高考英语阅读理解选项特征揭秘

2013高考英语阅读理解专题

抓住试题选项特征,正确答案手到擒来！

正确选项的特征：

1.正确选项通常与文章中心思想，主旨大意有关；

2.正确选项所在位置：（1）首段段尾句；（2）转折处；（3）因果关系处：（4）条件关系处;

3.正确选项设置的特点往往利用同义词的替换，或者正话反说，反话正说：

4.正确选项从语义上去理解经常含有不肯定的语气词和委婉表达的词：can,may,might,

尤其是推理题的答案常这样设置，以显示推理题所论述含义的相对性；

5.正确选项具有概括性、深刻性，因为其考查的对象是阅读文章的重点和要点。

错误选项的特征：

1.无中生有，乃原文中未提及的概念；

2.正反混淆；

3.所答非所向（选项符合原文，但是不符合题干）：

4.扩大范围；

5.因果倒置：

6.常识判断（符合常识的不一定是正确答案，但是不符合常识的一定不是正确答案）；

7.过分绝对。（never/must/no+名词，若有缓和就可能不是错误的）：

8.推理过头；

9.变换词性；

10.偷换概念（偷梁换柱）。

干扰项判断技法

1.包含项

在分析选项时，假如对A选项的理解概括了对其他三项(或其中某一项)的理解，那么，我们

就说选项A与其他三项是包含或概括关系，包含项A往往就是正确答案。如在“松树”与“森林”

两选项中，正确答案肯定是“森林”，森林包含了松树，因为松树肯定是森林里的•种树，但松树

肯定不代表森林。如：

Livinginaresidencehallcarriescertainobligation.Youhavetobeconsiderateofothers,

especiallyduringstudyhours.Telephonecallsandvisitsbyfriendsshouldbeshort.Youhaveto

cooperateinkeepingtheroomassanitary(卫生)aspossible.Itissometimeshardtobetolerantof

anotherperson'shabitsthatmaydifferfromyourown.

()Whatmustyoulearntobetolerantofifyouliveinadormitory?

A.Yourroommate'stelephonecalls.

B.Habitsthatmaydifferfromyourown.

C.Visitsbyyourroommate'sfriends.

D.Roommateswhoareunsanitary.

再如：()Thethreeexamplesarecitedtoshowthat.

A.quitsmokingisnecessary

B.healthyhabitsbenefitourhealth

C.fruitsandvegetablesarcbetterthanmilk

D.weshoulddrinkmorewatereveryday

包含项原则预示：选项中内容全面、概况性强的，往往是正确答案。包含项还

告诉我们，有时不读原文照样可以做对题，但这绝对不是瞎蒙。

2.正反项

两选项陈述的命题完全相矛盾叫正反项。根据形式逻辑，两个相互矛盾的判断不能都是假的,

其中必有一个是真的。所以在阅读中，假如四个选项中A、B互为正反项，那我们通常先排除C、

D项，正确答案•般在A、B项当中取其一。用排除法先缩小范围，以增加得分儿率。如：

Theyfeeltheyarepoorlistenerswhentheythinkaboutsomethingelsewhiletheotheristalkingor

whentheyaretired,ornotinterestedinwhatsheorheistalkingabout.Mostpeoplelistenonlywith

theirears.

()Accordingtothepassage,listeningonlywithearsmayhappentouswhen

A.weareemotionallytired

B.wearephysicallydisabled

C.wearesointerestedinthetopic

D.weareaskedmanyquestions

如：Themainproblemisthatourneighborworldsappeartobeunsuitableforadvancedlifeforms.The

moonmaybethecasefirst,ithashardlyanyatmosphere.Venusislittlebetter,butthesurfaced

temperatureisveryhigh.Marswiththinatmosphereandlittlewatercannotsupportthelivingnecessity

oftheanimals.

()ThereisunlikelyanylifeonVenusbecause.

A.ithasverythinatmosphere

B.thesurfacetemperatureistoohot

C.theweatheristoocold

D.itisextremelyshortofwater

正反项原则预示：陈述内容或基调完全相反的两选项往往有一个是正确答案。

3.委婉项

话不能说死，要留有余地。阅读理解选项中语气平和、委婉的往往是正确答案。这些选项一

般含有不十分肯定或试探性语气的表达，如：probably,possibly,may,usually,might,mostof,more

orless,relatively,belikelyto,notnecessary,although,yet,inaddition,tendto,beliableto等等，而

含有城对语气的表达往往不是正确答案，如：must,always,never,themost,all,every,any,merely,

only,completely,none,hardly,already等等。如：

()Accordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs,.

