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英语(全国乙卷A卷)-学易金卷:2023年高考第二模拟考试
卷
全解全析
第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话,每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最
佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关
小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.Whatdoesthemanoffertodo?
A.Payforthebill.B.Dothecooking.C.Getsomethingtoeat.
【答案】C
【原文】M:OK.It'salmostoneo'clock.I'mgoingouttogetasandwich.Ican
getonefbryoutooifyoulike.
W:That'sverykindofyou.Couldyougetmeahamandcheese?
M:OK.
W:Thanks.WaitaminuteandI'llgiveyouthemoney.
2.Whydoesn'tthemanwanttogotothebeach?
A.Hehateshotweather.
B.Hehasnointerestinthebeach.
C.Heiswaitingforthefootballmatch.
【答案】B
【原文】W:TheweatherforecastsaysitwillbesunnyandhotthisSaturday.How
aboutgoingtothebeach?
M:Sorry.Thebeachneverappealstome.Ipreferstayingathomeandwatching
thefootballallday.
3.Whatdoesthewomanmean?
A.Themanisannoying.
B.Herhomeworkistoohard.
C.Themanisabsent-minded.
【答案】A
【原文】M:Whatareyouthinkingrightnow,Lucy?
W:Can'tyousee?I'mthinkingthatifyouwerequiet,Icouldgetmyhomework
done.Butitisdifficultformetoconcentrateonitsinceyouarealwaystalking.
4.Howdidthewomanknowtheplace?
A.OntheInternet.B.Onherwaytowork.C.Fromhercolleague.
【答案】C
[原文]M:Didyoureadaboutusonline?
W:No.IworkonAlbertStreet,notfaraway.
M:Soyousawoursign?
W:ActuallyIdidn'tnoticeituntilthisevening.Awomanatworkcomeshereand
swimseverylunchtime.SoI'mhopingtojoinher.
5.Whomighthavemadethereservation?
A.David.B.Mary.C.Burton.
【答案】B
【原文】M:Hello.ThisisDavidMaynard.Fmcallingtoconfirmmyreservation
fortonight.
W:Fmsorry,Mr.Maynard,butIdon'thavearoomreservedhereinyourname.
M:Oh,mysecretaryMarymighthaveusedthecompanyname.Isthereanything
forBurtonElectronics?
W:Oh,yes.
二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白,每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、
C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,
你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,每小题将给出5秒钟的
作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6至7题。
6.Whatdoesthemanlikeabouthishometown?
A.It'sreallyverybig.
B.Ithascolorfulnightlife.
C.It'snotexpensivetolivethere
7.Whatistheweatherlikeinthefallintheman'shometown?
A.Cold.B.Sunny.C.Wet.
【答案】6.B7.B
【原文】W:WhereinCanadaareyoufrom,Ken?
M:I'mfromToronto.
W:Oh,Tveneverbeenthere.What'sitlike?
M:It'sabigcity,butit'snottoobig.Thenightlifeiscolorful.Ienjoyit.
W:Isitexpensivethere?
M:Yeah,alittlebit.
W:Andwhat'stheweatherlikeinToronto?
M:Well,it'sprettycoldinthewinter,andveryhotandwetinthesummer.It's
niceinthespringandfall,though.Youcanalwaysseetheclearskythen.
听第7段材料,回答第8至9题。
8.Whenwilltheplanetakeoff?
A.At4:50.B.At6:30.C.At7:30.
9.Howwillthespeakersgototheairport?
A.Bytaxi.B.Byunderground.C.Bybus.
【答案】8.C9.A
【原文】W:Shallwetakeataxitotheairport?
M:Uh...ifwegotherebytaxiitmightbequiteexpensive.Westillhavealotof
time.Let'susetheunderground.
W:Butitwilltakeatleast15minutestogototheundergroundstationbybus.
Andthereisonlyanhourleft.Wewillbelatefbrtheplane
M:Whattimeisyourwatchnow?
W:Itisalreadysixthirty.
M:Why?Mywatchisonlytentofive.Oh,itmighthavestoppedlastnight.
