英语（全国乙卷A卷）-2023年高考第二模拟考试卷（解析版）

英语（全国乙卷A卷）-学易金卷：2023年高考第二模拟考试

卷

全解全析

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最

佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关

小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1.Whatdoesthemanoffertodo?

A.Payforthebill.B.Dothecooking.C.Getsomethingtoeat.

【答案】C

【原文】M:OK.It'salmostoneo'clock.I'mgoingouttogetasandwich.Ican

getonefbryoutooifyoulike.

W:That'sverykindofyou.Couldyougetmeahamandcheese?

M:OK.

W:Thanks.WaitaminuteandI'llgiveyouthemoney.

2.Whydoesn'tthemanwanttogotothebeach?

A.Hehateshotweather.

B.Hehasnointerestinthebeach.

C.Heiswaitingforthefootballmatch.

【答案】B

【原文】W:TheweatherforecastsaysitwillbesunnyandhotthisSaturday.How

aboutgoingtothebeach?

M:Sorry.Thebeachneverappealstome.Ipreferstayingathomeandwatching

thefootballallday.

3.Whatdoesthewomanmean?

A.Themanisannoying.

B.Herhomeworkistoohard.

C.Themanisabsent-minded.

【答案】A

【原文】M:Whatareyouthinkingrightnow,Lucy?

W:Can'tyousee?I'mthinkingthatifyouwerequiet,Icouldgetmyhomework

done.Butitisdifficultformetoconcentrateonitsinceyouarealwaystalking.

4.Howdidthewomanknowtheplace?

A.OntheInternet.B.Onherwaytowork.C.Fromhercolleague.

【答案】C

［原文］M:Didyoureadaboutusonline?

W:No.IworkonAlbertStreet,notfaraway.

M:Soyousawoursign?

W:ActuallyIdidn'tnoticeituntilthisevening.Awomanatworkcomeshereand

swimseverylunchtime.SoI'mhopingtojoinher.

5.Whomighthavemadethereservation?

A.David.B.Mary.C.Burton.

【答案】B

【原文】M:Hello.ThisisDavidMaynard.Fmcallingtoconfirmmyreservation

fortonight.

W:Fmsorry,Mr.Maynard,butIdon'thavearoomreservedhereinyourname.

M:Oh,mysecretaryMarymighthaveusedthecompanyname.Isthereanything

forBurtonElectronics?

W:Oh,yes.

二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、

C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,

你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的

作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。

6.Whatdoesthemanlikeabouthishometown?

A.It'sreallyverybig.

B.Ithascolorfulnightlife.

C.It'snotexpensivetolivethere

7.Whatistheweatherlikeinthefallintheman'shometown?

A.Cold.B.Sunny.C.Wet.

【答案】6.B7.B

【原文】W:WhereinCanadaareyoufrom,Ken?

M:I'mfromToronto.

W:Oh,Tveneverbeenthere.What'sitlike?

M:It'sabigcity,butit'snottoobig.Thenightlifeiscolorful.Ienjoyit.

W:Isitexpensivethere?

M:Yeah,alittlebit.

W:Andwhat'stheweatherlikeinToronto?

M:Well,it'sprettycoldinthewinter,andveryhotandwetinthesummer.It's

niceinthespringandfall,though.Youcanalwaysseetheclearskythen.

听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。

8.Whenwilltheplanetakeoff?

A.At4:50.B.At6:30.C.At7:30.

9.Howwillthespeakersgototheairport?

A.Bytaxi.B.Byunderground.C.Bybus.

【答案】8.C9.A

【原文】W:Shallwetakeataxitotheairport?

M:Uh...ifwegotherebytaxiitmightbequiteexpensive.Westillhavealotof

time.Let'susetheunderground.

W:Butitwilltakeatleast15minutestogototheundergroundstationbybus.

Andthereisonlyanhourleft.Wewillbelatefbrtheplane

M:Whattimeisyourwatchnow?

W:Itisalreadysixthirty.

M:Why?Mywatchisonlytentofive.Oh,itmighthavestoppedlastnight.

