2021-2022学年高中英语译林版选修8教学案：Unit-1-Section-5-文本版含答案

Ⅰ.Readthetextanddecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F)．1．RobertBurnsbecamefamousworldwideafterhisfirstbookofpoetrywaspublished.(F)2．BurnsbelongstothegroupofRomanticpoets.(T)3．ThehousewhereBurnswasbornisusedasamuseum.(T)4．It'ssaidthat‘ARed,RedRose’waswrittentohisloveNellyKirkpatrick.(F)5．Eachlineofeachsectionin‘ARed,RedRose’rhymes.(F)Ⅱ.Fillineachblankwithnomorethanthreewordsaccordingtothetext.SomefactsaboutRobertBurns'spersonallife★HewasborninAlloway,Scotlandin1759anddiedin1796becauseofahardlifethathelivedand(1)poor_health.★Hegrewupinapoorfamilywhichwas(2)in_heavy_debt.★ThoughRobertBurnswasafamouspoet，hedidn'tmakemuchmoneyandhadtomakehislivingbyfarming.★It'ssaidthatBurns(3)owedhissuccesstohisfirstlove,NellyKirkpatrick，whoencouragedhimtowritepoetry.SomefactsaboutRobertBurns's(4)poetry★(5)The_publicationofhisfirstbookofpoetrymadehimveryfamous.★Asapoet,heshowed(6)great_interestinnature,whichwasoftenusedasathemeinhispoetry.★Thespellinginhisfamouspoem‘ARed,RedRose’looksratherstrange(7)because/as/sincehewroteitjustliketheScottishpeoplespokebackthen.Howpeople(8)rememberRobertBurns★AmonumentinhonourofhimwasbuiltinGeorgeSquareinGlasgow，Scotland,andthedaywhenitwas(9)initially/firstshowntothepublicwasdeclaredaholiday.★ThehouseinAllowaywhereBurnswasbornisnow(10)usedasamuseumofhislifeandwork.Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Assoonasshebecameawidow(遗孀)shedevotedherselftowomen'shighereducation.2．ItissaidthatFrenchmenareamongthemostromantic(浪漫的)peopleintheworld.3．Theybuiltamonument(纪念碑)inmemoryofthosewhodiedinthegreatearthquake.4．Twomensprang(突然消灭)outatmeasIwaswalkingthroughthepark.5．Metalswillmelt(熔化)whenheatedtoacertaintemperature.6．We'llrunintodebt(债务)ifyouspendmorethanourincome.7．Canyoutranslatethoseparagraphs(段落)intoEnglish?Ⅱ.拓展词汇1．reputationn．名声，名誉→reputableadj.声誉好的，有声望的；有信誉的2．adorevt.宠爱，宠爱，宠爱→adorationn．敬慕，宠爱→adorableadj.值得宠爱的，可爱的3．intendvt.&vi.打算，方案，想要→intentionn．意图，目的；打算[巧记单词]派生词adorable→adore＋去e＋­ableintention→intend＋d改为t＋­ionⅢ.补全短语1．inhonourof纪念……2．belongto属于3．intendtodosth.意欲……；打算……4．consistof由……构成5．compare...to...把……比作……6．focuson集中于……7．aslongas只要8．promisetodo许诺做……1．[教材原句]ThisisprobablywhyBurnstalkedaboutaroseinhisfamouspoem，‘ARed,RedRose’.这可能就是彭斯在他有名的诗歌《一朵红红的玫瑰》里评论玫瑰的缘由。[句型点拨]“This/Thatiswhy...”句型。[佳句赏析]Tobetopofthatlistshowswhatagreatplayerheisandthat'swhywepaidthemoneyforhim.他以在得分榜上名列前茅来证明他是个多么宏大的球员，这就是我们给他这么多钱的缘由。2．