W:Itseemsthatthetaxiisthewisechoiceforusnow.
M:Now,hurryup,orwe'llmisstheplane.
听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。
10.Whereistheman?
A.Atatheater.B.Atahotel.C.Atasnackbar.
11.Whatwillthemanprobablydoat6:00p.m.tomorrow?
A.Spendhis20thbirthday.
B.Attendaweddingceremony.
C.Celebratetheirweddinganniversary.
12.Howmuchshouldthemanpay?
A.$100.B.$200.C.$300.
【答案】10.B11.C12.C
【原文】W:Goodmorning.MovieCenter.HowmayIhelpyou?
M:Goodmorning.ThisisVinsonfromRoom808.Tdliketoknowsomething
aboutyourtheater.
W:Verywell,Mr.Vinson.Wehavethreetheaters-onepublictheater,andtwo
privatetheatersfbrfivepeopleandtwopeoplerespectively.
M:Emm...howdoyouchargefortheprivateone?
W:Thechargeforprivatetheateris$50perhourperperson.Drinksandsnacks
areextra.
M:Verywell.Tdliketoreservetheonefbrtwopeoplefrom6:00to9:00
tomonowevening.Tomorrowisthe20thanniversaryofourmarriage.Wewanta
celebration.
W:Whatexcitingnews!Congratulations,Mr.Vinson!
M:Thankyouverymuch.
听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。
13.WhatencouragedthemanandhiswifetogototheAntarctic?
A.Anarticle.B.ATVprogram.C.Atrainingcourse.
14.Whatwastheworstdangeraccordingtotheman?
A.Livinginextremeclimate.
B.Fallingintoiceholes.
C.Comingacrossaterriblewind.
15.Whatcausedthefunnynoise?
A.Theequipment.B.Thewind.C.Theplane.
16.Whatwasasurpriseforthemanandhiswife?
A.Theygotsomefreshfood.
B.TheycouldleavetheAntarcticearlier.
C.Someonewaslivingouttherenearthem.
【答案】13.A14.B15.C16.A
[原文】W:Goodevening,NickRobertson.Youandyourwifespentthewholeof
lastyearintheAntarctic.Whatgaveyoutheideaofdoingsuchathing?
M:Isawanarticleinamagazineaboutsomecoupleswhohadbeenthere.Both
ofusgotinterested.
W:Weren'tyouscared?
M:Abit,butbeforeweleftwehadatrainingcourse.Itwastoughbuttaughtus
aboutsurvivinginsub-zeroconditions.Theworstdangerwediscoveredwas
fallingintoholesinice.
W:Couldyougetintouchwiththeoutsideworldthere?
M:Therewassatellitecommunicationequipment.
W:Sodidn'tyouseeanyoneelsefbrawholeyear?
M:Well,therewasthattimewhenwewerehavingtheusualcannedfoodand
therewasafunnynoise.Jillthoughtitwasthewindbutitwasgettingcloser.
Suddenlytheroomwasfloodedwithlightfromthewindow.Iopenedthedoor
andfoundaboxinthesnow.Ilookedupandsawaplaneflyingaway.Theywere
passingnearbyandsomeonetoldthemthatwewereoutthere.Theydroppedusa
boxwithsomefreshfruitandvegetables.Itwasalovelysuiprise.
听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。
17.Whatisthepurposeofsettinguptheproject?
A.Tohelpstudentsbereadyforreallife.
B.Toteachstudentstowriteapplicationletters.
C.lbletstudentsknowaboutsometypicaljobs.
18.Whatistheheadmasterexpectedtodo?
A.Recommendjobstostudents.
B.Asktheteachertoexplaintheproject.
C.Announcethenewsoftheprojectclearly.
19.Whowillhelpstudentstowriteapplicationletters?
A.Theheadmaster.
B.Ateacher.
C.Amemberofthecommittee.
20.Whatisthelaststepofdoingtheproject?
A.Gatherstudents9opinions.
B.Makealistofsuitablejobs.
