动词时态语态一 讲义 2022届高考英语语法 教师版

PAGE12022届英语语法精讲精练微专题（动词时态语态一）教师版考点清单一、一般现在时要点精讲1：表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态，常有标志性时间副词always,everyday等。在语法填空科技类说明文，以及短文改错介绍客观事实经常用一般现在时。例1：Ileavehomeforschoolat7:00ameveryday.例2：Healwaystakesawalkaftersupper.【即时训练】在空白处填括号内单词的正确形式。1.Peerpressurecanhappenwhenwe____________(influence)todosomething.2.(2017·天津卷)Nowadays,cycling,alongwithjoggingandswimming,____________(regard)asoneofthebestall-roundformsofexercise.【答案与解析】1.areinfluenced。这里介绍客观事实，应用一般现在时；结合语境又是被动语态。故答案是areinfluenced。2.isregarded。句中有标志性副词Nowadays；同时结合语境应用被动语态；还应考虑主语与alongwith短语与前边主语一致。故答案是isregarded。要点精讲2：表示客观事实和普遍真理常用一般现在时。例3：Theteachertoldusthattheearthmovesaroundthesun.例4：Soundtravelsfasterthroughwaterthanitdoesthroughair.【即时训练】在空白处填括号内单词的正确形式。3.(2012﹒全国卷)"Lifeislikewalkinginthesnow",Grannyusedtosay,"becauseeverystep________(show).”4.(2018·全国I卷)Whilerunningregularlycan’tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit________(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglifethanwalking,cyclingorswimming.【答案与解析】3.shows。句意：奶奶过去常说，“人生就像雪地走路，因为每一步都会显示出来。”该句含有哲理，故用一般现在时。故答案是shows。4.is。结合语境这里表示规律性内容，应用一般现在时。故答案是is。要点精讲3：在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时代替将来时，即“主将从现”。例5：I'llwritetoyouassoonasIarrivethere.例6：Whetherheagreesornot,Iwillstayathome.【即时训练】在空白处填括号内单词的正确形式。5.IwonderwhenMrBrown_________(arrive).Whenhe__________(arrive),I’lltellhimthenewsatonce.【答案与解析】5.willarrive;arrives。第一句when从句是宾语从句，结合语境应用一般将来时；第二句when从句是时间状语从句，因此应考虑使用“主将从现”。故答案是willarrive;arrives。要点精讲4：表示飞机、火车、轮船（“飞火轮”）周期性时刻表且有明确时间状语，常用一般现在时。例7：ThetrainforNanjingleavesat6:05tomorrowmorning.例8：Thenextplanearrivesat3:15thisafternoon.【即时训练】在空白处填括号内单词的正确形式。6.Lookatthetimetable.Hurryup!Flight4026__________(take)offat18:20.7.Ladiesandgentlemen,pleasefastenyourseatbelts.Theplane_________(take)off.【答案与解析】6.takes。表示飞机、火车、轮船（“飞火轮”）周期性时刻表且有明确时间状语，常用一般现在时。故答案是takes。7.istaking。本句虽然涉及到飞机航班，但是没有具体时间，应用现在进行时表示将来的动作。故答案是istaking。考点清单二、现在进行时要点精讲1：现在进行时表示此时此刻正在进行的动作，常有now,atpresent,currently,Look,Listen,atthemoment等标志性词汇。例9：Bequiet!Thebabyissleeping.例10：Listen!SheissinginganEnglishsong.【即时训练】在空白处填括号内单词的正确形式。8.Look!Theman________________(question)bythepolice.9.Wouldyoupleasekeepsilent?Theweatherreport_________________(broadcast)andIwanttolisten.【答案与解析】8.isbeingquestioned。本句有关键性单词Look!。因此后面应用现在进行时；同时结合语境应用被动语态。故答案是isbeingquestioned。9.isbeingbroadcast/broadcasted。结合前一句“Wouldyoupleasekeepsilent?”，得知天气预报正在被播送；故应用现在进行时的被动语态。故答案是isbeingbroadcast/broadcasted。要点精讲2：现在进行时还可以表示现阶段但并非眼下正在进行着的动作，这种动作常与表示一段的时间状语连用，如thesedays,thisweek等。例11：Theyareplantingtreesonthehillthesedays.例12：Idon'treallyworkhere;Iamjusthelpingoutuntilthenewsecretaryarrives.【即时训练】在空白处填括号内单词的正确形式。10.Theyarelivingwiththeirparentsforthemomentbecausetheirownhouse____________(rebuild).【答案与解析】10.isbeingrebuilt。结合语境这里表示一个现阶段正在进行的动作“房屋被重建”，且正在进行，故答案是isbeingrebuilt。要点精讲3：go,come,leave,take,run等瞬间动词的现在进行时可以表示将来发生的动作。例13：JaneandBettyaregoingonholidayinafewdays.