[教材原句]HewroteinthesamewaytheScottishpeoplespokebackthen,whichexplainswhythespellinglooksratherstrange.他用苏格兰方言写作，这就解释了为什么这首诗的拼写看起来相当惊异。[句型点拨]“inthesameway(that)...”方式状语从句。[佳句赏析]Mostpeopledonotseemtoseethecostofahouseinthesameway(that)theyseeotherprices.多数人看待房屋价格的方式好像不同于他们看待其他物品价格的方式。eq\a\vs4\al([课文对译])RobertBurnsandhispoetryRobertBurns,Scotland'ssupremeliteraryhero,wasborninAlloway,Scotlandin1759.Burnshadareputationforbeingfunnyandpleasanttobearound.However,hecamefromapoorfamilywithmanydebts,anddidnotevermakealotofmoney.PeoplesaythatBurns'sfirstlove,NellyKirkpatrick,encouragedhimtowritepoetry.‘ToaMouse’and‘TheHolyFair’，twoofhismostpopularpoems,bothappearedinhisfirstbookofpoetry.Afteritwaspublished,hebecamefamousnationwide.ThenhemovedtoEdinburgh,thecapitalandlargesturbancentreofScotland.Burnswasbythenafamouspoet,butwasnotanyricherandhadtoearnhisincomebyfarming.AhardlifeandweakhealthmadeRobertBurns'slifeshort.Hediedattheageof37in1796.AllofScotlandmournedBurns'sdeath，andafterwardsmanypeopledonatedmoneytosupporthiswidowandchildren.ThereisastatueofBurnsinGeorgeSquareinGlasgow,Scotland.Whenthismonumentinhonourofhimwasfirstshowntothepublicin1877,thedaywasdeclaredaholidayandabout30,000peoplecameouttowatch.FromthiswecanseehowmuchtheScottishpeopleadoredBurns.ThehouseinAllowaywhereBurnswasbornisnowamuseumofhislifeandwork.Burnsbelongedtoagroupofpoets(includingJohnKeatsandWilliamWordsworth)calledtheRomanticpoets.TheRomanticMovementstartedaround1780andlasteduntilabout1830.Thepoetryofthisperiodoftenfocusesonconceptslikefreedomandbeauty,andtendstouseimaginationandtouchonstrongfeelings.TheRomanticpoetswereveryinterestedinnature,andoftenuseditasathemeintheirpoetry.ThisisprobablywhyBurnstalkedaboutaroseinhisfamouspoem，‘ARed,RedRose’.HewroteinthesamewaytheScottishpeoplespokebackthen,whichexplainswhythespellinglooksratherstrange.Notehow‘love’isspelt‘luve’，how‘well’isspelt‘weel’andhow‘go’isspelt‘gang’.Thepoemwaspublishedin1794and,likemanyofBurns'spoems,itwasintendedtobeasong.Burnsdividedthispoemintofourshortsectionsconsistingoffourlineseach.Thesesectionsinapoemarelikeparagraphsinanarticle.Thesecondandfourthlinesofeachsectionrhyme.Poetryisusuallyfullofsymbols,and‘ARed,RedRose’isnodifferent.Withtheline‘OmyLuve'slikeared,redrose’，hecomparesthegirlhelovestoaredrose.Hegoesontocomparehertoasonginthelines‘OmyLuve'slikethemelodie/That'ssweetlyplay'dintune！’Whenhementions‘thesandso'life’inthethirdsection,heisswearingthathislovewillneverfadeaslongashelives.