2017年高考江苏卷英语试题解析

注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。用2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A后的方框涂黑。2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.₤19.15. B.₤9.18. C.₤9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthemovie?题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在A.It’samusing. B.It’sexciting. C.It’sdisappointing.2.HowwillSusanspendmostofhertimeinFrance?A.Travelingaround.B.Studyingataschool.C.Lookingafterheraunt.3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Goingout.B.Orderingdrinks.C.Preparingforaparty.4.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inaclassroom. B.Inalibrary. C.Inabookstore.5.Whatisthemangoingtodo?A.GoontheInternet. B.Makeaphonecall. C.Takeatraintrip.第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatisthewomanlookingfor?A.Aninformationoffice. B.Apolicestation. C.Ashoerepairshop.7.WhatistheTownGuideaccordingtotheman?A.Abrochure. B.Anewspaper. C.Amap.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatdoesthemansayabouttherestaurant?A.It’sthebiggestonearound. B.Itoffersmanytastydishes. C.It’sfamousforitsseafood.9.Whatwillthewomanprobablyorder?A.Friedfish. B.Roastchicken. C.Beefsteak.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.WherewillMr.Whitebeat11o’clock?A.Attheoffice. B.Attheairport. C.Attherestaurant.11.WhatwillMr.Whiteprobablydoatoneintheafternoon?A.Receiveaguest. B.Haveameeting. C.Readareport.12.WhenwillMissWilsonseeMr.White?A.Atlunchtime. B.Lateintheafternoon. C.Thenextmorning.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.WhyisBillgoingtoGermany?A.Toworkonaproject. B.TostudyGerman. C.Tostartanewpany.14.WhatdidthewomandislikeaboutGermany?A.Theweather. B.Thefood. C.Theschools.15.WhatdoesBillhopetodoabouthisfamily?A.BringthemtoGermany. B.LeavetheminEngland. C.Visittheminafewmonths.16.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Fellowtravelers. B.Colleagues. C.Classmates.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhendiditrainlasttimeinJuárez?A.Threedaysago. B.Amonthago. C.Ayearago.18.WhatseasonisitnowinJuárez?A.Spring. B.Summer C.Autumn.19.Whataretheelderlyadvisedtodo?A.Takeawalkintheafternoon. B.Keeptheirhomescool. C.Drinkplentyofwater.20.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Hostingaradioprogram. B.Conductingaseminar. C.Forecastingtheweather.1.C 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.A 8.B 9.C 10.B11.B 12.C 13.A 14.B 15.A 16.B 17.C 18.A 19.C 20.A第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例：Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_________heorshewants.A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever答案是B。21.ManyChinesebrands,__________theirreputationsovercenturies,arefacingnewchallengesfromthemodernmarket.A.havingdeveloped B.beingdeveloped C.developed D.developing22.__________notforthesupportoftheteachers,thestudentcouldnotovereherdifficulty.A.Itwere B.Wereit C.Itwas D.Wasit22.B考查虚拟语气的省略。虚拟语气中，be动词统一用were；虚拟语气的省略形式主要是把if省略，同时把were/should/had提前，即Were/Should/HadI...，故选B。23.Located__________theBeltmeetstheRoad,JiangsuwillcontributemoretotheBeltandRoadconstruction.A.why B.when C.which D.where23.D考查状语从句。