2024届广东省高三“百日冲刺”联合学业质量监测英语试卷

广东省2024届高三“百日冲刺”联合学业质量监测英语试卷考生注意：1.满分120分，考试时间120分钟。2.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。3.本卷命题范围：高考范围。第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ABestOverall:LectroFanEVOSoundMachineWhyYouShouldGetItThiscompact,stylish,andaffordablewhitenoisemachineisveryeasytouse.Withatimer,aheadphoneconnector,andalargerangeofsounds,you'llbeabletofindtherightsetupforyou.That'swhereitcomesintomaskallthatunwantedenvironmentalnoise—orlackof—soyoucangetmorerest.KeepinMindThedeviceisn'tbattery-operated,soit'llneedtostaypluggedintoapowersource.Itdoeseverythingyouneeditto,andthensome,foraveryreasonableprice.Itplaysnon-repeatingdigitalnoiseinarangeofcolors:Ithas10fansounds,10environmentalnoisesounds—includingpinkandbrownnoise,andtwooceansoundscapes.Thedeviceissupersimpletouse,andonceyou'vepickedyourfavoritetypeofnoise,itwillbesavedinthesettings,andthemachinewillautoplaythatsoundeachtimeyouturniton.Thespeakerproducesaclearandcrispsound,andthere'sawidevolumerange.Italsocomeswithanoptionaltimeryoucansetbetweenonetoeighthours,orplaycontinuously,plusa3.5mmconnectorforheadphonesifyourpartnerisn'tquiteaskeenonwhitenoiseasyouare.It'scompactenoughtotraveleverywherewithyou,andaswhitenoisemachinesgo,itlooksprettygood,too.Itcertainlywon'tlookoutofplaceonyourbedsidetable.YoucanpowertheLectroFanEVOviaUSBortheincludedA/Cadaptor,butitdoesn'thaveaninternalbattery,soitdoesneedtobepluggedin.Priceattimeofpublish:$35ProductDetails:Dimensions:It's4.7incheslongand3.3inchesinheight.Itswidthisthesameasitslength.|Soundoptions:22|Timer:Yes|Power:Plug-in21.Whatisthedevicementionedusedtodo?A.Avoidnoises.B.Enjoynature.C.Helpsleepwell.D.Listentomusic.22.Whatdoweknowaboutthedevicefromthetext?A.Itworkswithbatteries.B.Itdoesn'tdisturbothers.C.Ithasonenaturenoise.D.Itstimer'ssetupisfixed.23.Howwideisthedevice?A.3.3inches.B.4.7inches.C.6.8inches.D.10inches.BThestoryofOprahWinfrey'slifeisoneofovercomingincredibleoddsandachievinggreatsuccess.BornintopovertyinMississippi,Winfreyfacednumerouschallengesthroughoutherchildhood.Shewasraisedbyhergrandmother,whoinstalledinheraloveofreadingandastrongworkethic.However,Winfreywasalsothevictimofabuseandneglect,bothathomeandinhercommunity.Despitetheseobstacles,Winfreyshowedgreatpromisefromayoungage.Atage19shebecameanewsanchor（主播）forthelocaltelevisionstation,andin1976shewasmadeareporterandco-anchorfortheABCnewsinBaltimore,Maryland.Shefoundherselflimitedbytheobjectivityrequiredofnewsreporting,andin1977shebecameco-hostoftheBaltimoremorningshowPeopleAreTalking.Winfreyexcelledinthecasualandpersonaltalk-showformat,andin1984shemovedtoChicagotohostthefaltering（衰退的）talkshowAMChicago.Winfrey'shonestandengagingpersonalityquicklyturnedtheprogramintoasuccess,andin1985itwasrenamedTheOprahWinfreyShow.Winfrey'swarmth,intelligence,andempathymadeherabelovedfiguretomillionsofviewers.Sheusedherplatformtoaddressimportantsocialissues,suchaschildabuse,domesticviolence,andpoverty.Despitehersuccess,Winfreyfacedmanychallengesalongtheway.Shestruggledwithherweight,andwasoftencriticizedforherappearance.Shealsofacedmanypersonalandprofessionalsetbacksinherlifeandwork.However,Winfreyrefusedtogiveup.Shecontinuedtoworkhard,launchingherownproductioncompany,HarpoProductions,andstartingherowncablenetwork,OWN.Shealsobecameaphilanthropist,donatingmillionsofdollarstocharitablecauses.Today,Winfreyisoneofthemostsuccessfulandinfluentialpeopleintheworld.Shehaswonlotsofawardsforherwork.Sheisalsoabest-sellingauthorandarespectedpublicspeaker.Winfrey'sstoryprovésthepowerofperseverance,hardwork,andfaithinoneself.24.WhatdidOprahWinfreystarthercareeras?A.Anewsanchor.B.Atalkshowco-anchor.C.Amanagerofacompany.D.AreporterofaTVstation.25.WhatdoweknowaboutTheOprahWinfreyShowfromparagraph3?A.ItwasaTVprogrammeanttohelpthelocalcitizens.B.OprahWinfrey'sexcellentqualitiesmadeitsuccessful.C.Itcalledonviewerstofightagainstpovertyandcrimes.D.ItwasaprogramdesignedonlyforOprahWinfrey.26.