20题详析】根据上文内容“Togetthebestqualityofsleepyou’dbettereatnothingbutwaterinthefinal3hoursbeforeyousleep.Rememberthatfoodisasourceofenergy.Ifyouhavealargemealbeforebed,yourbodywillmainlyfocusonbreakingdowntherecentlyeatennutrients(营养物质).(为了获得最好的睡眠质量，你最好在睡觉前的最后3个小时里除了水什么都不吃。记住，食物是能量的来源。如果你在睡前吃了一顿大餐，你的身体将主要专注于分解最近摄入的营养)”可知，如果在睡前吃大餐，身体将专注于分解最近摄入的营养。选项E“Therefore,yourbodywillnotgetthenecessaryrestandcellrepair(因此，你的身体不会得到必要的休息和细胞修复)”是上文内容的自然延续，指的是如果身体将专注于分解最近摄入的营养，就不会得到必要的休息和细胞修复。故选E。第二部分语言运用(共三节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Attheageof104,DorothyHoffnerachievedwhatfewwoulddare—she____21____aGuinnessWorldRecordbyskydivingfrom13,500feetfromChicago.Dorothyfirsttriedskydivingat100.Thisweek,shebeatherself,leavingherwalkerontheground，____22____outofaplane,and____23____gracefullyinOttawa,Illinois.Sinceheryouth,Dorothyhadtakenup____24____,evendrivingacrossthecountryonherown.Her____25____andloveforlifewereobviousinherdecisiontotaketotheskiesinhergoldenyears.Whenaskedaboutheramazingachievement,Dorothydidn’tmakeabigdealaboutitandsimplysaid,“Agedoesn’treallymatter.”Herwordsreallyshowedthe____26____andenergyshehad.Dorothyhadfacedmanychallengesthroughoutherlongand____27____life.Forexample,she____28____theSpanishfluandotherpandemics,andsheneverletthosethingsgetherdown.Shealwayshadthisunbelievable____29____thatmadeherwantto_____30_____herselfandtrynewthings.AsnewsofDorothy’s_____31_____achievementspread,shebecamea_____32_____ofhopeandinspirationworldwide.Herstoryparticularityawokethepassions(激情)ofthosefacingtheirownchallenges,_____33_____themtoembracelife’sadventuresdespitetheirsituations.Dorothyservesasalivingexampleofthefamoussaying,“It’snevertoolate,”inspiringusallto_____34_____ourpassionsand_____35_____regardlessofourage.21.A.lost B.broke C.remained D.brought22.A.pushing B.pulling C.jumping D.falling23.A.flying B.climbing C.diving D.landing24.A.challenges B.changes C.creations D.chances25.A.restlessness B.helplessness C.fearlessness D.pointlessness26.A.ability B.wisdom C.knowledge D.patience27.A.exciting B.satisfying C.frustrating D.disappointing28.A.saved B.cured C.rescued D.survived29.A.pride B.creativity C.spirit D.joy30.A.push B.pull C.bring D.lock31.A.special B.unusual C.extra D.separate32.A.signal B.gift C.lack D.symbol33.A.encouraging B.challenging C.demanding D.threatening34.A.control B.share C.follow D.resist35.A.emotions B.actions C.fears D.dreams〖答案〗21.B22.C23.D24.A25.C26.B27.A28.D29.C30.A31.B32.D33.A34.C35.D【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位名叫DorothyHoffner的104岁老妇人跳伞的故事，以及她如何通过自己的勇气和热情激励了全世界的人们追求自己的激情和梦想。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：104岁时，DorothyHoffner完成了很少有人敢做的事——她从芝加哥13500英尺高空跳伞，打破了吉尼斯世界纪录。A.lost失去；B.broke破纪录；C.remained仍然；D.brought带来。根据空后的“aGuinnessWorldRecord”以及下文“AsnewsofDorothy’s______achievementspread,shebecamea________ofhopeandinspirationworldwide.”可推测，她是打破了吉尼斯世界纪录。故选B。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：本周，她打败了自己，把助步器留在地上，从飞机上跳下来，优雅地降落在伊利诺伊州的渥太华。A.pushing推；B.pulling拉；C.jumping跳；D.falling下降。根据上文内容“Attheageof104,DorothyHoffnerachievedwhatfewwoulddare—she________aGuinnessWorldRecordbyskydivingfrom13,500feetFromChicago.”可知，Dorothy完成了跳伞，由此可知，她是从飞机上跳下来。故选C。