高考英语阅读理解和任务型阅读综合练习

高考英语阅读理解和任务型阅读综合练

-阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A

Arecentsurveyofteachersfoundthatanunhealthy

passionwithcelebritycultureishavinganegativeimpact

onBritishstudentsJstudiesanditdiscoveredthat

celebritycouple,theBeckhams,arethefavoritesamong

moststudents.Manystudentsareignoringbuildingtheir

owncareerstoseekachanceatfameinstead,the

AssociationofTeachersandLecturers(ATL)surveyfound.

Almosttwo-thirdsofteacherssaidsportsstarswerethetypeofcelebritymany

pupilswantedtofollowwhilemorethanhalfofstudentswantedtobepopstars.

ThesurveysaidthecelebritiesthatstudentsaspiredtomostlywereDavidand

VictoriaBeckhamwholiveinLosAngelesnow.SoccerplayerBeckhamisonthetop

ofthesurveywhileinsecondplace,withalmostathirdofthesurvey'svotes,

washis33-year-oldpopstarwife.

Almosthalfofthe300teacherssurveyedsaidpupilstriedtolooklikeorbehave

likethecelebritiestheymostadmired,withsomegirlsevendressing"unsuitably".

〃Wearenotsurprisedabouttheinfluenceofcelebritycultureinschools一it

reflectsthecurrentmediapassionwithcelebritiesandtheeffectofcelebrity

cultureonsocietyasawhole,〃ATLgeneralsecretaryMaryBoustedsaidina

statement.

,"Celebritiescanhaveapositiveeffectonpupils.Theycanraisepupils'

aspirationsanddesiresforthefuture.However,celebrityculturecanspreadthe

ideathatcelebritystatusisthegreatestachievementandreinforcethebeliefthat

othercareerchoicesarenotasvaluable,saidoneprimaryschoolteacher."Too

manyofthepupilsbelievethatschoolsuccessisunnecessary,becausetheywill

beabletogetfameandfortunequiteeasilythrougharealityTVshow.〃

1.Thestorymainlytellsusthat.

A.theBeckhamsaremostlyadmiredinBritain

B.moststudentsthinkthatbeingpopstarsismorevaluablethanothercareer

achievements

C.thecelebritypassionhasaharmfulimpactuponBritishstudents'studies

D.asurveywasmaderecentlyaboutthepopularityofthestars

2.Accordingtothesurvey,VictoriaBeckham_____.

A.isapopstarmoststudentsadmire

B.goesinthesecondplaceofthecelebritiesadmired

C.wontwo-thirdsofthevotes

D.livesinNewYorknow

3.Whydoestheauthormentionthatpupilstriedtolooklikeorbehavelikethe

celebritiestheymostadmired,withsomegirlsevendressing“unsuitably”?

A.Thepupilsthinkitinterestingtopretendtobethecelebrities.

B.Thebehaviororthedressofcelebritiescanbefollowedasexamples.

C.Theauthorwantstoshowthenegativeinfluencethesecelebritieshadonthe

students.

D.Theauthorjustwantstoshowbeingpopstarsisveryvaluabletothestudents.

4.WhatisnotTRUEaccordingtothestory?

A.Celebritiescan,thavepositiveimpactonthestudents.

B.BeckhamandVictoriaarehusbandandwife.

C.Theso-calledcelebrityculturedoesharmtothepupils'ideasabout

achievement.

D.Manystudentsbelievethatschoolsuccessisunnecessary.

5.Thebesttitleofthestoryis.

A.SportsStarDavidBeckham

B.SurveyofStudentsaboutCelebrities

C.HarmfulEffectofCelebritiesonStudents

D.BettertoBePopStarsThanSportsStars

B

Pierreisa25-year-oldpenguinattheCaliforniaAcademyofSciences.Dueto

hisoldage,hewasgoingbald,whichmadehimfeeltoocoldtoswiminthepool.