A.theuseofwaterisacompletelynewconcept

B.theseahasalreadylongbeenusedasawayofpower

C.waterisasourceofenergyfarmoreeconomicalthananyotherenergies

D.water,ifproperlyhandled,maypresentapromisingsolutiontoenergycrisis

又如：

()Theopinionofthewriteristhat.

A.theremaybeotherintelligentbeingsintheuniverse

B.thereareotherintelligentbeingsintheuniverse

C.peoplelivingontheeartharealmostcertainlytheonlyintelligentbeingsintheuniverse

D.peoplelivingontheeartharedefinitelytheonlyintelligentbeingsintheuniverse

再如：

()Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Workinghardisabasicrequirementofallemployees.

B.Goodwritingskillsalonehelpyousucceedinanyfield.

C.Theonlyqualificationfbrgettinghiredbyacompanyisgoodcommunicationskills.

D.Whiletheimportanceofone'sabilitytocommunicateincreases,hisprofessionalbackground

maybecomeincreasinglylessimportant.

以后遇到此类干扰项(并非所有题目都可以这样的)，尽管大胆作出判断！掌握

了此类瞬间解题秘诀，不仅缩短了答题时间，还能保障近乎100%的准确率！这就是

所谓的“窍门”！

4.同形项

几个选项如存在形式与结构上的相似，那它们就互为同形。命题人往往先将正确答案设置在

•个大命题范围，然后通过语言形式的细微变化来考查考生的理解能力与分析能力。同形项原则

告诉我们：词汇与句法结构相似的选项里一般存在有正确答案。如：

Thedevelopmentofrapidtransitraillinesincitiesshouldparallellocaleconomicdevelopment

andblindconstructionofsuchlinesshouldbeavoided...Itstressedthattheamountofdomestically

madeequipmentusedinsuchinfrastructureprojectsneedstobeincreased.

()Therapidtransitraillinesshould

A.developasquicklyaspossible

B.developwithlocaleconomicdevelopment

C.developafterlocaleconomicdevelopment

D.developwiththeconstructionindustry

5.常识项

在直论文当中，那些符合一般常识，意义深刻富有哲理，符合一般规律，属于普遍现象的选

项往往是正确答案。如：

Treesareusefultomaninthreeimportantways:theyprovidehimwithwoodandotherproducts;

theygivehimshade;andtheyhelptopreventdroughtsandfloods.Unfortunately,inmanypartsofthe

world,manhasnotrealizedthatthethirdoftheseservicesisthemostimportant.

()Whatisthemostimportantserviceoftreestomanaccordingtothepassage?

A.Theyhelphimmakemoney.

B.Theygivehimwoodandotherproducts.

C.Theyhelphimpreventdroughtsandfloods.

D.Theygivehimshade.

再如：IfMrsAbbydiesafterhehaspaidpremiums(保险费)fbroneortwoyearsonly,the

insurancecompanywillloseheavily.Butifshelivestotheageofseventyorbeyond,theinsurance

companywillmakeaprofit.

()Accordingtothepassage,theinsurancecompanywillmakegreatprofits.

A.ifthepremiumisincreasedsothecompanycanearnmoremoneyeachyear

B.ifnobodyaboveseventybuysinsuranceagainstdeath

C.ifmostinsurancebuyerslivelongerthantheaveragelengthoflife

D.ifmostinsurancebuyersliveshorterthantheaveragelengthoflife

6.集合项

四个选项中，如果有一项是其他两项或三项的集合，那么此集合项往往就是正确答案。其表

现形式为：AandB;A,BandC;BothAandB;alloftheaboveitemso如：

TheAntarcticisacontinentalmostaslargeasEuropeandAustraliacombined,surroundedbythe

mostunobstructedwaterareasoftheworld-theAtlantic,Pacific,andIndianOceans.

()Antarcticissurroundedbythe.