C.Askstudentstotakeonresponsibility.
【答案】17.A18.C19.B20.A
[原文]W:WelcometoStudentLife!Todaywe'regoingtotalkaboutsetting
upaprojectofstudentjobsinyourschool.Havingstudentsdodifferentjobs
aroundtheschoolisagreatwaytopreparethemforlifeintherealworld.It
encouragesthemtoberesponsibleandalsohelpsthemlearnnewtasksandgain
experience.However,it'simportanttogetstudentsexcitedabouttheproject,so
thefirstthingyoushoulddoisletstudentsknowthisproject.Gettheheadmaster
tomakeanannouncementexplainingtheproject.OK?Thendecideonthejobs
youwantandwriteoutthedescriptionsoftheskillsandresponsibilitiesneeded
foreachposition.SometypicaljobsareClassroomAssistants.RecyclingOfficers
andComputerAssistants.Next,askstudentstoapplyforthejobs.Studentsshould
beencouragedtowritelettersofapplicationfbrthejobtheyareinterestedin.This
isagreatwaytopracticeletterwritingskills!Anddon'tforget,youshouldmake
surethatstudentsareguidedbyateachersothattheytaketheirresponsibilities
seriously.Acommitteethenreviewsalltheapplicationsandgivesjobstothemost
suitableapplicants.Finally,it'simportanttogetopinionsfromthestudentsabout
theproject,tofindoutwhichjobsaresuccessfulandwhichdon'tgosowell.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
DiscoverallthegreatSydneyattractions.You'Hfindmanymemorablethings
todoandfascinatingmuseumstovisitinSydney,Australia.
AustralianMuseum
TheAustralianMuseum(AM)wasfoundedin1827andiswell-knownasthe
nation'sfirstmuseum.TheAMhasbeentransformedandvisitorscannowenjoy
transformedspacesandupdatedfacilities.Freegeneraladmissionincludesentry
toallpermanentexhibitionsandPrehistoricPlayground,whichisopendailyon
Level2andfeaturesavarietyofactivitiesforchildrenofallagesincludinga
fossillabandinteractivedinosaurdesignstation.
ArtGalleryofNewSouthWales
ExplorefivelevelsofartatoneofAustralia'smostpopularartmuseums,
locatedwithinbeautifulparklandsoverlookingSydneyHarbour,just10minutes9
walkfromthecity.
SeeanextensivecollectionofAustralianart,includingoneofthelargest
galleriesofaboriginal(土著的)artinthecountry,alongsideAsiantreasuresand
leadinglocalandinternationalcontemporaryart.
MuseumofContemporaryArtAustralia-MCA
TheMuseumofContemporaryArtAustraliaisAustralia'sleadingmuseum
dedicatedtoexhibiting,inteipretingandcollectingcontemporaryartfromacross
Australia.
LocatedatCircularQuay,theMCAishousedintheformerMaritime
Servicesbuilding,afineexampleoflateArtDecoarchitecture.
AustralianNationalMaritimeMuseum
LocatedatthewaterfrontofDarlingHarbour,theMaritimeMuseumisan
indoor/outdoorattractionandgreatentertainmentfbrthewholefamily.The
museumhasoneofthelargestandmostdiversein-waterfleets(舰队)inthe
world.Themuseumhostssixpermanentgalleries,anever-changingprogramof
temporaryexhibitions,anda3Dcinema,ensuringthatthereissomethingfbr
everyone.
21.WhatisAustralianMuseumfamousfor?
A.Thelowestprice.B.Contemporaryart.
C.Outdoorattractions.D.Thelongesthistory.
22.WhereshouldyougoifyouwanttoappreciatetreasuresfromAsia?
A.AustralianMuseum.
B.ArtGalleryofNewSouthWales.
C.AustralianNationalMaritimeMuseum.
D.MuseumofContemporaryArtAustralia一MCA.
23.WhichofthefollowingcanbeseeninAustralianNationalMaritimeMuseum?
A.A3Dcinema.B.Adesignstation.