Therefore,biologistsattheacademyhadawetsuitcreatedforthispenguintohelp

himgetbackintheswimmingpool.

Unlikemarinemammals,whichhavealayerofblubbertokeepthemwarm,penguins

dependontheirwaterprooffeathers.Withoutthem,Pierrewasunwillingtojumpinto

theswimmingpoolandendeduptremblingonthesideofthepoolwhilehis19peers

playedinthewater.

，zIlewascold;hewouldshake,〃saidPamSchaller,aseniorbiologist.Schaller

firsttriedaheatlamptokeepPierrewarm.Thenshegotanotheridea:ifwetsuits

keephumanswarminthecoldPacific,whynotmakeoneforPierre?

Schallerdesignedthesuit,whichcovered

Pierre'sbodyandhadsmallopeningsforhis

flippers.

〃Iwouldwalkbehindhimandlookatwhere

therewereanygaps,andcutandrefitandcutand

refituntilitlookedlikeitwasextremelysuitable,shesaid.

OneconcernwasthattheotherpenguinswouldrejectPierreinhisnewsuit,

butinfact,theyacceptedhisnewlook.Heswamfreelyandgotalongwithothers

well,althoughhewastheonlypenguinwithablackstomach.

Schallercouldn,tsayforsurewhetherthewetsuitallowedPierretorecover

hisfinefeathers,but^certainlywewereabletokeephimcomfortableduringaperiod

oftimethatwouldhavebeenverydifficultforhimtostaycomfortable”.

Pierrewilltakeoffhissuitafterhisnewfeathersgrowback.

6.Pierrefelttoocoldtoswiminthepoolbecauseof.

A.nothavingalayerofblubberB.havingfewfeathersduetooldage

C.havingnowetsuitD.otherspenguinsrejectinghim

7.TheideaofmakingawetsuitforPierrecamefrom.

A.totalinventionB.theuseofwetsuitonhumans

C.theuseofheatlampD.waterprooffeathers

8.SchallerfollowedPierreinordertosee___.

A.whetherotherpenguinswouldrejecthim

B.ifanywhereofwetsuitneededtobecutandrefit

C.ifthewetsuitkeptwarm

D.whetherthewetsuitwouldkeepthefeathersfromrecovering

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinthesecondparagraphmean?

A.feelingscaredB.stayingaloneC.shakingwithcoldD.keepingwarm

10.Thebesttitleofthepassageis

A.WetsuitforAnOldPenguinB.OldPenguinGettingBald

C.UnwillingtoSwimD.StrangeLookofPierre

C

Lego,theinventorofthosecolorfulbricksthathaveinspiredkids

imaginationsworld-wide,hascelebratedits50thanniversary.

OnJanuary28,1958,amannamedGodtfredKirkChristiansencreatedtheplastic

buiIdingbricksthatcannowbefoundinalmosteverychild,stoybox.Thesimple

buildingblockhasbecomeoneofthemostwell-knownandpopulartoysaroundthe

world.

“TheLegobrickcontinuestobeveryattractive,becauseitallowschildren,

andothers,todeveloptheircreativityandimagination,saidCharlotteSimonsen,

aspokeswomanoftheDanishLegocompany.

Thecompanysbuildingbrickallowsan

infinitenumberoflinks.Withjusttwobricksthere

are24differentlinks,andwithsix,thereare

915millionpossibilities,accordingto

Lego.

Ahalf-centuryafteritscreation,morethan400millionchiIdrenandadults

spendfivebillionhoursayearputtingthebrickstogetherandpullingthemapart.

Also,thebricksmadetodaycanstillinterlockwiththosemadein1958.

Legobricksarenotjustchild,splay:theyalsoattracttheinterestofadults.

SouthKoreanadventurer,HeoYoung-Ho,whoclimbedMountEverestin1987,lefta

Legotoybehindinthesnowduringhisclimb.

