浙江省宁波市2021年中考英语真题试卷(含答案解析)

浙江省宁波市2021年中考英语真题试卷

一、完形填空（本题有15小题，每小题1分，共计15分）（共1题；共15分）

1.阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

Larryseemedalwayssilentanddidn'thaveanyfriend.HisteacherMr.Brown1this.One

day,heaskedLarrytomeethimafterclass.Mr.Brownsaid,"Iseethatyoudon'ttalktoanyoneorshowany__

2inanything.What'swrong?"Larryreplied,"Sir,Ihaveavery3life,Ihavetoface

someverysadincidentsandIkeep4them.Becauseofthis,Ican'tfocusmyattentionon

anythinganddon'tevenfeelliketalkingto5."

Mr.Brownlistenedcarefully,thoughtforawhileandsaid,"Wouldyoulikesomelemonade（柠檬汽

水）?"Larryfeltalittle6andnervouslyreplied,"Yes,thankyou!"

While7lemonade,Mr.Brownaddedmoresaltonpurposeandkeptthequantityof

sugarlow.Larrymadea8faceassoonashedrankasipofthatlemonade.Seeingthis,Mr.

Brownasked"Youdon'tlikeit?""

"Um...it'sjustthereisabittoomuch9init,"Larryanswered.

Mr.Brownstoppedhim,"Oh,itdoesn'tmatter.Iwillthrowitaway."Astheteacherwasliftingtheglassto_

10,Larrystoppedhimandsaid,"Sir,pleasedon'tthrowitaway.11weputalittle

moresugarinthelemonade,itwillbefinetodrink."

Hearingthis,Mr.Brownsaid12,"ThisiswhatIwanttohearfromyou.Toimprovethe___

13oflemonade,wedon'tneedtoremovethesaltfromit,wecanjustaddsomesugartoit.Similarly,

wecannotremovesadthingsthathave14happenedtous,butwecanaddsweetnessof

goodexperiencesinourlife.Ifyoukeeponcryingaboutyour15neitheryourpresentwillbe

rightnorthefuturewillbebright."

Larryrealizedhisproblemandpromisedtoliveapositivelife.

1.A.enjoyedB.noticedC.believedD.forgot

2.A.fearB.angerC.interestD.politeness

3.A.simpleB.difficultC.quietD.common

4.A.lookingforB.learningfromC.laughingatD.thinkingabout

5.A.anybodyB.somebodyC.everybodyD.nobody

6.A.surprisedB.tiredC.boredD.shamed

7.A.buyingB.cookingC.preparingD.drinking

8.A.seriousB.friendlyC.patientD.strange

9.A.sugarB.waterC.saltD.lemonade

10.A.keepitawayB.takeitawayC.drinkitupD.useitup

11.A.IfB.SinceC.AlthoughD.Unless

12.A.bravelyB.coldlyC.happilyD.angrily

13.A.tasteB.colorC.shapeD.smell

14.A.neverB.alreadyC.nearlyD.seldom

15.A.styleB.habitC.decisionD.past

【答案】（1）B；(2)C；(3)B；(4)D；(5)A；(6)A；(7)C；(8)D；(9)C；(10)B；

(11)A；(12)C；(13)A；(14)B；(15)D；

【考点】故事阅读类，记叙文

【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文通过拉里的故事，告诉我们，过去的已经发生，不可能再更改，我们要

向前看。

【点评】考查故事类阅读。先通览全文，掌握文章大意；然后再根据文章的语境特点从词语搭配、习惯

用法、上下文的逻辑关系以及一般的生活常识等方面进行分析，从而选出既合语法又合语境的答案。

二、阅读理解（本题有15小题，每小题2分，共计30分）（共4题；共30分）

2.阅读下面材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

BookreviewbyJarrad

OntheweekendIreadatotallyamazingbookcalledTheAdventures(历险记)ofSiegfriedandHannah.It

wassuchacoolbookbecauseitwasfullofmagicaljourneystomanymysteriouslands.Youneverknew

wherethecharactersweregoingtoendupnext.