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Winfreyfacedmanydoubtsaboutherhostingstyle.B.Winfreysetupacompanyofherown.C.Winfreynevergaveupinfaceofdifficulties.D.Winfreycontributedlotsofmoneytocharities.27.Whatistheauthor'spurposeofwritingthetext?A.Totellusthatourlifehasitsupsanddowns.B.ToshareWinfrey'slifeexperiencewithus.C.Toencourageustoworkhardinourcareers.D.TosinghighpraiseforWinfrey'ssuccessandqualities.CPolarbearsnormallyneedseaicetohuntseals,butanisolatedgroupofpolarbearslivingonthemountainouscoastofsoutheastGreenlandhavefiguredouthowtomakealiving,eventhoughtheseaicetheremeltsawayearlyintheyear.Thesebearshavefoundawaytosupplementtheirlimitedseaicesupplybyhuntingonfreshwatericethatcomesfromglaciers（冰川）onland.Theglacialicefallsoffinpiecesintofjords（峡湾）,wherethepiecesgettogetherintoafloatingplatformthatthepolarbearsusetocatchseals,accordingtoareportinthejournalScience.Climatechangeismakingseaicemoreandmorescarce.Lossofseaiceis“theprimarythreattopolarbears,”saysKristinLaidreoftheUniversityofWashington,leadauthorofthenewstudy.But,shesays,thisnewworksuggestssomebearsmightbeabletocopewithadecreasedamountofseaice——atleastforawhile——inplaceslikeGreenlandwheretheycantakeadvantageoffloatingglacierice.WhilelocalpeoplehavelongknownthatbearsliveinsoutheastGreenland,it'saremote,challengingenvironmentthat'snotfrequentedbyhumans.“It'sacoastlinewithhugemountainpeaks,lotsofwinds,extremeconditionsandplentyoffogs,”saysLaidre,whohasspentyearsworkingwithcolleaguestosurveypolarbearslivingonGreenland's1,800-mile-longeastcoast.ToseewhattheycouldfindinsoutheastGreenland,theteamhadtotakehelicoptersfromthenearestsettlementandflyfortwohoursinastraightlinetothecoast,“Wearrivedinthesefjords,veryisolatedfjords,andthere'sessentiallynoseaiceorverypoorseaiceoffshore,”saysLaidre,explainingthattheresearchersexpectedtofindfewbears.“Buttherewerealotofbearsinthesefjords,”shesays.“Itwasclearlyjustauniquehabitat.”Theseaicepersistedinthesefjordsforonlyaroundahundreddaysayear,shenotes,meaningthatbearsdon'thavemuchtimetouseitasahuntingground.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“supplement”inparagraph2mean?A.Makeupfor.B.Keepupwith.C.Lookforwardto.D.Breakawayfrom.29.Whatwillhappentopiecesofglacialiceafterfallingoff?A.Theywillformvariousfjords.B.Theywillexistinfjordsforonlyahundredyears.C.Theywillfloatintocoldplacesandneverdisappear.D.Theywillgathertobeaplatformforpolarbearstohunt.30.WhatistheenvironmentlikeinsoutheastGreenland?A.Crowded.B.Pleasant.C.Severe.D.Windless.31.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Polarbearsareontheedgeofdyingout.B.Polarbearsnolongerneedseaicetohuntseals.C.Polarbearscanreplaceseawaterwithfreshwater.D.Polarbearshaveanotherwaytohuntwithlittleseaice.DThefairytalesandstoriesweloveoftenbeginwithsomeoneaskingquestions.SleepingBeautyhasaprincessexploringacastlejusttoseewhat'sinside.Jackclimbshisbeanstalkbecausehewantstoknowwhat'satthetop.Allthesehappenbecauseofcuriosity.Curiositymaybethedrivingforceofallscienceandexperiments,encouragingustoexplorethehighestmountainsanddeepestoceans