2022届高考英语一轮复习阅读理解专项训练（十六）

*A

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案.

IntheUnitedStates,anationfatterthananyother,runningremainsthemost

popularworkoutactivity.ThafsaccordingtoaFitbitanalysisoffitnesstrackeruser

data.Here'sthecruelfact,though:Runningmilesatatimedoesn'tshedfatas

efficientlyasotherformsofexercise.Insomeways,itdoesn'thelpmuchatall.

AsfitnessauthorLouSchulerexplainsinhisbook,TheNewRulesofLiftingFor

Women,relyingonlong-distancerunningtoloseweightbecomesakeyproblem.The

humanbody,ever-resourceful,eventuallyadaptstotherepetitivenatureofrunning.

Thatmeansthebodyburnsfewercaloriesfbrthesameamountofwork."Ifyourgoal

istobeleaner,thengreaterenduranceisn'treallytoyourbenefit,Schulersays.

Dr.WilliamRoberts,aformerpresidentoftheAmericanCollegeofSports

Medicine,said,“ButifI'mlookingatagymandlookingatwhatIcanget,it's

whateverIcanusethatmovesandworksthemostmusclegroupsatthesametime.”

“Thatmeansaddingstrengthtrainingtoanypurerunningroutine,^Robertssaid,"the

latterofwhichneglectsupperbodymuscles.”"Losingweightrequiresabout40to60

minutesofactivitymostdaysoftheweek,“hesaid.uIfyoucanbuildstrengthand

buildmusclemass,you'regoingtoburnmorecalories,Robertssaid.Thafsbecause

strengthtrainingcausestinytearsinthemuscles.Thoserequirecaloriesastheyrepair,

meaningyourbodykeepsworkinglongafteryouleavethegym.

Ifyouloverunning,fearnot:Sprintingmayworkaswell.Astudyfromthe

UniversityofWesternOntarioaskedonegroupofpeopletorunataslow,steadypace

for30to60minutes,threetimesperweek.Anothergroupran30-secondsprints,

betweenfourandsixofthem,threetimeseachweek一awaylesstime-intensive

routine.Thesprintersshedmorethantwicethebodyfatofthejoggersaftersixweeks,

whilegainingsomemusclemass.

1.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.Longdistancerunningdoesn'thelplosingweight.

B.UnitedStatesisanationfatterthananyother.

C.Runningisbecomingmoreandmorepopular.

D.Theefficiencymeanstoburnoutthecalories.

2.WhatconclusiondidSchulerdraw?

A.Humanbodyhasthenatureofrunning.

B.Longrunningimprovestheendurance.

C.Nocaloriesareburnedintherunning.

D.Longrunningisn'thelpfulatall.

3.Whydoesstrengthandmuscletrainingburnmorecalories?

A.Becauseitusesonemusclegroupatthesametime.

B.Becauseithassomeeffectevenafterthepractice.

C.Becausestrengthtrainingmakesthemusclestiny.

D.Becauselosingweightrequiresanhourofactivity.

4.Whatissprinting?

A,Runningfastinashorttime.

B.Jogginginthefaststyle.

C.Gainingsomemusclemass.

D.Runningatasteadypace.

★B

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案.

Whetherit'sacampingholidayinthecountrysideoraweekendbikeride,the

expertsareinagreement:thehealthiestthingyoucandoasafamilythissummeristo

simplystepoutdoors一andgetmoving.

Tomaintainabasiclevelofhealth,childrenaged5to18shouldgetatleastone

hourofphysicalactivityeveryday.However,newfiguresshowthatonly22percent

ofchildreninEnglandachievethis.Inchildrenunderfive,lessthanoneinten

meettheguidelinesfortheirage.

Childrenspendmuchtimeonsocialmedia,infrontofcomputerscreens,

televisionsanddevices,puttingthematanincreasedriskofconditionsinlaterlife,

suchastype2diabetesandheartdisease.Effectscanbeemotionaltoo:numerous

studieshavefoundthatBritishchildrenaresomeoftheunhappiestintheworld.A

recentinternationalstudyputtheUK38thoutof48countriesforhappinessof

15-year-olds.

Thegoodnewsisthatmeetingthedailyexerciseandscreen-timerequirements

canmakeahugedifference.Lastweek,aUSstudyfoundthatchildrenwhofollow

thegovernmentadviceonphysicalactivity,screentimeandsleephavean89percent

lowerriskofbeingobese.Here,ourexpertsshowwhyit'stimetogetyourchildren

andgrandchildrentoputdowntheiriPhones,tabletsandgamecontrollersandget

busyoutside...

LeadingneuroscientistBaronessSusanGreenfieldisabroadcasterandwriterof

numerousbooksincludingMindChange,whichlooksattheeffectsoftechnologyuse

onyoungminds.Shesays,"Studieshaveshownthatphysicalactivitycanimprove

learningskills.Weknowthatexercisecanhelpthegrowthofbraincells.Recentdata

suggeststhatphysicallyactivechildrenhavemoreactivebrains.Researchersfound

thatafter20minutesofactivity,childrenscoredbetterinreading,spellingandmaths,

whilejustoneactivelessonatschoolresultedina21percentreductioninthetime

teachersspentmanagingbehaviour.

1.Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellthereaders?

A.Peopleshouldhaveaverylongholiday.

B.It'sbadforustogettogetherinsummer.

C・Goingouttoexercisebenefitsusmuch.

D.It'seffectivetodosportsinsummer.

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“theguidelines“referto?

A.Childrenshouldexercisemorethanonehouraday.

