人教版（2019） 选择性必修 第三册 英语阶段性阅读理解魔法带练（04） 素材

【passage7】①InLosAngeles,California,wheretemperaturestendtostaywarmyear-round,youcanfeelasignificantdifferenceinheatwhenyou’realongthecoastoroutsidethecitycomparedtowhenyou’reinhighly-populatedpartsofthecity.Thisphenomenon,knownastheurbanheatislandeffect,canmakedaytimetemperaturesinhighly-populatedareas1℉to7℉warmerthannearbyareas.LosAngelesisworkingtosettlethisissuebyapplyingaspecialpainton1millionsquarefeetofroadsinthecity.②TheGAFCoolCommunityProject,aninitiativebyroofingcompanyGAF,haspaintedroads,parkinglots,andevenplaygroundsintheLosAngelesneighborhoodofPacoimawiththesolar-reflectivepaint.GAFpartneredwithlocalorganizations,governmentsandscientistsfortheproject.③“PacoimaisoneofthehottestpartsofLosAngelesandhasn’tgottenthekindofinvestmentalotofothercommunitieshave,”saidJeffTerry,wholedtheproject.“Hopefullywe’regoingtomakethatisplacealittlebitmorelivablefortheresidents.”④ThepaintusesInvisibleShade,acoatingcreatedbyGAF-ownedcompany,StreetBond.InvisibleShadehasadditives(添加剂)thatreflectvisibleandinfrared(红外线的)lighttoreduceheat.Thecoatingisavailablein14colorsorcanbecustomized.WhileinmostareasofPacoima,theappliedcoatingsaregray,theinitiativepartneredwithalocalartisttocreateuniquepatternsforsomeareas,likeplaygrounds,parkinglots,andabasketballcourt.⑤“Myfeetdofeelcooler:Yes!Youcaninstantlyfeelthedifferenceonthesoles(脚底)ofyourfeel,”saidMelanieTorres,aPacoimaresident.“Ithinkit’sgreat.PacoimaisoneofthelargesthotzonesinLAsowewerefortunatetobeselected.”⑥Theinitiativewillmonitortheneighborhoodtemperaturesoverthenexttwoyearstodetermineitseffectiveness.Ifsuccessful,morereflectivecoatingsmaybeappliedinotherneighborhoods.（素材来源：四川省宜宾市2023年秋期普通高中学业质量监测高二年级英语试题）23．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“thisissue”inParagraph1referto?Thepollutedareas.B.Theintenseurbanheat.C.Thecrowdedurbanareas.D.Thefallingtemperature.24．Howdoesthepaintwork?A.Byabsorbingheat.B.Bycreatingshadows.C.Bymirroringlight.D.Bychangingroadcolors.25．HowdoesTorresfindthepaint?A.Itbringsdesiredeffects.B.Itisanadventurousidea.C.Itisashort-termsolution.D.Itneedsmoretestingtime.26．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Atheoryonanewtechnology.B.Aprojecttoimprovecitizens’lives.C.Anartaimingtobeautifycities.D.Astudyontheurbanheatislandeffect.【魔法带练】串联题干Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“thisissue”inParagraph1referto?Howdoesthepaintwork?HowdoesTorresfindthepaint?Whatisthetextmainlyabout?得出主题词：油漆/油漆工作23．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“thisissue”inParagraph1referto?A.Thepollutedareas.污染地区B.Theintenseurbanheat.城市高温（段落主旨句）C.Thecrowdedurbanareas.拥挤的市区D.Thefallingtemperature.