belocatedin+地点名词，位于……，where引导的地点状语从句在此相当于insomeplace，故选D。24.ThepublicationofGreatExpectations,which__________bothwidelyreviewedandhighlypraised,strengthenedDickens,statusasaleadingnovelist.A.is B.are C.was D.were25.WorkingwiththemedicalteaminAfricahas_________thebestinherasadoctor.A.heldout B.broughtout C.pickedout D.givenout25.B考查短语辨析。holdout坚持；提供机会；伸出手；B.bringout使显现，阐明，出版；C.pickout使容易看见，找出精心挑选，认出来；D.giveout用完，停止运行，分发，发出，公布。句意：在非洲同医疗队一起工作已经使她表现出了最好的一面。这里取＂使显现＂之意，故选B。学&科网26.Wechoosethishotelbecausethepriceforanighthereisdownto$20,halfof_________itusedtocharge.A.that B.which C.what D.how26.C考查同位语和宾语从句。＂halfof_________itusedtocharge＂是$20的同位语，即原来价格的一半是现在的$20；另外，of后跟名词或名词短语构成介宾短语，所以，这里是宾语从句；宾语从句中的charge后面缺少宾语，所以用what来引导宾语从句，并充当宾语从句的宾语，故选C。27.Hehurriedhome,neveroncelookingbacktoseeifhe__________.A.wasbeingfollowed B.wasfollowingC.hadbeenfollowed D.followed27.A考查宾语从句和时态。分析句子成分可知，he和follow是被动关系，即他被别人跟踪，排除B、D；根据句意＂在匆忙赶回家的路上，他从未回头看是否正被跟踪＂，故用过去进行时最合适，故选A。28.In1963theUNsetuptheWorldFoodProgramme,oneof__________purposesistorelieveworldwidestarvation.A.which B.its C.whose D.whom28.C考查定语从句。先行词是＂theWorldFoodProgramme＂，＂世界粮食项目＂的目的之一是……，whose在定语从句中作定语，这里限定purposes，故选C。29.OnlyfiveyearsafterSteveJobs’death,smartphonesdefeated__________PCsinsales.A.controversial B.contradictory C.confidential D.conventional29.D考查形容词辨析。A.controversial有争议的；B.contradictory对立的，相互矛盾的；C.confidential机密的，秘密的；D.conventional传统的。智能在销量上打败了传统的个人电脑，故选D。30.Aquickreviewofsuccessesandfailuresattheendofyearwillhelp_________youryearahead.A.shape B.switch C.stretch D.sharpen31.He’sbeeninformedthathe_________forthescholarshipbecauseofhisacademicbackground.A.hasn’tqualified B.hadn’tqualifiedC.doesn’tqualify D.wasn’tqualifying31.C考查动词时态。句意：他已经被告知由于教育背景的原因而没有资格获得奖学金。qualifyforsth达标，获得参赛资格；由于条件不满足而没有资格做某事，是客观事实，用一般现在时。故选C。32.Determiningwhereweare_________oursurroundingsremainsanessentialskillforoursurvival.A.incontrastto B.indefenseofC.infaceof D.inrelationto32.D考查介词短语。A.incontrastto对比，截然不同；B.indefenseof为……辩护；C.infaceof面对；D.inrelationto与……有关。句意：根据周围的环境辨别方位仍然是我们生存的一项极其重要的技能。故选D。33.—WhatdoesthestuffonyourTshirtmean?—It’snothing.Justsomething_________.A.asclearasday B.offthetopofmyheadC.undermynose D.beyondmywildestdreams33.B考查习惯用语。A.asclearasday显而易见，容易理解；B.offthetopofmyhead没有考虑；C.undermynose就在我眼皮底下(都没有察觉)；D.beyondmywildestdreams远远出乎意料，做梦都没有想到。句意：——你T恤上的东西是什么意思？——没什么特别的意思。只是灵光一闪，随便写的。故选B。34.Thedisappearanceofdinosaursisnotnecessarilycausedbyastronomicalincidents.But_________explanationsarehardtofind.A.alternativeB.aggressive C.ambiguous D.apparent34.A考查形容词。A.alternative可供替代的；B.aggressive好斗的，有进取心的；C.ambiguous有野心的，耗时的；D.apparent显而易见的。句意：恐龙的消失未必是由天文事件引起的，但是难以找到其它解释。故选A。35.—GoingtowatchtheWomen’sVolleyballMatchonWednesday?