AfteritsgreatsuccessLegoexperiencedaseverecrisisattheendofthe1990s,

hithardbyfiercecompetitionfromelectronicgames.Thisso-called"Toyofthe

Century"thensufferedadarkperiodthatlastedseveralyears.

Withgreatefforts,thecompanybegantoprosperagain,andin2006itearned

about1.5billiondollarsin130countries.SevenboxesofLegoarenowsoldevery

secondaroundtheworld,and19billionbricksareproducedeachyear:enoughto

encircletheEarthfivetimes!

11.TheLegobrickshaveremainedpopularinthepast50yearsasaresultof.

A.attractingmanychildrenworldwideB.broughtimaginationtothechildren

worldwide

C.makingthechildrenandevenadultsworldwidecreativeandimaginative

D.havinginfinitelinksthatbringmanyimagination

12.TheauthorgavetheexampleofSouthKoreanadventurerHeoYoung-Hoinorder

toprovethat.

A.HeoYoun-HoalsolovedplayingLegobricks

B.theLegobricksmadehimamountainclimber

C.theLegobricksnotonlyinterestchildrenbutalsoadults

D.theLegobricksareamustwhenongoesonanadventure

13.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat.

A.thereare915differentlinkswithjust6bricks

B.theLegoBricksCompanyhasmadealotofmoneyfromthepeopleworldwide

C.theLegoBrickscan'tcomparewithcomputergames

D.thebricksmadetodaydon'tchangemuchcomparedwiththosemadein1958

14.Theunderlinedword“hit"intheseventhparagraphmeans.

A.defeatedinafightoracompetition

B.haveacrashinanaccidentorafight

C.getknownthroughasong

D.attacksomebodyinafight

15.Themainideaofthestoryisthat

A.Legobricks:brilliantpastandstrugglingfuture

B.Legobricks:anattractionofbothchildrenandadults

C.Legobricks:makingcreativityandimagination

D.Legobricks:makingbillionsofmoneyeveryyear

D

Therearetwotypesofpeopleintheworld.Althoughtheyhaveequaldegreeof

healthandwealthandothercomfortsoflife,onebecomeshappyandtheotherbecomes

unhappy.Thisarisesfromthedifferentwaysinwhichtheyconsiderthings,persons,

eventsandtheresultingeffectsupontheirminds.

Peoplewhoaretobehappyfixtheirattentionontheconvenienceofthings:

thepleasantpartsofconversation,thewellprepareddishes,thegoodnessofthe

wineandthefineweather.Theyenjoyallthecheerfulthings.Thosewhoaretobe

unhappythinkandspeakonlyoftheoppositethings.Therefore,theyarecontinually

dissatisfied.Bytheirremarks,theysourthepleasureofsociety,offend（hurt）many

people,andmakethemselvesdisagreeableeverywhere.Ifthisturnofmindwasfounded

innature,suchunhappypersonswouldbethemoretobepitied.Theintentionof

criticizing（批评）andbeingdislikedisperhapstakenupbyimitation（模仿）.It

growsintoahabit,unknowntoitspossessors.Thehabitmaybestrong,butitmay

becuredwhenthosewhohaveitrealizeitsbadeffectsontheirinterestsandtastes.

Ihopethislittlewarningmaybeofservicetothem,andhelpthemchangethishabit.

Althoughinfactitischieflyanactoftheimagination,ithasseriousresults

inlifesinceitbringsondeepsorrowandbadluck.Thosepeopleoffendmanyothers;

nobodylovesthem,andnoonetreatsthemwithmorethanthemostcommonpoliteness

andrespect.Thisfrequentlyputstheminbadtemperanddrawsthemintoarguments.

Iftheyaimatgettingsomeadvantagesinsocialpositionorfortune,nobodywishes

themsuccess.Norwillanyonestartasteporspeakawordtofavortheirhopes.