‘Faretheeweel’inthelastsectionofthepoemmeans‘farewell’，or‘goodbye’.Yet,thoughheissayinggoodbyetohislove,hepromisestocometoseeheragain,evenifhehastotraveltenthousandmiles.,罗伯特·彭斯和他的诗歌罗伯特·彭斯是苏格兰的文学巨匠，于1759年诞生在苏格兰的阿洛韦。彭斯有待人风趣、友好的好名声。但是，他诞生在一个负债累累的贫困家庭，而且从来没有挣到过很多钱。人们说彭斯的第一位恋人内莉·柯克帕特里克鼓舞他创作诗歌。他最受欢迎的诗歌中的两首《致小鼠》和《圣集》都消灭在他的第一本诗集中。在他的第一本诗集出版后，他有名全国。然后，他搬到了既是苏格兰首府又是苏格兰最大城市的爱丁堡。彭斯是当时出名的诗人，但他并没有比以前更富有，不得不靠做农活维持生计。艰辛的生活和虚弱的体质缩短了彭斯的生命。他于1796年去世，享年37岁。整个苏格兰都哀悼他的逝世，随后很多人捐款资助他的妻子和孩子们。在苏格兰格拉斯哥的乔治广场有一尊彭斯的塑像。这座纪念彭斯的塑像于1877年首次对公众展出，那一天被定为假日，约有三万人出来观看。由此可见苏格兰人民多么崇敬他。位于阿洛韦彭斯诞生的房子，现在是呈现他生平和作品的纪念馆。彭斯属于被称为浪漫主义诗人(包括约翰·济慈和威廉·华兹华斯)的群体。浪漫主义运动或许始于1780年，持续至1830年左右。这一时期的诗歌通常关注自由、秀丽等概念，往往运用想象触及猛烈的情感。浪漫主义诗人对自然有深厚的爱好，经常以自然作为他们诗歌的主题。这可能就是为什么彭斯在他的有名诗歌《一朵红红的玫瑰》里描写了玫瑰。他用当时苏格兰人民口语的形式写作诗歌，这也解释了为什么这首诗的拼写看起来相当惊异。留意“love”拼成了“luve”，“well”拼成了“weel”，“go”拼成了“gang”。这首诗发表于1794年，犹如彭斯的很多诗歌一样，这首诗原是为歌咏而作。彭斯将这首诗分为四节，每节四行。诗歌中的节就像文章里的段落。每一节的其次行和第四行押韵。诗歌经常布满象征，《一朵红红的玫瑰》也不例外。在“啊，我的爱人像一朵红红的玫瑰”这一行中，他把他所爱的姑娘比作一朵红玫瑰。他继而又将他的爱人比作一首歌曲，“啊，我的爱人像一首乐曲/演奏得甜蜜而合拍”。彭斯在第三节里提到了“生命的流沙”，他这是在立下誓言，只要生命不停留，他的爱就永久不会褪去。诗歌最终一节中的“Faretheeweel”意思是“别了”或“再见”。虽然他是在向他的爱人说再见，但他许诺肯定会再来看她，即使他要远行万里。1．(教材P14)Burnshadareputationforbeingfunnyandpleasanttobearound.彭斯由于他的风趣和简洁相处而名声在外。reputationn．名誉，名声haveareputationfor...由于……而有名，以……而出名haveagood/badreputation名誉好/坏earn/gain/establishareputation树立名誉liveuptoone'sreputation不负盛名ruinone'sreputation败坏某人的名誉①Thisstorehas_a_good_reputationforfairdealing.这家商店因公正交易而获得了好名声。②TheplayingoftheherointheTVseriesofNirvanainFireearned_a_reputationforHuGe.电视剧《琅琊榜》中男主角的扮演为胡歌赢得了声誉。③Hereallylives_up_to_his_reputationas“awalkingdictionary”．他真是名副其实的“活字典”。2．(教材P14)However,hecamefromapoorfamilywithmanydebts,anddidnotevermakealotofmoney.然而，他诞生在一个负债累累的贫困家庭，而且从来没有挣到过很多钱。debtn．债务，欠款beindebttosb.欠某人钱be/keepoutofdebt不欠债payoffdebt还清债务①Idon'tlikebeingindebttoanyone.我不宠爱欠任何人钱。②It'snoteasytokeep_out_of_debtwhenpricesarerisingsofast.物价上涨得这么快，要想不负债是不简洁的。③Ittookthemtenyearstopay_off_debtfortheirhouse.他们花了十年时间才还清房债。3．(教材P14)Burnsbelongedtoagroupofpoets(includingJohnKeatsandWilliamWordsworth)calledtheRomanticpoets.彭斯属于一个被称为“浪漫主义诗人”的诗人团体(包括约翰·济慈和威廉·华兹华斯)。belongto属于，是……的成员①Thebookwitharedcoverbelongstome.这本红皮书是我的。②Thelandbelongslegallytothegovernment.该地依法属政府全部。③Idon'tknowwheretheseplantsbelonging_todifferentspeciescomefrom.我不知道这些属于不同种类的植物出自哪里。[名师点津]belongto不能用于进行时态，也不能用于被动语态中。4．(教材P14)FromthiswecanseehowmuchtheScottishpeopleadoredBurns.由此，我们可以看出苏格兰人是多么的崇拜彭斯。adorevt.宠爱，宠爱，宠爱；崇拜①Peopleadorehimforhisnoblecharacter.人们因他的贵重人格而崇拜他。