Unit3FoodandCultureDiscoveringusefulstructures过去完成时及其被动语态课件-人教版高中英语选择性

UNIT3

FOODANDCULTUREDiscoverUsefulStructures过去完成时Teachingobjectives:Inthisclass,youwillrecognizeandsummarizethemeaning,formanduseofthepastperfecttenseandthepastperfectpassivevoice;usethepastperfecttenseandthepastperfectpassivevoicetodescribeasituationthathappenedinthepast.Q1：什么是过去完成时？Bythetimethepolicemangottotheshop,thethiefhadrunaway.警察到商店时，小偷已经逃跑了。过去现在将来基本定义：

过去完成时是表示过去某个时间之前已经发生的动作或一直延续的动作或状态。→“过去的过去”理解“过去的过去”：过去过去的过去现在例：Thefilmhadbegunbeforewegottothecinema.我到达电影院之前电影已经开始了。先发生的动作用过去完成时，后发生的动作用一般过去时。hadbegungot

Q2：过去完成时的结构？①

Tomhadfinished

(finish)writinghisnovel②

Ihadeaten

(eat)lotsofcakestillthen.1.肯定式：主语+had+done2.否定式：主语+had+not

+done①

Tomhadnoteatenhissupperinthecanteenbeforehewentbackhome.②

Whenthepolicearrived,thethieveshadnotrun(run)away.

3.一般疑问式：①

Hadyouspentallofyourmoney?②

Hadhefinishedhishomeworkbythetimeyougothere?Had+主语

+done+其他？4.特殊疑问式：疑问词

+had+主语+done+其他？BythetimeIwalkedintoclass,theteacherhadstartedteachingalready.BythetimeIwalkedintoclass,theteacherhadn’t

startedteachingyet.Hadtheteacherstartedteachingyetbythetimeyouwalkedintoclass?Q2：过去完成时的结构？Practice:否定句：一般疑问句：5.过去完成时的被动语态

：Thechef

hadsetup

afarm-to-tablerestaurantbeforehisnewcookbookwaspublished.Anewfarm-to-tablerestauranthadbeensetupbythechefbeforehisnewcookbookwaspublished.Had+been

+doneTheyhadfinishedtheirdinnerbythetimeSamjoinedthem.TheirdinnerhadbeenfinishedbythetimeSamjoinedthem.Changetheactivevoiceintopassivevoice.肯定结构had＋beendone否定结构had＋not＋beendone一般疑问结构had＋主语＋been

done特殊疑问结构特殊疑问词＋had＋主语＋been

done5.过去完成时的被动语态

：

Summary完成句子。1)Thetickets_________________(sell)outbeforeIcametothecinema.2)Bytheendoflastyear,we_________________(produce)20,000cars.3)Whenthepolicearrived,thethieves__________(run)away.4)Shetoldusthatthemeeting___________________(cancel).hadbeensoldhadproducedhadrunhadbeencanceledQ3：过去完成时的运用11.Breakfasthadbeenserved

bythetimeIgotup.2.Before

hevolunteeredtodirectthetraffic,Tomhadlost

lotsofjobs.3.He

hadn’tfinisheditbyyesterdayevening.4.BytheendofJune,they__________(treat)over800patients.（1）用于过去完成时的时间状语：by+过去时间点；bytheendof+过去时间点；bythetime+过去时间点；before+过去时间点。hadtreatedWhatarethemeaningsandfeaturesofthefollowingsentences?