W:Itseemsthatthetaxiisthewisechoiceforusnow.

M:Now,hurryup,orwe'llmisstheplane.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10.Whereistheman?

A.Atatheater.B.Atahotel.C.Atasnackbar.

11.Whatwillthemanprobablydoat6:00p.m.tomorrow?

A.Spendhis20thbirthday.

B.Attendaweddingceremony.

C.Celebratetheirweddinganniversary.

12.Howmuchshouldthemanpay?

A.$100.B.$200.C.$300.

【答案】10.B11.C12.C

【原文】W:Goodmorning.MovieCenter.HowmayIhelpyou?

M:Goodmorning.ThisisVinsonfromRoom808.Tdliketoknowsomething

aboutyourtheater.

W:Verywell,Mr.Vinson.Wehavethreetheaters-onepublictheater,andtwo

privatetheatersfbrfivepeopleandtwopeoplerespectively.

M:Emm...howdoyouchargefortheprivateone?

W:Thechargeforprivatetheateris$50perhourperperson.Drinksandsnacks

areextra.

M:Verywell.Tdliketoreservetheonefbrtwopeoplefrom6:00to9:00

tomonowevening.Tomorrowisthe20thanniversaryofourmarriage.Wewanta

celebration.

W:Whatexcitingnews!Congratulations,Mr.Vinson!

M:Thankyouverymuch.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13.WhatencouragedthemanandhiswifetogototheAntarctic?

A.Anarticle.B.ATVprogram.C.Atrainingcourse.

14.Whatwastheworstdangeraccordingtotheman?

A.Livinginextremeclimate.

B.Fallingintoiceholes.

C.Comingacrossaterriblewind.

15.Whatcausedthefunnynoise?

A.Theequipment.B.Thewind.C.Theplane.

16.Whatwasasurpriseforthemanandhiswife?

A.Theygotsomefreshfood.

B.TheycouldleavetheAntarcticearlier.

C.Someonewaslivingouttherenearthem.

【答案】13.A14.B15.C16.A

［原文】W:Goodevening,NickRobertson.Youandyourwifespentthewholeof

lastyearintheAntarctic.Whatgaveyoutheideaofdoingsuchathing?

M:Isawanarticleinamagazineaboutsomecoupleswhohadbeenthere.Both

ofusgotinterested.

W:Weren'tyouscared?

M:Abit,butbeforeweleftwehadatrainingcourse.Itwastoughbuttaughtus

aboutsurvivinginsub-zeroconditions.Theworstdangerwediscoveredwas

fallingintoholesinice.

W:Couldyougetintouchwiththeoutsideworldthere?

M:Therewassatellitecommunicationequipment.

W:Sodidn'tyouseeanyoneelsefbrawholeyear?

M:Well,therewasthattimewhenwewerehavingtheusualcannedfoodand

therewasafunnynoise.Jillthoughtitwasthewindbutitwasgettingcloser.

Suddenlytheroomwasfloodedwithlightfromthewindow.Iopenedthedoor

andfoundaboxinthesnow.Ilookedupandsawaplaneflyingaway.Theywere

passingnearbyandsomeonetoldthemthatwewereoutthere.Theydroppedusa

boxwithsomefreshfruitandvegetables.Itwasalovelysuiprise.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17.Whatisthepurposeofsettinguptheproject?

A.Tohelpstudentsbereadyforreallife.

B.Toteachstudentstowriteapplicationletters.

C.lbletstudentsknowaboutsometypicaljobs.

18.Whatistheheadmasterexpectedtodo?

A.Recommendjobstostudents.

B.Asktheteachertoexplaintheproject.

C.Announcethenewsoftheprojectclearly.

19.Whowillhelpstudentstowriteapplicationletters?

A.Theheadmaster.

B.Ateacher.

C.Amemberofthecommittee.

20.Whatisthelaststepofdoingtheproject?

A.Gatherstudents9opinions.

B.Makealistofsuitablejobs.

C.Askstudentstotakeonresponsibility.

