山西省吕梁市2021-2022学年高一英语下学期期末试题（解析版）

山西省吕梁市2021-2022学年高一英语下学期期末试题

（本试题满分150分，考试时间120分钟）

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转

涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选

项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅

读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1.Whatisthatforcecalled?

A.Thepowerofwind.B.Electricitypower.C.Gravity.

2.Whatisthewomandoing?

A.Waitingtheman.B.Changingclothes.C.Typingapaper.

3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?

A.Englishlearning.B.Astudent.C.Aclass.

4Whatdoweknowfromtheconversation?

A.Alltheinformationonlineisfalse.

B.Themandoesn,tknowthecomputeratall.

C.Thewomaniscautiouswhenshoppingonline.

5.Whatdoesthemanmean?

A.HewillwatchTV.

B.Hehastoleaveearly.

C.Hewillhelpmakedinner.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项

中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个

小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。

6.Whatissaidaboutmedicaldevelopmentinthefuture?

A.Healthcarewillbefree.

B.Cancermaybecured.

C.AIDSwilldisappear.

7.Whatwillmakedistantplacesmorepopularforaholiday?

A.Lowercostforairtravel.

B.Fasterairtransport.

C.Betterairservice.

8.Whatisthetopicofthisinterview?

A.Futurewaysoftraveling.

B.Medicalprogressinthefuture.

C.Changesoflifeinthenextdecade.

听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。

9.Whatdoesthegirlwantherfathertobuy?

A.Aruler.B.High-techthings.C.Pencilsanderasers.

10.Whichofthefollowingdoesthefatherconsiderbuyingforhisdaughter?

A.AnMP3player.B.Acomputer.C.Acalculator.

11.Whichofthefollowingcouldbeareasonforherfathertobuywhatshewants?

A.Shevolunteerstousesomeofherownmoney.

B.Sheasksherfathertobuyacheaponeonline.

C.Shetellsherfathersheisthebestinschool.

听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。

12.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?

A.Atashop.B.Atabookstore.C.Atareadingroom.

13.Whatdoweknowaboutthebookthemanwouldlike?

A.ItisfullofinventedstoriesabouttheIndustrialRevolution.

B.Itdoesn,thavethenumberofISBN.

C.Itwaspublishedintheearly1980s.

14.Whatadvicedoesthewomangivetheman?

A.Readingonline.

B.Borrowingfromfriends.

C.Tryinganoldbookstore.

听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。

15.WhatisGaryDanko?

A.Thenameofarestaurant.

B.Thenameofaspecialdish.

C.ThenameofthewomanJshusband.

16.WhatdoweknowaboutthewomanJshusband?

A.Heisawaiter.B.Heisavegetarian.C.Heoftencooksathome.

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17.Whatdoesn,tthemaneat?

A.Meat.B.Vegetables.C.Desserts.

听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。

18.What'sthespeakertalkingabout?

A.ThelifeofStephenHarwking.

B.ThekeytoStephenHarwking'ssuccess.

C.TheeducationofStephenHawking.

19.WhendidHawkinggotoOxford?

A.In1943.B.In1953.C.In1956.

20.Whichofthefollowingbookswaspublishedin2001?

A.ABriefHistoryofTime.

B.BlackHoles.

C.TheUniverseinaNutshell.

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Music

OperaatMusicHall:1243ElmStreet.TheseasonrunsJunethroughAugust,with

additionalperformancesinMarchandSeptember.TheOperahonorsEnjoytheArts

membershipdiscounts.Phone:241-2742.http:〃www.cityopera,com.

ChamberOrchestra:TheOrchestraplaysatMemorialHallat1406ElmStreet,

whichoffersseveralconcertsfromMarchthroughJune.Call723-1182formore

information.http://www,chamberorch.COOL

SymphonyOrchestra:AtMusicHallandRiverbend.Forticketsales,call381-3300.

RegularseasonrunsSeptemberthroughMayatMusicHallandinsummeratRiverbend.

http:〃www.symphony,org/home.asp.

