考点05阅读理解技巧-高一英语寒假大培优讲义

考点05阅读理解技巧·模块一阅读理解解题步骤·模块二阅读理解技巧及特训·模块三实战演练15篇（2024年四校八校精选考题）模块模块一阅读理解解题步骤（一）考核目标1.能理解文章的基本内容；2.能归纳文章的主旨大意；3.能推测文章中的隐含意思；4.能根据上下文正确理解词语和句子；5.能运用阅读技能完成不同文体的阅读任务。（二）题型设置基本题型及题形特征主旨大意题主要考察学生对所读材料中心思想的概括。其考察形式有很多，如概括标题、主题、中心思想或目的大意等；细节理解题主要考察考生对阅读材料中的某一具体事实和细节的理解。这一题型常见的命题方式有：事实认定题、排序题、图形辨认题、数字运算题；推理判断题主要考查学生根据文章的字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓意等。推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题；判断词义题主要考察考生根据一定的上下文猜测生词的词义能力。要求从句子结构、段落、文章中推断或根据构词法推断词义。模块模块二阅读理解技巧（三）答题技巧1.

采用先题后文。先读题目，再带着问题读文章。读一题看一段文章，做完一题再看下一题。这类阅读理解文章相对来说事实细节题稍多一点，如果带着问题读文章，有利于我们抓细节。2.理解与速度考生要处理好理解与速度的关系。答题时要力求情绪平稳，不要一味追求速度而影响理解的准确性；不要拘泥于一词一句的理解；不要遇到不懂的地方就反复读，影响阅读速度。比较好的阅读方法是边看边想边理解。遇到生词或看不懂的地方先做个记号，继续看下去，因为一些疑难点往往会在下文中得到解决。

关于阅读速度，难度中等的文章应为每分钟60个单词左右；难度较低、生词不超过总词汇量20％的材料，阅读速度应为每分钟70个单词左右。一般来说，“超纲”而又影响阅读理解的词汇都会用中文标出词义。只有保证了阅读的速度才有可能在规定时间内完成阅读、复读及答题的任务。3.阅读训练方式在训练方式方面要力求多样化。常见的阅读训练方式有：掠读、寻读、精读和泛读等。在掠读、寻读时要掌握查阅的技巧。查阅时考生应迅速找到某一特定信息在短文中的位置，并以这个位置为中心，扩展到上文和下文，寻求正确答案。考生要学会用扫视的方法寻找信息。扫视时，眼睛要纵向而不是横向移动。运用扫视来扩大视觉范围能帮助考生又快又准确地捕捉到想要查找的信息。

考生应根据阅读目的选择阅读方式，调整阅读速度，合理分配阅读时间。4.生词处理考生在阅读时一定会碰上生词或记不清楚的词汇。遇到这种情况时，考生可以通过上下文猜测词义。具体方法如下：（1）根据生词前后词汇的意思或整个句子的意思来猜测生词。例如：Theoldmanputonhisspectaclesandbegantoread.根据句子后部分begantoread可以猜出spectacle的意思为‘“眼镜”。（2）根据语法知识和标点符号来猜测生词。例如：Theywillbeonthenightshiftfrommidnightto6a.m.nextweek.此句两个破折号之间的部分表明nightshift是“夜班”的意思。（3）根据说明词义的定语从句来猜测生词。例如：Thetypeofmeteriscalledmultimeter,whichisusedtomeasureelectricity.从上句中的定语从句可以推断出multimeter是“万能表”的意思。（4）根据已知事实细节来猜测生词。例如：ThefamilyhadjustmovedandtheyoungwomanwasfeelingalittlemelancholyonthatSundayinMay.Afterall,itwasMother’sdayand800milesseparatedherfromherparentsinanotherstatefaraway.根据上下文的陈述，“刚刚搬家，远离父母，正好是星期天，又是母亲节，而两代人却天各一方”等事实，可以推断出年轻妻子当时忧郁、伤感的心情，并由此猜测出生词melancholy的意思。（5）学会只猜测生词的大概意思，而不必追求其准确含义。例如：TheAsiangibbon,likeotherapes,isespeciallyadaptedforlifeintrees.在这句话中，考生只要猜出自gibbon是apes（类人猿）的一种就行了，毋须知道其准确意思。（6）运用构词法判断生词的词义，也是提高阅读速度的一种技巧。考生可以通过已知的

词缀（包括前缀和后缀）和词根就能猜测生词的含义。例如，单词telescope由前缀tele（意思是far）和scope（意思是instrumentforseeingorobserving）构成，整个单词的意思是“望远镜”。为了熟练使用构词法知识猜测生词，考生在平时应多积累词缀以及词根方面的知识。5.利用信号词进行预测和推测

在阅读过程中，为了既迅速又准确地理解文章的含义，利用信号词预测非常重要。信号词可以揭示句子内在关系或文章各部分之间的关系（见下表）。特别是在快速阅读时，它能帮助考生预测文章信息，提高阅读速度。部分信号词及其所预示的信息:however,onthecontrary,although等信号词引出的内容是与上文相反的论述，或作者不同的观点

similarly,equally,also,besides,furthermore,inotherwords等下文与前面所讲内容相同或相似

forexample,forinstance等具体例证，说明上文中的论点

foronething,ontheotherhand等下文还有另外一方面

inaword,inshort等后面的句子是对上文的总结

actually,infact,thepointis…,astudysurveyfound/showed/provedthat…等后面的句子往往是作者想要表达和强调的内容或观点此外，在利用信号词进行预测时，考生还需注意以下三点：（1）遇到预示前后内容相同或相近，或者补充说明的信号词时，可以适当加快阅读速度，或借此推测生词的词义。（2）文中出现的频率较高的实词可以帮助考生确定文章的主旨大意。（3）出现代词I,we,my,our,转折词but,however,yet，情态动词must,should,oughtto,连词although,though。其后所述内容与刚提到的内容相反，或暗示作者的观点和态度等信号词时，要放慢阅读速度，因为其附近的信息往往是命题和答题的主要线索或依据。（四）解题策略考查组织结构的文章通常行文组织结构都比较清晰、规范，因此，具备文体、写作方式和文章组织结构方面相关知识对于有效解答此类题目具有至关重要的作用。记叙文可以采取以时间为序、以地点为序、以故事情节发展为序（开端、发展、高潮、结局）等叙事方式进行写作。以故事情节为序又可以不按照时间的先后顺序叙述，比如，先写结局，再写其他,最后写高潮，这种叙事手法叫做倒叙。