【答案】17.A18.C19.B20.A

［原文］W:WelcometoStudentLife!Todaywe'regoingtotalkaboutsetting

upaprojectofstudentjobsinyourschool.Havingstudentsdodifferentjobs

aroundtheschoolisagreatwaytopreparethemforlifeintherealworld.It

encouragesthemtoberesponsibleandalsohelpsthemlearnnewtasksandgain

experience.However,it'simportanttogetstudentsexcitedabouttheproject,so

thefirstthingyoushoulddoisletstudentsknowthisproject.Gettheheadmaster

tomakeanannouncementexplainingtheproject.OK?Thendecideonthejobs

youwantandwriteoutthedescriptionsoftheskillsandresponsibilitiesneeded

foreachposition.SometypicaljobsareClassroomAssistants.RecyclingOfficers

andComputerAssistants.Next,askstudentstoapplyforthejobs.Studentsshould

beencouragedtowritelettersofapplicationfbrthejobtheyareinterestedin.This

isagreatwaytopracticeletterwritingskills!Anddon'tforget,youshouldmake

surethatstudentsareguidedbyateachersothattheytaketheirresponsibilities

seriously.Acommitteethenreviewsalltheapplicationsandgivesjobstothemost

suitableapplicants.Finally,it'simportanttogetopinionsfromthestudentsabout

theproject,tofindoutwhichjobsaresuccessfulandwhichdon'tgosowell.

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

DiscoverallthegreatSydneyattractions.You'Hfindmanymemorablethings

todoandfascinatingmuseumstovisitinSydney,Australia.

AustralianMuseum

TheAustralianMuseum（AM）wasfoundedin1827andiswell-knownasthe

nation'sfirstmuseum.TheAMhasbeentransformedandvisitorscannowenjoy

transformedspacesandupdatedfacilities.Freegeneraladmissionincludesentry

toallpermanentexhibitionsandPrehistoricPlayground,whichisopendailyon

Level2andfeaturesavarietyofactivitiesforchildrenofallagesincludinga

fossillabandinteractivedinosaurdesignstation.

ArtGalleryofNewSouthWales

ExplorefivelevelsofartatoneofAustralia'smostpopularartmuseums,

locatedwithinbeautifulparklandsoverlookingSydneyHarbour,just10minutes9

walkfromthecity.

SeeanextensivecollectionofAustralianart,includingoneofthelargest

galleriesofaboriginal（土著的）artinthecountry,alongsideAsiantreasuresand

leadinglocalandinternationalcontemporaryart.

MuseumofContemporaryArtAustralia-MCA

TheMuseumofContemporaryArtAustraliaisAustralia'sleadingmuseum

dedicatedtoexhibiting,inteipretingandcollectingcontemporaryartfromacross

Australia.

LocatedatCircularQuay,theMCAishousedintheformerMaritime

Servicesbuilding,afineexampleoflateArtDecoarchitecture.

AustralianNationalMaritimeMuseum

LocatedatthewaterfrontofDarlingHarbour,theMaritimeMuseumisan

indoor/outdoorattractionandgreatentertainmentfbrthewholefamily.The

museumhasoneofthelargestandmostdiversein-waterfleets（舰队）inthe

world.Themuseumhostssixpermanentgalleries,anever-changingprogramof

temporaryexhibitions,anda3Dcinema,ensuringthatthereissomethingfbr

everyone.

21.WhatisAustralianMuseumfamousfor?

A.Thelowestprice.B.Contemporaryart.

C.Outdoorattractions.D.Thelongesthistory.

22.WhereshouldyougoifyouwanttoappreciatetreasuresfromAsia?

A.AustralianMuseum.

B.ArtGalleryofNewSouthWales.

C.AustralianNationalMaritimeMuseum.

D.MuseumofContemporaryArtAustralia一MCA.

23.WhichofthefollowingcanbeseeninAustralianNationalMaritimeMuseum?

A.A3Dcinema.B.Adesignstation.

C.Localcontemporaryart.D.LateArtDecoarchitecture.