adoredoingsth.宠爱做某事adoringadj.宠爱的；敬慕的；宠爱的②Althoughsheisold,shestilladoresworking(work)forchildren.尽管年事已高，但她仍宠爱儿童事业。③Shelookedathimwithadoring(adore)eyes,whichmadehimhappy.她用崇拜的目光看着他，这使他很兴奋。[联想发散]表示“宠爱，宠爱”的词语还有哪些？like,_love,_be_fond_of,_have_affection_for,_be_devoted_to5．(教材P14)Thepoetryofthisperiodoftenfocusesonconceptslikefreedomandbeauty,andtendstouseimaginationandtouchonstrongfeelings.这个时期的诗歌通常关注比如像自由和美这样的概念，并且倾向于使用想象，并涉及猛烈的情感。focuson(upon)集中(留意力、精力等)于；聚集于；使(眼睛)凝视①Thenoisemadeithardformetofocusonwork.噪音让我无法集中留意力工作。focusone'seyes/attention/mindon把目光/留意力/精力集中到……上bringsth.intofocus使某物清楚、明确或在焦点上be/gooutoffocus模糊，不清楚，不在焦点上②Focus_your_attention_on_her,_andkeeplisteninguntilyoutrulyunderstand.把留意力集中到她身上，始终到你听懂为止。③Youmustbringtheobjectinto_focusifyouwantagoodphotograph.假如你想拍出好的照片，你必需把被拍摄物置于焦点上。④Forme,yourexplanationisabitout_of_focus.对我来说，你的解释还不太清楚。[联想发散]表示“集中(留意力、精力)”的短语还有哪些？①concentrate/fix/centeron②concentrate/fixone'sattentionon③putone'sheartinto6．(教材P14)Thepoemwaspublishedin1794and,likemanyofBurns'spoems,itwasintendedtobeasong.这首诗是在1794年出版的，像彭斯的很多诗一样，这首诗原来是作为一首歌的。intendvt.&vi.打算，方案，想要(1)intenddoing/todosth.打算做某事intendsb.todosth.打算让某人做某事beintendedtobe/dosth.目的是作为某物/目的是做某事beintendedfor/todo...专为……而设计的/为做……打算(或设计)的(2)intentionn.意图，打算，方案have(no)intentionofdoingsth.(不)打算做某事①Thebossintendedhissecretaryto_attend(attend)themeeting.老板打算让秘书出席这次会议。②Hetoldmethatthecoursewas_intended(intend)tohelpthebeginners.他告知我说这门课程是为挂念初学者而设计的。③Thismoneyis_intended_forthedevelopmentofthetouristindustry.这笔钱预备用于旅游业的开发。④Ihave_no_intention_ofcomingtothisterribleplaceagain!我再也不想到这个糟糕的地方来了。[名师点津]hadintendedthat.../todo和intendedtohavedone表示“原来打算干某事，但实际上未做成”。类似用法的词还有hope,mean,wish,want,expect等。⑤Iintendedtohaveinvitedhim,butIforgottodoso.＝Ihadintendedtoinvitehim,butIforgottodoso.我本想/本打算邀请他的，可是我遗忘了。7．(教材P14)Burnsdividedthispoemintofourshortsectionsconsistingoffourlineseach.彭斯将这首诗分为四个小节，每节由四行组成。consistof由……构成；由……组成①Aseveryoneknows,waterconsistsofoxygenandhydrogen.人人都知道，水由氢气和氧气合成。[名师点津]consistof不用被动语态及进行时。consistin在于，存在于consistwith相符，全都②Truewealthdoesn'tconsist_inwhatweare.真实的财宝不在于我们是做什么的。③Hisconclusionsdonotconsist_withthefacts.他的结论与事实不符。[联想发散]表示“由……组成/构成”的短语还有哪些？①bemadeupof②becomposedof8．ThisisprobablywhyBurnstalkedaboutaroseinhisfamouspoem,‘ARed,RedRose’.这可能就是彭斯在他有名的诗歌《一朵红红的玫瑰》里评论玫瑰的缘由。(1)本句为“This/Thatiswhy...”句型，意为“这/那就是……的缘由”，其中why引导的是表语从句。该句型通常用来对前面已经说明过的缘由进行总结。①Shedoesn'tfeelwell;thisiswhyshewouldn'tliketogoouttoday.她觉得不舒适，这就是她今日不想出去的缘由。