C.Localcontemporaryart.D.LateArtDecoarchitecture.
【答案】21.D22.B23.A
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了澳大利亚悉尼的几个博物馆景点。
21.细节理解题。根据AustralianMuseum下列段落中“TheAustralianMuseum
(AM)wasfoundedin1827andiswell-knownasthenation'sfirstmuseum.(澳大
利亚博物馆(AM)成立于1827年,是澳大利亚第一个博物馆厂可知,澳大
利亚博物馆以历史最长而闻名。故选D项。
22.细节理解题。根据ArtGalleryofNewSouthWales下列第二段“Seean
extensivecollectionofAustralianart,includingoneofthelargestgalleriesof
aboriginal(土著的)artinthecountry,alongsideAsiantreasuresandleadinglocal
andinternationalcontemporaryart.(这里收藏了大量的澳大利亚艺术,包括该
国最大的土著艺术画廊之一,以及亚洲珍宝和领先的本地和国际当代艺术)”
可知,如果你想欣赏来自亚洲的珍宝,应该去新南威尔士州美术馆。故选B
项。
23.细节理解题。根据AustralianNationalMaritimeMuseum下列段落中
“Themuseumhostssixpermanentgalleries,anever-changingprogramof
temporaryexhibitions,anda3Dcinema,ensuringthatthereissomethingfbr
everyone.(博物馆有六个永久画廊,一个不断变化的临时展览项目,和一个
3D电影院,确保每个人都有所收获)”可知,在澳大利亚国家海事博物馆可以
看到3D电影院。故选A项。
B
MaxWoosey,an11-year-oldfromtheUnitedKingdom,hasspenthistime
duringCOVID-19doingsomethingprettymeaningful.Hesleptinatentfbrover
500nightsinarow.Andhedidthisnotonlybecausehelovestheoutdoorsbutin
servicetoothers.
Max'sfatherisaRoyalMarine(皇家海军陆战队员),sohehascourageand
lovefbroutdooractivitiesinhisblood.Max'sfamilywaslookingaftertheir
neighbor,Rick,whowasdyingofcancer.BeforeRickpassedawayhegaveMax
atentandhadhimpromisetohaveanadventure.
So,afterRickdied,Maxhadanidea.HedecidedtoraisemoneyforDevon
Hospice(救济院),whichcaredforRickinhisfinaldays.Whenthefirst
lockdownhappened,Maxhadrealizedthatmuchofthehospice'sfundraising(筹
资)alsocametoastop.Butoutsidethehospice,anumberofpeoplewerewaiting
forhelp.SoMaxsetagoaltoraise100poundsbycampingoutinhisfront
garden.
OnMarch29th,2020,Maxstartedhiscampingadventurein,Rick'stent.As
hepassedhundredsofdayscampingout,heattractednationalattentionfromthe
mediaandeventhePrimeMinister,wholaterpaidhimavisit.Morepeoplehave
donatedtoDevonHospice.
Now,500dayslater,heisstillcamping!Throughstorms,rain,highwinds
andcold,hestucktoit.ThelessonshisdadtaughthimfromtheRoyalMarines,
tonevergiveup,showkindness,honestyandtryhardhelpedsupporthimin
toughtimes.
Inall,Maxhasraisedmorethan750000poundsforDevonHospice!This
madeupforabouthalfofthedonationstheyhadlostfortheyear!Maxeven
organizedahugecampathisschoolplaygroundtoshowpeoplewhatchildrencan
achieveiftheyallworktogether.
24.WhatmadeMaxdecidetoraisemoneyforDevonHospice?
A.Govemmenfsrequirement.B.Hisfather^influence.
C.Rick'sdeath.D.DevonHospice'sinstruction.
25.WhichofthefollowingisMax'sachievement?
A.ArousingmorepublicconcernforDevonHospice.
B.BeingawardedamedalbythePrimeMinister.
C.ImprovingthereputationofDevonHospice.
D.Startingaworldwidecampingactivity.
26.WhatcanweinferaboutDevonHospice?