.Butit'salsoourbiggestdownfall.It'sthevoicethatsays“pushthebutton”,andit'swhatburntIcarus'waxenwings.Whenitcomestocuriosity,wearenotbornequal.Somepeoplecan'thelpbutquestion,orexaminesomething,whileothersarequitehappywithwhattheyhaveandwhattheysee.Sowhyisn'tcuriositydistributedevenlyamongpeople?Ourbrainrewardsusforgoodbehavior.Whenwesatisfyourdesire,ourbrainsaystous,“Yes,welldoneonlookingafterthebody—havesomeendorphins（内啡肽）.”Theseekingsystemisthethingthatencouragesustoexploreandgobeyondourcomfortzone.Ithasvariousrewardsystemssetupforthesatisfactionofourgoal.Withouttheseekingsystem,we'djustsitstillandsatisfyourselveswithwhateverwehave.Forthecuriositydifferencesbetweenmenandwomen,researchsuggeststhatmenaremorelikelytodoriskybehavior,fromgoingonfinancialinvestmentstoswimminginthesea.Perhapsitisbecauseofsomekindof“hunter-gatherer”societybehavior,wheremenareregardedasneedingtobemorerisk-seekingandcurioustohelpfeed,protect,andcarefor“thewholegroup”.Andchildrenarebornwithgreatcuriosity.Thesuccessthatteenagerswillhaveinsatisfyingtheircuriosity,orhowfartheyareallowedtodevotethemselvestoit,willdeterminehowefficientthosecuriositypathwaysareinlaterlife.Ifchildrenaregivennewenvironmentstoexplore,theroomtoplayandexperiment,andthefreedomtoaskquestionsandexaminethem,thentheywilldosomorelaterinlifeaswell.32.Whydoestheauthormentionthefairytalesatthebeginning?A.Toleadinthetopicofthetext.B.Toexplainthecauseofcuriosity.C.Toprovidebackgroundinformation.D.Tointroducethewaysofbeingcurious.33.Whatmainlyaffectscuriositydistributionamongpeople?A.Theirspiritsofadventure.B.Theirsocietybehavior.C.Theirseekingsystem.D.Theirendorphins.34.Whatmighttheauthoradviseparentstodo?A.Rewardkidsfortheirgoodbehavior.B.Accompanykidsinplayingandstudying.C.Giveteenagersthefreedomofexpressionandchoice.D.Providechildrenwithconditionstosatisfytheircuriosity.35.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WhyAreSomePeopleMoreCuriousthanOthers?B.HowCanCuriosityInfluencePeople'sLife?C.WhyIsCuriosityImportantforLearning?D.HowCanPeopleDevelopTheirCuriosity?第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Formanyyears,scientistssawtreesasindependentlivingthings.Eachtreeintheforestwastryingtogetlight,waterandnutrients.Treescompetedforresources.36Theycooperatewitheachotherwiththehelpoffungi（真菌）.Inforests,fungiconnecttreesthroughundergroundnetworks.Trees'rootsbranchoutinalldirections.Thesamesoilishometofungi,whichcangrowonandaroundtreeroots.Thefungigrowinthinthreads（线状物）.Astheygrow,thethreadscanlinktonumeroustrees.Thefungicreatewebsbetweentreesknownasmycorrhizal（菌根）networks.37Thetreesgivesugarstothefungiandthefungigetmineralnutrientsfromthesoil.Theysharethemwiththetrees.Thefungiinamycorrhizalnetworklinkthetreestogether.38Forexample,ifayoungplantisgrowinginashadedarea,itmaynotgetenoughsunlight.However,largertreesgrowingarounditcansendsugarstotheyoungtree'srootsthroughthefungi.Similarly,ifatreeisdying,itmightgiveitsnutrientstothehealthytreesgrowingaroundit.Mycorrhizalnetworksarenotalwayscooperative.Someplantswillusethenetworkstotakenutrientsfromtheirneighbors.Someflowerswillstealfoodfromotherplants.39Theywanttoharmplantsthatarecompetingforsunlightandwater.40Theycansendchemicalorelectricalsignalsthroughthewoodwideweb.Ifatreeisbeingeatenbyinsects,itwillsendoutsignalsforhelp.Similarly,whendiseasesattacktrees,theycansendoutchemicals.A.Treesalsosendmessagesthroughthenetworks.B.Networkscanevenconnectdifferentspeciesofplants.C.Scientiststhinkthefungiareimportantforhealthyforests.D.Treescansharesugars,nutrientsandwaterwithoneanother.E.However,scientistsarediscoveringthattreesmayactuallyworktogether.F.Therearealsoplantsthatsendpoisonoussubstancesthroughthenetworks.G.Inthesenetworks,scientiststhinkthetreesandthefungihelponeanother.