秋季气温①InLosAngeles,California,wheretemperaturestendtostaywarmyear-round,youcanfeelasignificantdifferenceinheatwhenyou’realongthecoastoroutsidethecitycomparedtowhenyou’reinhighly-populatedpartsofthecity.Thisphenomenon,knownastheurbanheatislandeffect,canmakedaytimetemperaturesinhighly-populatedareas1℉to7℉warmerthannearbyareas.LosAngelesisworkingtosettlethisissuebyapplyingaspecialpainton1millionsquarefeetofroadsinthecity.24．Howdoesthepaintwork?A.Byabsorbingheat.通过吸收热量。B.Bycreatingshadows.通过制造阴影C.Bymirroringlight.通过反射光线。D.Bychangingroadcolors.通过改变道路颜色②TheGAFCoolCommunityProject,aninitiativebyroofingcompanyGAF,haspaintedroads,parkinglots,andevenplaygroundsintheLosAngelesneighborhoodofPacoimawiththesolar-reflectivepaint.（太阳反射涂料）GAFpartneredwithlocalorganizations,governmentsandscientistsfortheproject.25．HowdoesTorresfindthepaint?A.Itbringsdesiredeffects.它带来了预期的效果。B.Itisanadventurousidea.这是一个冒险的想法C.Itisashort-termsolution.这是一个短期的解决方案D.Itneedsmoretestingtime.它需要更多的测试时间。⑤“Myfeetdofeelcooler:Yes!Youcaninstantlyfeelthedifferenceonthesoles(脚底)ofyourfeel,”saidMelanieTorres,aPacoimaresident.“Ithinkit’sgreat.PacoimaisoneofthelargesthotzonesinLAsowewerefortunatetobeselected.”26．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Atheoryonanewtechnology.一种新技术的理论。B.Aprojecttoimprovecitizens’lives.一个改善公民生活的项目。C.Anartaimingtobeautifycities.一种旨在美化城市的艺术。D.Astudyontheurbanheatislandeffect.城市热岛效应研究。①InLosAngeles,California,wheretemperaturestendtostaywarmyear-round,youcanfeelasignificantdifferenceinheatwhenyou’realongthecoastoroutsidethecitycomparedtowhenyou’reinhighly-populatedpartsofthecity.Thisphenomenon,knownastheurbanheatislandeffect,canmakedaytimetemperaturesinhighly-populatedareas1℉to7℉warmerthannearbyareas.LosAngelesisworkingtosettlethisissuebyapplyingaspecialpainton1millionsquarefeetofroadsinthecity.⑥Theinitiativewillmonitortheneighborhoodtemperaturesoverthenexttwoyearstodetermineitseffectiveness.Ifsuccessful,morereflectivecoatingsmaybeappliedinotherneighborhoods.如果成功，更多的反射涂层可能会应用到其他社区。【全文翻译】在加利福尼亚州的洛杉矶，气温往往全年保持温暖，当你沿着海岸或城外时，与你在城市人口稠密的地区相比，你可以感受到明显的热量差异。这种现象被称为城市热岛效应，它会使人口密集地区的白天温度比附近地区高1到7华氏度。洛杉矶正在努力解决这个问题，在该市100万平方英尺的道路上涂上一种特殊的油漆。由屋顶公司GAF发起的GAFCoolCommunityProject，已经在洛杉矶Pacoima社区的道路、停车场甚至操场上涂上了太阳能反射漆。GAF与当地组织、政府和科学家合作开展该项目。“帕科伊马是洛杉矶最热门的地区之一，并没有像其他许多社区那样得到投资，”该项目的负责人杰夫·特里说。“希望我们能让这个地方更适合居民居住。”这种涂料使用的是隐形阴影，这是gaf旗下的StreetBond公司生产的一种涂料。InvisibleShade含有添加剂(添加剂)，可以反射可见光和红外线(红外线的)以减少热量。涂层有14种颜色可供选择，也可以定制。虽然在帕科伊马的大部分地区，所应用的涂料都是灰色的，但该计划与当地一位艺术家合作，为一些地区创造了独特的图案，比如操场、停车场和篮球场。“我的脚确实觉得凉了。是的!”帕科马居民梅勒妮·托雷斯说:“你可以立即感受到鞋底的不同(脚底)。”“我认为这很棒。帕科马是洛杉矶最大的热点地区之一，所以我们很幸运被选中。”该倡议将在未来两年内监测附近的温度，以确定其有效性。如果成功，更多的反射涂层可能会应用到其他社区。