A.AtlanticOceanB.PacificOcean

C.IndianOceanD.alloftheabove

再如：Inhiseagernesstomakemoneyfromtrees,hehascutthemdowninlargenumbers,onlyto

findthatwithoutthemhehaslostthebestfriendshehad.Andbesides,heisusuallytoocarelessto

plantandlookafternewtrees.Sotheforestsslowlydisappear.

()Whydoforestsinmanypartsoftheworldslowlydisappear?

A.Newtreesarenotlookedafterproperly.

B.Manytreeshavebeencutdownbyman.

C.Manhasnotpaidenoughattentiontoplantingtrees.

D.A11oftheabove.

注：此类命题近年少见。另注意：不论是Alloftheabove还是BothAandB或其他形式

的话，该项未必是最佳选项。这里还要考虑是否包含或正反等其他原则。

7.因果项

阅读理解逻辑推理基本都是通过因果链进行的，前因后果，一步步循序渐进。然而，在推理

题型的选项中，有的选项会推理不到位（止于前因），或者推理过头（止于后果），这就是所谓的

干扰项。因果项原则规定：假如四个选项中有两项互为同一事物推理过程中的因果关系，那么正

确答案就是这两个因果项中的其中之一。如果因项可以产生几个结果，那么答案就是因项；如果

果项可以对应几个原因，那么答案就是果项。如：

Nooneshouldbeforcedtowearauniform.Uniformsaretotallyunnecessaryinademocratic

society.Unifonntelltheworldthatthepersonwhowearsonehasnovalueasanindividual,thatis,the

individualinauniformlosesselfworth.Therearethosewhosaythatwearingauniformgivesasense

ofidentificationwithamoreimportantconcept.Butinfact,theindividualhimselfisthemost

important,ifanorganizationissoweakthatitmustrelyontheuniformtoinspireitmembers,that

organizationhasnotrighttocontinueitsexistence.Ontheotherhand,uniformsalsohurttheeconomy.

（）Theauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthisparagraphisto.

A.showthatuniformarepossibleinademocraticsociety

B.advocatestrongergovernmentalcontrolsonthewearingofunifbnns

C.convincethereaderthatuniformshavemoredisadvantagesthanadvantages

D.advocatedoingawaywithuniforms

综上所述，阅读理解干扰项设置有一定的规律可循，如果做题时能够把握干扰的特点，准确

捕捉选项的错误信息点，或不合题目要求的信息点，必将起到事半功倍的作用，提高理解的准确

率。

艺考生的救命稻草！

突破130分，快速提高30分的锦囊妙计！

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众说周知，得阅读、完形者得天下！

文章看没看懂不重要，关键是要选对！

高考英语阅读的核心暗示点：词和短语！

题目（或题干）有暗示，秘笈为你精准导航！

选项与出题点之间存在逻辑关系，3天帮您梳理！

速度比完美更重要，思路比题海要有效！

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目录:

一、2013阅读吴军猜题秘术：备选项高频答案特征

二、2013阅读吴军暗示点秒杀：备选项高频答案词

三、擒贼先擒王:主旨题、写作目的题吴军答题密码

四、阅读出题点与细节题吴军答题法则

五、阅读文章结构、题材与推论题吴军突破秘诀

六、阅读词汇、文章及作者态度题吴军破解规律

2013阅读吴军猜题秘术：备选项高频答案特征（10条秘诀）

秘诀一:被动结构是备选项高频答案特征!

[2010辽宁卷B篇】Ihateddinnerparties.ButIdecidedtogivethemanothershotbecauseI'min

London.AndmyfriendMalleryinvitedme.AndbecausedinnerpartiesinLondonareverydifferent

fromthosebackinNewYork.There,1'Tmhavingadinnerparty'means:"I'mbookingatablefor12

atarestaurantyoucan'taffordandwellbe|sharin@thechecqueevenly,nomatterwhatyoueat."

Worse,inManhattanthereisalwayssomeonewholeavesbeforethe|biHarrives.The/llthrowdown

cash,halfofwhattheyowe,andthenpeoplelikeme,whodon'tdrink,enduppayingevenmore.Butif

Itrytousethesametrick,thehostesswillshout:"Whereareyougoing?"AndifsnotlikeIcansayI

havesomewheretogo:everyoneknowIhavenowheretogo.

sinLondon,dinnerpartiesareinpeople'shomes.（转折对比，说明前面NewYorkers评价是

Self-centred.）Notonlythat,theguestsareaninterestingmix.ThelasttimeIwenttoone,theguests

werefromFrance,India.DenmarkandNigeria;itwaslikeagatheringattheUnitedNationsinNew

York.Themixislessstriking.It'slikeagatheringatBloomingdale's,awell-knowndepartmentstore.