【答案】21.D22.B23.A

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了澳大利亚悉尼的几个博物馆景点。

21.细节理解题。根据AustralianMuseum下列段落中“TheAustralianMuseum

（AM）wasfoundedin1827andiswell-knownasthenation'sfirstmuseum.（澳大

利亚博物馆（AM）成立于1827年，是澳大利亚第一个博物馆厂可知，澳大

利亚博物馆以历史最长而闻名。故选D项。

22.细节理解题。根据ArtGalleryofNewSouthWales下列第二段“Seean

extensivecollectionofAustralianart,includingoneofthelargestgalleriesof

aboriginal（土著的）artinthecountry,alongsideAsiantreasuresandleadinglocal

andinternationalcontemporaryart.（这里收藏了大量的澳大利亚艺术，包括该

国最大的土著艺术画廊之一，以及亚洲珍宝和领先的本地和国际当代艺术）”

可知，如果你想欣赏来自亚洲的珍宝，应该去新南威尔士州美术馆。故选B

项。

23.细节理解题。根据AustralianNationalMaritimeMuseum下列段落中

“Themuseumhostssixpermanentgalleries,anever-changingprogramof

temporaryexhibitions,anda3Dcinema,ensuringthatthereissomethingfbr

everyone.（博物馆有六个永久画廊，一个不断变化的临时展览项目，和一个

3D电影院，确保每个人都有所收获）”可知，在澳大利亚国家海事博物馆可以

看到3D电影院。故选A项。

B

MaxWoosey,an11-year-oldfromtheUnitedKingdom,hasspenthistime

duringCOVID-19doingsomethingprettymeaningful.Hesleptinatentfbrover

500nightsinarow.Andhedidthisnotonlybecausehelovestheoutdoorsbutin

servicetoothers.

Max'sfatherisaRoyalMarine（皇家海军陆战队员），sohehascourageand

lovefbroutdooractivitiesinhisblood.Max'sfamilywaslookingaftertheir

neighbor,Rick,whowasdyingofcancer.BeforeRickpassedawayhegaveMax

atentandhadhimpromisetohaveanadventure.

So,afterRickdied,Maxhadanidea.HedecidedtoraisemoneyforDevon

Hospice（救济院），whichcaredforRickinhisfinaldays.Whenthefirst

lockdownhappened,Maxhadrealizedthatmuchofthehospice'sfundraising（筹

资）alsocametoastop.Butoutsidethehospice,anumberofpeoplewerewaiting

forhelp.SoMaxsetagoaltoraise100poundsbycampingoutinhisfront

garden.

OnMarch29th,2020,Maxstartedhiscampingadventurein,Rick'stent.As

hepassedhundredsofdayscampingout,heattractednationalattentionfromthe

mediaandeventhePrimeMinister,wholaterpaidhimavisit.Morepeoplehave

donatedtoDevonHospice.

Now,500dayslater,heisstillcamping!Throughstorms,rain,highwinds

andcold,hestucktoit.ThelessonshisdadtaughthimfromtheRoyalMarines,

tonevergiveup,showkindness,honestyandtryhardhelpedsupporthimin

toughtimes.

Inall,Maxhasraisedmorethan750000poundsforDevonHospice!This

madeupforabouthalfofthedonationstheyhadlostfortheyear!Maxeven

organizedahugecampathisschoolplaygroundtoshowpeoplewhatchildrencan

achieveiftheyallworktogether.

24.WhatmadeMaxdecidetoraisemoneyforDevonHospice?

A.Govemmenfsrequirement.B.Hisfather^influence.

C.Rick'sdeath.D.DevonHospice'sinstruction.

25.WhichofthefollowingisMax'sachievement?

A.ArousingmorepublicconcernforDevonHospice.

B.BeingawardedamedalbythePrimeMinister.

C.ImprovingthereputationofDevonHospice.

D.Startingaworldwidecampingactivity.

26.WhatcanweinferaboutDevonHospice?

A.Itusedtoraiseabout1.5millionpoundsayear.