【passage8】①It’saraceagainsttime,asgenerationsofculturalheritageconservatorsattheDunhuangAcademymakeagreatefforttoprotecttheartisticcharmoftheMogaoCaves,aUNESCOWorldHeritageSite,despiteerosion(侵蚀)bysandandwind.②Theteamisdedicatedtoprotectingthe45,000squaremetersofmurals(壁画)andmorethan2,400paintedsculpturesofthe735cavesofthesite,theconstructionofwhichspansaboutathousandyears,fromthe4thcenturytothe14thcentury.TheculturalrelicsaretheproductoftheculturalexchangesthattookplaceovercenturiesontheancientSilkRoad.“Ourwork,repairingmuralsandpaintedsculptures,istobetterpreservethecaves,whichpromotesthegreatDunhuangspiritofinclusivenesstotheworldandinspiresmodernpeople,”saysSuBomin,directoroftheDunhuangAcademy.③Commonlyseen“diseases”affectingthemuralsincludecrackingandflaking(剥落),aswellaserosionthatiscausedbychangesintemperatureandhumidityofthecaves,andthedepositionofsalts.Torestoreamuralrequiresanall-rounder.Restorersshouldknowpainting,mastertheskillsofamasonandhavesomeknowledgeofchemistryandphysics,tobeabletorecognizetheproblemsandtheircorrespondingcausesanddeliverasolution.Theymustalsoselectpropermaterialsandtools,andconductexperiments,beforeformallycarryingouttherestorationandevaluatingtheeffectafterward.④Therestorationshouldrespecttheoriginalworkandaimtomaintainthestatusquoofthemuralsratherthanrepaintingthem.Whentherestorersfindsomepartsofmuralsmissingorfadingaway,theyneverrepaintthemtocreatea“perfect”appearanceinrestoration.“Culturalrelicsarewitnessesofhistory,”explainsSu.“Whenyoupursuetheso-calledintact(完好无损的)lookforartisticreasons,youwilllosetheirkeymeaning.”⑤Caveconservationisaboutcontinuouslysolvingproblems.“Itneedsalong-termresearchtobetterpreservethecaves,overamuchwidertimespanthatgoesbeyondourlifetimes,”Susays.Butatleast,theycankeeptheexistinglookofthemuralsforaslongaspossible.（素材来源：安徽省2023—2024学年（上）高二冬季阶段性检测英语试题）27.Whatisthemainpurposeofparagraph2?A.ToshowthepopularityofDunhuangmurals.B.ToexplainthehistoryoftheancientSilkRoad.C.Tostressthesignificanceoftherestorationwork.D.Topresentthewaysofprotectingculturalheritage.28.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestherestorationwork?A.Creative.B.Well-paid.CInteresting.D.Demanding.29.Whatshouldrestoringmuralsfocusonaccordingtoparagraph4?ASpottingthefadedmuralsintime.B.Fixingthemissingpartsofmurals.C.Makingpreservationofthemuralsastheyare.D.Repaintingtoperfecttheappearanceofmurals.30.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheArtisticCharmofMuralPaintings.B.TheMuralRestorationintheMogaoCaves.C.TheSuccessfulExperimentonCaveConservation.TheRoleoftheDunhuangSpiritinChineseCulture.【魔法带练】串联题干：Whatisthemainpurposeofparagraph2?28.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestherestorationwork?29.Whatshouldrestoringmuralsfocusonaccordingtoparagraph4?30.