议论文总体上可以分为四类：第一类，“提出论点——分论点一——分论点二——分论点三……——结论”；第二类，“引入段——导出论点——分点论述——结论”；第三类，“提出问题——分析问题——解决问题”；第四类，“提出反面观点——批驳反面观点——提出正面观点”。3)说明文往往采取下定义、举例子、列数字、对比或比较等说明方式进行写作，而这些说明方式都是为了使文章要说明的内容或问题更加清晰明了、真实可信，或者更具说服力。模块模块三实战演练15篇一、阅读选择（2023上·上海·高一位育中学校考期中）MaketheMostofCollegeDearDaughter,AswedroveofffromColumbia,Iwantedtowritealettertoyoutotellyouallthatisonmymind.First,Iwanttotellyouhowproudweare.GettingintoColumbiaisarealproofofwhatagreatwellroundedstudentyouare.Youshouldbeasproudofyourselfasweare.Yourcollegeyearswillbethemostimportantofyourlife.Itisincollegethatyouwilldiscoverwhatlearningisabout.Thiswillbetheperiodwhereyougofromteachertaughttomasterinspired,afterwhichyoumustbeeselflearner.Sodotakeeachsubjectseriously,andevenifwhatyoulearnisn’tcriticalforyourlife,thelearningskillsyouacquirewillbesomethingyouwillvalueforever.Followyourpassionincollege.Takecoursesyouthinkyouwillenjoy.Don’tbetrappedbywhatothersthinkorsay,butmakeupyourownmind.Mostimportantly,makefriendsandbehappy.Collegefriendsareoftenthebestinlife.Pickafewfriendsandbeereallyclosetothempicktheoneswhoaregenuinetoyou.Don’tworryabouttheirhobbies,grades,looksorevenpersonalities.Startplanningearlywhatwouldyouliketodo?Wherewouldyouliketolive?Whatwouldyouliketolearn?Ithinkyourplantostudyfashionisgood,andyoushoulddecidewhereyouwanttobe,andgetontotherightcourses.Whetheritissummerplanning,orcourseworkplanning,orpickingamajor,ormanagingyourtime,youshouldtakecontrolofyourlife.Iwillalwaysbethereforyou,butthetimehaseforyoutobeinthedriver’sseatthisisyourlife,andyouneedtobeincontrol.Beingincontrolfeelsgreat.Tryit,andyou’llloveit!Collegeisthefouryearswhereyouhave:●thegreatestamountoffreetime●thefirstchancetobeindependent●themostflexibilitytochange●thelowestriskformakingmistakesSopleasetreasureyourcollegeyearsmakefulluseofyourfreetime,beeanindependentthinkerincontrolofyourdestiny,bebravetoexperiment,learnandgrowthroughyoursuccessesandchallenges.MayyouryearsatColumbiabethehappiestofyourlife,andmayyoublossomintojustwhatyoudreamtobe.Love,Dad(&Mom)1．Whatdoestheauthoradvisehisdaughtertodoincollege?A．Makeasmanyfriendsaspossible.B．Partywithfriendsinherfreetime.C．Paynoattentiontowhateverothersthinkorsay.D．Treasureandmakethebestofhercollegeyears.2．Whichofthesepiecesofadviceisgiveninthearticle?a.thinkandliveindependently

b.learnhowtolearnc.choosefriendswithsimilarpersonalitiesd.begenuineandsinceretoeverybodye.trynewthingsA．abd B．bce C．cde D．abe3．Fromthetext,wecanconcludethefather________.A．isworriedabouthisdaughter B．isstrictwithhisdaughterC．isoptimisticabouthisdaughter’sfuture D．issadthathisdaughterisleavinghome【答案】1．D2．D3．C【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是一位父母写给即将进入大学的女儿的一封信，告诉女儿如何度过大学生活，寄托了父母的殷切期望。1．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Sopleasetreasureyourcollegeyearsmakefulluseofyourfreetime,beeanindependentthinkerincontrolofyourdestiny,bebravetoexperiment,learnandgrowthroughyoursuccessesandchallenges.”