②Itisawasteofmoney.That_is_whyIamnotinfavouroftheplan.我不赞成这个方案的理由是由于铺张金钱。(2)其他相关句型(1)That/Thisisbecause...“那/这是由于……”(that/this表示结果，because引导表语从句，从句表示缘由)(2)Thereasonwhy(＝forwhich)...isthat...“……的缘由是……”(why引导定语从句，并在从句中作状语，that引导表语从句，不行换成because)③Hewaslateforclass.Thatwasbecausehegotuplate.＝The_reason_why/for_whichhewaslatewasthathegotuplate.他迟到的缘由是他起床晚了。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Shedevotedherselfentirelytoherresearchanditearnedheragoodreputationinherfield.2．Sometravelersarestilltrappedintheheavysnow,thoughsomearereportedto_have_been_rescued(rescue)bythepolice.3．Parentsmaynotunderstandwhattheirchildrenhavedone,becausetheybelongtoayoungergeneration.4．AlltheChinesepeopleareexpectingthegovernment'sfourthousandbillionfinancialplantobecarriedoutaroundthecountry,intendedto_improve(improve)thecurrenteconomicsituation.5．Theywerestillindebttotheirfriendsaftertheirparents'longillness.6．InmanyAmericanuniversities,thetotalworkforadegreeconsistsofthirty­sixcourses,eachlastingforonesemester.7．Hewasseriouslyill.That'swhyhedidn'tappearattheparty.8．Rosehad_intended(intend)tohelpmewithmyEnglishpronunciation,butsomethingunexpectedstoppedher.Ⅱ.完成句子1．他在这里住了十年，那便是他如此宠爱这个地方的缘由。Helivedherefortenyears.That_is_whyhelikestheplacesomuch.2．这座正在建设的房子是打算用作餐厅的。Thehousebeingbuiltnowis_intended_for/to_beadinninghall.3．我们的产品因设计独特和质量牢靠，拥有很好的声誉。Ourproductshave_a_good_reputation_foritsuniquedesignandhighquality.4．他虽然是老师，但也不行能什么都懂。Teacher_though/asheis,hecan'tknoweverything.5．威尼斯的美很大程度上在于它那古代建筑的风格。ThebeautyofVeniceconsistslargelyinthestyleofitsancientbuildings.6．儿童游乐场如雨后春笋般地在这个地方四处消灭。Playareasforchildrenarespringing_upallovertheplace.Ⅲ.语境翻译今年我们公司负债(indebt)了。那是由于与去年相比(comparedto)，产品质量差了，销售量下降了。所以我们的名誉就不好(haveabadreputation)。我们公司有3000人(consistof)，假如连续这样，我们公司会倒闭。我期望我们公司的每个成员(belongto)都尽力努力工作，提高产品质量，目的(beintendedto)是扭转这种局面。我向你们许诺(makeapromise)假如产品质量提高了，我给你们加工资。Ourcompanyisindebtthisyear.Thatisbecausetheproductsareofbadqualitycomparedtolastyearandthesalesaregoingdown.Sowehaveabadreputation.Ourcompanyconsistsof3,000people.Ifthiscontinues,ourcompanywillbeclosed.Ihopeeverymemberbelongingtothecompanyshouldtryyourbesttoworkhardtoimprovethequalityofproducts,intendedtoturnthetide.Imakeapromisetoyouthatifthequalityisimproved,Iwillraiseyourpay.[对应同学课下力量提升(四)]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Thismedicalteamconsistsoffivedoctorsandtennurses.2．LikePremierWen,PremierLialsogainsagoodreputationamongChineseforhislearnedknowledgeandgreatcareforordinarypeople.3．