A.Itusedtoraiseabout1.5millionpoundsayear.
B.ItreceivedmoredonationsduringCOVID-19.
C.Itwasspeciallybuiltforcancersufferers.
D.IthelpedMaxgothroughdifficultcampingtimes.
27.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeMax?
A.Activeandeasy-going.B.Kindandstrong-minded.
C.Humorousandconsiderate.D.Cleverandaggressive.
【答案】24.C25.A26.A27.B
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了一个男孩Max为一家救济院筹钱的
故事。
24.细节理解题。由第三段“So,afterRickdied.Maxhadanidea.Hedecidedto
raisemoneyforDevonHospice(救济院),whichcaredforRickinhisfinal
days."(所以,在瑞克死后,麦克斯有了一个主意。他决定为德文临终关怀
机构筹集资金,该机构在瑞克的最后几天照顾着他。)可知,Rick的死去使
他开始筹钱。故选C项。
25.细节理解题。由第四段“Ashepassedhundredsofdayscampingout,he
attractednationalattentionfromthemediaandeventhePrimeMinister,wholater
paidhimavisit.”(他在户外露营了数百天,引起了全国媒体甚至总理的关注,
总理后来也拜访了他。)可知,Max的做法赢得了大家对DevonHospice的关
注。故选A项。
26.推理判断题。由尾段‘理all,Maxhasraisedmorethan750000poundsfor
DevonHospice!Thismadeupforabouthalfofthedonationstheyhadlostfbrthe
year!”(总之,Max为DevonHospice筹集了超过750000英镑!这弥补了
他们一年中损失的捐款的一半左右!)可知,DevonHospice半年筹钱75万,
一年筹钱150万。故选A项。
27.推理判断题。由第五段“Now,500dayslater,heisstillcamping!Through
storms,rain,highwindsandcold,hestucktoit."(现在,500天过去了,他还
在露营!经历了暴风雨、大风和寒冷,他坚持了下来。)可知,Max为Devon
Hospice筹钱,所以他很善良,他无论风霜雨雪都在筹钱,所以他很坚持。
故选B项。
C
Weneedavarieddiet,andonewaytodothisisbyeatingallthecolorsofthe
rainbow.TheproofmaybeintheMediterraneandiet,whichcontainsalotoffruit,
vegetablesandhealthyfats."EatingatraditionalMediterraneandietmeansyou
consumedifferentnutrientsandphytonutrients,saysFrancescoSofiofthe
UniversityofFlorence.Phytonutrientsaresmallchemicalcompoundsproduced
byplantsthathelpusdigestlargernutrients.
Really,headds,thecolorsoftheMediterraneandietarenodifferenttoother
vegetable-baseddiets.There9rethusotherreasonswhyitisamongthehealthiest.
Forexample,Mediterraneanpopulationstraditionallyboil,ratherthanfry,their
vegetables,whichpreservesnutrients,Sofisays.
Thehealthbenefitsofadietrichinfruitandvegetablesonourbrainand
heartareamongthemostconsistentfindingswithinnutritionscience,says
DeannaMinichoftheUniversityofWesternStatesinPortland,Oregon.Plant
foodscontainthousandsofphytonutrients.
AccordingtoTian-shinYehofHarvardT.H.ChanSchoolofPublicHealth,
eatingacolorfuldietcanhelppeopleavoidpossiblesideeffectsofeatingtoo
muchofonefood."Researchhasfoundthatorangejuicecanreducetheriskof
cognitivedecline,buttoomuchintakeisassociatedwithtype2diabetesJshe
says.
Minicharguesthattherainbowdietisn'tlimitedtofruitandvegetables,but
includesothernaturalfoods,suchasherbs,spices,nuts,seeds,andeventea.She
alsoconsiderswhitefoodaspartoftherainbowdiet,includingtofu.Eating
variouscolorscouldmeanweeatmorefruitandvegetablesoverall.