—_________!Willyougowithme?A.Youthere B.YoubetC.Yougotme D.Youknowbetter第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ForalongtimeGabrieldidn’twanttobeinvolvedinmusicatall.Inhisfirstyearsofhighschool,Gabrielwouldlookpityinglyatmusicstudents,36acrossthecampuswiththeirheavyinstrumentcases,37atschoolforpracticehours38anyoneelsehadtobethere.Hesworetohimselfto39music,ashehatedgettingtoschoolextraearly.40,oneday,inthemusicclassthatwas41ofhisschool’sstandardcurriculum,hewasplayingidly（随意地）onthepianoandfoundit42topickouttunes.Withasinkingfeeling,herealizedthatheactually43doingit.Hetriedtohidehis44pleasurefromthemusic46theteachertoldGabrielthathehadagood47andsuggestedthatGabrielgointothemusicstoreroomtoseeifanyoftheinstrumentsthere48him.Therehedecidedtogivethecello（大提琴）a49.Whenhebeganpracticing,hetookitvery50.Buthequicklyfoundthathelovedplayingthisinstrument,andwas51topracticingitsothatwithinacoupleofmonthshewasplayingreasonablywell.This52,ofcourse,thathearrivedatschoolearlyinthemorning,53hisheavyinstrumentcaseacrossthecampustothe54looksofthenonmusicianshehadleft55.36.A.travelling B.marching C.pacing D.struggling37.A.risingup B.ingup C.drivingup D.turningup38.A.before B.after C.until D.since39.A.betray B.accept C.avoid D.appreciate40.A.Therefore B.However C.Thus D.Moreover41.A.part B.nature C.basis D.spirit42.A.plicated B.safe C.confusing D.easy43.A.missed B.disliked C.enjoyed D.denied44.A.transparent B.obvious C.false D.similar45.A.run B.jogged C.jumped D.wandered46.A.because B.but C.though D.so47.A.ear B.taste C.heart D.voice48.A.occurredto B.tookto C.appealedto D.heldto49.A.change B.chance C.mission D.function50.A.seriously B.proudly C.casually D.naturally51.A.mitted B.used C.limited D.admitted52.A.proved B.showed C.stressed D.meant53.A.pushing B.dragging C.lifting D.rushing54.A.admiring B.pitying C.annoying D.teasing55.A.over B.aside C.behind D.out36.D【解析】考查动词。根据＂withtheirheavyinstrumentcases＂可知，每天上学的时候，Gabriel总是同情地看着背着沉重乐器的同学们艰难地穿梭于校园中，struggle努力，艰难地行进，斗争，符合语境。37.D【解析】考查动词短语。根据＂37atschoolforpracticehours38anyoneelse＂可知，学习音乐的同学需要比不学音乐的早到学校几个小时，为了练习弹奏乐器。turnup在＂出现＂，符合语境。38.A【解析】考查介词。＂anyoneelse＂指不学音乐的学生，学习音乐的要比规定的到校时间早到几个小时，beforeanyoneelsehadtobethere比规定的到校时间早几个小时。这也是Gabriel不想学习音乐的原因之一。39.C【解析】考查动词。根据＂ashehatedgettingtoschoolextraearly＂可知，Gabriel讨厌过早到校，因此他对自己发誓＂不学＂音乐，A背叛；B接受；C避免，避开；D欣赏。故选C。40.B【解析】考查连词。此处是说，Gabriel在一次音乐课上意外发现自己很喜欢音乐，此处所表达的含义与上一段是转折关系，故选B。44.B【解析】考查形容词。Gabriel不想让音乐老师看到自己表露出来的很明显的喜悦之情，transparent指(谎言、借口)易看穿的；obvious明显的，显然的；false假的；similar相似的。故选B。45.D【解析】考查动词。音乐老师在教室里来回走动，听到Gabriel弹奏乐器的声音，就走过来聆听。run跑；jog慢跑；jump跳；wander徘徊，游荡。wanderover漫步。46.B【解析】考查连词。前句是说他弹得不是特别好，后句是说，老师告诉他他有良好的辨音能力，并且建议他去音乐商店选适合自己的乐器。前后句间为转折关系。47.A【解析】考查名词。老师认为Gabriel有着很好辨音能力，并建议他去挑一件称心的乐器。ear辨音力，灵敏的听力；taste鉴赏力，欣赏力，指对作品的欣赏能力。由于Gabriel没有经过专业的训练，不能说他有很好的音乐鉴赏能力，taste不符合语境。48.C【解析】考查动词短语。occurtosb.某人突然想起；taketo开始喜欢；appealto有吸引力，引起兴趣；holdto抓住。老师让Gabriel找一件自己喜欢的乐器。49.B【解析】考查名词。Gabriel准备试一下大提琴，给大提琴一次机会，即尝试演奏一下大提琴。change改变；chance机会；mission任务；function功能。故选B。50.C【解析】考查副词。根据But可知，前后是转折关系，下句说Gabriel发现自己很喜欢大提琴，说明前一句是说他只是随便拉一下。seriously认真地；proudly骄傲地；casually随便地；naturally自然地。故选C。51.A【解析】考查动词。根据＂sothatwithinacoupleofmonthshewasplayingreasonablywell＂可知，花了几个月的时间练习之后，Gabriel的大提琴已经拉得非常好了。bemittedtosth/doingsth致力于。故选A。