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?主题归纳：restoringmurals壁画修复30.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheArtisticCharmofMuralPaintings.壁画的艺术魅力。B.TheMuralRestorationintheMogaoCaves.莫高窟壁画修复。C.TheSuccessfulExperimentonCaveConservation.洞穴保护的成功实验D.TheRoleoftheDunhuangSpiritinChineseCulture.敦煌精神在中国文化中的作用。标题归纳题解题技法：①主题词关联-muralrestore壁画储藏②回文定位（段首，段尾，段落首尾句，频率词）①It’saraceagainsttime,asgenerationsofculturalheritageconservatorsattheDunhuangAcademymakeagreatefforttoprotecttheartisticcharmoftheMogaoCaves,aUNESCOWorldHeritageSite,despiteerosion(侵蚀)bysandandwind.同义替换：Restoration=protecttheartisticcharm27.Whatisthemainpurposeofparagraph2?A.ToshowthepopularityofDunhuangmurals.以显示敦煌壁画的普及程度。B.ToexplainthehistoryoftheancientSilkRoad.解释古丝绸之路的历史。C.Tostressthesignificanceoftherestorationwork.强调修复工作的重要性。D.Topresentthewaysofprotectingculturalheritage.提出保护文化遗产的方法②Theteamisdedicatedtoprotectingthe45,000squaremetersofmurals(壁画)andmorethan2,400paintedsculpturesofthe735cavesofthesite,theconstructionofwhichspansaboutathousandyears,fromthe4thcenturytothe14thcentury.TheculturalrelicsaretheproductoftheculturalexchangesthattookplaceovercenturiesontheancientSilkRoad.“Ourwork,repairingmuralsandpaintedsculptures,istobetterpreservethecaves,whichpromotesthegreatDunhuangspiritofinclusivenesstotheworldandinspiresmodernpeople,”saysSuBomin,directoroftheDunhuangAcademy.这道题表面问的是段落目的，实质问的是段落细节细节题解题技法：①读题干，抓关键词(一般情况下关键词为大写，人名，地名，数字，特殊修饰词，从句）②快速阅读文章，根据出题顺序回文定位③对比选项，对比原文信息其实这种题目比原来的细节题更加容易，起码不用通过题干的关键词通篇搜索同义替换：Takeplaceovercenturies=history所以B选项当选28.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestherestorationwork?下列哪一项最能描述修复工作Creative.（创造性的）B.Well-paid.（高薪的）CInteresting.（有趣的）D.Demanding.（苛刻的）这也是一道细节题，但是有点不一样是选项比上一题还要短选项越短，信息对比难度就会随之加大，所以做这种题目必须留到最后在做。③Commonlyseen“diseases”affectingthemuralsincludecrackingandflaking(剥落),aswellaserosionthatiscausedbychangesintemperatureandhumidityofthecaves,andthedepositionofsalts.Torestoreamuralrequiresanall-rounder.Restorersshouldknowpainting,mastertheskillsofamasonandhavesomeknowledgeofchemistryandphysics,tobeabletorecognizetheproblemsandtheircorrespondingcausesanddeliverasolution.Theymustalsoselectpropermaterialsandtools,andconductexperiments,beforeformallycarryingouttherestorationandevaluatingtheeffectafterward.【超纲词解析】All-roundern.全能选手，多面手Iclassmyselfasanall-rounder.我将自己归为多面手。这道题目难点有两个：①要知道all-rounder是什么意思②知道all-rounder=demanding概念替换29.Whatshouldrestoringmuralsfocusonaccordingtoparagraph4?根据第4段，修复壁画的重点是什么ASpottingthefadedmuralsintime.及时发现褪色的壁画B.Fixingthemissingpartsofmurals.修复壁画缺失的部分。C.Makingpreservationofthemuralsastheyare.保护壁画的原貌D.Repaintingtoperfecttheappearanceofmurals.重新粉刷以完善壁画的外观。