There?reotherwaystogetarangeofnutrientsandphytonutrientsfromyour
diet,researcherssay.Onestudyfoundthatparticipantswhoatebitterandstrong
tastingvegetablesover12weekshadlowerbloodpressureandbloodsugar.It's
alsoimportanttoconsiderwhichpartsoftheplantyou'reeating,saysYeh."The
nutritionalvaluesforcabbageandturniparen'tthatsimilarbecauseoneistheleaf
andtheotheroneistherootpartoftheplant,“shesays.
28.WhatelsemakestheMediterraneandiethealthybesidesitsrichcontent?
A.Itseasyavailability.B.Itsappealingcolors.
C.Itswaysofcooking.D.Itseasilybeingabsorbed.
29.Whafsagoodwaytogetnutrientsandphytonutrientsfromadietbesides
color?
A.Payingattentiontotaste.
B.Eatingallpartsofaplant.
C.Eatingseasonallyandlocally.
D.Combiningdifferentdietseveryday.
30.Howdoestheauthordevelopthetext?
A.Bylistinghealthbenefitsoftherainbowdiet.
B.Byprovidingviewpointsofdifferentexperts.
C.Byexplainingtheprocessesofrelatedstudies.
D.Byintroducingthepopularityoftherainbowdiet.
31.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?
A.Whatcolorfulfoodisthehealthiest?
B.Howshouldweeatcolorfulfoodinlife?
C.Wherecanwegethealthycolorfulfood?
D.Whyiseatingcolorfulfoodgoodforyou?
【答案】28.C29.A30.B31.D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究人员普遍认为,我们需要多样化的饮食,其
中•种方法就是吃多种颜色的彩虹饮食。文章解释了其原因以及三名专家的
观点。
28.细节理解题。根据第二段中“Forexample,Mediterraneanpopulations
traditionallyboil,ratherthanfry,theirvegetables,whichpreservesnutrients,Sofi
says.(例如,地中海居民传统上是煮蔬菜,而不是油炸,这样可以保存营养,
索菲说)“可知,地中海饮食被认为很健康的原因是其烹饪方式:水煮。故选
Co
29.细节理解题。根据最后一•段中“There'reotherwaystogetarangeof
nutrientsandphytonutrientsfromyourdiet,researcherssay.Onestudyfoundthat
participantswhoatebitterandstrongtastingvegetablesover12weekshadlower
bloodpressureandbloodsugar.(研究人员说,还有其他方法可以从你的饮食中
获得一系列营养和植物营养素。一项研究发现,超过12周食用苦味和味道
强烈的蔬菜的参与者有较低的血压和血糖)”可知,人们还可以通过改变食物
口味来丰富饮食中的营养。故选A。
30.推理判断题。根据第一段中“"EatingatraditionalMediterraneandietmeans
youconsumedifferentnutrientsandphytonutrients,saysFrancescoSofiofthe
UniversityofFlorence.(“传统的地中海饮食意味着你摄入不同的营养和植物
营养素,''佛罗伦萨大学的FrancescoSofi说)”;第三段中“Thehealthbenefitsof
adietrichinfruitandvegetablesonourbrainandheartareamongthemost
consistentfindingswithinnutritionscience,saysDeannaMinichoftheUniversity
ofWesternStatesinPortland,Oregon.(富含水果和蔬菜的饮食对我们大脑和心
脏的健康益处是营养科学中最一致的发现之一,俄勒冈州波特兰的西部州立
大学的迪安娜・米尼奇说)”以及第四段中“AccordingtoTian-shinYehof
HarvardT.H.ChanSchoolofPublicHealth,eatingacolorfuldietcanhelp
peopleavoidpossiblesideeffectsofeatingtoomuchofonefood.(哈佛大学公共
卫生学院的Tian-shinYeh表示,丰富多彩的饮食可以帮助人们避免吃过多一
种食物可能产生的副作用户可知,本文为了说明地中海式饮食的健康引用了
三个专家的观点。故选B。
31.主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Weneedavarieddiet,andonewaytodothisis
byeatingallthecolorsoftherainbow.TheproofmaybeintheMediterranean
diet,whichcontainsalotoffruit,vegetablesandhealthyfats.(我们需要多样化的
饮食,其中一个方法就是吃彩虹中所有的颜色。地中海饮食可能就是证明,
它含有大量的水果、蔬菜和健康脂肪)''结合本文主要介绍地中海式饮食为什
么被认为是健康的。故D选项“为什么吃五颜六色的食物对你有好处?”最符
合文章标题。故选D。
D
LadyGaga,ShawnMendes,andKarenElson一thesearejustafewpeople
whohavespokenabouttheirexperiencesofbeingvictimsofbullying(欺凌)at
school,andthepainthatithascausedtheminchildhoodandlaterlife.Recent
researchsuggeststhattheeffectsofchildhoodbullyingcancontinuefordecades,
withlong-lastingchangesthatcanputusatagreaterriskofmentalandphysical
illness.