（所以，请珍惜你的大学时光——充分利用你的空闲时间，成为一个掌握自己命运的独立思考者，勇于尝试，在成功和挑战中学习和成长。）可知，作者建议女儿要珍惜大学时光，充分利用大学时光获得个人成长。故选D项。2．细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Don’tbetrappedbywhatothersthinkorsay,butmakeupyourownmind.”（不要被别人的想法或说法所困，要自己做决定。）及第六段最后一句“Ithinkyourplantostudyfashionisgood,andyoushoulddecidewhereyouwanttobe,andgetontotherightcourses.”（我认为你学习时尚的计划很好，你应该决定你想要做什么，选择合适的课程。）及倒数第二段“beeanindependentthinkerincontrolofyourdestiny”（成为掌握自己命运的独立思考者）可知，作者建议女儿在大学应该独立思考，独立生活。根据倒数第二段后半句“bebravetoexperiment,learnandgrowthroughyoursuccessesandchallenges.”（勇于尝试，在成功和挑战中学习和成长。）可知，作者建议女儿要尝试新事物，新挑战。根据第三段第三四句“Thiswillbetheperiodwhereyougofromteachertaughttomasterinspired,afterwhichyoumustbeeselflearner.Sodotakeeachsubjectseriously,andevenifwhatyoulearnisn’tcriticalforyourlife,thelearningskillsyouacquirewillbesomethingyouwillvalueforever.”（这将是你从老师授课到大师启发的时期，之后你必须成为自学的人。所以要认真对待每一门学科，即使你所学的对你的生活并不重要，你获得的学习技能将是你永远珍视的东西。）及第六段最后一句“Ithinkyourplantostudyfashionisgood,andyoushoulddecidewhereyouwanttobe,andgetontotherightcourses.”（我认为你学习时尚的计划很好，你应该决定你想要做什么，选择合适的课程。）可知，作者建议女儿在大学要学会如何学习。故选D项。3．推理判断题。根据第二段“First,Iwanttotellyouhowproudweare.GettingintoColumbiaisarealproofofwhatagreatwellroundedstudentyouare.Youshouldbeasproudofyourselfasweare.”（首先，我想告诉你我们有多自豪。进入哥伦比亚大学是一个真正的证据，证明你是一个非常全面的学生。你应该和我们一样为自己感到骄傲。）及最后一段“MayyouryearsatColumbiabethehappiestofyourlife,andmayyoublossomintojustwhatyoudreamtobe.”（愿你在哥伦比亚大学的时光是你一生中最快乐的时光，愿你成为你梦想成为的人。）并结合全文作者提出的建议可知，作者为女儿感到自豪，认为她的未来充满光明。故选C项。（2023上·上海·高一位育中学校考期中）Peopleusedtofinditsafetokeeptheirtreasureandmoneyinsomesecretorunknownplaces.Theytriedvariouswaysastheycouldthinkout.Theyburiedtreasuretostopotherpeoplefromtakingit.Theychoseaquietplace,dugadeepholeandburiedthetreasureinit.Thentheymadeamapofwherethetreasurewasorwrotedownothercluesthatwouldhelpthemorsomeoneelsetofinditagain.InBritainafewyearsago,awriterwroteaboutsometreasurethathehadburied.Heputcluesinthestorytohelpreadersfindit.Thousandsofpeoplehuntedforthetreasure.TheydugholesalloverBritain,hopingtofindit.OneofthemostpopularadventurestorieseverwrittenisRobertLouisStephenson’s“TreasureIsland”,anexcitingstoryaboutayoungboy,JimHawkins,whoiscapturedbypirates(海盗)andlaterfindssomeburiedtreasure.Thenthereisthetruestoryaboutamanwhohadtotraveloverseasforayear.Hedidnottrustbanks,soheburiedhislifesavingsinapark.Thenhewentaway.Onhisreturn,hewentstraighttothepark.Buttheparkwasnolongerthere.Initsplacetherewasahugebuilding.Andthentherewasawomanwhoburiedhersavings,allinbanknotes,inawaterproofbag.Whenshedugitupyearslater,therewasnothingleft.Wormsandinsectshadeatenthebagandeverythinginit.Andofcourse,thesearestoriesaboutpeoplewhoburythingsandeitherforgetwheretheyhaveburiedthemorlosethemap.Althoughitistruethatpeoplesometimeslosetheirmoneybecauseabankfails,banksarestillthesafestplacetokeepoursavingsandtreasures.4．_________couldhelpthemorsomeoneelsetofinditagain.A．MakingamapoftheplaceandwritingdownsomecluesB．DigginganotherholeandwritingsomecluesC．ColouringtheplaceandmakingthemapD．