1.I

(finish)readingthenovelby9o’clocklastnight.2.Bytheendofthatyear,Henry

(collect)morethanathousandpostcards.3.They

(plant)600treesbeforelastWednesday.4.Bythetimetheyarrived,we

(get)everythingready.hadfinishedhadcollectedhadplantedhadgot即学即练Q3：过去完成时的运用22）常用固定句型：Hardly/Scarcely...when；Nosooner...than

（一……就……）。否定词置于句首，需要部分倒装。主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。1.Scarcelyhad

thevotes

been

counted,whenthetelephonerang.2.Nosoonerhad

Iwalked

outthanIrememberedthatIforgot

myhomework.3.Hardlyhad

wesat

downtosupperwhenthephonerang.Whatarethemeaningsandfeaturesofthefollowingsentences?1.我刚到车站，火车就开了。(scarcely...when...)Ihadscarcelyreachedthestationwhenthetrainstarted./ScarcelyhadIreachedthestationwhenthetrainstarted.2.结果刚一宣布，人们就欢呼起来。(hardly...when...)Theresulthadhardlybeenannouncedwhenthecrowdapplauded./即学即练Hardlyhadtheresultbeenannounced

whenthecrowdapplauded.

Q3：过去完成时的运用3Whatarethemeaningsandfeaturesofthefollowingsentences?（3）常用hope,expect,suppose,think,want,wish等动词的过去完成时表示过去未实现的愿望、计划或者打算（含虚拟）。Q3：过去完成时的运用4Whatarethemeaningsandfeaturesofthefollowingsentences?1.Itwasthefirsttimeshe_________(leave)hermotherland.2.Itisthefirsttime(that)I___________(speak)inpublic.3.ItwasthemostinspiringperformanceI

(watch).hadlefthavespokenhadwatched（4）It/This/Thatwasthefirst/second...time(+that)…

此句型中，若主句中的be为was,从句中的谓语则用过去完成时；若主句中的be为is,从句中的谓语则用现在完成时。

Itwasthe+形容词最高级+名词+(that)sbhaddone此句型中从句用过去完成时过去完成时：在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，表示动作发生的时间是过去的过去。一般过去时：过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。Q4：过去完成时与一般过去时They_____________(arrive)atthestationbytenyesterday.昨天10点前他们已经到达了车站。They__________(arrive)atthestationattenyesterday.他们昨天在10点到达了车站。hadarrivedarrived

【即学即练】翻译句子。1)到上个月底为止，我已经学了四千个单词。2)他做完作业后，出去踢足球了。4)Jim于2019年去世的。5)上周五他非常忙。Ihadlearned4,000wordsbytheendoflastmonth.Afterhehaddonehishomework,hewentouttoplayfootball.Jimdiedin2019.HewasverybusylastFriday.Q5：过去完成时与现在完成时I___________inChinaforfiveyearsbeforeIwenttoAmerica.在我去美国之前，我已经在中国住了五年。I____________inChinaforfiveyears.我目前已经在中国住了五年。

hadlivedhavelived现在完成时强调过去的动作对现在的影响；过去完成时强调动作或状态开始于过去，也结束于过去。先后1.I___________

(eat)lotsofcakessofar.2.I_________(eat)lotsofcakestillthen.3.Tom____________

(finish)writinghisnovelbytheendoflastyear.4.Tom__________

(finish)writinghisnovelbynow.

5.Tom

(finish)writinghisnovelbytheendofthisyear.6.Tom_________(finish)writinghisnovellastyear.haveeatenhadeatenhadfinishedhasfinished

willhavefinishedfinished即学即练Completethetwoconversationswiththecorrectformsofthewordsintheboxusingthepastperfecttenseorthepastperfectpassivevoice.arrive,cancel,eat,finish,get,taste,tell1.Carol:_____youever________anyScottishfoodbeforeyourtriptoSt.Andrewslastyear?

Paul:No,notreally.ButI___________________abouthaggismanytimesbeforewewentthere.Hadtastedhadbeentoldn.羊杂碎肚n.食堂;餐厅Carol:Oh…Didyoutryit?Paul:Oh,yes!Youknowwhat?We_________lateforsupperthatday,andsowejustatewhateverwasleftintheuniversitycanteen.We___________ourmealbeforewelearntwe_____just______haggis!Carol:Mygoodness!Paul:Well,itwasnotbad.Ihavetosay…arrive,cancel,eat,finish,get,taste,tellarrivedhadfinishedhadeaten2.Carol:WhenIgottotheteahouseyesterday,Ifoundnobodythere._____it_________________?

Paul:Oh,I’msosorrythatIf