例14：WhereareyoustayinginGuangzhou?【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。11.Foodsuppliesintheflood-strickenarea_________(run)out.Wemustactimmediatelybeforethere’sleft.12.Becausetheshop__________(close)down,alltheT-shirtsaresoldathalfprice.【答案与解析】11.arerunning。go,come,leave,take,run等瞬间动词的现在进行时可以表示将来发生的动作。故答案是arerunning。12.isclosing。go,come,leave,take,run等瞬间动词的现在进行时可以表示将来发生的动作。该句意为：因为这个商店快要倒闭了，所有的T恤衫半价销售。故答案是isclosing。要点精讲4：always,forever,continually,constantly等频度副词与现在进行时连用表示赞扬、抱怨、不满等感情色彩。例15：Heisconstantlyleavinghisthingsabout.（表责怪）例16：Theyareforeverquarrelingaboutsomething.(不满)【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。13.He______________(alwayslearn)thingsfromhisclassmates.Nowonderthathecomesfirstinthemid-termexamination.【答案与解析】13.isalwayslearning。本句现在进行时与always连用表示赞扬。故答案是isalwayslearning。考点清单三、现在完成时要点精讲1：表示从过去某时开始的动作一直持续到现在并有可能继续下去。常见标志词：副词型already,ever,never,recently,lately,yet；短语型sofar,everysince,fordays,uptonow,inthepasttwoyears,overtheweeks等。概括为：发生在过去，影响在现在。例17：Sincethen,hehasdevelopedanotherbadhabit.例18：Uptonow,everythinghasbeenOK.例19：Therehasbeennorainherefornearlytwomonths.【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。14.Sofarmorethanonefriend____________(invite)tomybirthdaypartytobeheldtomorrow.15.(2014·全国卷)Thereportswentmissingin2012andnobody____________(see)themsince.16.(2018·北京卷)China’shigh-speedrailways____________(grow)from9,000to25,000kilometersinthepastfewyears.【答案与解析】14.hasbeeninvited。sofar常与现在完成时连用；morethanone接单数名词，谓语也用单数；语境暗示被动语态。故答案是hasbeeninvited。15.hasseen。句末since是解答本题关键，since,eversince等常与现在完成时连用。故答案是hasseen。16.havegrown。inthepastfewyears常与现在完成时连用。故答案是havegrown。要点精讲2：在It/Thisisthefirst/second/third…time+that…从句中，从句常用现在完成时。例19：ItisthefirsttimethatIhavespokeninpublic.【即时训练】在空白处填括号内单词的正确形式。17.Thisisthefirsttimethathe__________(compete)againstatennischampion.【答案与解析】17.hascompeted。在It/Thisisthefirst/second/third…time+that…从句中，从句常用现在完成时。故答案是hascompeted。要点精讲3：在It/Thisisthebest/worst…+名词+定语从句中，从句常用现在完成时。例20：Thisisthemostinterestingnovelthathehaseverwritten.【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。18.ZhongNanshanisthemostdistinguisheddoctorinChinathat___________(recognize)internationally.19.ItisthemostinstructivelecturethatI___________(attend)sinceIcametothisschool.【答案与解析】18.hasbeenrecognized。在It/Thisisthebest/worst…+名词+定语从句中，从句常用现在完成时；同时语境暗示被动语态。故答案是hasbeenrecognized。19.haveattended。在It/Thisisthebest/worst…+名词+定语从句中，从句常用现在完成时；since从句也是暗示。故答案是haveattended。考点清单四、现在完成进行时要点精讲1：现在完成进行时表示一个近期内时断时续、重复发生的动作，常和for，since引导的时间状语连用。例21：Wehavebeendiscussingthematterseveraltimesthisyear.例22：Hehasbeenwritingarticlestothenewspapersandmagazinessincehebecameateacher.【即时训练】在空白处填括号内单词的正确形式。20.(2015·陕西卷)Mary____________(work)reallyhardonhisbookandthinkshe’llhavefinisheditbyFriday.21.(2016·北京卷)—Excuseme,whichmovieareyouwaitingfor?—ThenewStarWars.We__________(wait)hereformorethantwohours.【答案与解析】20.hasbeenworking。现在完成进行时表示一个近期内时断时续、重复发生的动作，强调持续性，不间断性。故答案是hasbeenworking。21.havebeenwaiting。