61.WhatdoesthewriterdislikemostaboutdinnerpartiesinNewYork?

AThereisastrangemixofpeople.B.Therestaurantsareexpensive.

C.Thebillisnotfairlyshared.D.Peoplehavetopaycash

63.Whatistheauthor'sopinionofsomeNewYorkersfromherexperience?

A.Easy-going.B.Self-centred.C.Generous.D.Conservative.

[2012四川卷E篇】Sofar,effortstocutemissions（排放）ofplanet-warminggreenhousegases

arenotseenasenoughtopreventtheEarthheatingupbeyond2℃thiscentury一apointscientists

saywillbringthedangerofachangeableclimateinwhichweatherextremesarecommon,leadingto

drought,floods,cropfailuresandrisingsealevels.

60.WhatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoDaragraphsabouttheworld'stemperature?

A.Ithasrisennearly0.2℃since1979.

B.Itschangewillleadtoweatherextremes.

C.Itis0.8℃higherin1979thanthatof1990.

D.Itneedstobecontrolledwithin2℃inthiscentury.

[2012四川卷A篇]Theseasonschangeiustoutsidethedoor.Wewatchthemaplesturnevery

shadeofyellowandredinthefallandnotethepoplars'（杨树）puttingoutthefirstgreenleavesof

spring.Therainbowsmeltfillsthelocalsteamastheicegraduallydisappears,andthewoodfrogsstart

tosinginpoolsafterbeingfrozenforthewinter.Afamilyofbirdsrulesourskiesandfliesoverthe

lake.

43.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphmean?

A.Thechangeofseasonsiseasilyfelt.

B.Theseasonsmakethesceneschange.

C.Theweatheroftenchangesintheforest.

D.Thedoorisagoodpositiontoenjoychangingseasons.

[2012陕西卷C篇】Theauthorsofbothstudiesstressthattheserisksarerelativelysmallfor

healthypeopleandcertainlymodestcomparedwithotherriskfactorssuchassmokingandhighblood

pressure.However,itisimportanttobeawareofthesedangersbecauseeveryoneisexposedtoair

pollutionregardlessoflifestylechoices,圆stricterregulationbytheEPAofpollutantsmaynotonly

improveenvironmentalairqualitybutcouldalsobecomenecessarytoprotectpublichealth.

55.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?

A.Eatingfattyfoodhasimmediateeffectsonyourheart.

B.TheEPAconductedmanystudiesonairquality.

C.Moderateairqualityismoreharmfulthansmoking,

D.Stricterregulationsonpollutantsshouldbemade.

[2012江西卷D篇】Forthosewhomakejourneysacrosstheworld,thespeedoftraveltodayhas

turnedthecountriesintoaseriesofvillages.Distancesbetweenthemappearnogreatertoamodem

travelerthanthosewhichoncefacedmenastheywalkedfromvillagetovillage.Jetplaneflypeople

fromoneendoftheearthtotheother,allowingthemafreedomofmovementundreamtofahundred

yearsago.

Yetsomepeoplewonderiftherevolutionintravelhasgonetoofar.Apricehasbeenpaid,theysay,

fortheconquest（征月艮）oftimeanddistance.Travelissomethingtobeenjoyed,notendured（忍受）.

Theboatoffersleisureandtimeenoughtoappreciatetheever-changingsightsandsoundsofajourney.

Ajourneybytrainalsohasaspecialchannaboutit.Lakesandforestsandwild,openplainssweeping

pastyourcarriagewindowcreateagrandviewinwhichtimeanddistancemeannothing.Onboarda

plane,however,thereisjusttheblankblueoftheskyfillingthenarrowwindowoftheairplane.The

softlighting,in-flightfilmsandgentlemusicmakeuptheonlyworldyouknow,andthehoursprogress

slowly.