ThemaincharactersareaboycalledSiegfriedandhislittlesisterHannah.Theyarealwaysreadyfora

mysteriousadventureeverytimetheystepouttheirdoor.Thebookcontainstwelveseparatestories.

Iwon'tspoilitforyou,butwhatIlovedthemostwasthatthemaincharacterswerejustlikerealkids.

TheywerethesortofkidsthatI'dwanttobefriendswith.

Iwouldreallyrecommend(推荐)thatyoureadthisbook,especiallyifyoulikefairies,dragons,

magic,adventuresandsurprises.ItisthebestbookthatIhavereadallyear.TherewasnothingIdidnotlike

aboutthisbook,exceptthatitshouldhavebeenlonger!

(1)WhatdidJarradthinkofthisbook?

A.Common.

B.Amazing.

C.Humorous

D.Scary.

(2)Whoarethemainreadersforthisbookreview?

A.ThestudentsinJarrad'sclass.

B.TheteachersinJarrad'sschool.

C.Peoplewhohavereadthebook.

D.Kidswhoareinterestedinadventures.

(3)Whatdoesthecoverofthisbooktellyou?

A.Whatthewriter'snameis.

B.Whenthebookcameout.

C.Whothemaincharactersare.

D.lnwhichcountrythestoryhappened

【答案】(l)B

(2)D

(3)C

【考点】文学艺术类，说明文

【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文是贾拉德对《齐格弗里德和汉娜历险记》这本书的书评。

【点评】考查文学艺术类阅读。细节理解题要结合原文和题目有针对性的找到相关语句进行仔细分析，结

合选项选出正确的答案。

3.阅读理解

Haveyoueverenteredatropicalrainforest(热带雨林)?RainforestsmakeuponlyasmallpartoftheEarth's

surface,aboutsixpercent,buttherearemorekindsoftreesthananyotherareainthewholeworld.

TropicalrainforestsareinAfrica,Asia,CentralandSouthAmerica,Australia,andonthePacificislands.The

largesttropicalrainforestistheAmazon(亚马逊)RainforestinSouthAmerica,whichcovers1.2billionacres,or

almostfivemillionsquarekilometres.ThesecondlargestrainforestisinWesternAfrica.

Rainforestsprovideuswithmanythings.Infact,theAmazonRainforestisthe"lungsofourplanet"because

itproduces20%oftheworld'soxygen(氧气).Onefifthoftheworld'sfreshwaterisalsofoundintheAmazon

Rainforest.Furthermore,onehalfoftheworld'sspeciesofanimals,plantsandinsectsliveintheEarth's

rainforests.80%ofthefoodweeatfirstgrewintherainforest.25%ofthedrugswetakewhenwearesickare

madeofplantsthatgrowonlyinrainforests.Someofthesedrugsareevenusedtofightandcurecancer.

Therearefourdifferentlevelsoftreesinarainforest.Theforestflooristhelowestlayerfullofanimallife

andreceivestheleastamountoflight.Theunderstoreyisthedark,coolenvironmentundertheleavesbutover

theground.Thecanopylayeristheupperpartsofmostofthetrees.Theemergentlayercontainsasmall

numberofverytalltrees.

Thesedifferentpartsofarainforestexisttogethertocreateanecosystemformanyanimals,plantsand

humanbeings.

(1)Thispassageismainlyabout.

A.kindsofforest

B.whererainforestsare

C.factsaboutrainforests

D.howmuchoxygenrainforestsmake

(2)TheAmazonRainforestprovidesuswithpercentoftheworld'soxygen.

A.twenty

B.twenty-five

C.fifty

0.eighty

(3)Wherecanweprobablyfindatropicalrainforestaccordingtothepassage?

A.lnFrance.

B.lnChina.

C.lnCanada.

D.lnBritain.

(4)Whichistherightpicturetoshowfourdifferentlevelsoftreesinarainforest?