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Beingpartofacommunitycanhelppeoplefeellesslonelyinlife.OliverJohnsonisonly7yearsold,buthesometimesfeelslonelyandabandoned.AsOliver'sbirthdaydrewnear,hismomKatherineJohnson41todosomethingtomakehersonfeel42insociety.KnowingOliverloves43morethantoysandvideogames,andalwayswantstositbehindthewheel,KatherinesharedasimplepostonFacebook44ifanytruckerswouldgivehersona45intheirtrucksfor$50.Shehopedjustonetruckerwouldseethepostand46.Later,Barry,theownerofatransportationcompany,sawKatherine’s47.Unexpectedly,Barryappealedtothetruckersofhiscompanytoturnupforatruckrally（集会）inhonorofOliver'sbirthday.Thirty-fourtruckers48rightaway.However,onthebigday,morethantwicethatnumber49.Barrywasverygratefulforhisstaffmembersshowingalonelychildwhata50communitylookslike.“Whenitcomestokids,thesetruckerswillalwayscomeout,”Barrysaid.Oliverwas.51surprisedbythetruckrally,andhecouldn'thavebeenmore52.“Weallcouldsensehewassurroundedbyhappiness,”saidhisfather,SimonJohnson.“Tobeperfectlyhonest,thebigdaymeantmorethanwecouldhaveever53,”headded,“‘thankyou’justdoesn't54what'shappened.”Noneofthetruckersacceptedacentfortheirtimeorexpenses.It'sanactfullof55!Thankstoeveryonewhomadethishappentothespecialkid.41.A.refusedB.forgotC.failedD.wanted42.A.includedB.changedC.struggledD.improved43.A.filmsB.lightsC.trucksD.trains44.A.recognizingB.provingC.askingD.testing45.A.handB.rideC.treatD.break46.A.respondB.discussC.blameD.explain47.A.respectB.operationC.concernD.request48.A.cameupB.lookedupC.signedupD.wentup49.A.appearedB.agreedC.botheredD.succeeded50.A.strangeB.newC.supportiveD.creative51.A.similarlyB.completelyC.finallyD.frequently52.A.embarrassedB.tiredC.confusedD.delighted53.A.imaginedB.foundedC.keptD.adjusted54.A.promiseB.coverC.decideD.fix55.A.energyB.knowledgeC.ambitionD.love第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Blackteaisapopularbeverageenjoyedbypeopleallovertheworld.Itismadefromthe56（leaf）ofthecamelliasinensisplant（山茶植物）,57undergoaprocessofoxidation（氧化）togiveititsdistinctflavorand.color.OriginatinginChina,blackteahasarichhistorythat58（date）backthousandsofyears.ItwasfirstdiscoveredduringtheTangDynastyandquicklygained59（popular）amongtheChineseelite.Eventually,itmadeitswaytoEuropeandbecameastapleinBritishteaculture.Blackteaisknownforitsrobustflavoranddeep,reddish-browncolor.Ithasastrong,maltytastewithhintsofcaramelanda60（slight）sweetaftertaste.Theflavorcanvary61（depend）ontheregionandthespecifictypeofblacktea,suchasAssam,Darjeeling,orEarlGrey.Besidesitsdelicioustaste,blackteaalsooffersnumeroushealthbenefits.Itisrichinantioxidants,whichhelpprotectthebody62freeradicals（自由基）andreducetheriskofchronicdiseases.Also,blacktea63（believe）toimprovehearthealth,boostmetabolism,andenhancementalalertness.Inconclusion,blacktea’srichhistory,distinctflavor,andnumeroushealthbenefitsmake64apopularchoiceforteaenthusiasts.So,whynotsitback,relax,andtry65cupofblacktea?第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假定你是李华，校英语学习俱乐部负责人。你校将举行主题为“MoreEnglish，MoreFun！”的英语文化节，请你给即将加入你校的美国交换生Peter写一封信，介绍英语文化节的相关情况并邀请他参加活动，内容包括：1.表示欢迎；2.活动介绍；3.发出邀请。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Theword“so”isholdingmylifeatpresent.Howisitthattwolittlelettershavethepowertochangeandbuild