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：本周，她打败了自己，把助步器留在地上，从飞机上跳下来，优雅地降落在伊利诺伊州的渥太华。A.flying飞；B.climbing爬；C.diving跳水；D.landing降落。根据上文的“Attheageof104,DorothyHoffnerachievedwhatfewwoulddare—she_______aGuinnessWorldRecordbyskydivingfrom13,500feetFromChicago.”可知，她打破了吉尼斯世界纪录，也就是说她跳伞成功了。由此可推测，她是降落在渥太华。故选D。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：从年轻时起，Dorothy就开始接受挑战，甚至独自驾车穿越全国。A.challenges挑战；B.changes改变；C.creations创作；D.chances机会。根据下文“Dorothyhadfacedmanychallengesthroughoutherlongand_______life.”可知，从年轻时，Dorothy就不断接受挑战。故选A。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的无畏和对生活的热爱体现在她决定在她的黄金岁月里飞向天空。A.restlessness辗转不安；B.helplessness无助；C.fearlessness不畏惧；D.pointlessness钝的。根据上文内容可知，Dorothy面对挑战，表现出的是一种无畏。故选C。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的话确实显示了她的智慧和活力。A.ability能力；B.wisdom智慧；C.knowledge知识；D.patience耐心。根据上文“Whenaskedaboutheramazingachievement,Dorothydidn’tmakeabigdealaboutitandsimplysaid,“Agedoesn’treallymatter.””可知，在经历了如此多的挑战后，Dorothy的话展现的是她的智慧。故选B。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Dorothy在她漫长而激动人心的一生中经历了许多挑战。A.exciting令人激动的；B.satisfying令人满意的；C.frustrating令人沮丧的；D.disappointing令人失望的。根据上文“Attheageof104,DorothyHoffnerachievedwhatfewwoulddare—she________aGuinnessWorldRecordbyskydivingfrom13,500feetFromChicago.Dorothyfirsttriedskydivingat100.”以及“evendrivingacrossthecountryonherown”可知，她的一生是激动人心的一生。故选A。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，她在西班牙流感和其他流行病中幸存下来，她从未让这些事情击垮她。A.saved挽救；B.cured治愈；C.rescued救援；D.survived幸存。根据空后的“theSpanishfluandotherpandemics,andsheneverletthosethingsgetherdown”可知，Dorothy经历流感而幸存了下来。故选D。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她总是有一种令人难以置信的精神，让她想要推动自己，尝试新事物。A.pride自豪；B.creativity创作力；C.spirit精神；D.joy高兴。根据上文“sheneverletthosethingsgetherdown”可知，Dorothy面对挑战时的不退缩所展现出的是一种精神。故选C。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她总是有一种令人难以置信的精神，让她想要推动自己，尝试新事物。A.push推动；B.pull拉；C.bring带来；D.lock锁。根据下文的“trynewthings”可知，她总是推动自己去尝试新的事物。故选A。【31题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着Dorothy非凡成就的消息传开，她成为了全世界希望和鼓舞的象征。A.special特别的；B.unusual不同寻常的；C.extra额外的；D.separate独自的。根据上文内容可知，Dorothy104岁的时候打破了吉尼斯纪录，这样的成就是非凡的，不同寻常的。故选B。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着Dorothy非凡成就的消息传开，她成为了全世界希望和鼓舞的象征。A.signal信号；B.gift礼物；C.lack缺乏；D.symbol象征。根据空后的“hopeandinspirationworldwide”以及下文“Herstoryparticularityawokethepassions(激情)ofthosefacingtheirownchallenges”可知，她成为了人们心目中希望的象征，鼓舞着其他人。故选D。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的故事的特殊性唤醒了那些面对自己挑战的人的激情，鼓励他们不管处境如何都要拥抱生活的冒险。A.encouraging鼓励；B.challenging挑战；C.demanding要求；D.threatening威胁。根据下文“Dorothyservesasalivingexampleofthefamoussaying,“It’snevertoolate,”inspiringusallto_______ourpassions”可知，她的人生鼓励着他人。故选A。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Dorothy是一句名言的活生生的例子，“永远不会太迟”，激励我们所有人追随自己的激情和梦想，而不管我们的年龄。A.control控制；B.share分享；C.follow追随；D.resist抵制。根据上文的“Herstoryparticularityawokethepassions(激情)ofthosefacingtheirownchallenges,_______themtoembracelife’sadventuresdespitetheirsituations.”可知，她的故事激励了他人，由此可知，她的故事激励着他人追随自己的激情。故选C。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Dorothy是一句名言的活生生的例子，“永远不会太迟”，激励我们所有人追随自己的激情和梦想，而不管我们的年龄。A.emotions情绪；B.actions行为；C.fears害怕；D.dr