Deepindebt,hehadtocutdowntheexpenseonhisnewflat.4．Tomadoresreading(read)classicnovelsanddreamsofbeingawriter.5．I'msorrytotellyouthatyou'renotsingingintune.6．Histalkdidnottouchonthehousingproblem,whichwewerepayingattentionto.Ⅱ.句型转换1．Hedidnotseethefilmlastnightbecausehehadtohelphislittlesisterwithherhomework.→Hedidnotseethefilmlastnight.Thatisbecausehehadtohelphislittlesisterwithherhomework.2．Hehadseenthefilmbefore,sohedidnotgotoseeitlastnight.→Hehadseenthefilmbefore.Thatiswhyhedidnotgotoseeitlastnight.Ⅲ.完成句子1．在伦敦的时候，我们参观了为纪念弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔护士而建立的医院。WhileinLondon,wepaidavisittothehospitalfoundedin_honour_of_the_nurseFlorenceNightingale.2．我们这个队由十一名同学组成，其中有五个是男孩。Ourteamconsists_of_eleven_students,_fiveofwhomareboys.3．假如你集中精力于你所学的东西，你会成功的。If_you_focus_your_attention_onwhatyouarelearning,youwillsucceed.4．尽管演讲者在报告过程中涉及了其他几个问题，但大都切合主题。Thespeakertouched_on_several_other_subjectsinthecourseofhistalkbutmostlykepthimselftothemaintopic.Ⅳ.完形填空TheMonaLisaisthemostfamousworkofLeonardodaVinci.Theportraitfullofmysteryandsecretsis__1__ona77×53cm­largepolarwood.Leonardo__2__toworkatthispaintingin1503.ItissaidthatoneofthenoblestcitizensofFlorence__3__thepaintingfromLeonardo.__4__LeonardoleftFlorencein1507,hedidnotsellittothenobleman.__5__，hekeptitforhimself.SeveralbelievethatLeonardodidnot__6__thepaintingbecausehedidnotfinishthework,__7__othersbelievethatLeonardolovedthepaintingtoomuch.LeonardodaVinci__8__withthepaintinginFrancein1516.HesoldthepaintingtotheKingofFrance,who__9__itforthecastleinAmboise.AftertheFrenchRevolutionthepaintinggotanew__10__intheLouvre.However,Napoleontookitawayfromthereand__11__itupinhisbedroom.WhenNapoleonwasbanished(流放),theMonaLisa__12__intothegreatLouvreagain.__13__August21,1911theMonaLisawasstolen.Inthis__14__thetwocolumns,oneontheleftandtheotherontherightside,hadbeencut.Sotodaythepaintingis__15__thanthe__16__one.It'salsothereasonwhyitisnoteasytorecognisethatMonaLisaissittingonaterrace(露台)．Twoyearslater,itturned__17__inFlorence.AftersomeexhibitionstheMonaLisareturnedagaintoParis.Anacid(酸)attempt__18__thelowerhalfofthepaintingin1956.Therestorationtookseveralyears.Inthe1960'sand1970'stheMonaLisawas__19__inNewYork,TokyoandMoscow.Todaythepaintingis__20__bullet­proof(防弹的)glassintheLouvreinParis.1．A.paintedB．madeC．carvedD．sculptured解析：选A本文叙述的是名画《蒙娜·丽莎》的历史。第一段告知我们这幅画是画在什么材料上的，所以选择painted。2．A.managedB．triedC．startedD．intended解析：选C其次段叙述这幅画的起源，所以是从达·芬奇开头创作该作品讲起。3．A.boughtB．