CollegeConservatoryofMusic（CCM）:Performancesareonthemaincampusof

theuniversity,usuallyatPatriciaCobbettTheater.CCMorganizesavarietyof

events,includingperformancesbythewell-knownLaSalleQuartet,CCM's

PhilharmonicOrchestra,andvariousgroupsofmusicianspresentingBaroquethrough

modernmusic.StudentswithI.D.cardscanattendtheeventsforfree.Afreeschedule

ofeventsforeachtermisavailablebycallingtheboxofficeat556-4183.

http:〃www.ccm.uc.edu/events/calendar.

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RiverbendMusicTheater:6295KelloggAve.Largeoutdoortheaterwiththe

closestseatsundercover(pricedifference).Bignameshowsallsummerlong!Phone:

232-6220.http:〃www.riverbendmusic,com.

1.Whichwebsiteshouldyouvisitifyouwanttoseeanopera?

A.http:〃www.riverbendmusic,com.B.

http://www.symphony,org/home.asp.

C.http:〃www.cityopera,com.D.http:〃www.chamberorch.com.

2.WherecanstudentsgoforfreeperformanceswiththeirI.D.cards?

A.PatriciaCobbettTheater.B.MemorialHall.

C.MusicHall.D.RiverbendMusicTheater.

3.HowisRiverbendMusicTheaterdifferentfromtheotherplaces?

A.Itgivesshowsallyearround.B.Itoffersseatsintheopenair.

C.Ithasmembershipdiscounts.D.Itpresentsonlymusicalworks.

【答案】1.C2.A3.B

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章对五个网站上的歌剧及管弦乐等乐曲作品的演出时间，内容

及购票等细节做了介绍。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段uOperaatMusicHall:1243ElmStreet.TheseasonrunsJune

throughAugust,withadditionalperformancesinMarchandSeptember.TheOpera

honorsEnjoytheArtsmembershipdiscounts.Phone:241-2742.

http:〃www.cityopera,com.（音乐厅歌剧：榆树街1243号。从6月持续到8月，在3月和

9月有额外的演出。歌剧荣誉劭坊e享受会员折扣。电话：241-2742o

http://www.cityopera.com）,,可知，如果你想看歌剧,应该去http://www.cityopera,com。

故选C

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四则信息CollegeConservatoryofMusic（CCM）中的首句

uPerformancesareonthemaincampusoftheuniversity,usuallyatPatriciaCobbett

Theater.（演出在大学的主校区，通常在帕特丽夏•科贝特剧院）”以及下文中的“Students

withID.cardscanattendtheeventsforfree.（持身份证的学生可以免费参加活动）”

可知，学生可以凭身份证去PatriciaCobbettTheater免费看演出。故选A。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据第五则信息RiverbendMusicTheater中uLargeoutdoortheaterwith

theclosestseatsundercover（pricedifference）.（大型室外剧院,提供最接近的座位

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（价格差异））”和对比其他信息可知,只有RiverbendMusicTheater是室外剧院,有提

供露天座位。因此，RiverbendMusicTheater和其他地方不同的是它有露天座位。故选B。

B

OnFebruary5,2022,ChinaclaimeditsfirstgoldattheBeijing2022Olympic

WinterGamesinthe2000mmixedteamrelayofshorttrackspeedskating.TheChinese

quartet（四人组）ofFanKexin,QuChunyu,RenZiweiandWuDajingstormedtoa

thrillingvictoryattheBeijingWinterOlympicsin2:37.348.Italytookthesilver

andHungarybaggedthebronze.

Accordingtotherules,eachteamismadeupoftwomenandtwowomen,andeach

offourskaterscoversfourandahalflapsinthe2000-meterrace.Olympicsilver

medalistFanskatedthefirstlegofthefinalrace,buttheracewasrestartedas

CanadianandHungarianathletesfelldownsoonafterthestartingpistol（发令枪）

wasfired.