Thenthereisthetimespentbeing“processed“atamodemairport.Peopleareconveyedlike

robotsalongwalkways;baggageisweighed,ticketsproduced,examinedandproducedyetagainbefore

thepassengermoveagaintoanotherwaitingarea.Journeysbyrailandseatakelonger,yes,|but|the

hoursdevotedtobeing"processed“atdepartureandarrivalinairportsareluckilyabsent.Nowonder,

then,thatthemodemhigh-speedtrainsarewinningbackpassengersfromtheairlines.

Man,however,isnowaworldtravelerandcannotturnhisbackontheairplane.Theworking

livesoftoomanypeopledependuponit;wholenewindustrieshavebeenbuiltarounditsdesignand

operation.Theholidaymaker,too,withlimitedtimetospend,patientlyenduresthebusyairportsand

limitedspaceoftheflighttogainthoseextrahoursandevendays,relaxinginthesun.speedcontrols

people'slives;timesaved,inworkorplay,istheimportantthing-orsowearetold.Perhapsthosefirst

horsemen,ridingfreeacrossthewild,openplains,wereenjoyingabetterworldthantheoneweknow

today.Theycouldtravelatwill,andtheclockwasnottheirmaster.

73.AccordingtoParagraphs,passengersareturningbacktomodemhigh-spendtrainsbecause

A.theypaylessfortheticketsB.theyfeelsaferduringthetravel

C.theycanenjoyhigherspeedoftravelD.theydon'thavetowastetimebeing“Droces§ed”

75.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Airtravelbenefitspeopleandindustries.

B.TrainTravelhassomeadvantagesoverairtravel.

C.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmodemtravel.

D.Thehighspeedofairtravelisgainedatacost.

2013阅读吴军暗示点秒杀：备选项高频答案词（17项不到90个单词）

秘诀%leadto(resultin,bringabout,cause)是选项中答案高频暗示词!

【2012浙江卷c篇】

Firstofall,studentsneedtorealizethatconflictisunavoidable.Areportonviolenceamong

middleschoolandhighschoolstudentsindicatesthatmostviolentincidentsbetweenstudentsbegin

witharelativelyminorinsult(侮辱).Forexample,afightcouldstartoverthefactthatonestudenteats

apeanutbuttersandwicheachlunchtime.Laughteroverthesandwichcanleadtoinsults,whichinturn

canleadtoviolence.Theproblemisn'tinthesandwich,butinthewaystudentsdealwiththeconflict.

51.FromParagraph2wecanlearnthat.

A.violenceismorelikelytooccuratlunchtime具体！

B.asmallconflictcanleadtoviolence

C.studentstendtolosetheirtempereasily

D.theeatinghabitofastudentisoftenthecauseofafight具体!

【20H湖北卷D篇】ourowngenerationhasaccesstomorenutritiousfood.moreconvenient

transport.biggerhouses,betterears.andofcourse,morepoundsanddollarsthananywholivedbefore

us.Thiswillcontinueaslongaswetherethingstomakeotherthings,Thismorewespecializeand

exchange,thebetteroffwe'llbe.

2)Brilliantadvances

Onereasonwearericher,healthier,taller,cleverer,longer-livedandfreerthanenerbeforeisthat

thefourmostbasiehumanneeds-food,clothing,fuelandshelter-havegrownalotcheaper.Takeone

example.In1800acandleprovidingonehour'slightcostsixhours'work.Inthe1880sthesamelight

fromanoillamptook15minutes'worktopayfor.In1950itwaseightseconds.Todayit'shalfsecond.

65.Thecandleandlampexampleisusedtoshowthat.

A.oillampsgiveoff*morelightthancandles

B.shorteningworkingtimebringsaboutahappierlife.

C.advancedtechnologyhelpstoproducebettercandles.

D.increasedproductionrateleadstolowercostofgoods.

秘诀io：Control(handle,dealwith)是选项中答案高频暗示词!

【2012天津卷D篇】

Thosewhochoosetobecreatorslookatlifequitedifferently.Theyknowthereareindividuals

whomightliketocontroltheirlives,buttheydon'tletthisgetintheway.Theyknowtheyhavetheir

weaknesses,yettheydon'tblamethemselveswhentheyfail.Whateverhappens,theyhavechoicein

thematter.Theybelievetheirdancewitheachsacred（神圣的）momentoflifeisagiftandthatstorms

areanaturalpartoflifewhichcanbringtherainneededforemotionalandspiritualgrowth.