Iftheybringonthemselvespublicobjections,noonewilldefendorexcusethem,

andmanywilljointocriticizetheirwrongdoings.Theseshouldchangethisbadhabit

andbepleasedwithwhatispleasing,withoutworryingneedlesslyaboutthemselves

andothers.Iftheydonot,itwillbegoodforotherstoavoidanycontact（接触）

withthem.Otherwise,itcanbedisagreeableandsometimesveryinconvenient,

especiallywhenonebecomesmixedupintheirquarrels.

16.Peoplewhoareunhappy.

A.alwaysconsiderthingsdifferentlyfromothers

B.usuallyareaffectedbytheresultsofcertainthings

C.usuallymisunderstandwhatothersthinkorsay

D.alwaysdiscovertheunpleasantsideofcertainthings

17.Thephrase“sourthepleasureofsociety,,mostnearlymeans"_______”.

A.haveagoodtastewithsociallifeB.makeothersunhappy

C.tendsoscoldothersopenlyI）,enjoythepleasureoflife

18.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat_______.

A.weshouldpityallsuchunhappypeople

B.suchunhappypeoplearedangeroustosociallife

C.peoplecangetridofthehabitofunhappiness

D.unhappypeoplecannotunderstandhappypersons

19.Ifsuchunhappypersonsinsistonkeepingthehabit,theauthorsuggeststhat

peopleshould.

A.preventanycommunicationwiththem

B.shownorespectandpolitenesstothem

C.persuadethemtorecognizethebadeffects

D.quarrelwiththemuntiltheyrealizethemistakes

20.Inthispassage,thewritermainly.

A.describestwotypesofpeople

B.laughsattheunhappypeople

C.suggeststheunhappypeopleshouldgetridofthehabitsofunhappiness

D.tellspeoplehowtobehappyinlife

二任务型阅读

请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单

词。注意：请将答案写在答题纸上。

Inadditiontoself-awareness,imagination,andconscience,itisthefourth

quality-independentwill-thatreallymakeseffectiveself-managementpossible.

Itistheabilitytomakedecisionsandchoicesandtoactinagreementwiththem.

Itistheabilitytoactratherthantobeactedupon,toactivelycarryoutthe

programwehavedevelopedthroughtheotherthreequalities.

Thehumanwillisanamazingthing.Timeaftertime,ithasovercomeunbelievable

difficulties.TheHelenKellersofthisworldgivedramatic（给人深刻印象的）

evidencetothevalue,thepoweroftheindependentwill.

Butasweexaminethisqualityinthecontextofeffectiveseif-management,we

realizeit'susuallynotthedramatic,thevisible,theonce-in-a-lifetime,

up-by-the-bootstraps（自立自强的）effortthatbringslastingsuccess.Thisspecial

abilitycomesfromlearninghowtousethisgreatqualityinthedecisionswemake

everyday.

Thedegreetowhichwehavedevelopedourindependentwillinoureverydaylives

ismeasuredbyourpersonalhonesty.Honestyis,fundamentally,thevalueweplace

onourselves.It'sourabilitytomakeandkeeppromisestoourselves,to“walk

ourtalk.”

Effectivemanagementisputtingfirstthingsfirst.Whileleadershipdecideswhat

“firstthings“are,itismanagementthatputsthemfirst,day-by-day,

moment-by-moment.Managementisdiscipline（trainingtobeself-controlled）,

carryingitout.

Disciplineobtainsfrombelief—beliefinasetofvalues,beliefinan

overriding（最主要的）purpose,toalong-termorshorttermgoalthatmustbecarried

out.

Inotherwords,ifyouareaneffectivemanagerofyourself,yourdiscipline

comesfromwithin;itisafunctionofyourindependentwill.Youareafollower

ofyourowndeepvaluesandtheirsource.Andyouhavethewill,thequalitytocontrol

yourfeelingsandmoodsratherthandependonothersorhaveyourworkhalfdone.

TitleThepowerofindependentwill

ThemeIndependentwillmakesself-management(1)______.