Canopy

Emergentlayer

Understorey

Forestfloor

Canopy

Emergentlayer

Forestfloor

Understorey

Forestfloor

Understorey

Canopy

Emergentlayer

Emergentlayer

Canopy

Understorey

Forestfloor

【答案】(i)c

(2)A

(3)B

(4)D

【考点】科普类，说明文

【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文为我们介绍了关于热带雨林的一些事实，包括热带雨林的面积，分布，

为人类提供的很多东西和四种不同层次的树等。

【点评】考查科普类阅读。做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选

择。推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。

4.阅读理解

Jasonandhisfatherweregoingtothegrocerystorebycartopickupsomeapples.Ithadbeenanunusual

day.Theskywasdarkbuttherewerefewclouds.Astheydroveupthestreet,therestartedtobearumbling

(隆隆的)soundheardacrosstheground.

Jason'sfatherimmediatelyrealizedthatatornado(龙卷风)wascoming.Hestoppedthecarandtold

Jasontogetoutimmediately.Jasonandhisfathergotoutofthecarandmadetheirwaytotheclosestbuilding.

Bythistimethewindwasblowingharder,anditwashardtoseeorhear.Debriswasfallingallovertheplace.

Jasoncouldn'tseehisdadanymore.Healsorealizedthathewasn'tgettingtothebuildingfastenough.Hewas

afraidhewouldbepickedupbythewindandthrownintotheair.

Ashemadehiswaytowardsthebuilding,henoticedafieldtohisright.Hecouldseeanirrigationditch(灌

溉渠).Inapanic,hescrambled(爬)totheditchandlayflatontheground.Moredebrisandobjectsflew

overhead.Hisheartwasbeatinghard,andhewasnervous.Hehadneverbeeninatornadobefore.

Afterawhile,thewindsdieddownandtheloudroaringsoundwasgone.Jasonslowlyliftedhisheadand

nervouslylookedaround.Whathesawwasagreatmess.Jasoncouldhardlyrecognizethebuildingsinfrontof

himbecauseofallthedamage.

Hestoodupandwithshakylegswalkedtothebuilding.Oncethere,hepushedthedooropenandwent

inside.Itwasapublicbuildingownedbythecity.Itwasempty,butJasoncouldhearnoisesfurtherinside.He

walkedintothelargeroomandsawhisdad.Heranacrosstheroomandgavehimabighug.

"Jason!Howareyou?I'vebeenworriedsickaboutyou!"saidhisfather."Icouldn'tfindyouanywhere!"

Jasonbreathedasighofarelief(松了•口气)andsatdown.Hedidhaveastorytotell!

(1)FromParagraph1,wecangettheofthestory.

A.background

B.development

C.climax(mostexcitingpart)

D.ending

(2)Whichofthefollowingistherightorderaccordingtothepassage?

①Jasonnervouslylookedaroundfromtheirrigationditch.

②Jasonranacrosstheroomandgavehisfatherabighug.

③Jasongotoutofthecar.

④Jasonnoticedafieldtohisright.

A.②①③④

B.③④①②

C.④①②③

D.③①②④

(3)Theunderlinedword"Debris"inParagraph2probablymeans.

A.partsofthetornado

B.applepies

C.brokenpieces

D.dropofrain

(4)Thestorytellsusthatwhenweareindanger,.

A.weshouldwaitpatientlyuntilhelpcomes

B.weshouldworkhardtomakeourdreamscometrue

C.weshouldbebraveenoughtochangenature

D.weshouldbequick-thinkingandbelieveinourselves

【答案】(1)A

(2)B

(3)C

(4)D

【考点】故事阅读类，记叙文

【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文介绍了杰森和他的父亲开车去杂货店买一些苹果的路上遇到龙卷风，杰

森迅速做出应对救了自己的故事。

【点评】考查故事类阅读。主旨大意题是在阅读和理解全文的基础上对文章进行归纳，概括和总结。不能

只凭文中的只言片语而断章取义，需要在细读全文的基础上进行逻辑思维推理判断，从而获取文章中内

含的信息。猜测词义我们可以尽可能地利用上下文来猜测词义，即从已知推求未知，也就是用我们所熟

悉的词或短语来猜测我们不熟悉的词的词义。

5.阅读理解

Haveyoueverboughtsomethingandthenchangedyourmind?ForAlisonJenson,15,thisusedtohappen

severaltimesaweek.Alisonwasashopaholic.Shejustcouldn'tstopshoppingandshelovedspecialoffers.