Astheracestartedagain,Fanfinishedthefirstleginthird,andherteammates

camefrombehindtoleadtherace.Inthelasttenlaps,Chinasteadilyextended

theadvantage,whileskatersfromCanadaandHungarycollided（相撞）.TheItalians

finished0.016secondsbehindChina,almostcutthedeficit.PowerhousesSouthKorea

andtheNetherlandswerepenalizedandknockedoutfromthefinal.

'Tvebeenwaitingforthisgoldmedalforalongtime.Ialwaysbelievein

ourteamandmyteammates,“saidFanwithtearsrollingdownherfaceafterthe

competition."We'vebeentraininghardeveryday,andwecanevenfeelbloodin

ourthroatwhenwesteppedoutoftherink.Wemadeit!”Thevictorysolidifies

China,sdominanceinshort-trackspeedskating.Wusaid,uOurshorttrackteam

isabigfamily.Wenevergiveupandalwaysgoalloutforeveryopportunityto

win.”

4.Whatisthepurposeofparagraph1?

A.Toexplaintherulesofthespeedskatingevent.

B.Tointroducespeedskatersfromdifferentcountries.

C.Toshowtheresultoftheshort-trackspeedskatingrace.

D.TostresstheimportanceoftheChineseteam'svictory.

5.Whywasthemixed2000mrelayracerestarted?

A.Twoathletesfelldownaccidentallyinthefinalrace.

B.Thestartingpistolwasfiredatthewrongtime.

C.Someplayersbroketherulesinthecompetition.

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D.Theskatingtrackwasnotingoodcondition.

6.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“cutthedeficit“probablymeaninparagraph3?

A.Scoredthesame.B.Broketherecord.

C.Losttherace.D.Missedthematch.

7.Whatcanwelearnfromtheshorttrackteam'ssuccess?

A.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.B.Wellbegun,halfdone.

C.Eachcoinhastwosides.D.Godhelpsthosewhohelp

themselves.

【答案】4.C5.A6.A7.D

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是中国在北京2022年冬奥会短道速滑2000米混合

团体接力比赛中摘得首金的事情。

【4题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段“OnFebruary5,2022,Chinaclaimeditsfirstgoldatthe

Beijing2022OlympicWinterGainesinthe2000mmixedteamrelayofshorttrackspeed

skating.TheChinesequartetofFanKexin,QuChunyu,RenZiweiandWuDajingstormed

toathrillingvictoryattheBeijingWinterOlympicsin2:37.348.Italytookthe

silverandHungarybaggedthebronze.（2022年2月5日，中国在北京2022年冬奥会短

道速滑2000米混合团体接力比赛中摘得首金。在北京冬奥会上，范可欣、曲春雨、任子威

和武大靖四人组合以2分37秒348的成绩取得了惊心动魄的胜利。意大利获得银牌，匈牙

利获得铜牌）”可知，第一段的目的是展示短道速滑比赛的结果。故选C。

【5题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段的“OlympicsilvermedalistFanskatedthefirstlegofthe

finalrace,buttheracewasrestartedasCanadianandHungarianathletesfelldown

soonafterthestartingpistol（发令枪）wasfired.（奥运会银牌得主Fan在决赛中滑

了第一回合，但在发令枪响后不久，加拿大和匈牙利运动员摔倒，比赛重新开始。）”可知，

重新开始2000米混合式接力赛是因为两名运动员在决赛中意外摔倒。故选Ao

【6题详解】

词句猜测题。根据第三段的“TheItaliansfinished0.016secondsbehindChina（意大

利队落后中国队0.016秒）”可知，两队之间的差距非常非常小，几乎是一样的分数，因此

cutthedeficit意为“得分相同”，和A选项意思相近，故选A。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段的“We，vebeentraininghardeveryday（我们每天都在刻苦

训I练）”和uWenevergiveupandalwaysgoalloutforeveryopportunitytowin.（我

6

们从不放弃，总是全力以赴，争取每一个胜利的机会。”'可知，这个团队训练得很辛苦，

才有了好的成绩，因此我们可以从短道速滑队的成功中学到的是：自助者天助，即Godhelps

thosewhohelpthemselves,故选D°

C

Inanewstudy,scientistsanalyzedbloodsamplesfrom22healthydonatorsand

foundmicroplastics（微塑料）in17.HalfthesamplescontainedPETplastic,which

iscommonlyusedindrinksbottles,whileathirdcontainedpolystyrene（聚苯乙

烯），whichisusedforpackagingfoodandotherproducts.Aquarteroftheblood

samplescontainedpolyethylene,fromwhichplasticcarrierbagsaremade.