•Theexamplegivento(2)______powerofindependentwill

isamazing.

•Powerofindependentwillhelpstomakeone's(3)

Reasonseveryday.

,(4)_______isveryimportanttodevelopourindependent

will.

•tI'sourabilitytohaveourpromisesmadeand(5)______.

•Effectivemanagersshouldknow(6)______shouldbedone

first.

Suggestions

•Effectivemanagerswithdisciplineshould(7)______to

theirpromises.

•You(9)______yourdeepvalues.

(8)_____

,Yourfeelingsandmoodsareabletobe(10)______.

-阅读理解

A【阅读提示】英国公布的一项针对教师的调查发现，英国学生对明星的过度痴迷影响到了

他们的学业。调查还发现，“小贝”夫妇是英国学生最崇拜的明星。

1.B主旨大意题。通览全篇可知本文讲述了英国学生追星的情况，他们陷入了一个价值观

的误区：学业的成就算不得成功，成为明星才算成功。

2.B细节理解题。文章第三段说：SoccerplayerBeckhamisonthetopofthesurvey

whileinsecondplace,withalmostathirdofthesurvey,svotes,washis

33-year-oIdpopstarwife,由此可知B项正确。

3.C推理判断题。作者列举追星学生模仿明星行为习惯或着装的目的是为了说明追星对他

们的行为和价值观养成的负面影响。

4.A细节理解题。文章第六段说明了追星也有正面影响一一给学生以激励，让他们对自

己的未来满怀憧憬。

5.C主旨大意题。用排除法可知A、B、D项概括得较为片面，只有C项全面一一追星带给

学生的负血影响。

B【阅读提示】人们印象中，企鹅应该不怕冷。而生活在美国加利福尼亚州旧金山加州科学

院水族馆的一只斑嘴环企鹅，由于羽毛脱落而无法忍受冰冷的池水。为此，加州科学

院研究人员特地为这只企鹅穿上“防寒服”，让它能够与同伴一样在水中游泳嬉戏。

6.B细节理解题。文章第一段说明「Pierre怕冷的原因：Duetohisoldage,hewasgoing

bald,whichmadehimfeeltoocoldtoswiminthepool.

7.B细节理解题。文章第三段讲述了Pam想出这个办法的过程:Thenshegotanotheridea:

ifwetsuitskeephumanswarminthecoldPacific,whynotmakeoneforPierre?