现在完成进行时表示一个近期内时断时续、重复发生的动作，常和for，since引导的时间状语连用。故答案是havebeenwaiting。要点精讲2：现在完成进行时和现在完成时的用法比较区别现在完成进行时现在完成时区别一表示动作的重复一般不表示重复性区别二含有感情色彩一般是平铺直叙区别三强调事情的过程强调事情结果例23：Haveyoubeenmeetinghimrecently?你最近常和他见面吗？例24：Haveyoumethimrecently?你最近见到过他吗？例25：Ihavebeenwaitingforyoufortwohours.我一直等了你两个小时。（可能表示不满）例26：Ihavewaitedforyoufortwohours.我等了你两个小时。（说明一个事实）例27：Whohasbeeneatingtheoranges?谁一直在吃这些桔子呀？（还剩余一些）例28：Whohaseatentheoranges?谁把桔子吃光了？（强调吃得一个不剩）【即时训练】在空白处填括号内单词的正确形式。22.(2016·江苏卷)Dashan,who_________(learn)crosstalk,theChinesecomedictradition,fordecades,wantstomixitupwiththeWesternstand-uptradition.【答案与解析】22.hasbeenlearning。现在完成进行时表示一个近期内时断时续、重复发生的动作，强调持续性、未完成性。故答案是hasbeenlearning。好题再练（一）高考真题【即时训练】在空白处填括号内单词的正确形式。1.(2021·天津卷)Currently,about35,000works____________(display)inover300roomsintheLouvre,anditwouldtakealifetimetoseeeverything.2.(2021·浙江卷)Itdoesn'timpresslikeGeorgeWashington'splantationonthePotomac,butLincoln'shomeindowntownSpringfield,Illinois,____________(prove)irresistibletovisitorssinceitopenedtothepublic.3.(2020·江苏卷)Ifyoulookatallsidesofthesituation,you’llfindprobablyasolutionthat________(suit)everyone.4.(2020·天津卷)Thenumberofmedicalschoolsreached18intheearly1990sand________(remain)aroundthatlevelsince.5.(2020·天津卷)—Youareagreatswimmer.—Thanks.It’sbecauseI__________(practice)alotthesedays.6.(2019·江苏卷)Themusicianalongwithhisbandmembers___________(give)tenperformancesinthelastthreemonths.7.(2019·全国II卷)Idon'tseeanyreasontogiveupwork.IlovecominghereandseeingmyfamilyandallthefriendsI___________(make)overtheyears8.(2019·全国I卷)Ofthenineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,six______(be)stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.9.(2018·全国II卷)DietshavechangedinChina—andsotoohasitstopcrop.Since2011,thecountry________(grow)morecornthanrice.10.(2018·天津卷)Mywashingmachine___________(repair)thisweek,soIhavetowashmyclothesbyhand.【答案】1.arebeingdisplayed2.hasproved/hasproven3.suits4.hasremained5.havebeenpracticing6.hasgiven7.havemade8.are9.hasgrown10.isbeingrepaired好题再练（二）模拟试题【即时训练】在空白处填括号内单词的正确形式。11.Nowadays,swimming____________(consider)tobeoneofthebestall-roundformsofexercise.12.Despitethepreviousroundsoftalks,noagreement__________(reach)sofarbythetwosides.13.Hurryup,kids!Theschoolbus____________(wait)forus!14.Themanager____________(tell)theworkershowtoimprovetheprogramsince9a.m.15.Hisfirstnovel____________(receive)goodreviewssinceitcameoutlastmonth.16.Thatpieceofmusicsoundsquitefamiliar.Who____________(play)thepianoupstairs?17.Unlessextramoney_____________(find),thetheatrewillclose.18.Thisisthefirsttimewethat____________(see)afilminthecinematogetherasafamily.19.Walmart,whichisoneofthelargestAmericansupermarketchains,____________(keep)someofitsstoreopen24hoursonMondaysthroughSaturdays.20.—WhereisPeter?Ican'tfindhimanywhere.—Hewenttothelibraryafterbreakfastand____________(write)hisessaythereeversince.【答案】11.isconsidered12.hasbeenreached13.iswaiting14.hasbeentelling15.hasreceived16.isplaying17.