“Previousworkhadshownthatmicroplasticswere10timeshigherinthewaste

ofbabiescomparedwithadultsandthatbabiesfedwithplasticbottlesare

swallowingmillionsofmicroplasticparticles（彳散粒）aday.Wealsoknowingeneral

thatbabiesaremoresensitivetochemicalandparticleexposure,“saidProfDick

Vethaak,ascientistatVrijeUniversiteitAmsterdam.uThatworriesmealot.”

Thenewresearchadaptedexistingtechniquestodetectandanalyzeparticles

assmallas0.0007mm.Someofthebloodsamplescontainedtwoorthreetypesof

plastic.Theteamusedsteelneedlesandglasstubestoavoidpollutionandtested

forbackgroundlevelsofmicroplasticsusingblanksamples.

Vethaakacknowledgedthattheamountandtypeofplasticvariedbetweentheblood

samples."Butthisisapioneeringstudy,“hesaid,“withmoreworknowneeded.”

Hesaidthedifferencesmightreflectshort-termexposurebeforethebloodsamples

weretaken,suchasdrinkingfromaplasticcoffeecuporwearingaplasticface

mask.

“Aretheparticlespreservedinthebody?Aretheytransportedtocertainorgans?

Andaretheselevelshighenoughtocausedisease?”Vethaaksaid."Moredetailed

researchonhowmicroplasticsaffectthestructuresandprocessesofthehumanbody,

andwhetherandhowtheycantransformcellsandhowtheymaycausecancer,is

urgentlyneeded.Theproblemisbecomingmoreurgenteachday,“Vethaakadded.

8.Whatdoesthenewstudyinparagraph1show?

A.Microplasticpollutionisharmfultohumanhealth.

B.Drinksbottlescontainmoremicroplasticsthanplasticcarrierbags.

C.Microplasticshavebeenfoundinhumanbloodbyscientists.

D.Foodpackagingisthemainsourceofmicroplasticsinthehumanbody.

9.WhatmakesVethaakworriedinparagraph2?

7

A.Thefoodfedtobabies.B.Themassproductionofplastic

bottles.

C.Theeffectofmicroplasticsonbabies.D.Theincreasingamountof

chemicalsinfool.

10.WhatmightcausemicroplasticstovarybetweenbloodsamplesaccordingtoProf

DickVethaak?

A.Varioussamplingtime.B.Short-termexposuretoplastics

beforesampling.

C.Differentwaysofsampling.D.Pollutionofbloodsamples.

11.WhatistheVethaak,sattitudetotheeffectsofmicroplasticsonhumanbody

fromthelastparagraph?

A.Doubtful.B.Cautious.

C.Joyful.D.Anxious.

【答案】8.C9.C10.B11.D

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是在一项新的研究中，科学家分析了22名健康献血

者的血液样本，在17名献血者中发现了微塑料，

【8题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段的"Inanewstudy,scientistsanalyzedbloodsamplesfrom

22healthydonatorsandfoundmicroplastics（微塑料）in17.（在一项新的研究中，科

学家分析了22名健康献血者的血液样本，在17名献血者中发现了微塑料。）”可知，第一

段的新研究表明了科学家在人类血液中发现了微塑料。故选C。

【9题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段的Previousworkhadshownthatmicroplasticswere10times

higherinthewasteofbabiescomparedwithadultsandthatbabiesfedwithplastic

bottlesareswallowingmillionsofmicroplasticparticles（微粒）aday.Wealsoknow

ingeneralthatbabiesaremoresensitivetochemicalandparticleexposure（之前

的研究表明，婴儿排泄物中的微粒是成人排泄物的10倍，用塑料瓶喂养的婴儿每天吞咽数

百万塑料微粒。我们也知道，一般来说，婴儿对接触化学物质和粒子更敏感）”可知，Vethaak

在第二段中担心的是微塑料对婴儿的影响。故选C。

【10题详解】

细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的"Vethaakacknowledgedthattheamountandtypeof