8.B细节理解题。文章第五段说明了Pam跟踪Pierre的原因：Iwouldwalkbehindhim

andlookatwheretherewereanygaps,andcutandrefitandcutandrefit

untilitlookedlikeitwasextremelysuitable。

9.D词义考查题。tremble意为“颤抖，哆嗦”。

10.A主旨大意题。全篇讲述的是生物学家给一只老企鹅做保暖夹克，帮它重返泳池的故

事。因此A项正确。

C【阅读提示】随着科技的迅猛发展，电子游戏开始成为二十一世纪主流娱乐休闲方式之一,

然而，传统玩具“乐高”彩色积木却顽强地抵御住了来自电子游戏的竞争。

日前，丹麦“乐高”公司为这种传统玩具迎来了五十周年庆典。

11.C细节理解题。从文章第二段可知itallowschildren,andothers,todeveloptheir

creativityandimagination,因此选C。

12.C推理判断题。作者在第六段为了证实“乐高”积木老少皆宜的事实，引用了韩国登

山家He。Young-Ho也喜爱玩"乐高"积木的例子。

13.D推理判断题。文章第五段说thebricksmadetodaycanstillinterlockwiththose

madein1958,从中可以推断五十年过去了，“乐高”积木的风格没有多大的变化。

这或许是它的持久魅力所在吧。

14.A词义考查题。hit在本文中的意思为“失败，输给对手”。

15.A主旨大意题。本文介绍了“乐高”积木五十年的辉煌历史，但面对电脑游戏的激烈

竞争，“乐高”还有很艰难的路要走

D【答案与解析】生活中有些人拥有相等的健康、财富和生活条件，但由于考虑事情、人物、

事件的角度不同，一些人感到幸福，而另一些人则感到不幸福。由于这些不幸福的人处

处冒犯别人，其结果只能是处于被孤立的境地。

16.Do判断题。从第2段第4句话Thosewhoaretobeunhappythinkandspeakonly

oftheoppositethings可以看出另一些人为什么感到不幸福的原因。

17.Bo词义猜测题。从该短语后的…offend（hurt）manypeople,andmakethemselves

disagreeableeverywhere可以猜出“sourthepleasureofsociety”的正确含义。

18.Co判断题。从第2段中倒数第2句话Thehabitmaybestrong,butitmaybecured

可以判断出人们可以改变不幸福的脾性。

19.Ao判断题。从第3段中的倒数第2句话Iftheydonot（changethisbadhabit）,

itwillbegoodforotherstoavoidanycontact（接触）withthem可以看出作者

的态度。

20.Co主旨题。本文主要讲的是那些感觉不幸福的人处处冒犯别人，若长期以往，则只能

处于被孤立的境地，所以他们应改变自己的习惯。

二任务型阅读

1.effective2.prove/show/indicate3.decisions4.Honesty5.kept

6.what7.stick8.Conclusions9.follow10.controlled

一阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A

Technologyistheapplication（应用）ofknowledgetoproduction.Thankstomodern

technology,wehavebeenabletoincreasegreatlytheefficiencyofourworkforce.

Newmachinesandnewmethodshavehelpedcutdowntimeandexpensewhileincreasing

overalloutput.Thishasmeantmoreproductionandahigherstandardofliving.For

mostofusinAmerica,moderntechnologyisthoughtofasthereasonwhywecanhave

carsandtelevisionsets.However,technologyhasalsoincreasedtheamountoffood

availabletous,bymeansofmodernfarmingmachineryandanimalbreedingtechniques,

andhasextendedourlifespanvia（通过）medicaltechnology.

Willmankindcontinuetolivelongerandhaveahigherqualityoflife?Inlarge

measuretheanswerdependsontechnologyandourabilitytouseitwidely.Ifwe

keepmakingprogressaswehaveoverthepastfiftyyears,theanswerisdefinitely

yes.Theadvancementoftechnologydependsuponresearchanddevelopment,andthe

lateststatistics（统计）showthattheUnitedStatesiscontinuingtopumpbillions

ofdollarsannually（每年）intosuchefforts.Sowhilewearerunningoutofsome

scarceresources（少的资源）wemaywellfindtechnologicalsubstitutes（代用品）for

manyofthemthroughourresearchprograms.

Therefore,inthefinalanalysisthethreemajorfactorsofproduction（land,

laborandcapital）areallinfluencedbytechnology.Whenweneednewskills,on

techniquesinmedicine,peoplewillstartdevelopingnewtechnologytomeetthose

needs.Asequipmentprovestobesloworinefficient,newmachineswillbeinvented.

Technologyrespondstoourneedsinhelpingusmaintainourstandardofliving.

1.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.ThedefinitionoftechnologyB.Moderntechnology

C.TheapplicationoftechnologyD.Thedevelopmentoftechnology

2.Whichisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Moderntechnologyisthekeytotheimprovementofstandardofliving.

B.Thethreemajorfactorsofproduction（land,laborandcapital）areall

influencedbytechnology.

C.Technologyistheresponsetoourneeds.

D.TheUnitedStatesismakinggreateffortstoadvanceitstechnology.

3.Accordingtothepassage,peoplecanlivealonglifewiththehelpof.

A.higherqualityoflifeB.medicaltechnology

C.modernfarmingmachineryD.technologicalsubstitute

B

Spacetravelisdefinitelybadforastronauts?bones,reducingtheirbone

density（密度）afteronlyamonthofweightlessness,accordingtoFrenchresearch

publishedonFriday.