Askingsomeoneelseandnumberingtheplace5．AwriterinBritain_________.A．reallyhadburiedsomesmallcoinsB．startedanationwidetreasurehuntC．hadlosthistreasureandwantedpeopletohelphimfinditD．causedtroublebecausepeopledugholeseverywhere6．Themanwhoburiedhismoneyinapark_________.A．thoughthismoneywassafertherethaninabankB．stayedawaylongerthanheexpectedC．gothislifesavingsbackagainD．travelledontheseaforayear7．Fromthesestoriesweunderstandthat_________.A．wecannottrustbanksB．weshouldnottrustanyoneC．buryingmaynotbethesafewaytokeepsomethingvaluableD．insectscankeepanythingvaluable【答案】4．A5．D6．A7．C【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了人们埋藏宝藏的一些故事，但把宝藏埋起来，会因为各种各样的原因，最后导致损失财富。说明埋藏宝藏并非明智之举。4．细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Thentheymadeamapofwherethetreasurewasorwrotedownothercluesthatwouldhelpthemorsomeoneelsetofinditagain.”（然后，他们绘制了一张宝藏的地图，或者写下其他线索，帮助他们或其他人再次找到宝藏。）可知，绘制藏宝图或者写下其他线索有助于日后找到宝藏。故选A项。5．推理判断题。根据第二段“InBritainafewyearsago,awriterwroteaboutsometreasurethathehadburied.Heputcluesinthestorytohelpreadersfindit.Thousandsofpeoplehuntedforthetreasure.TheydugholesalloverBritain,hopingtofindit.”（几年前在英国，一位作家写到了他埋藏的一些宝藏。他在故事中加入线索帮助读者找到线索。成千上万的人寻找宝藏。他们在英国各地挖洞，希望能找到它。）可知，该英国作家写的故事导致许多人四处挖洞寻找宝藏，引起了麻烦。故选D项。6．细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“Hedidnottrustbanks,soheburiedhislifesavingsinapark.”（他不信任银行，所以他把毕生的积蓄埋在了公园里。）可知，他认为把钱埋藏在公园比放在银行更可靠。故选A项。7．推理判断题。根据第四段后三句“Thenhewentaway.Onhisreturn,hewentstraighttothepark.Buttheparkwasnolongerthere.Initsplacetherewasahugebuilding.”（然后他就走了。他一回来就直接去了公园。但是公园已经不在了。在它的位置上有一座巨大的建筑。）及第五段最后一句“Wormsandinsectshadeatenthebagandeverythinginit.”（虫子和昆虫把袋子和里面的东西都吃光了。）和第六段“Andofcourse,thesearestoriesaboutpeoplewhoburythingsandeitherforgetwheretheyhaveburiedthemorlosethemap.”（当然，还有一些人埋藏了东西，他们要么忘记了埋在哪里，要么丢了地图。）可知，把宝藏埋起来，会因为各种各样的原因，最后导致损失财富，可见，这并非一种安全的方式。故选C项。（2023上·上海·高一上海市行知中学校考阶段练习）AreYouaMoringPerson?Morningsarenotforeveryone.Knowingthatourownbodiesmaybewiredtopreferacertaintimeofdayiscertainlyarelief.Butmanyofusstillhavetowakeupandfunctionduringthosefirstdaylighthours.Sowhatcanyoudo?Wetappedavarietyofexpertsfromsleepexpertstonutritioniststolifeorganizationalpros(生活管理达人)—tosharetheirtricksonhowtomakemorninglessstressfulandmorepleasantforeventhemostafterhoursofnightowls.1.NightwakingPoorsleepqualitycanexplainwhywesometimeswakeupfromeighthoursofsnoozingandfeellikeweonlyclockedinatfour.“It’snormaltohaveoneortwoawakenings,butmorethanthatleavesusfeelinggroggy(昏昏沉沉)inthemorningbecauseofthefragmentedsleep,”explainsShelbyHarris,directorofthebehavioralsleepmedicineprogramatMontefioreMedicalCenter.2.TheScienceofsnoozingThesnoozebuttondoesmoreharmthangood.Noddingoffagainsendsyouintoalightandfragmentedsleep!Multiplesnoozescanleaveyoufeelinggroggierthanjustgettingoutofbedthefirsttime.Instead,behonestaboutthetimeyouintendtogetupandthenenjoyeverylastminuteofsleep,soyoucanwakeupalertandreadytogo.3.Don’teaseintoyourworkdayItcanbetemptingtoplowthroughtheeasythingsearlyon—checkingemail,scanningtheheadlines—butit’swisetotacklethebiggerstufffirst.