plasticvariedbetweenthebloodsamples."Butthisisapioneeringstudy,“he

said,“withmoreworknowneeded."Hesaidthedifferencesmightreflectshort-term

8

exposurebeforethebloodsamplesweretaken,suchasdrinkingfromaplasticcoffee

cuporwearingaplasticfacemask.（Vethaak承认,血液样本中塑料的数量和类型各不

相同。“但这是一项开创性的研究，”他说，“现在还需要做更多的工作。”他说，这种差

异可能反映了血样采集前的短期接触，比如用塑料咖啡杯喝咖啡或戴塑料口罩。”'可知，

根据DickVethaak教授的说法，导致不同血液样本之间的微塑料不同的原因是取样前短期

接触塑料。故选B。

【11题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Moredetailedresearchonhowmicroplasticsaffectthe

structuresandprocessesofthehumanbody,andwhetherandhowtheycantransform

cellsandhowtheymaycausecancer,isurgentlyneeded.Theproblemisbecoming

moreurgenteachday（迫切需要对微塑料如何影响人体结构和过程，以及它们是否和如何

转化细胞，以及它们如何可能导致癌症进行更详细的研究。这个问题每天都变得更加紧迫）”

可知，Vethaak对微塑料对人体的影响的态度是担心的，即anxious。故选D。

D

Everydriverlovessailingthroughaseriesofgreenlightswithouthavingto

stopandwaitatatrafficlight.Now,thankstoartificialintelligence,German

researchershavefoundawaytoreducetimespentatcrossings.

CalledtheKI4LSAprojectandfundedbytheMinistryofTransportandDigital

Infrastructure,theinnovationisbeingtested.Scientistsfirststudiedalgorithms

（算法）takenfromabusycrossingtolearnabouttrafficpatternsandwhere

improvementsweremostneeded.Thereisagreatnecessitytospeedupwaitingtimes

atcrossingsastraditionalmethodsareinflexible,accordingtotheFraunhofer

Institute.

ThenewAImethodusesradarsensorsandhigh-resolutioncamerastointerpret

trafficpatternsinreal-time.Theycandeterminethespeedoftrafficaswellas

waitingtimesandcombinethiswithalgorithms.Scientistsarecurrentlytryingthis

outatabusycrossinginLemgo,Germany,withencouragingresults.

Theintelligentlightsaresaidtoimprovetrafficflowby10to15percent,

whichresultsinmoneysaved;theEUestimatesthattrafficjamscreateeconomic

damagethataddsupto100billioneurosayear.Apartfromreducingcommutingtime,

thesetrafficlightswillreducenoiseandC02emissionsfromcarsidling（空转）

atcrossings.

AnotherexcitingdevelopmentinthisresearchistheK14PEDproject,which

studiespedestrianspassingcrossings.UsingAI,researcherscanidentifyhowmany

9

peoplearewaitingatapedestriancrossingandwhethersomeofthesepeoplewill

needextratimetocrossthestreet.Usinga3Dpointscloud,theycantellifsomeone

hasdisabilitiesoriselderlywithoutidentifyingtheindividual.Because

pedestrianbuttonsthatarepresentlyatcrossingscannotdetermineifsomepeople

havespecialneedsorareelderly,thisisarealwin.Suchaneeds-basedsystem

couldreducepedestrianwaitingtimeby30percent,whichcouldthendecrease

jaywalking（乱穿马路）by25percent.

Testingwillbedoneuntilthelatesummerof2022intheGermantownsofLemgo

andBielefeld,withresearchersoptimisticthatitwillbeadoptedbymanycountries.

Thistechnologyisexcitingnewsforpedestriansanddriversalike.Itencourages

safety,protectstheenvironment,andmayevengiveyoumoretimetoenjoyyour

morningcoffeebeforeheadingofftowork!