Alison'sbedroomisfullofstuff.'TvebeentoeveryshopinBirmingham,Ithink,"saysAlison.Shepicksup

someearrings.Thelabelsarestillonthem."Thesewerehalfprice,"shesays."I'veneverwonthem."Alison's

problemwasn'tjustjewellery.Shealsoboughtalotofclothes,thoughnotmanyshoes,becausetheywere

usuallytooexpensive.Shehasalsoboughtlotsofothersmallthings—like20newcoversforherphone.She

hasn'tusedanyofthem.

Accordingtoexperts,weallfeelexcitedafterwebuysomethingnew.Forshopaholics,it'salittledifferent.

Soonaftertheybuysomething,theythinkthey'vemadeamistakeandstarttofeelunhappy.Sotheybuy

themselvessomethingelsetofeelhappier.

Psychologists(，心理学家)firstdescribedtheproblemsofshopaholicsin1915.However,therewasvery

littleresearchonthesubjectuntilrecently.Now,doctorsthinkthousandsofpeoplesufferfromtheproblem,

andthesituationisgettingworse.Therearealsomoreteenageshopaholicsnow,althoughmostyoungpeople

don'thaveenoughmoneytogoshoppingveryregularly.

Alisonknewshehadaproblem."Ioftenboughtsomethingeveryday.Usuallyitwassomethingsmall,butI

justneededtobuyit,"shesays."IspentmoneythatIgotformybirthday,andwhenIwasshortofcash,I

borrowedmoneyfromfriendsormyparents.WhenIcouldn'tgoshopping,Ifeltanxious.Thenoneday,my

parentsjustlookedatallthestuffinmyroomandsaid,Thisiscrazy!1knewtheywereright."Ineededsomebig

changesinmylife.

Alisonnowgetshelpwithherproblemandfeelsshehaschanged.Shenolongerthinksshe'sashopaholic.

"WhenIwanttobuysomethinginashop,Iaskmyselftwoquestions,"shesays."DoIneedit?CanIaffordit?

Theanswertobothquestionsisusually'no',soIwalkaway.It'sgreat!"

(1)Whatdoexpertssayaboutshopaholics?

A.Shopaholicsfeelsadwhentheyareshopping.

B.Shopaholicssoonfeelunhappyaftertheyhaveboughtsomething.

C.Shopaholicsfeelmoreexcitedthanotherpeoplewhentheyshop.

0.Shoppingistheonlywayshopaholicscanfeelhappy.

(2)Theunderlinedword"they"inParagraph5refersto.

A.psychologists

B.doctors

C.AIison'sparents

D.AIison'sfriends

(3)WhichwordcanbestdescribeAlison'sfeelingattheendofthepassage?

A.GIad.

B.Worried.

C.Embarrassed.

D.Moved.

(4)Thebesttitleforthepassageabovemightbe.

A.ShopTillYouDrop!

B.ShoppingMakesMeHappy!

C.You'dBetterShopLess!

D.lCanStopShoppingNow!

【答案】(1)B

(2)C

(3)A

(4)D

【考点】人生百味类，记叙文

【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文主要介绍了艾莉森从购物狂到最后可以节制购物的过程。

【点评】考查人生百味类阅读。推理判断试题要求考虑文中全部信息或事实，在通篇理解文章的基础上领

会作者的言外之意，并作出正确的推理和判断。

三、任务型阅读(本题有5小题，每小题1分，共计5分)(共1题；共5分)

6.下面是一幅关于提高说话技巧的结构图。请你根据结构图提供的信息，将选项中的小标题(A-F)与相应

的段落匹配。选项中有一项为多余选项。

HowtoGiveaBeforetheGetagooidea

GoodTalktalkChooseatopiccarefully.Youcantalkmoreeasilyaboutsomethingyoulikeand

knowabout.

It'sbettertosayless.Chooseafewgoodideasandthinkabouthowto

communicatethemclearlytoyouraudience（听众;观众）.