LaurenceVicoandhisfellowworkersatStEtienneUniversitycalledformore

researchintotheeffectsofmicrogravity,aftertheirstudyof15astronautsfrom

theRussianMIRstationshowedbonelosscontinuedthroughoutspaceflights.

“Bonelosswasespeciallystrikinginfourastronauts,“thescientists

reportedintheLancetMedicalJournal.

Theymeasuredthebonemineraldensity（BMD）ofbonesintheforearmand

lowerlegoftheastronautswhohadspentonetosixmonthsinspace.

TheBMDlosswassignificantinthetibia（胫骨）ofthelowerleg,a

weight-bearingbone,butbarelychangedintheradius（槎骨）oftheforearm."Our

resultsindicatetheneedtoinvestigatenotonlydifferentbones,butalsodifferent

areasofthesamebonesincenotallsitesoftheskeleton（骨架）aresimilarly

affectedbyspaceconditions,“theyadded.

Withoutgravitythebodyisn'tbearinganyweightsothereisnoneedforcalcium

（钙）whichmakesbonesstrong,anditbecomesemptyintothebloodstream.

Theresearchteamsuggestedinfuturescientistsshouldtrytodetermineifthe

lossofbonedensitywasonlyonweight-bearingbonesonlongerflights,alsothe

possiblerecoveryafterreturningtoEarth.

4.FrenchscientistsdidtheirresearchonRussianastronauts,because.

A.theyonlycaredfortheRussianastronauts

B.theywerenotinterestedintheirownastronauts

C.theRussiangovernmentinvitedthemtodotheirresearch

D.theRussianastronautsworkedinspaceforalongtime

5.Scientistshavefoundthat

A.theBMDlossmaycauseseriousillnesstoastronauts

B.theBMDlossmaycausesomechangeinastronauts'bodies

C.astronautsshouldn,tcareabouttheBMDloss

D.astronautsshouldtakesomecalciumbeforespacetravel

6.WhatcausetheBMDlosstoastronauts,accordingtothispassage?

A.Thefoodtheyeatinspace.B.Thedrinkstheytakeinspace.

C.Thetemperatureinspace.D.Thegravityinspace.

7.Inthethirdparagraph,theword“striking“means______.

A.unusualB.simpleC.weakD.slow

C

Somespidershuntontheground,othersbuildwebstotraptheirfood,butthe

grasswaterspidercatchesitspreybyrunningalongthesurfaceofthewater.

Thisspecialwaterspiderlivesonthegrassybanksofstreamswheremosquitoes,

damselfliesandotherinsectscometofeedandbreed.

AlthoughitisoneofthelargestspidersinNewZealand,ithasanunusual

ability.Itdoesn'tdisturbthewaterasitwaitsforitsmeal,andthereisbarely

aripple（波纹）whenitskims（掠过）acrossthesurfaceatlightningspeedtocatch

itsprey.

Grasswaterspidersdealswiftlywithlargerinsectslikedamselfliesbypulling

theirheadsunderthewaterandholdingthemthereuntiltheydrown.

Afterameal,thegrasswaterspiderspendsuptohalfanhourgrooming（修饰）

itself.Itwipesitseighteyes,brushesitsantennae（触角），andtakesspecialcare

tocleanthehairsonitsbody.

Itisthehairsthattraptinybubbles（泡沫）ofairsothatthespidercanrun

downablade（叶片）ofgrassandstayunderwaterforuptoanhourwhenitisfrightened.

Thehairsalsokeepthespiderdry,evenunderwater.

Itisonlywhenthefemalespideriscaringfortheyoungthatshedoesnothunt

onthewater.Aftermating,sheproducesalargeeggsac（囊），whichshecarriesaround

forfiveweeks.Oncetheeggsstarttohatch,sheattachesthesactosomeb