第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ACHRONOLOGICA——TheUnbelievableYearsthatDefinedHistoryDIDYOUKNOW…In105ADpaperwasinventedinChina?WhenColumbusdiscoveredtheNewWorld?TheBritishMuseumopenedin1759?CHRONOLOGICAisafascinatingjourneythroughtime,fromthefoundationofRometothecreationoftheInternet.Alongthewayaretalesofkingsandqueens,hotairballoons…andmonkeysinspace.Travelthrough100ofthemostunbelievableyearsinworldhistoryandlearnwhybeingaRomanEmperorwasn’talwaysasgoodasitsounds,howtheHundredYears’Wardidn’tactuallylastfor100yearsandwhySpencerPercevalholdsaratherunfortunaterecord.CHRONOLOGICAisaninformativeandentertainingtourintohistory,beautifullyillustratedandfullofunbelievablefacts.WhileCHRONOLOGICAtellsthestoriesoffamouspeopleinhistorysuchasThomasEdisonandAlexandertheGreat,thisbookalsogivesanaccountofthelivesoflesserknownindividualsincludingtheexplorerMungoParkandsculptorGutzonBorglum.Thispletebutbriefhistoricalcollectioniscertaintoentertainreadersyoungandold,andguaranteedtopresenteventhebiggesthistoryloverwithsomethingnew!56.WhatisCHRONOLOGICAaccordingtothenext?A.Abiography. B.Atravelguide.C.Ahistorybook. D.Asciencefiction.57.HowdoesthewriterremendCHRONOLOGICAtoreaders?A.Bygivingdetailsofitscollection. B.Byintroducingsomeofitscontents.C.Bytellingstoriesatthebeginning. D.Byparingitwithotherbooks.BBeforebirth,babiescantellthedifferencebetweenloudsoundsandvoices.Theycanevendistinguishtheirmother’svoicefromthatofafemalestranger.Butwhenitestoembryoniclearning(胎教),birdscouldruletheroost.AsrecentlyreportedinTheAuk:OrnithologicalAdvances,somemotherbirdsmayteachtheiryoungtosingevenbeforetheyhatch(孵化).Newbornchickscanthenimitatetheirmom’scallwithinafewdaysofenteringtheworld.Thiseducationalmethodwasfirstobservedin2012bySoniaKleindorfer,abiologistatFlindersUniversityinSouthAustralia,andhercolleagues.FemaleAustraliansuperbfairywrenswerefoundtorepeatonesoundoverandoveragainwhilehatchingtheireggs.Whentheeggswerehatched,thebabybirdsmadethesimilarchirptotheirmothers—asoundthatservedastheirregular＂feedme!＂call.Tofindoutifthespecialqualitywasmorewidespreadinbirds,theresearcherssoughttheredbackedfairywren,anotherspeciesofAustraliansongbird.Firsttheycollectedsounddatafrom67nestsinfoursitesinQueenslandbeforeandafterhatching.Thentheyidentifiedbeggingcallsbyanalyzingtheorderandnumberofnotes.Aputeranalysisblindlyparedcallsproducedbymothersandchicks,rankingthembysimilarity.Itturnsoutthatbabyredbackedfairywrensalsoemergechirpingliketheirmoms.Andthemorefrequentlymothershadcalledtotheireggs,themoresimilarwerethebabies’beggingcalls.Inaddition,theteamsetupaseparateexperimentthatsuggestedthatthebabybirdsthatmostcloselyimitatedtheirmom’svoicewererewardedwiththemostfood.Thisobservationhintsthateffectiveembryoniclearningcouldsignalneurological(神经系统的)strengthsofchildrentoparents.Anevolutionaryinferencecanthenbedrawn.＂Asaparent,doyouinvestinqualitychildren,ordoyouinvestinchildrenthatareinneed?＂Kleindorferasks.＂Ourresultssuggestthattheymightbegoingforquality.＂58.TheunderlinedphraseinParagraph1means＂__________＂.A.betheworst B.bethebest C.betheasbad D.bejustasgood59.WhatareKleindorfer’sfindingsbasedon?A.Similaritiesbetweenthecallsofmomsandchicks.B.TheobservationoffairywrensacrossAustralia.C.ThedatacollectedfromQueensland’slocals.D.Controlledexperimentsonwrensandotherbirds.60.Embryoniclearninghelpsmotherbirdstoidentifythebabybirdswhich__________.A.canreceivequalitysignals B.areinneedoftrainingC.fittheenvironmentbetter D.maketheloudestcall60.C【解析】根据倒数第二段中的＂thebabybirdsthatmostcloselyimitatedtheirmom’svoicewererewardedwiththemostfood＂和最后一段＂Ourresultssuggestthattheymightbegoingforquality.