B.Only22%childreninEnglandreachthestandard.

C.Thehealthiestthingyoucandoistostopthemedia.

D.Morechildrenwillsufferfromtheheartdiseasesoon.

3.Whatwillthedailyexercisehelpwiththechildren?

A,Theywon'tsufferfromthetype2diabetes.

B・Theywillbecomethehappiestintheworld.

C.Theywillmostlyhavethestandardweight.

D.Theywillputdowntheirbooksagain.

4.Howdoesthephysicalactivityaffectthechildren'sstudy?

A.Itwillmaketheirlearningskillsbetter.

B.Itwillmakethestudentsactiveathome.

C.Itwillgetthemscorelessinreading.

D.Itwilltakethechildrenmoretime.

★C

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案.

Drinkingbeetroot（甜菜）juicebeforeexercisecouldtakeyearsoffyourbrain.

Combiningthedrinkwithexercisestrengthenscertainregionsofthebrain,makingit

appearmoreyouthfulandpotentiallypreventingtheorgan5sdecline.This

findingcouldhelppeoplewhoareattheriskofbraindeterioration（恶化）toremain

functionallyindependent,suchasthosewithafamilyhistorywhohavesufferfrom

thebraindamage.Beetrootjuicedpowerlikelyliesinitsnitricoxidecontent,which

bothincreasesbloodflowtothebrainandimprovesexerciseperformance.

StudyauthorProfessorJackRejeskisaid,“Nitricoxideisareallypowerful

material.Itgoestotheareasofthebodywhichneedoxygen,andthebrainisaheavy

feederofoxygeninyourbody.Comparedtoexercisealone,addingabeetrootjuice

supplementtoexerciseresultedinbrainimprovementthatcloselyresembleswhatyou

seeinyoungeradults.”

ScientistsfromWakeForestUniversity,NorthCarolina,studied26menand

womenaged55andolderwhodidnotexerciseandhadhighbloodpressure.Some

participantsweregivenbeetrootjuiceonehourbeforewalkingfor50minuteswithout

havingarest,whileothersdidthesameexercisebutwithoutthedrink.Thiswas

repeatedthreetimesaweekforsixweeks.Thosewhodrankthejuicehadhealthier

brains,includingtheregionsinvolvedinmovement,emotionandcognitivefunction.

Thescientistsalsofoundhigherlevelsofnitrateinthosewhodrankthe

juice.Beetrootcontainsnitrate,whichisfirstturnedtonitriteandthennitricoxidein

thebody.ThiscomesafterresearchersfromQueenMaryUniversityofLondonfound

onedailyglassof250mlbeetrootjuicelowersbloodpressure.

1.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“Thisfinding^^referto?

A.Thebenefitsdrinkingbeetrootbringsin.

B.Certainregionsofthebraingrowinglarge.

C.Drinkingalotofwaterbeforeexercise.

D.Preventingtheorgan*sdeclineisimpossible.

2.Whydoesthebeetrootjuiceimprovethebrainimprovement?

A.Becauseitincludesnitricoxide.

B.Becauseitbringstheriskofbraindeterioration.

C.Becauseitreducestheexercise.

D,Becauseitstopsthebloodflowinthebrain.

3.Howmanytimesdidtheparticipantsexerciseinthetest?

A.3times.

B.6times.

C.12times.

D.18times.

4.Wherecanyoufindthearticle?

A.Inatravelguide.

B.Inaweathermagazine.

C.Inasciencemagazine.

D.Inagoodnovel.

★D

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案.

Exposuretomorelightduringthedayandlesslightatnightisimportantfor

healthysleeppatternsbecauseithelpstokeeptherightbodyclock,thestudyteam

writesinthejournalSleepHealth.Theresultssuggestthatinofficeenvironment,

beingexposedeithertodaylightorelectriclightsthatarerichinshortwavebluelight

maybeimportantforthehealthofworkers.""Manyofficebuildingsmayactuallybe

movinginthedirectionofreducinglight,“saidFigueiro."Muchhasbeendoneto

reducelightlevelstopromoteenergyefficiency,whichisimportant,butwemaybe

goingtoofarinthisdirection.sheadded,“Weneedtostartthinkingabouthowwe

lightourdaytimeenvironment.^^

Toseewhethertypicalofficeworkersgetenoughlighttoregulatetheir

sleep-wakecycle,thestudyteamfoundparticipantsinfivegovernmentoffice

buildingsacrosstheUnitedStates.Atotalof109employeesworkingattheoffices

worelight-measuringdevicesforoneweekinsummertime,and81ofthese

participantsrepeatedtheexperimentinwinteraswell.Theofficeworkerswrotedown

theirsleepandwaketimeandcompletedquestionnairesabouttheirmoodandsleep

qualityattheendofeachstudyperiod.

Researchersfoundthatpeoplewhowereexposedtogreateramountsoflight

duringthemorninghours,between8amandnoon,fellasleepmorequicklyatnight

comparedtothoseexposedtolowlightinthemorning.Peoplegettingmoremorning

lightwerealsolesslikelytoreportfeelingsofdepressionandstress.

Officeworkerswhowereexposedtohighlevelsoflightallday,from8amto5

pm,alsoreportedlowerlevelsofsleepdisturbanceanddepression.

Alackofgoodqualitysleephasbeenlinkedtomentalandphysicalhealth

problems,includingissueswithmood,thinkingandtheimmunesystem.Thereare

manyeasythingswecandoduringthedaytoincreaseourexposuretosunlightthat

couldhavebeneficialeffec