12.WhatisthefunctionofAIintheKI4LSAproject?

AToavoidnoisepollution.B.Tocontrolthespeedoftraffic.

C.Toremindpeopleoftrafficrulesatcrossings.D.Toprovidereal-time

informationabouttraffic.

13Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?

A.Waysofimprovingtrafficflow.B.Thedevelopmentofartificial

intelligence.

C.Theeffectoftrafficjamsontheenvironment.D.Advantagescausedbythe

intelligentlights.

14.WhatcanwelearnabouttheK14PEDproject?

A.Itcanbehelpfultopedestrianswithspecialneeds.

B.Itcanidentifytheindividualaccurately.

C.Itcanavoidtrafficaccidentswitha3Dpointscloud.

D.Ithasbeenappliedtostreetsinmanycountries.

15.Whichcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.TheBrightFutureofAITechnologyB.TheIntelligentTrafficLights:

ABlessingforTransportation

C.DigitalTrafficSystem:ASignofSmartCitesD.TheNewTrafficService

forOldCitizens

【答案】12.D13.D14.A15.B

【解析】

10

【导语】本文是说明文。利用人工智能，德国研究人员找到了一种减少十字路口停留时间的

方法。

【12题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段中“ThenewAImethodusesradarsensorsandhigh-resolution

camerastointerprettrafficpatternsinreal-time.（这种新的人工智能方法使用雷达

传感器和高分辨率摄像头实时解读交通模式）”可知，人工智能在KI4LSA项目中的作用是提

供实时的交通信息。故选D。

【13题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第四段“Theintelligentlightsaresaidtoimprovetrafficflowby

10to15percent,whichresultsinmoneysaved;theEUestimatesthattrafficjams

createeconomicdamagethataddsupto100billioneurosayear.Apartfromreducing

commutingtime,thesetrafficlightswillreducenoiseandC02emissionsfromcars

idling（空转）atcrossings.（据说，智能灯可以使交通流量提高10%到15%,从而节省了

资金；欧盟估计，交通拥堵每年造成的经济损失总计达1000亿欧元。除了减少通勤时间，

这些交通信号灯还将减少在十字路口怠速行驶的汽车产生的噪音和二氧化碳排放）”可知，

第四段主要讲述了智能灯的优点。故选D。

【14题详解】

细节理解题。根据倒数第二段"Anotherexcitingdevelopmentinthisresearchisthe

K14PEDproject,whichstudiespedestrianspassingcrossings.UsingAI,researchers

canidentifyhowmanypeoplearewaitingatapedestriancrossingandwhethersome

ofthesepeoplewillneedextratimetocrossthestreet.Usinga3Dpointscloud,

theycantellifsomeonehasdisabilitiesoriselderlywithoutidentifyingthe

individual.（这项研究中另一个令人兴奋的进展是K14PED项目，它研究行人通过十字路口。

通过人工智能，研究人员可以确定有多少人在人行横道前等待，以及其中一些人是否需要额

外的时间过马路。通过使用3D点云，它们可以在不识别个体的情况下分辨出某人是残疾人

还是老年人）”可知，K14PED项目的特殊之处在于可以满足有特殊需求的行人。故选A。

【15题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第一段"Everydriverlovessailingthroughaseriesofgreenlights

withouthavingtostopandwaitatatrafficlight.Now,thankstoartificial

intelligence,Germanresearchershavefoundawaytoreducetimespentat

crossings.（每个司机都喜欢通过一系列的绿灯，而不必在红绿灯前停下来等待。现在，多

亏了人工智能，德国研究人员找到了一种减少十字路口停留时间的方法）”可知，本文主要

讲述了利用人工智能，德国研究人员找到了一种减少十字路口停留时间的方法。因此“智能

灯：交通的福音”是最佳标题。故选B。

II

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选

项。

Anapologytellssomeonethatwearesorryforthehurtwecausedevenifwe

didn,tdoitonpurpose.