Undoubtedly,bullyingisaseriousrisktochildren'smentalhealthintheshort
term,withthemostnotableconsequences:anxiety,depressionandsuspicious
thinking.Whilesomeofthesesymptomsmaynaturallydisappearafterthe
bullyingstops,manyvictimscontinuetosufferfromahigherriskofmental
illness.
AccordingtoarecentpaperintheHarvardReviewofPsychiatry,awoman
whohasbeenbulliedasachildis27timesmorelikelytohaveapanicdisorder.
Amongmen,childhoodbullyingresultedina18-foldincreaseinsuicide(自杀).
Bullyingwillalsohaveextendedconsequencesforpeople'ssociallives:many
victimsfindithardertomakefriendsorlivewithalong-termpartnerinlaterlife.
“Kidswho'vebeenbullied,mightinterpretsocialrelationshipsinamore
threateningway,“saysArseneault.Finally,therearetheacademicandeconomic
costs.Bullyingharmspeople'sgrades,whichinturnreducestheirjobprospects.
Arseneaulfsresearchsuggeststhattheresultingstresscaninfluencethebody
fordecades.Analyzingdatafroma50-year-longstudy,shefoundthatfrequent
bullyingbetweentheagesof7and11waslinkedtomarkedlyhigherlevelsof
inflammation(炎症)atage45.Importantly,thelinkremainedevenaftershehad
controlledmanyotherfactors,includingtheirdiet,physicalactivity,andwhether
theysmoked.That'simportant,sincesuchinflammationcanbreakdownthe
immune(免疫)systemandcontributestothewearandtearonourorgansthat
leadstoconditionslikecardiovascular(心、血管的)disease.
Growingupisrarelygoingtobeeasy:childrenandadolescentsarelearning
toadjusttosocialrelationships,whichisalwaysgoingtocomewithhurtand
upset.Butasadults,weshouldtakeourresponsibilitytoteachchildrenthat
certainbehaviorsareneveracceptable:thereisnoonetoblamebutthebullies
themselves.Suchlessonscouldhaveawidespreadimpactonthehealthand
happinessofgenerationstocome.
32.Whatcanbeinferredbulliesfromthepassage?
A.Celebritiessuffermorewhenatschool.
B.Alltheafterwardimpactsarenottemporary.
C.Womenaremorelikelytobebulliedthanmen.
D.Sufferingswillbewiththevictimsforever.
33.whatultimateoutcomemightthevictimssufferwhentheygrowup?
A.Increasingtendencytocommitsuicide.
B.Deepanxiety,depressionandsuspicion.
C.Increasingtendencytoattackpartners.
D.Financialinstabilityandunemployment.
34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"that"inthefourthparagraphreferto?
A.thehighlevelsofinflammationB.frequentchildhoodbullying
C-thecontinuousexistenceoflinkD.thecontroloverlifehabits
35.Whoshouldinstructchildrentotreatbullyingcorrectlyexcept?