52.AccordingtoParagraph2,creators.

A.seemwillingtoexperiencefailuresinlifeB.possesstheabilitytopredictfuturelife

C.handleupsanddownsoflifewiselyD.havepotentialtocreatesomethingnew

【2012山东卷D篇】

Lastyear,itwasarefrigeratorthattweeted.Thisyear,it'sWi-Fi-enabledlaundrymachinesand

fridgesthatcantellyouwhenyourgroceriesaregoingbad.

Thewashersanddryers,availablestartinginthespring,connecttoanysmartphonethrougha

downloadableapplication.Thephonecanthenbeusedasaremotecontrol,sothemachinescanbe

turnedonandoffwhiletheirownersisatworkoronthebus.

Samsungsaysit'snotjustsomethingnew—theappconnectionactuallyhassomepracticaluses.

“Ifyoustartedtodryclothesinthemorningandforgottotakethemout,youcangotoyourphone

andrestartyourdryerforthetimewhencomehome,soyourclothesarerefreshedandreadytogo,“

saidspokespersonAmySchmidt.

Thecompanyalsosaysthatwithelectricityrate（电价）varyingdependingonthetimeofday,more

controloverwhenthemachinesareusedcanhelpsavemoney.

Perhaps,butwhattheywillprobablyreallyaccomplishiswhatallgoodtechnologiesdo-enable

laziness.Ratherthangettinguptocheckonwhetherthelaundryisdone,userswillinsteadmonitorit

ontheirphoneswhilewatchingTV.

73.Whatcanwelearnaboutthenewlaundrymachines?

A.Theycantellyouwhenyourclothesneedwashing

B.Theycanbecontrolledwithasmartphone

C.Theyaredifficulttooperate

D.Theyaresoldatalowprice

秘诀12：miss(missing);lose(lost)是选项中答案高频暗示词!

【2011全国新课标卷A篇】

Thereissadlynohomemilkdeliverytoday.Bigcompaniesallowedtheproductionofcheaper

milkthusmakingitdifficultformilkmentocompete（竞争）.Besides,milkisforsaleeverywhere,and

itmayjustnothavebeenpracticedtohaveadeliveryservice.

Recently,anoldmilkboxinthecountrysideIsawbroughtbackmychildhoodmemories.1tookit

homeandplanteditontheback,porch（1］廊）.Everysooftenmyson*sfriendswillaskwhatitis.SoI

starttellingstoriesofmyboyhood,andofthemilkmanwhobroughtusfriendshipalongwithhismilk.

59.Whydidtheauthorbringbackhomeanoldmilkbox?

A.Hemissedthegoodolddays.B.Hewantedtotellinterestingstories.

C.Heneededitforhismilkbottles.D.Heplantedflowersinit.

【2010江西卷A篇】

Andyrodeslowlyonhiswaytoschool,day-dreamingaboutthefishingtripthathisfatherhad

promisedhim.Hewassobusydreamingaboutallthefishhewouldcatchthathewas|unaware|of

everythingelsearoundhim.

Herodealonguntilastrangesounddrewhimtothepresent.Hecametoastopandlooked

curiouslyuptotheheavens.Whathesawshockedandterrifiedhim.Ahugeswarmofbeesfilledthe

skylikeablackcloudandthebuzzingmassseemedtobeheadingangrilytowardshim.

Withnotimetowaste,Andyspedoffintheoppositedirection,ridingfuriously——butwithout

knowinghowtoescapetheswann.Witharapidlybeatingheartandhislegspumpingfuriously,hesped

downtheroughroad.Asthebeescamecloser,hispanicincreased.Andyknewthathewassensitiveto

beestings（蛰）.Thelaststinghadlandedhiminhospital—andthatwasonlyonebeesting!Hehadbeen

forcedtostayinbedfortwowholedays.

56.WhydidAndyfailtonoticetheswarmofbeesearlier?

A.Hewasridingtoschool.

B.Hewaslisteningtoastrangesound.

C.Hewasgoingfishingwithhisfather.

D.Hewaslostinthethoughtofthefishingtrip.