16

Apologiesareoneofthetoolsthatweusetobuildgoodfriendshipsand

relationships.Whenyousay“Iamsorry“andreallymeanit,it'sbecauseyou

probablyfeelbadthatsomethingyoudidorsaidhurttheotherperson.Sayingyou're

sorryismorethanjustwords.Youarealsosayingthatyourespecttheotherperson

andyoucareabouthisorherfeelings.Afterapologizing,youmightfeelalittle

better.17Whenyouapologizeinacaringway,youcanfeelgoodbecause

youaretryingtomakethingsrightagain.

Doesapologizingfixeverything?

Sometimesasincere“Iamsorry“fixeseverythingrightaway.Othertimes,

itmighttakeawhileforsomeonetogetpast（通过）feelingupset.Youmayneed

togivetheotherpersonsometime.Evenafteryousayyouaresorry,heorshemight

stillfeelbadaboutwhatyousaidordid.18

Whatifyouhavebeenhurt?

19.However,ifapersonkeepshurtingyouandapologizingwithout

makinganefforttochange,youmaynotwanttomakefriendswithhim.Justbecause

someoneapologizes,yetitdoesn,tmeanyouhavetobefriends.20,

anythingmoreisuptoyou!

AHowshouldweapologize?

B.Whyshouldweapologize?

C.Althoughit'spolitetoacceptanapology,

D.Theotherpersonwillprobablyfeelbetter,too.

E.Whenheorshedoessomethingwrong,

F.Whensomeoneapologizestoyou,youmaywelcomeit.

G.Butatleastyoucanfeelgoodaboutapologizingorfixingthemistake.

【答案】16.B17.D18.G19.F20.C

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了道歉能够让我们伤害到的人感受到我们的歉意。文

章从三个问题着手，介绍与道歉相关的三方面的内容，即我们为什么道歉？道歉是否能解决

12

一切？以及要是我们被伤害了呢？文章告诉了我们道歉的必要性，重要作用以及自己受伤害

应该怎么应对。

【16题详解】

根据后文“ApologiesareoneofthetoolsthatweusetobuiIdgoodfriendshipsand

relationships.Whenyousay“Iamsorry“andreallymeanit,it'sbecauseyou

probablyfeelbadthatsomethingyoudidorsaidhurttheotherperson.Sayingyou're

sorryismorethanjustwords.Youarealsosayingthatyourespecttheotherperson

andyoucareabouthisorherfeelings.Afterapologizing,youmightfeelalite

better.（道歉是我们用来建立良好友谊和关系的工具之一。当你真心实意地说“对不起”的

时候，那可能是因为你对自己的所作所为伤害了他人而感到难过。说对不起不仅仅是口头上

的。也说明你尊重对方，你关心他或她的感受。道歉之后，你可能会感觉好一点。）”可知，

这段讲述的是道歉的好处，它不仅是我们建立好的友谊和关系的工具之一。它也会让我们伤

到的人感受到我们尊重他们的感受。因此，此处是在回答为什么道歉这个问题。由此处考查

小标题可知，B选项"Whyshouldweapologize?（我们为什么要道歉？）”符合语意。故选

B项。

【17题详解】

根据前文“Youarealsosayingthatyourespecttheotherpersonandyoucareabout

hisorherfeelings.Afterapologizing,youmightfeelalittlebetter.（也说明你

尊重对方，你关心他或她的感受。道歉之后，你可能会感觉好一点。）”可知，道歉之后你

会感觉好多了，而被伤害的人，知道你对他或她的感受很在意，他们也会感到好很多。D项

“Theotherpersonwi11probablyfeelbetter,too.（另一个人可能也会感觉好些）”符

合题意，选项中的theother呼应上文的theotherperson»故选D项。

【18题详解】

根据前文“Sometimesasincere“Iamsorry"fixeseverythingrightaway.Other

times,itmighttakeawhileforsomeonetogetpast（通过）feelingupset.Youmay

needtogivetheotherpersonsometime.Evenafteryousayyouaresorry,heor

shemightsti11feelbadaboutwhatyousaidordid.（有时候一句真诚的"对不起”

可以立刻解决一切。