B.ItreceivedmoredonationsduringCOVID-19.

C.Itwasspeciallybuiltforcancersufferers.

D.IthelpedMaxgothroughdifficultcampingtimes.

27.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeMax?

A.Activeandeasy-going.B.Kindandstrong-minded.

C.Humorousandconsiderate.D.Cleverandaggressive.

【答案】24.C25.A26.A27.B

【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了一个男孩Max为一家救济院筹钱的

故事。

24.细节理解题。由第三段“So,afterRickdied.Maxhadanidea.Hedecidedto

raisemoneyforDevonHospice（救济院）,whichcaredforRickinhisfinal

days."（所以，在瑞克死后，麦克斯有了一个主意。他决定为德文临终关怀

机构筹集资金，该机构在瑞克的最后几天照顾着他。）可知，Rick的死去使

他开始筹钱。故选C项。

25.细节理解题。由第四段“Ashepassedhundredsofdayscampingout,he

attractednationalattentionfromthemediaandeventhePrimeMinister,wholater

paidhimavisit.”（他在户外露营了数百天，引起了全国媒体甚至总理的关注，

总理后来也拜访了他。）可知，Max的做法赢得了大家对DevonHospice的关

注。故选A项。

26.推理判断题。由尾段‘理all,Maxhasraisedmorethan750000poundsfor

DevonHospice!Thismadeupforabouthalfofthedonationstheyhadlostfbrthe

year!”（总之，Max为DevonHospice筹集了超过750000英镑！这弥补了

他们一年中损失的捐款的一半左右!）可知，DevonHospice半年筹钱75万，

一年筹钱150万。故选A项。

27.推理判断题。由第五段“Now,500dayslater,heisstillcamping!Through

storms,rain,highwindsandcold,hestucktoit."（现在,500天过去了，他还

在露营！经历了暴风雨、大风和寒冷，他坚持了下来。）可知，Max为Devon

Hospice筹钱，所以他很善良，他无论风霜雨雪都在筹钱，所以他很坚持。

故选B项。

C

Weneedavarieddiet,andonewaytodothisisbyeatingallthecolorsofthe

rainbow.TheproofmaybeintheMediterraneandiet,whichcontainsalotoffruit,

vegetablesandhealthyfats."EatingatraditionalMediterraneandietmeansyou

consumedifferentnutrientsandphytonutrients,saysFrancescoSofiofthe

UniversityofFlorence.Phytonutrientsaresmallchemicalcompoundsproduced

byplantsthathelpusdigestlargernutrients.

Really,headds,thecolorsoftheMediterraneandietarenodifferenttoother

vegetable-baseddiets.There9rethusotherreasonswhyitisamongthehealthiest.

Forexample,Mediterraneanpopulationstraditionallyboil,ratherthanfry,their

vegetables,whichpreservesnutrients,Sofisays.

Thehealthbenefitsofadietrichinfruitandvegetablesonourbrainand

heartareamongthemostconsistentfindingswithinnutritionscience,says

DeannaMinichoftheUniversityofWesternStatesinPortland,Oregon.Plant

foodscontainthousandsofphytonutrients.

AccordingtoTian-shinYehofHarvardT.H.ChanSchoolofPublicHealth,

eatingacolorfuldietcanhelppeopleavoidpossiblesideeffectsofeatingtoo

muchofonefood."Researchhasfoundthatorangejuicecanreducetheriskof

cognitivedecline,buttoomuchintakeisassociatedwithtype2diabetesJshe

says.

Minicharguesthattherainbowdietisn'tlimitedtofruitandvegetables,but

includesothernaturalfoods,suchasherbs,spices,nuts,seeds,andeventea.She

alsoconsiderswhitefoodaspartoftherainbowdiet,includingtofu.Eating

variouscolorscouldmeanweeatmorefruitandvegetablesoverall.