BEGINNING:Thinkofaninterestingwaytobegin.MDDLE:Thinkcarefullyabout

thispartofyourtalk.

END:Peopleoftenremembertheendingbest,soplanthispartofyourtalkfirst.

Writeyourmainideasonacard.Ithelpsyourememberyourtalkwhile

practicing.Whenyoucandoiteasilywithoutnotes,thenyou'reready.

Talkmoreslowlythanyouusuallydobutspeakmoreloudlythanusual.Make

Whenyoudosurethateveryonecanhearyoueasily.

thetalk

Talktoyouraudience,nottoyourhandsortothefloor.Lookaroundtheroom

atpeople'sfacesandcheckthey'relistening.

A.Don'ttrytosaytoomuch

B.Don'tspeaktoofast

C.Makenotesandprepare

D.Planyourtalk

E.Lookupnotdown

F.Finishontime

【答案】A；D；C；B；E

【考点】任务型阅读，日常生活类，其他体裁

【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文是一幅关于提高说话技巧的结构图。

选项意思：

A.Don'ttrytosaytoomuch不要试图说太多

B.Don'tspeaktoofast不要说得太快

C.Makenotesandprepare做笔记并准备

D.Planyourtalk计划你的演讲

E.Lookupnotdown向上看,不要向下看

F.Finishontime按时完成

【点评】考查任务型阅读。理解每段文中有关的信息，针对每一段话找到中心意思，然后结合所给的小

标题，找到与它相符合的。最后再综合判断，核对订正。

四、根据下列句子及所给汉语注释，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式（每空一词）。（每小题

1分，共计10分）（共10题；共10分）

7.It'snotsafetoleaveababyinacarby（它自己）.

【答案】itself

【考点】反身代词

【解析】【分析】句意：把婴儿单独留在车里不安全.它自己，itself,反身代词，byoneself,单独，独自，

固定搭配；故答案为itself。

【点评】考查反身代词。注意识记反身代词itself的用法。

8,Thebigtreeoverthereisprobablyone（百）yearsold.

【答案】hundred

【考点】整数表达

【解析】【分析】句意：那边的那棵大树大概有一百岁了。百，hundred,当前面有具体的数词时，hundred

用单数，表示"几百"，根据前面的。ne,可知用单数，故答案为hundred。

【点评】考查数词。注意识记hundred的用法。

9.Mikeoften（收集）stampsandplaysbasketballinhissparetime.

【答案】collects

【考点】第三人称单数

【解析】【分析】句意：迈克在业余时间经常集邮和打篮球。句子缺少谓语，应该用动词，收集，collect

动词，根据。ften,可知是一般现在时，主语是Mike,第三人称单数，谓语用第三人称单数形式，故答案

为collectSo

【点评】考查动词第三人称单数。注意识记一般现在时的第三人称单数用法。

lO.TraditionalChinese（药）hasbeenplayinganimportantroleintreatingCOVID-19.

【答案】medicine

【考点】不可数名词

【解析】【分析】句意：中医药在新冠肺炎救治中发挥着重要作用。药，medicine,不可数名词，Chinese

medicine,中药,固定搭配,故答案为medicine。

【点评】考查不可数名词。注意识记名词medicine的意义和拼写.

11.1oftenseanoldmanwith（灰色）hairsweepingtheroadnearmyschool.

【答案】gray/grey

【考点】形容词原级

【解析】【分析】句意：我经常看到一位灰发老人在我学校附近扫马路。灰色，gray/grey,greyhair,白

发，灰发，固定搭配，故答案为gray/grey。

【点评】考查形容词。注意识记形容词grey/gray的用法。

12.Peoplearoundtheworldcanhardly（避免）buyingproductsmadeinChina.

【答案】avoid

【考点】动词原形

【解析】【分析】句意：世界各地的人们都无法避免购买中国制造的产品。避免，avoid,动词，情态动词

can,后跟动词原形；故答案为avoid。

【点评】考查动词原形。注意识记动词avoid的用法。

13.Tohelpmyparentsliveabetterlifeis（确切地）whatIwant.