＂可知，模仿母鸟模仿得最好的雏鸟得到最多的食物，研究结果表明，母亲会选择质量好的雏鸟。由此可知，胎教帮助母鸟辨别出那些适应环境较好的孩子。CAnewmoditybringsaboutahighlyprofitable,fastgrowingindustry,urgingantitrust（反垄断）regulatorstostepintocheckthosewhocontrolitsflow.Acenturyago,theresourceinquestionwasoil.Nowsimilarconcernsarebeingraisedbythegiants（巨头）thatdealindata,theoilofthedigitalage.ThemostvaluablefirmsareGoogle,Amazon,FacebookandMicrosoft.Alllookunstoppable.Suchsituationshaveledtocallsforthetechgiantstobebrokenup.Butsizealoneisnotacrime.Thegiants’successhasbenefitedconsumers.Fewwanttolivewithoutsearchenginesoraquickdelivery.Farfromchargingconsumershighprices,manyoftheseservicesarefree(userspay,ineffect,byhandingoveryetmoredata).Andtheappearanceofnewborngiantssuggeststhatnewerscanmakewaves,too. Butthereiscauseforconcern.TheInternethasmadedataabundant,allpresentandfarmorevaluable,changingthenatureofdataandpetition.Googleinitiallyusedthedatacollectedfromuserstotargetadvertisingbetter.Butrecentlyithasdiscoveredthatdatacanbeturnedintonewservices:translationandvisualrecognition,tobesoldtootherpanies.Internetpanies’controlofdatagivesthemenormouspower.Sotheyhavea＂God’seyeview＂ofactivitiesintheirownmarketsandbeyond.Thisnatureofdatamakestheantitrustmeasuresofthepastlessuseful.BreakingupfirmslikeGoogleintofivesmalloneswouldnotstopremakingthemselves:intime,oneofthemwouldbeegreatagain.Arethinkisrequired—andasanewapproachstartstobeeapparent,twoideasstandout.Thefirstisthatantitrustauthoritiesneedtomovefromtheindustrialageintothe21stcentury.Whenconsideringamerger(兼并),forexample,theyhavetraditionallyusedsizetodeterminewhentostepin.Theynowneedtotakeintoaccounttheextentoffirms’dataassets(资产)whenassessingtheimpactofdeals.Thepurchasepricecouldalsobeasignalthatanestablishedpanyisbuyinganewbornthreat.Whenthistakesplace,especiallywhenanewbornpanyhasnorevenuetospeakof,theregulatorsshouldraiseredflags.Thesecondprincipleistoloosenthecontrolthatprovidersofonlineserviceshaveoverdataandgivemoretothosewhosupplythem.paniescouldbeforcedtoconsumerswhatinformationtheyholdandhowmanymoneytheymakeformit.Governmentscouldorderthesharingofcertainkindsofdata,withusers’consent.Restartingantitrustfortheinformationagewillnotbeeasy.Butifgovernmentsdon’twantadataeconomycontrolledbyafewgiants,theymustactsoon.61.Whyisthereacalltobreakupgiants?A.Theyhavecontrolledthedatamarket. B.Theycollectenormousprivatedata.C.Theynolongerprovidefreeservices. D.Theydismissedsomenewborngiants.62.WhatdoesthetechnologicalinnovationinParagraph3indicate?A.Datagiants’technologyisveryexpensive.B.Google’sideaispopularamongdatafirms.C.Datacanstrengthengiants’controllingposition.D.Datacanbeturnedintonewservicesorproducts.63.Bypayingattentiontofirms’dataassets,antitrustregulatorscould__________.A.killanewthreat B.avoidthesizetrapC.favourbiggerfirms D.chargehigherprices64.Whatisthepurposeoflooseningthegiants’controlofdata?A.Bigpaniescouldrelievedatasecuritypressure.B.Governmentscouldrelievetheirfinancialpressure.C.Consumerscouldbetterprotecttheirprivacy.D.Smallpaniescouldgetmoreopportunities.63.B【解析】根据倒数第三段＂Thefirstisthatantitrustauthoritiesneedtomovefromtheindustrialageintothe21stcentury.Whenconsideringamerger(兼并),forexample,theyhavetraditionallyusedsizetodeterminewhentostepin.Theynowneedtotakeintoaccounttheextentoffirms’dataassets(资产)whenassessingtheimpactofdeals.