“Gettingtoworkonthemostimportanttasksnotonlyupsthechancesthattheyactuallygetdone,butitalsoleavesyouwithaburstofacplishmenttotakewithyoutherestoftheday,”saysJasonSelk,coauthorofOrganizeTomorrowToday.4.SavesocialmediaforlaterScheduleasocialmediablocklaterintheafternoontocheckinwhenyou’relikelytoneedabreakanyway,andsavethemorningfortheimportantstuff.8．What’sthepurposeofthepassage?A．Tohelpustogetthemostoutofourmornings.B．Torelieveusfromtheguiltofmultiplesnoozesinthemorning.C．Towarnusoftheharmofnotgettingoutofbedimmediately.D．Toinformusaboutthefactthatourbodiesarewiredtopreferacertaintimeofday.9．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Oneortwoawakeningsensureusagoodnight’ssleep.B．Tobeanearlybird,betterforgetaboutthesnoozebutton.C．It’simportantnottoblocksocialmediumifyouwanttosaveyourmorning.D．Beginningadaywitheasythingsarousedourinterestandasenseofacplishment.10．Wherecanwefindthepassage?A．ClassifiedAdvertisement B．TravelBrochureC．LifeandStudy D．ScientificJournal【答案】8．A9．B10．C【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了如何让人们早晨的压力更小、更愉快，以便更能充分利用早晨。8．推理判断题。文章第二段讲到“tosharetheirtricksonhowtomakemorninglessstressfulandmorepleasantforeventhemostafterhoursofnightowls(分享他们的诀窍，如何让即使是最晚下班的夜猫子也能减轻早晨的压力，让早晨更愉快)”可知，这篇文章的目的是帮助我们充分利用早晨。故选A。9．细节理解题。文章TheScienceofsnoozing讲到“Thesnoozebuttondoesmoreharmthangood.Noddingoffagainsendsyouintoalightandfragmentedsleep(小睡按钮弊大于利。再次打瞌睡会让你进入一种轻微的、支离破碎的睡眠)”可知，打盹按弊大于利最好不要小睡。所以B选项“作为一个早起的人，最好忘记打盹的按钮。”正确。故选B。10．推理判断题。短文介绍了如何让人们早晨的压力更小、更愉快，以便更能充分利用早晨。文章第二段讲到“Butmanyofusstillhavetowakeupandfunctionduringthosefirstdaylighthours.Wetappedavarietyofexperts–fromsleepexpertstonutritioniststolifeorganizationalpros(但我们中的许多人仍然必须在最初的白天醒来并正常工作。我们聘请了各种各样的专家—从睡眠专家到营养学家，再到生活组织专家)”可知，所以这篇短文是关于生活，工作和学习类的短文。故判断出我们可以在“生活和学习”中找到这篇短文。故选C。（2023上·上海·高一校考阶段练习）HotAirBalloonSydneyFor2,WeekendFlightincludesFULLGOURMETBREAKFASTItem:HO12955TALocation:WindsorSydneyOurPrice:$299(perpersonforgroupsof2)•HotAirBalloonFlightfor2(therewillbeothersintheballoonbasketwithyou)•NOTHINGMORETOPAYONTHEDAY!YOURFULLGOURMETBREAKFASTISINCLUDEDINTHEPRICE•TravelwiththeTourismAwardwinnerswithover20yearsofexperience•FloatoverbeautifulHawkesburyValley•ColorflightcertificateExperiencethewonderofaHotAirBalloonFlightfor2people.Risingbeforedawn,youcanjointhecrewinunpackingandpreparingtheballoonforflight—whichisaspectacleinitself!Afteranexcitinglaunch,you’lldriftwiththewindsilentlyovertheparklands,homesandhillsoftheHawkesburyregionofSydney.HotAirBallooningbeginsinthecool,stillhoursoftheearlymorning,whentheairismorestable.Thelaunchsite,determinedbytheweatheronthemorning,willbeinoraroundthebeautifulHawkesburyValley.Theadventurebeginsbyinflating(使…充气)theballoonusingagiantportablefan.Oncetheballoonstartstotakeshapetheburnerislit,heatingtheairinside.ThehotairinsideislighterthanthecoolairoutsideandthisiswhatcreatestheliftandwhyitiscalledaHotAirBalloon.Passengersareweletoassistthepilotandcrewwithinflatingthehotairballoonatthelaunchsite,whichonlytakesabout20minutes.TheHotAirBalloonFlightfor2isbothquaintandpeaceful.Youhearverylittlesoundfromtheawakeningworldbelow.Thesilenceisonlybrokenwithblastsfromthepropaneburnerheatingtheairinyourballoontokeepyoucruisingacrosstheskies.Watchasthesunburstsfromthehorizonandpaintstheskypinkinaspectacularmorningsunrise.Totopoffthemorningyou’llcelebratewithafullgourmetbreakfast.Thisadventureisfor2people.Therewillbeotherpeopleintheballoonbasketwithyou.HotAirBalloonflightstakeplaceatsunrise.TheexacttimeofyourHotAirBalloonflightexperiencewillvarybaseduponthetimeofyearandwillbesenttoyouuponbooking.11．Theprice$299includes________.A．tipsfortheTourismAwardwinners B．fullgourmetbreakfastC．twopersons’HotAirBalloonFlight D．theaccidentinsuranceoftheparticipants12．WhydoesHotAirBallooningbeginbeforedawn?A．Touristsneedn’tqueuefortheflight.B．Theairatthattimeiscoolerandmorestable.C．Touristscanseethespectacularsunriseinthesky.D．Travelershavetostarttheadventurewiththeirstomachempty.13．WhichofthefollowingstatementisTrue?A．Thepeopleinthebasketarealltourists.B．Theburnerisoffaftertheballoonislaunched.C．Theballoonislaunchedatthefixedtimeandplace.D．Thosewhohaveexperiencedtheflightcangetacertificate.【答案】11．B12．B13．D【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍的是悉尼热气球双人版周末空中旅行活动的相关情况。11．细节理解题。根据文中“NOTHINGMORETOPAYONTHEDAY!YOURFULLGOURMETBREAKFASTISINCLUDEDINTHEPRICE.(当天没有什么可支付的了！房价包含全套美味早餐)”可知，299美元的套餐费用包含了所有空中飞行的费用。故选B项。12．细节理解题。根据题干信息，可以发现本题的相关信息在倒数第三段中的首句“HotAirBallooningbeginsinthecool,stillhoursoftheearlymorning,whentheairismorestable.(热气球开始于清晨凉爽、静止的几个小时，此时空气更稳定)”可知，在黎明时分起飞是气温低，空气更稳定。故选B项。13．细节理解题。根据“•HotAirBalloonFlightfor2(therewillbeothersintheballoonbasketwithyou).(2人热气球飞行（气球篮里还有其他人）)”可知，除了游客，还有其他人员，故A项错误；根据“Oncetheballoonstartstotakeshapetheburnerislit,heatingtheairinside.ThehotairinsideislighterthanthecoolairoutsideandthisiswhatcreatestheliftandwhyitiscalledaHotAirBalloon.(一旦气球开始成形，燃烧器就会被点燃，加热内部的空气。里面的热空气比外面的冷空气轻，这就是产生升力的原因，也是为什么它被称为热气球)”讲述的热气球升空的简单原理可知，热气球升起是靠着燃烧器加热，所以不能熄灭，故B项错误；根据“Thelaunchsite,determinedbytheweatheronthemorning,willbeinoraroundthebeautifulHawkesburyValley.(发射场由早上的天气决定，将在美丽的霍克斯伯里山谷内或周围)”可知，热气球的发射地点是因天气而变，所以C项错误；根据“Colorflightcertificate(彩色飞行证书)”以及上面的排除结果，可知D项正确。故选D项。（2023上·上海·高一复旦附中校考期中）Welostanothertreeinourlaststorm,anditbrokemyheart.ThankstothelargeamountsofrainfallhereinthePacificNorthwest,treerootsdon’tgrowverydeeporprovideastronganchoragainstthewind.Wehavelostmanytreesthroughtheyears,butthisonewasdifferent.About17yearsago,IjoinedtheArborDayFoundation,andtheysentme10Canadianbluespruceseedlings.OurpropertyhasmanylargeDouglasfirs,whicharemagnificenttrees,butIwantedtoaddsomevariety.Iplantedmybluespruceseedlingsalongthedriveway,andIdidallIcouldtoprotectthem.Shortlyafterthat,astormwithgustsupto129km/hrippedthroughourareaandtookdownmanyofourfirtrees.Myseedlingssurvived.Butwhenwedecidedtojoinourneighborinsellingourdownedtreestoalogger,wehadtomovetheseedlingstokeepthemfromgettingdestroyed.Sadly,fiveofthe10bluesprucetreesdidn’tsurvivebeingmoved.Ofthefivethatlived,threewereinourfrontyard,whereIcouldwatchthemgrowintomaturetreesfrommyfrontwindow.WhenoneofthebigDouglasfirsthattoweredoverthemdied,wedecidedtocutitdownbeforeitfell.Aftermuchdebate,myhusband,Eldon,andmysoninlawGaryParkerdecidedtheycoulddropitwithouthittinganyofthebluesprucetrees.Iwatchedbreathlesslyasthedramaunfolded,prayingthewholetimeIheardthechainsaw.Thefirfellrightbetweentwoofthemasplanned,andmytreescontinuedtogrow.ThenonenightIwaslyinginbedduringyetanotherwindstormandheardaloudnoise,followedbythesoundofatreecrashingdown.ThenextmorningIawoketofindthelargestofourbluespruceslyingontheground;Iwasincrediblyupset.For17years,I’denjoyedwatchingitgrowfromaseedlingtoatreenearly40feet(12.2meters)tall.Nowitwasgone!Losingmytreewashardtoaccept,eventhoughIknewthatitwasnature’sway.IalsoknewtherewasonlyonethingIcoulddoaboutit.Another10newseedlingsrecentlyarrivedfromtheArborDayFoundation.Iplantedtheminasafespotclosetothehouse.Whenthey’realittlelarger,I’lltransplantthemtoapermanentspotwhereIcanwatchthemgrowtallandbeautiful.14．Whydoestheauthorsharethefactthatthetreelostinthelaststormwas“different”inthefirstparagraph?A．MainlybecauseitwasarareCanadianbluespruce.B．Mainlybecauseithadsurvivedmanystrongwindstorms.C．Mainlybecauseshehaddevotedagreatdealofefforttoprotectingit.D．MainlybecausetheauthoroncesignedanagreementwiththeFoundation.15．Theauthorhaslostmanytreesmainlybecause________.A．mosttreesweretooweaktoprotectthemselvesfromthewindstormB．manytreesdidnotsurviveafterbeingrelocatedtoapermanentspotC．sheplantstreesalongthedrivewaywherethewindaffectsthemgreatlyD．theamountofrainfalltheremeanstreerootscan’tprovidefirmsupport16．WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Allthebluespruceswerecoincidentallyuprootedinthelastseverestorm.B．Theauthor’sfamilycutthefirtomakeroomforthebluesprucesaroundit.C．Theauthorplannedtosellbluesprucestoaloggerwhentheyweremature.D．Theauthorwasworriedthatcuttingthedeadfirwouldhurtthebluespruces.17．Whatcanweconcludefromthelastparagraph?A．Theauthorcouldn’tgetoverthefactthatshehadlostherbluespruces.B．Theauthorwantedtofightagainstnaturebyplantingmoretrees.C．TheArborDayFoundationprovidesguidanceabouttransplantation.D．Theauthorishopefulaboutthenewbluesprucesshehasnewlyplanted.【答案】14．C15．D16．D17．D【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在太平洋西北地区的特殊气候下种植蓝色云杉树的经历，以及在风暴和伐木中一些树木的命运。14．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Welostanothertreeinourlaststorm,anditbrokemyheart.(在上次的暴风雨中，我们又损失了一棵树，这让我很伤心。)”以及第二段中“Iplantedmybluespruceseedlingsalongthedriveway,andIdidallIcouldtoprotectthem.(我沿着车道种下了蓝云杉幼苗，并尽我所能保护它们。)”可知，作者提到“在上次的风暴中我们失去了另一棵树”，这让作者很心痛是因为它投入了大量的精力来保护它，由此是不同的。故选C。15．细节理解题。根据第一段中“ThankstothelargeamountsofrainfallhereinthePacificNorthwest,treerootsdon’tgrowverydeeporprovideastronganchoragainstthewind.(由于太平洋西北地区的大量降雨，树根不能长得很深，也不能提供强大的抗风锚。)”