【答案】exactly

【考点】程度副词

【解析】【分析】句意：帮助我的父母过上更好的生活正是我想要的。根据句子结构可知这里是修饰动词，

用副词。确切地,exactly,副词，故答案为exactly。

【点评】考查副词。注意识记副词exactly的意义和用法。

14.Ifwedon'tprotecttheenvironmentwell,we'llbe（惩罚）soonerorlater.

【答案】punished

【考点】过去式和过去分词

【解析】【分析】句意：如果我们不保护好环境，我们迟早会受到惩罚。惩罚，punish,动词，根据句意

和句子结构可知是一般将来时的被动：will+be+动词的过去分词，punish的规则动词，过去分词+ed,故答

案为punished»

【点评】考查过去分词。注意识记被动语态的结构和用法。

15.YuanLongping,the"FatherofHybridRice",wonmany（奖）forhisriceresearch.

【答案】prizes

【考点】规则可数名词的复数

【解析】【分析】句意："杂交水稻之父"袁隆平的水稻研究获得了许多奖项。奖，prize,可数名词，many,

许多，后跟可数名词的复数形式，故答案为prizes。

【点评】考查可数名词的复数形式。注意识记名词prize及其复数的用法。

16.Ofthethreecities,Ningbo,ourhometown,isthe（生机勃勃的）.

【答案】liveliest

【考点】最高级的一般句式

【解析】【分析】句意：在这三个城市中，我们的家乡宁波是最热闹的。生机勃勃的，lively,形容词；根

据Ofthethreedties可知是三个城市之间的比较,用最高级，lively的最高级是liveliest,故答案为

liveliest。

【点评】考查形容词的最高级。注意识记形容词lively及其最高级的用法。

五、用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词仅用一次（每空一词晨（每小题1分，共计5

分）（共1题；共5分）

17.用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词仅用一次（每空一词）。

meanhelpfultoothwithoutwise

DoyouknowthatweareusinguptheEarth'sfreshwaterfasterthanwecanreplaceit?Weneedwaterto

stayaliveandifwedon'tusewater,wewillrunout!

Waterisneededforjustabouteverythingwedo.Weneedittofarm,towash,toprovidepower,tocontrol

firesand—mostimportantly—todrink.water,wewouldalldie.

Soweshouldallsavewaterifwewanttohaveenoughtostayalive.Usinglesswatersaving

moneyandsavingenergy.SavingwaterisEASY.Herearesometips:

*Haveshortershowersandonlyhalffillthebath.

*Turnthetapoffwhileyousoapyourhandsorbrushyour.

*Fixanytapsorhoses(软管)thatdrip—everydropcounts!

【答案】wisely；Without；means；helpful；teeth

【考点】选词填空，环保类，说明文

【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文主要介绍了如何节约用水。

选项意思：mean意思是，意为；helpful有帮助的，有用的；tooth牙；without没有；wise聪明的，

有智慧的；

【点评】考查选词填空。跳过空白处，了解其大意，联系上下文，然后结合选项，根据具体的词义和句

子的意义填写出正确答案，给出的单词根据句子的需要有的要作出形式上的改变，包括时态，词性，复数

等，最后再读短文校正答案。

六、语法填空(本题有10小题，每小题1分，共计10分)(共1题；共10分)

18.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。

Susanwastiredofhavingherthreechildrentalkbacktoher.Oneday,sheclimbedintoherkids*treehouse.

Itwasgoodplace,shethought,foramothertogoonstrike(罢工).Shewastiredof(drive)

themeverywherewithoutthanksanddoingmorethanhershareoftheworkaroundthehouse.Until

(thing)changed,Susandecidedtostayupinthetree.

Susan'sstrikegotherkids'attention,course.Butthatwasnotallthathappened.Wordofthe

fed-upmotherspread.Beforelong,acameracrewfromtelevision'sTodayShowcameintotheiryard.Now

peopleallacrossAmericaweregoingtofindwhodrovethekids'motherupatree.

Asthecamerasworked,thethreekidsstoodwiththeirfathernearthetreehouse.Kate,theTodayShow

host,hadaquestionfor(they)."Whatdoyouthinkab