A.celebritiesB.expertsC.bulliesD.parents
【答案】32.B33.D34.C35.C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍儿童时期受到的校园霸凌对人们日
后的消极影响。
32.推理判断题。根据第一段”Recentresearchsuggeststhattheeffectsof
childhoodbullyingcancontinuefordecades,withlong-lastingchangesthatcan
putusatagreaterriskofmentalandphysicalillness.(最近的研究表明,儿童欺
凌的影响可以持续数十年,长期的变化可能会使我们面临更大的精神和身体
疾病风险。户可知,儿童欺凌的影响可以持续数十年,故推知影响不是暂时
的,故选B。
33.推理判断题。根据第三段“Finally,therearetheacademicandeconomiccosts.
Bullyingharmspeople'sgrades,whichinturnreducestheirjobprospects.(最后,
还有学术和经济成本。欺凌对人们的成绩不利,这反过来又会降低他们的就
业前景。)“可知,受害者长大后可能会承受经济上的,学习上的代价,由此
又影响到他们的工作前景,由此判断出受害者长大后会遭受财政不稳定和失
业。故选D。
34.词句猜测题。根据第四段"Analyzingdatafroma50-year-longstudy,she
foundthatfrequentbullyingbetweentheagesof7and11waslinkedtomarkedly
higherlevelsofinflammation(炎症)atage45.Importantly,thelinkremained
evenaftershehadcontrolledmanyotherfactors,includingtheirdiet,physical
activity,andwhethertheysmoked.(她分析了一项长达50年的研究数据,发现
7至11岁之间频繁的欺凌与45岁时炎症水平明显升高有关。重要的是,即
使在她控制了许多其他因素之后,包括他们的饮食,身体活动以及他们是否
吸烟,这种关联仍然存在。户可知,7到11岁所受的频繁欺凌跟45岁身体
所遭受的炎症密切相关,即使控制许多因素,这个关联仍然存在。这个关联
是很重要的发现。故推知that指代”这个持续存在的关联”,故选C。
35.推理判断题。根据第一段“LadyGaga,ShawnMendes,andKaren
Elson—thesearejustafewpeoplewhohavespokenabouttheirexperiencesof
beingvictimsofbullying(欺凌)atschool,andthepainthatithascausedthemin
childhoodandlaterlife.Recentresearchsuggeststhattheeffectsofchildhood
bullyingcancontinuefordecades,withlong-lastingchangesthatcanputusata
greaterriskofmentalandphysicalillness.(LadyGaga>ShawnMendes和Karen
Elson——这些只是少数几个人,他们谈到了他们在学校成为欺凌受害者的经
历,以及它在童年和以后生活中给他们带来的痛苦。最近的研究表明,儿童
欺凌的影响可以持续数十年,长期的变化可能会使我们面临更大的精神和身
体疾病风险。)”及最后一段“Butasadults,weshouldtakeourresponsibilityto
teachchildrenthatcertainbehaviorsareneveracceptable:thereisnooneto
blamebutthebulliesthemselves.(但作为成年人,我们应该承担起责任,教导
孩子们某些行为是绝对不可接受的:除了欺凌者自己,没有人可以被责怪。户
可知,LadyGaga这样的名人通过自己被霸凌的经历唤起人们对校园霸凌的
重视。专家通过研究告诉人们霸凌后的影响。为人父母的成年人通过告诉孩
子什么事情不可做,教育孩子。霸凌者需要被责备,他们不会指导孩子正确
对待霸凌行为。故推知名人、专家和父母可以指导孩子正确对待欺凌行为。
故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有
两项为多余选项。
HowtoRespondwhenSomeoneJudgesYou
Dealingwithjudgmentfromotherpeoplecanbetough,especiallywhenit's
comingfromafriend,familymember,orcolleague.Judgmentalpeopleare
unavoidable,butyoucaneasilydealwiththeircriticismusingpositivityand
compassion.
Ridyourselfofthejudgment.Rememberthatajudgmentalperson'swords
areareflectionoftheirownbeliefs-andnotyours.Criticalpeoplecriticize
themselvesmorethananyoneelse.36.
Besympathetic.Practicesympathytounderstandthesourceofthisperson9s
judgment.Itcouldbethattheywerejudgedbyparents,family,orfriends,in
whichcasethispe
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