这道题类型跟32题一样同样的都是段落细节题④Therestorationshouldrespecttheoriginalworkandaimtomaintainthestatusquoofthemuralsratherthanrepaintingthem.Whentherestorersfindsomepartsofmuralsmissingorfadingaway,theyneverrepaintthemtocreatea“perfect”appearanceinrestoration.“Culturalrelicsarewitnessesofhistory,”explainsSu.“Whenyoupursuetheso-calledintact(完好无损的)lookforartisticreasons,youwilllosetheirkeymeaning.”同义替换：Makingpreservation....astheyare=maintainthestatusquoofthemurals=nevercreate【逐句翻译】①It’saraceagainsttime,asgenerationsofculturalheritageconservatorsattheDunhuangAcademymakeagreatefforttoprotecttheartisticcharmoftheMogaoCaves,aUNESCOWorldHeritageSite,despiteerosion(侵蚀)bysandandwind.句子结构分析：as引导比较状语从句；despite引导让步状语从句；aUNESCO....引导同位语从句做Mogaocaves句意：这是一场与时间的赛跑，尽管受到风沙侵蚀(侵蚀)，敦煌研究院的几代文化遗产保护人员仍在努力保护莫高窟的艺术魅力。莫高窟被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产。②Theteamisdedicatedtoprotectingthe45,000squaremetersofmurals(壁画)andmorethan2,400paintedsculpturesofthe735cavesofthesite,theconstructionofwhichspansaboutathousandyears,fromthe4thcenturytothe14thcentury.句子结构分析：which引导定语从句修饰theconstruction;from....to...做同位语补充解释athousandsyears.句意：该团队致力于保护该遗址735个洞穴的45,000平方米壁画(壁画)和2400多个彩绘雕塑，这些洞穴从4世纪到14世纪跨越了大约1000年。【固定搭配解析】Bededicatedto....致力于Shouldourbestmindsbededicatedtosolvingourbiggestproblems?我们最优秀的头脑是否应当致力于解决人类面临的最大问题?TheculturalrelicsaretheproductoftheculturalexchangesthattookplaceovercenturiesontheancientSilkRoad.句子结构分析：that引导定语从句修饰culturalexchanges句意：这些文物是几个世纪以来古丝绸之路上文化交流的产物。“Ourwork,repairingmuralsandpaintedsculptures,istobetterpreservethecaves,whichpromotesthegreatDunhuangspiritofinclusivenesstotheworldandinspiresmodernpeople,”saysSuBomin,directoroftheDunhuangAcademy.句子结构分析：repairingmuralsandpaintedsculptures非谓语动词做定语修饰ourwork;thedirectoroftheDunhuangacademy做同位语修饰Subomin句意：敦煌研究院院长苏波民说“我们的工作，修复壁画和彩雕，是为了更好地保护洞穴，这促进了伟大的敦煌精神，包容世界，激励现代人，”。【超纲词解析】Murals壁画【记忆】mur墙+alSoitisalsoverynecessarytoexploreandresearchfurtherthespacemuralpainting.因而对空间壁画的进一步探索研究也是非常必要的.③Commonlyseen“diseases”affectingthemuralsincludecrackingandflaking(剥落),aswellaserosionthatiscausedbychangesintemperatureandhumidityofthecaves,andthedepositionofsalts.句子结构分析：affecting...作定语修饰diseases；that引导定语从句修饰erosion句意：影响壁画的常见“疾病”包括开裂和剥落(剥落)，以及由洞穴温度和湿度变化引起的侵蚀，以及盐的沉积。Torestoreamuralrequiresanall-rounder.修复壁画需要一个多面手。Restorersshouldknowpainting,mastertheskillsofamasonandhavesomeknowledgeofchemistryandphysics,tobeabletorecognizetheproblemsandtheircorrespondingcausesanddeliverasolution.句子结构分析：tobeableto...不定式作伴随状语句意：修复人员应该懂得绘画，掌握泥瓦匠的技能，并具备一定的化学和物理知识，能够识别问题及其相应的原因，并提供解决方案。Theymustalsoselectpropermaterialsandtools,andconductexperiments,beforeformallycarryingouttherestorationandevaluatingtheeffectafterward.他们还必须选择合适的材料和工具，并进行实验，然后才正式进行修复和评估效果