擒贼先擒王:主旨题、写作目的题吴军答题密码

方法一：找中心句

第一段首、末句（一段末出现转折）

二段一句、二句（二段对一段进行总结或否定）

尾段首末句,90%在末句

有汉语标注的地方！

【2012全国新课标卷B篇】

Honey（蜂蜜）fi~omtheAfricanforestisnotonlyakindofnaturalsugar,itisalsodelicious.Most

people,andmanyanimals,likeeatingit.However,theonlywayforthemtogetthathoneyistofinda

wildbees*nest（巢）andtakethehoneyfromit.Often,thesenestsarehighupintrees,anditisdifficult

tofindthem.InpartsofAfrica,though,peopleandanimalslookingforhoneyhaveastrangeand

unexpectedhelper一alittlebirdcalledahoneyguide.

Thehoneyguidedoesnotactuallylikehoney,butitdoeslikethewax（蜂蜡）inthebeehives（蜂

房）.Thelittlebirdcannotreachthiswax,whichisdeepinsidethebees'nest.So,whenitfindsa

suitablenest,itlooksforsomeonetohelpit.Thehoneyguidegivesaloudcrythatattractstheattention

ofbothpassinganimalsandpeople.Onceithastheirattention,itfliesthroughtheforest,waitingfrom

timetotimeforthecuriousanimalorpersonasitleadsthemtothenest.Whentheyfinallyarriveatthe

nest,thefollowerreachesintogetatthedelicioushoneyasthebirdpatientlywaitsandwatches.Some

ofthehoney,andthewax,alwaysfallstotheground,andthisiswhenthehoneyguidetakesitsshare.

63.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.WildBeesB.WaxandHoney

C.BeekeepinginAfricaD.Honey-Lover'sHelper

表转折和因果处:but,yet,however,instead,today,now,Although,so,

therefore,thus,asaresult,because(since,as,for),oneofthereasons

was,Theresultsare

ItwasavillageinIndia.Thepeoplewerepoor.|Howeveij,theywerenotunhappy.Afterall,

theirforefathershadlivedinthesamewayforcenturies.

Thenoneday,somevisitorsfromthecityarrived.Theytoldthevillagersthereweresomepeople

elsewherewholikedtoeatfrog'slegs.However,theydidnothaveenoughfrogsoftheirown,andso

theywantedtobuyfrogsfromotherplaces.

Thisseemedlikemoneyfornothing.Thereweremillionsoffrogsinthefieldsaround,andthey

werenousetothevillagers.Alltheyhadtodowascatchthem.Agreementwasreached,andthe

childrenweresentintothefieldstocatchfrogs.Everyweekatruckarrivedtocollectthecatchand

handoverthemoney.Forthefirsttime,thepeoplewereabletodrcamofabetterfuture.Butthedream

didn'tlastlong.

FromParagragh1welearnthatthevillagers・

A.workedveryhardforcenturiesB.dreamedofhavingabetterlife

C.werepoor|but|somewhatcontentD.livedadifferentlifefromtheirforefathers

【2012全国新课标D篇】

Grown-upsareoftensurprisedbyhowwelltheyremember|somcthingtheylearnedaschildren

|but|haveneverpracticedstillswimaswellaseversince.Amanwhenhegetsbackwhohasnothada

chancetogoswimmingforyearscaninthewater.Hecangetonabicycleaftermanyyearsandstill

rideaway.Hecanplaycatchandhitaballaswellashisson.Amotherwhohasnotthoughtaboutthe

wordsforyearscanteachherdaughterthepoemthatbegins"Twinkle,twinkle,littlestar"。remember

thestoryofCinderellaorGoldilocksandtheThreeBears.

67.Whatisthemainideaofparagraph1?

A.Peoplerememberwell〔whattheyleareed|inchildhood.

B.Childrenhaveabettermemorythangrown-ups.

C.Poemreadingisagoodwaytolearnwords.

D.Storiesforchildrenareeasytoremember.

【2012重庆卷E篇】

Inhis1930essay"EconomicPossibilitiesforOurGrandchildren”,JohnKeynes,economist,

rewrotethathumanneedsfallintotwoclasses:absoluteneeds,whichareindeedwhatotherhave,and

relativeneeds,whichmakeusfeelsuperiortoourfellows.Hethought|although|re