＂可知，在考虑公司数据资产的基础上，反垄断监管机构会避免陷于规模陷阱。64.D【解析】根据倒数第二段paniescouldbeforcedtoconsumerswhatinformationtheyholdandhowmanymoneytheymakefromit.Governments...withusers’consent.＂可知，由于大公司垄断数据信息，不利于小公司更好地服务消费者，也不利于政府开展工作。弱化这种垄断将会给小公司带去更多的发展机会。DOldProblem,NewApproaches Whilecleanenergyisincreasinglyusedinourdailylife,globalwarmingwillcontinueforsomedecadesafterCO2emissions（排放）peak.Soevenifemissionsweretobegintodecreasetoday,wewouldstillfacethechallengeofadaptingtoclimatechange.HereIwillstresssomesmarterandmorecreativeexamplesofclimateadaptation. Whenitestoadaptation,itisimportanttounderstandthatclimatechangeisaprocess.Wearethereforenottalkingaboutadaptingtoanewstandard,buttoaconstantlyshiftingsetofconditions.Thisiswhy,inpartatleast,theUSNationalClimateAssessmentsaysthat:＂Thereisno‘onesizefitsall’adaptation.＂Nevertheless,therearesomeactionsthatoffermuchandcarrylittleriskorcost. Aroundtheworld,peopleareadaptinginsurprisingways,especiallyinsomepoorcountries.FloodshavebeemoredamaginginBangladeshinrecentdecades.MohammedRezwansawopportunitywhereotherssawonlydisaster.Hisnotforprofitorganizationruns100riverboatsthatserveasfloatinglibraries,schools,andhealthclinics,andareequippedwithsolarpanelsandothermunicatingfacilities.Rezwaniscreatingfloatingconnectivity（连体）toreplacefloodedroadsandhighways.Butheisalsoworkingatafarmorefundamentallevel:hisstaffshowpeoplehowtomakefloatinggardensandfishpondspreventstarvationduringthewetseason.ElsewhereinAsiaevenmoreastonishingactionsarebeingtaken.ChewangNorphellivesinamountainousregioninIndia,whereheisknownastheIceMan.Thelossofglaciers(冰川)thereduetoglobalwarmingrepresentsanenormousthreattoagriculture.Withouttheglaciers,waterwillarriveintheriversattimeswhenitcandamagecrops.Norphel’sinspirationcamefromseeingthewasteofwateroverwinter,whenitwasnotneeded.Hedirectedthewastedwaterintoshallowbasinswhereitfroze,andwasstoreduntilthespring.Hisfieldsoficesupplyperfectlytimedirrigation(灌溉)water.Havingcreatedninesuchicereserves,Norphelcalculatesthathehasstoredabout200,000m3ofwater.Climatechangeisacontinuingprocess,soNorphel’sicereserveswillnotlastforever.Warmingwillovertakethem.Butheisprovidingafewyearsduringwhichthefarmerswill,perhaps,beabletofindothermeansofadapting.IncreasingEarth’sreflectivenesscancooltheplanet.InsouthernSpainthesuddenincreaseofgreenhouses(whichreflectlightbacktospace)haschangedthewarmingtrendlocally,andactuallycooledtheregion.WhileSpainasawholeisheatingupquickly,temperaturesnearthegreenhouseshavedecreased.Thisexampleshouldactasaninspirationforallcities.Bypaintingbuildingswhite,citiesmayslowdownthewarmingprocess.InPeru,localfarmersaroundamountainwithaglacierthathasalreadyfallenvictimtoclimatechangehavebegunpaintingtheentiremountainpeakwhiteinthehopethattheaddedreflectivenesswillrestorethelifegivingice.Theouteisstillfarfromclear.ButtheWorldBankhasincludedtheprojectonitsof"100ideastosavetheplanet＂.Moreordinaryformsofadaptationarehappeningeverywhere.AfriendofmineownsanareaoflandinwesternVictoria.Overfivegenerationsthelandhasbeentoowetforcropping.Butduringthepastdecadedecliningrainfallhasallowedhimtoplanthighlyprofitablecrops.Farmersinmanycountriesarealsoadaptinglikethis—eitherbygrowingnewproduce,orbygrowingthesamethingsdifferently.Thisismonsense.Butsomesuggestionsforadaptingarenot.Whenthepollutingindustriesarguethatwe’velostthebattletocontrolcarbonpollutionandhavenochoicebuttoadapt,it’sanonsensedesignedtomakethecaseforbusinessasusual.Humanbeingswillcontinuetoadapttothechangingclimateinbothordinaryandastonishingways.Butthemostsensibleformofadaptationissurelytoadaptourenergysystemstoemitlesscarbonpollution.Afterall,ifweadaptinthatway,wemayavoidtheneedtochangeinsomanyothers.65.TheunderlinedpartinParagraph2implies__________.A.adaptationisaneverchangingprocess B.thecostofadaptationvarieswithtimeC.globalwarmingaffectsadaptationforms D.adaptationtoclimatechangeischallenging66.WhatisspecialwithregardtoRezwan’sproject?A.Theprojectreceivesgovernmentsupport. B.Differentorganizationsworkwitheachother.C.Hisorganizationmakesthebestofabadsituation. D.Theprojectconnectsfloodedroadsandhighways.67.WhatdidtheIceMandotoreducetheeffectofglobalwarming?A.Storingiceforfutureuse. B.Protectingtheglaciersfrommelting.C.Changingtheirrigationtime. D.Postponingthemeltingoftheglaciers.68.WhatdowelearnfromthePeruexample?A.Whitepaintisusuallysafeforbuildings.B.Theglobalwarmingtreadcannotbestopped.C.Thiscountryisheatinguptooquickly.D.Sunlightreflectionmayrelieveglobalwarming.69.Accordingtotheauthor,pollutingindustriesshould__________.A.adapttocarbonpollution B.planthighlyprofitablecropsC.leavecarbonemissionalone D.fightagainstcarbonpollution70.What’stheauthor’spreferredsolutiontoglobalwarming?A.Settingupanewstandard. B.Reducingcarbonemission.C.Adaptingtoclimatechange. D.Monitoringpollutingindustries.67.A【解析】根据第四段中的＂Norphel’sinspirationefromseeingthewasteofwateroverwinter,whenitwasnotneeded.Hedirectedthewastedwaterintoshallowbasinswhereitfroze,andwasstoreduntilthespring.＂可知，把冰川融化后的水储存起来以备不时之需，是减少气候变暖危害的方法之一。68.D【解析】根据倒数第四段中的＂Bypaintingbuildingswhite,citiesmayslowdownthewarmingprocess.＂和倒数第三段中的＂paintingtheentiremountainpeakwhiteinthehopethattheaddedreflectivenesswillrestorethelifegivingice＂可知，将墙壁涂成白色是利用了光的反射原理，这样可以缓解气候变暖。69.D【解析】根据倒数第二段中的＂Whenthepollutingindustriesarguethatwe’velostthebattletocontrolcarbonpollutionandhavenochoicebuttoadapt,it’sanonsense...＂可知，作者不赞成＂我们已经在与碳污染的斗争中失败了＂这样的说法，说明作者建议污染企业行动起来。70.B【解析】根据最后一段中的＂Butthemostsensibleformofadaptationissurelytoadaptourenergysystemstoemitlesscarbonpollution.＂可知，作者认为，最合理的方法仍然是减少二氧化碳的排放。第四部分：任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。PopulationChangeWhyistheworld’spopulationgrowing?Theanswerisnotwhatyoumightthink.Thereasonfortheexplosionisnotthatpeoplehavebeenreproducinglikerabbits,butthatpeoplehavestoppeddroppingdeadlikeflies.In1900,peoplediedattheaverageageof30.By2000theaverageagewas65.Butwhileincreasinghealthwasatypicalfeatureofthe20thcentury,decliningbirthratecouldbeadefiningoneofthe21st.Statisticsshowthattheaveragenumbe