There?reotherwaystogetarangeofnutrientsandphytonutrientsfromyour

diet,researcherssay.Onestudyfoundthatparticipantswhoatebitterandstrong

tastingvegetablesover12weekshadlowerbloodpressureandbloodsugar.It's

alsoimportanttoconsiderwhichpartsoftheplantyou'reeating,saysYeh."The

nutritionalvaluesforcabbageandturniparen'tthatsimilarbecauseoneistheleaf

andtheotheroneistherootpartoftheplant,“shesays.

28.WhatelsemakestheMediterraneandiethealthybesidesitsrichcontent?

A.Itseasyavailability.B.Itsappealingcolors.

C.Itswaysofcooking.D.Itseasilybeingabsorbed.

29.Whafsagoodwaytogetnutrientsandphytonutrientsfromadietbesides

color?

A.Payingattentiontotaste.

B.Eatingallpartsofaplant.

C.Eatingseasonallyandlocally.

D.Combiningdifferentdietseveryday.

30.Howdoestheauthordevelopthetext?

A.Bylistinghealthbenefitsoftherainbowdiet.

B.Byprovidingviewpointsofdifferentexperts.

C.Byexplainingtheprocessesofrelatedstudies.

D.Byintroducingthepopularityoftherainbowdiet.

31.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Whatcolorfulfoodisthehealthiest?

B.Howshouldweeatcolorfulfoodinlife?

C.Wherecanwegethealthycolorfulfood?

D.Whyiseatingcolorfulfoodgoodforyou?

【答案】28.C29.A30.B31.D

【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究人员普遍认为，我们需要多样化的饮食，其

中•种方法就是吃多种颜色的彩虹饮食。文章解释了其原因以及三名专家的

观点。

28.细节理解题。根据第二段中“Forexample,Mediterraneanpopulations

traditionallyboil,ratherthanfry,theirvegetables,whichpreservesnutrients,Sofi

says.（例如，地中海居民传统上是煮蔬菜，而不是油炸，这样可以保存营养，

索菲说）“可知，地中海饮食被认为很健康的原因是其烹饪方式：水煮。故选

Co

29.细节理解题。根据最后一•段中“There'reotherwaystogetarangeof

nutrientsandphytonutrientsfromyourdiet,researcherssay.Onestudyfoundthat

participantswhoatebitterandstrongtastingvegetablesover12weekshadlower

bloodpressureandbloodsugar.（研究人员说，还有其他方法可以从你的饮食中

获得一系列营养和植物营养素。一项研究发现，超过12周食用苦味和味道

强烈的蔬菜的参与者有较低的血压和血糖）”可知，人们还可以通过改变食物

口味来丰富饮食中的营养。故选A。

30.推理判断题。根据第一段中“"EatingatraditionalMediterraneandietmeans

youconsumedifferentnutrientsandphytonutrients,saysFrancescoSofiofthe

UniversityofFlorence.（“传统的地中海饮食意味着你摄入不同的营养和植物

营养素，''佛罗伦萨大学的FrancescoSofi说）”；第三段中“Thehealthbenefitsof

adietrichinfruitandvegetablesonourbrainandheartareamongthemost

consistentfindingswithinnutritionscience,saysDeannaMinichoftheUniversity

ofWesternStatesinPortland,Oregon.（富含水果和蔬菜的饮食对我们大脑和心

脏的健康益处是营养科学中最一致的发现之一，俄勒冈州波特兰的西部州立

大学的迪安娜・米尼奇说）”以及第四段中“AccordingtoTian-shinYehof

HarvardT.H.ChanSchoolofPublicHealth,eatingacolorfuldietcanhelp

peopleavoidpossiblesideeffectsofeatingtoomuchofonefood.（哈佛大学公共

卫生学院的Tian-shinYeh表示，丰富多彩的饮食可以帮助人们避免吃过多一

种食物可能产生的副作用户可知，本文为了说明地中海式饮食的健康引用了

三个专家的观点。故选B。

31.主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Weneedavarieddiet,andonewaytodothisis