可知，由于西北太平洋地区大量的降雨，树根不会长得很深，也无法在风中提供稳固的支撑，所以失去树木是一个常见现象。故选D。16．细节理解题。根据第四段中“WhenoneofthebigDouglasfirsthattoweredoverthemdied,wedecidedtocutitdownbeforeitfell.(当一棵高大的道格拉斯冷杉倒下时，我们决定在它倒下之前把它砍倒。)”以及第五段中“Aftermuchdebate,myhusband,Eldon,andmysoninlawGaryParkerdecidedtheycoulddropitwithouthittinganyofthebluesprucetrees.Iwatchedbreathlesslyasthedramaunfolded,prayingthewholetimeIheardthechainsaw.Thefirfellrightbetweentwoofthemasplanned,andmytreescontinuedtogrow.(经过一番争论，我的丈夫埃尔登和女婿加里·帕克决定，他们可以在不击中任何一棵蓝云杉的情况下把它锯断。我气喘吁吁地看着剧情展开，在听到电锯声的时候一直在祈祷。那棵冷杉就像计划的那样，正好落在两棵树之间，我的树也继续生长。)”可知，当作者的丈夫和女婿在锯断冷杉的时候，作者十分担心会击中附近的蓝云杉，由此推断出作者担心砍掉枯死的冷杉会伤害到蓝云杉。故选D。17．推理判断题。根据最后一段“”Losingmytreewashardtoaccept,eventhoughIknewthatitwasnature’sway.IalsoknewtherewasonlyonethingIcoulddoaboutit.Another10newseedlingsrecentlyarrivedfromtheArborDayFoundation.Iplantedtheminasafespotclosetothehouse.Whenthey’realittlelarger,I’lltransplantthemtoapermanentspotwhereIcanwatchthemgrowtallandbeautiful.(失去我的树让我难以接受，尽管我知道这是自然规律。我也知道我能做的只有一件事。植树节基金会最近又送来了10棵新树苗。我把它们种在房子附近的安全地点。当它们长得大一点的时候，我会把它们移植到一个永久的地方，在那里我可以看着它们长得又高又漂亮。)可知，作者说失去自己种植并观察长大的蓝色云杉树很难接受，但知道这是自然规律，而且他会采取行动，也就是种下ArborDayFoundation捐赠的新的树苗，等它们长大后移植到一个安全的地方。因此，选项D“Theauthorishopefulaboutthenewbluesprucesshehasnewlyplanted.(作者对她重新种植的蓝色云杉树很有信心)”符合文章信息。故选D。（2023上·上海·高一校考期中）Highschoolfreshmenalwayshavealotofquestionsontheirminds."WhatcanIdowhenIgrowup?"isoneofthem.It'sdefinitelynottooearlytostartthinkingabouthistoughquestion.Thefollowingtipsmayhelpequipyouforyourfuturecareer.ThinkbeyondgradesGettinggoodgradesinhighschoolisimportant,butfocusingonlyonstraightA'scouldgowrong.Spendingtoomuchtimeonyourschoolworkwillleaveyoulittletimetoexploreopportunitiesoutsideoftheclassroom.Extracurricularactivitiesarenecessarybecausetheyserveasaformofcareerexploration.Theycanhelpyoufigureoutyourworkpreferences,likewhetheryouarea"peopleperson"orprefertoworkalone.Nowadays,mostwellknowncollegescareaboutcandidates'experiencesasmuchastheirgrades.SeekadvicefromgrownupsTalktoyourparents,teachersandschoolcounselorsabouthowtheystartedtheircareers.Eventhoughyou'reinterestedinthecareerstheyarein,itwouldbeusefultolearnabouttheprocesswhichgotthemwheretheyarenow.Ifyoufindyourfriend'smotherdoingaworthwhilejobbychance,askherifjobshadowingispossibleinherpanyduringvacation.Afterall,seeingatypicaldayinthepositionyouhaveaninterestincanbeaninvaluableexperience.StartyoursearchonlineIfyoureallyhavenoideawhatyoucandowhenyougrowup,takeonlinecareerquizzestogetideasaboutwhatprofessionsnaturallymatchyourskills,interestsandpersonalitytraits.Forthetimebeing,youjustneedtofocusonfindingafieldortwothatinterestsyou,ratherthanaspecificcareer.Chancesareyou'llchangeyourmindseveraltimesbeforefindingacareerthatyouwanttostickto.Startingtoexplorecareeroptionsnowcanatleasthelpyoudecidewhatyourpotentialmajormightbe.18．Spendingsometimetakingpartinafterschoolactivitiescanhelphighschoolstudents________.A．getA'sinallsubjects B．exploretheirworkpreferencesC．haveaccesstoprestigiousuniversities D．getalongwit