orderedC．sawD．stole解析：选B从本段可以看出达·芬奇画这幅画的缘由是有人向他订购了一幅画，所以选择ordered。4．A.WhileB．DuringC．WhenD．Since解析：选C从下文可知，在达·芬奇离开佛罗伦萨的时候并没有把这幅画交给订购的人。表示“在……的时候”，只能选择when。5．A.ThenB．ButC．InsteadD．Finally解析：选C达·芬奇没有把这幅画交给订购的人，而是自己保存了起来，所以用instead。6．A.handoutB．handupC．handoverD．handdown解析：选C从本段看出人们推想达·芬奇当时没有把画交给订购者的缘由有两种可能。handover意为“把……交给”。7．A.andB．soC．thoughD．but解析：选D从上文看出，有人认为达·芬奇没有交画的缘由是由于没完成，而另外一些人认为是达·芬奇太爱这幅画了。这两句之间是转折关系，所以选择but。8．A.reachedB．arrivedC．dealtD．did解析：选B下文说达·芬奇把画卖给了法国国王，所以此处是说他带着画到达了法国。9．A.boughtB．gotC．tookD．robbed解析：选A上文说达·芬奇把画卖给了法国国王，所以国王应当是买了这幅画。10．A.siteB．homeC．cupboardD．desk解析：选B本句说明的是这幅画接下来的归属是到了卢浮宫，也就是在卢浮宫找到了一个新家。11．A.putB．heldC．hungD．picked解析：选C后来拿破仑拿走了这幅画，把它挂在了自己的卧房里。12．A.wentB．cameC．leftD．returned解析：选D拿破仑被流放后，这幅画又回到了卢浮宫。13．A.OnB．InC．AsD．At解析：选A表示具体在哪一天，要用介词on。14．A.thingB．affairC．matterD．business解析：选C上文说这幅画被偷了，所以是一件麻烦事，用matter表示。15．A.biggerB．smallerC．longerD．shorter解析：选B上文说“...thetwocolumns...hadbeencut”，所以这幅画是变小了。16．A.originalB．olderC．previousD．latter解析：选A这幅画变小应当是与原来相比，所以用original表示“原来的”，也就是转变前的。17．A.outB．inC．overD．up解析：选D两年后这幅画又消灭在佛罗伦萨。18．A.ruinedB．killedC．injuredD．damaged解析：选D这幅画又被硫酸破坏。damage意为“部分损坏”；ruin意为“完全毁坏，不行修复”。19．A.exhibitedB．brokenC．seenD．noticed解析：选A从本段看出这幅画在20世纪60和70年月在各地展出，所以选择exhibited。20．A.afterB．beforeC．beyondD．behind解析：选D为了爱护这幅画，人们把它放在防弹玻璃后面。Ⅴ.阅读理解ThecityofFlorenceeats,sleepsandbreathesart.Examplesofman'sartisticgeniusstandonnearlyeverystreet.Dozensofmuseumsandartshopswaittobeexplored.Florence,Italy,isanartlover'sparadise.DuringtheRenaissance,Florencewasaparadiseforartiststhemselves.Infact,theRenaissancebeganheremorethan500yearsago.Beforethistime,artfocusedcompletelyonreligioussubjects.Renaissanceartbegantoincludemorevariety.Artistspaintedpicturesofordinarypeople.TheypaintedscenesfromhistoryandcharactersfromGreekandRomanmyths.MichelangelowasthegreatestofFlorence'sartists.VisitorslineupforhoursattheAccademiaMuseumforalookathisimpressiveDavid.This140­foot­highstatue(雕像)hasbecometheidealhumanfigureoftheRenaissance.DavidisanexampleofMichelangelo'stalentforsculptingpeoplesimply,yetpowerfully.MoreofMichelangelo'sworkscanbeseeninthegreatPalazzoVecchio.PaintingsandcarvingsoffamousItalianartistsfillthepalacerooms.TogetafeelofmodernFlorence,jointheeveningpromenade(闲逛     )．ThistraditionalfeatureofItalianlifebeginsaround6：00p．m.wheneveryonegetsoffwork.PeoplestrolldownthestreetsofcentralFlorencetodolastminuteshoppingorjustchatwithfriends.BesuretostrollpastPercheNoi,homeoftheoldestandbesticecreaminthecity.