byeatingallthecolorsoftherainbow.TheproofmaybeintheMediterranean

diet,whichcontainsalotoffruit,vegetablesandhealthyfats.（我们需要多样化的

饮食，其中一个方法就是吃彩虹中所有的颜色。地中海饮食可能就是证明，

它含有大量的水果、蔬菜和健康脂肪）''结合本文主要介绍地中海式饮食为什

么被认为是健康的。故D选项“为什么吃五颜六色的食物对你有好处？”最符

合文章标题。故选D。

D

LadyGaga,ShawnMendes,andKarenElson一thesearejustafewpeople

whohavespokenabouttheirexperiencesofbeingvictimsofbullying（欺凌）at

school,andthepainthatithascausedtheminchildhoodandlaterlife.Recent

researchsuggeststhattheeffectsofchildhoodbullyingcancontinuefordecades,

withlong-lastingchangesthatcanputusatagreaterriskofmentalandphysical

illness.

Undoubtedly,bullyingisaseriousrisktochildren'smentalhealthintheshort

term,withthemostnotableconsequences:anxiety,depressionandsuspicious

thinking.Whilesomeofthesesymptomsmaynaturallydisappearafterthe

bullyingstops,manyvictimscontinuetosufferfromahigherriskofmental

illness.

AccordingtoarecentpaperintheHarvardReviewofPsychiatry,awoman

whohasbeenbulliedasachildis27timesmorelikelytohaveapanicdisorder.

Amongmen,childhoodbullyingresultedina18-foldincreaseinsuicide（自杀）.

Bullyingwillalsohaveextendedconsequencesforpeople'ssociallives:many

victimsfindithardertomakefriendsorlivewithalong-termpartnerinlaterlife.

“Kidswho'vebeenbullied,mightinterpretsocialrelationshipsinamore

threateningway,“saysArseneault.Finally,therearetheacademicandeconomic

costs.Bullyingharmspeople'sgrades,whichinturnreducestheirjobprospects.

Arseneaulfsresearchsuggeststhattheresultingstresscaninfluencethebody

fordecades.Analyzingdatafroma50-year-longstudy,shefoundthatfrequent

bullyingbetweentheagesof7and11waslinkedtomarkedlyhigherlevelsof

inflammation（炎症）atage45.Importantly,thelinkremainedevenaftershehad

controlledmanyotherfactors,includingtheirdiet,physicalactivity,andwhether

theysmoked.That'simportant,sincesuchinflammationcanbreakdownthe

immune（免疫）systemandcontributestothewearandtearonourorgansthat

leadstoconditionslikecardiovascular（心、血管的）disease.

Growingupisrarelygoingtobeeasy:childrenandadolescentsarelearning

toadjusttosocialrelationships,whichisalwaysgoingtocomewithhurtand

upset.Butasadults,weshouldtakeourresponsibilitytoteachchildrenthat

certainbehaviorsareneveracceptable:thereisnoonetoblamebutthebullies

themselves.Suchlessonscouldhaveawidespreadimpactonthehealthand

happinessofgenerationstocome.

32.Whatcanbeinferredbulliesfromthepassage?

A.Celebritiessuffermorewhenatschool.

B.Alltheafterwardimpactsarenottemporary.

C.Womenaremorelikelytobebulliedthanmen.

D.Sufferingswillbewiththevictimsforever.

33.whatultimateoutcomemightthevictimssufferwhentheygrowup?

A.Increasingtendencytocommitsuicide.

B.Deepanxiety,depressionandsuspicion.

C.Increasingtendencytoattackpartners.

D.Financialinstabilityandunemployment.

34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"that"inthefourthparagraphreferto?

A.thehighlevelsofinflammationB.frequentchildhoodbullying

C-thecontinuousexistenceoflinkD.thecontroloverlifehabits

35.Whoshouldinstructchildrentotreatbullyingcorrectlyexcept?

