计算机专业英语

计算机专业英语目录CONTENTSOverviewofComputerProfessionalEnglishComputerhardwarerelatedEnglishComputersoftwarerelatedEnglishComputerNetworkRelatedEnglishEnglishrelatedtoprogramminglanguagesandalgorithmsEnglishrelatedtocutting-edgetechnologyinthecomputerindustry01OverviewofComputerProfessionalEnglishCHAPTERTheDefinitionandImportanceofComputerProfessionalEnglishDefinition:ComputerProfessionalEnglishisanEnglishlanguagespecificallydesignedforthefieldofcomputerscienceandtechnology,coveringprofessionaltermsandexpressionsincomputerhardware,software,networks,programming,andotherareas.Importance:Withthecontinuousdevelopmentofcomputertechnology,computerprofessionalEnglishhasbecomeoneoftheessentialskillsforpractitionersinthecomputerfield.MasteringcomputerprofessionalEnglishcanbetterreadandunderstandEnglishtechnicaldocuments,participateininternationalexchanges,obtainthelatesttechnologicaltrendsandtrends,andcollaborateandinnovatewithglobalpeers.TheCharacteristicsandRequirementsofComputerProfessionalEnglishFeatures:ComputerEnglishhasthecharacteristicsofstrongprofessionalism,largevocabulary,accurateexpression,andfastupdatespeed.Amongthem,strongprofessionalismreferstotheinclusionofalargenumberofprofessionaltermsandabbreviationsincomputerprofessionalEnglish,whichrequireslearnerstohaveacertainlevelofcomputerbasicknowledge;AlargevocabularyreferstothefactthatthevocabularyofcomputerspecializedEnglishismuchlargerthanthatofregularEnglish,requiringlearnerstocontinuouslyaccumulateandmemorize;Accurateexpressionreferstothefixedexpressionstyle,clearsemantics,andlesspronetoambiguityincomputerprofessionalEnglish;Fastupdatespeedreferstotherapiddevelopmentofcomputertechnology,withnewtermsandexpressionsconstantlyemerging,requiringlearnerstocontinuouslypayattentionandlearn.Requirement:LearningcomputerrelatedEnglishrequiresacertainfoundationinEnglish,includingbasicgrammar,vocabulary,andreadingabilities.Atthesametime,learnersalsoneedtounderstandbasiccomputerknowledge,suchascomputerarchitecture,operatingsystems,networks,etc.,inordertobetterunderstandandapplyprofessionalterminologyandexpressions.Inaddition,learnersalsoneedtocultivategoodreadinghabitsandself-learningabilitiesinordertocontinuouslyaccumulateandupdateknowledge.ThePurposeandSignificanceofLearningComputerProfessionalEnglishPurpose:ThepurposeoflearningcomputerprofessionalEnglishistoimprovelearners'technicalcommunicationability,readingcomprehensionability,internationalcompetitiveness,andlifelonglearningability.BystudyingcomputerprofessionalEnglish,learnerscanbetterunderstandthecutting-edgeknowledgeandtechnologyinthefieldofcomputerscience,participateininternationalacademicexchangesandtechnicalcooperation,andimprovetheirprofessionalcompetenceandemploymentcompetitiveness.Meanwhile,learningcomputerrelatedEnglishcanalsoprovidelearnerswithabroaderacademicperspectiveandcareerdevelopmentspace.Meaning:ThesignificanceoflearningcomputerprofessionalEnglishliesinpromotinginternationalacademicexchangeandtechnologicalcooperation,andpromotingthedevelopmentandinnovationofcomputertechnology.Intheeraofglobalization,internationalexchangeandcooperationhavebecomeimportantforcesinpromotingscientificandtechnologicalprogress.BystudyingcomputerprofessionalEnglish,learnerscanbetterintegrateintotheatmosphereofinternationalacademicexchangeandtechnicalcooperation,exploreandsolvetechnicalproblemswithglobalpeers,andpromotetheprogressandinnovationofcomputertechnology.Atthesametime,learningcomputerrelatedEnglishcanalsoimprovethecomprehensivequalityandlifelonglearningabilityoflearners,layingasolidfoundationfortheirfuturecareerdevelopment.02ComputerhardwarerelatedEnglishCHAPTER0102CentralPro…Thecomputingcoreofacomputer,responsibleforexecutinginstructionsinprograms.Memory(RAM)Usedtostorerunningprogramsanddata,providingfastreadandwritespeeds.Harddisk(HDD/SSD)Adevicethatstoresdataandprogramsforalongtimeandhasalargestoragecapacity.GraphicsCard(GPU)Aspecializedhardwareforprocessinggraphicsdata,usedtoimprovegraphicsrenderingspeed.MotherboardAplatformforconnectingandcoordinatingvarioushardwaredevices,providingvariousinterfacesandslots.030405ComputerhardwarecompositionandfunctionsEnglishnamesandabbreviationsforhardwaredevicesRAMSSDRandomAccessMemorySolidStateDriveCPUHDDGPUCentralProcessingUnitHardDiskDriveGraphicsProcessingUnitBasicInput/OutputSystem,usedtosethardwareparametersandstartacomputer.BIOSUniversalSerialBus,acommonlyusedexternaldeviceinterfacestandard.USBPowerOnSelfTest,usedtocheckifthecomputerhardwareisworkingproperly.POSTInterruptRequest,usedtocoordinatecommunicationbetweendifferenthardware.IRQVideoGraphicsArray,adisplayinterfacestandard.VGA0201030405CommonEnglishforhardwaretroubleshootingandmaintenance03ComputersoftwarerelatedEnglishCHAPTERSystemsoftware:Managethehardwareandapplicationsofacomputer,includingoperatingsystems,devicedrivers,andsystemtools.SoftwareasaService(SaaS):Providessoftwareservicesoverthenetworkwithouttheneedforuserstoinstallsoftware,suchasonlineemail,cloudstorage,etc.Opensourcesoftware:softwarewhosesourcecodeispubliclyavailableandallowsuserstofreelyuse,modify,anddistributeit.Applicationsoftware:Softwaredesignedforspecifictasksorindustries,suchasofficesoftware,imageprocessingsoftware,etc.ClassificationandFunctionofComputerSoftwareTheprocessandstandardsofsoftwaredevelopmentRequirementanalysisClarifythefunctionalityandtargetusersofthesoftware,collectandanalyzeuserrequirements.DesignphaseBasedontherequirementsanalysisresults,designthesoftwarearchitecture,interface,anddatabase.EncodingimplementationAccordingtothedesigndocument,useprogramminglanguagetoimplementsoftwarefunctions.TestacceptanceTestthesoftwaretoensurenormalfunctionalityandnovulnerabilities.BugRegressionTestStabilityTestDebuggingCommonEnglishforSoftwareTestingandDebuggingVerifywhethernewfeaturesormodificationsaffectexistingfeatures.Testthestabilityofthesoftwaretoensureitdoesnotcrashduringlongrunsorlargeamountsofdatainput.Findandfixerrorsordefectsinsoftware.Anerrorordefectinthesoftware.04ComputerNetworkRelatedEnglishCHAPTER01TCP/IPprotocolfamily02TCP(TransmissionControlProtocol)-TransmissionControlProtocol03IP(InternetProtocol)-InternetProtocol04DNS(DomainNameSystem):DomainNameSystem05HTTP(HypertextTransferProtocol):HypertextTransferProtocol06FTP(FileTransferProtocol):FileTransferProtocolFundamentalsofComputerNetworksSwitch:SwitchHub:HubAP(AccessPoint):WirelessaccesspointFirewall:FirewallRouter:RouterEnglishnamesandabbreviationsfornetworkdevicesPhishing:PhishingSpyware:SpywareVirus:VirusMalware:MalicioussoftwarePasswordCracking:PasswordcrackingCommonEnglishforNetworkSecurityandMaintenance010302040505EnglishrelatedtoprogramminglanguagesandalgorithmsCHAPTERC(CPlusPlus):Anefficientandportableprogramminglanguagethatsupportsobject-orientedprogrammingandproceduralprogramming.Python:Aninterpreted,high-levelprogramminglanguagewidelyusedinfieldssuchasdataanalysisandmachinelearning.Java:Acrossplatform,object-orientedprogramminglanguagewidelyusedinenterpriselevelapplicationdevelopment.JavaScript:Ascriptinglanguageusedforwebdevelopment,supportingasynchronousprogrammingandeventdriven.SQL:Aprogramminglanguageusedtomanagerelationaldatabases,withhighlystructuredandquerycapabilities.0102030405Englishnamesandcharacteristicsofcommonprogramminglanguages0102BinarySearchAbinarysearchalgorithmthatsearchesforspecificelementsinanorderedarray.HeapSortAheapsortingalgorithmthatsortsbyconstructingthemaximumorminimumheap.LinkedListAlinkedlistdatastructureconsistingofaseriesofnodes,eachcontainingdataandapointertothenextnode.TreeAtreeshapeddatastructurecomposedofnodesandedges,usedtorepresenthierarchicalrelationships.GraphAgraphdatastructurecomposedofnodesandedges,usedtorepresenttherelationshipbetweenanytwoentities.030405EnglishnamesanddescriptionsofalgorithmsanddatastructuresCommonEnglishforProgrammingStandardsandAnnotationsVariablesshouldbedeclaredandinitializedbeforeuseWritecommentstoexplaincomplexcodeoralgorithmsUsepropertyindentationtostructurecodeblocksUsemeaningfulvariablenamestoimprovecodereadability06Englishrelatedtocutting-edgetechnologyinthecomputerindustryCHAPTERArtificialIntelligencereferstotheuseofcomputerprogramsandalgorithmstoenablemachinestosimulatehumanintelligentbehavior,achievehuman-computerinteraction,andmakeautonomousdecisions.MachineLearningItisanimportantbranchofartificialintelligencethatenablesmachinestoautomaticallylearnandimprovethroughtrainingandoptimizingalgorithms,continuouslyimprovingperformanceandaccuracy.TheBasicConceptsofArtificialIntelligenceandMachineLearningCloudcomputingreferstotheprovisionofcomp