A.celebritiesB.expertsC.bulliesD.parents

【答案】32.B33.D34.C35.C

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍儿童时期受到的校园霸凌对人们日

后的消极影响。

32.推理判断题。根据第一段”Recentresearchsuggeststhattheeffectsof

childhoodbullyingcancontinuefordecades,withlong-lastingchangesthatcan

putusatagreaterriskofmentalandphysicalillness.（最近的研究表明，儿童欺

凌的影响可以持续数十年，长期的变化可能会使我们面临更大的精神和身体

疾病风险。户可知，儿童欺凌的影响可以持续数十年，故推知影响不是暂时

的，故选B。

33.推理判断题。根据第三段“Finally,therearetheacademicandeconomiccosts.

Bullyingharmspeople'sgrades,whichinturnreducestheirjobprospects.（最后，

还有学术和经济成本。欺凌对人们的成绩不利，这反过来又会降低他们的就

业前景。）“可知，受害者长大后可能会承受经济上的，学习上的代价，由此

又影响到他们的工作前景，由此判断出受害者长大后会遭受财政不稳定和失

业。故选D。

34.词句猜测题。根据第四段"Analyzingdatafroma50-year-longstudy,she

foundthatfrequentbullyingbetweentheagesof7and11waslinkedtomarkedly

higherlevelsofinflammation（炎症）atage45.Importantly,thelinkremained

evenaftershehadcontrolledmanyotherfactors,includingtheirdiet,physical

activity,andwhethertheysmoked.（她分析了一项长达50年的研究数据，发现

7至11岁之间频繁的欺凌与45岁时炎症水平明显升高有关。重要的是，即

使在她控制了许多其他因素之后，包括他们的饮食，身体活动以及他们是否

吸烟，这种关联仍然存在。户可知，7到11岁所受的频繁欺凌跟45岁身体

所遭受的炎症密切相关，即使控制许多因素，这个关联仍然存在。这个关联

是很重要的发现。故推知that指代”这个持续存在的关联”，故选C。

35.推理判断题。根据第一段“LadyGaga,ShawnMendes,andKaren

Elson—thesearejustafewpeoplewhohavespokenabouttheirexperiencesof

beingvictimsofbullying（欺凌）atschool,andthepainthatithascausedthemin

childhoodandlaterlife.Recentresearchsuggeststhattheeffectsofchildhood

bullyingcancontinuefordecades,withlong-lastingchangesthatcanputusata

greaterriskofmentalandphysicalillness.（LadyGaga>ShawnMendes和Karen

Elson——这些只是少数几个人，他们谈到了他们在学校成为欺凌受害者的经

历，以及它在童年和以后生活中给他们带来的痛苦。最近的研究表明，儿童

欺凌的影响可以持续数十年，长期的变化可能会使我们面临更大的精神和身

体疾病风险。）”及最后一段“Butasadults,weshouldtakeourresponsibilityto

teachchildrenthatcertainbehaviorsareneveracceptable:thereisnooneto

blamebutthebulliesthemselves.（但作为成年人，我们应该承担起责任，教导

孩子们某些行为是绝对不可接受的：除了欺凌者自己，没有人可以被责怪。户

可知，LadyGaga这样的名人通过自己被霸凌的经历唤起人们对校园霸凌的

重视。专家通过研究告诉人们霸凌后的影响。为人父母的成年人通过告诉孩

子什么事情不可做，教育孩子。霸凌者需要被责备，他们不会指导孩子正确

对待霸凌行为。故推知名人、专家和父母可以指导孩子正确对待欺凌行为。

故选C。

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有

两项为多余选项。

HowtoRespondwhenSomeoneJudgesYou

Dealingwithjudgmentfromotherpeoplecanbetough,especiallywhenit's

comingfromafriend,familymember,orcolleague.Judgmentalpeopleare

unavoidable,butyoucaneasilydealwiththeircriticismusingpositivityand

compassion.

Ridyourselfofthejudgment.Rememberthatajudgmentalperson'swords

areareflectionoftheirownbeliefs-andnotyours.Criticalpeoplecriticize

themselvesmorethananyoneelse.36.

Besympathetic.Practicesympathytounderstandthesourceofthisperson9s

judgment.Itcouldbethattheywerejudgedbyparents,family,orfriends,in

whichcasethispe